A method for reconstructing a roof of an old building

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of old building roof reconstruction method, the old building roof reconstruction method includes: demolish old building original daughter wall to roof ring beam or roof frame beam, complete roof ring beam / roof frame beam reinforcement, pouring support base on roof ring beam / roof frame beam load bearing node, install support lower part, install roof beam section with support upper part, complete beam section combination, carry out precast slab covering and complete daughter wall railing installation.The application is to ensure that top floor occupants are not affected by using fabricated capping for building roof updating and reconstruction method, and can be attached to a variety of functions, this kind of reconstruction does not destroy the original building roof insulation waterproof function, forms a cavity between new and old roof, forms air convection, has sunshade ventilation, sound insulation and waterproof function, improves the living quality of top floor occupants. And using fabricated prestressed technology maximizes to reduce the cross-sectional size of component, reduce load and thus reduce the influence on original structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction technology, and in particular relates to a method for renovating the roof of an old building. Background Technology

[0002] The exterior walls of old buildings commonly suffer from problems such as peeling paint, cracking, water seepage, and deteriorated insulation performance, affecting both the city's appearance and the living environment of its residents, while also failing to meet green, low-carbon, and energy-saving requirements. Therefore, the renovation and upgrading of roofs and facades of old buildings has a vast market potential. Roof renovation, in particular, is urgent. Aging roof energy-saving and waterproofing functions reduce the living experience for top-floor residents, and more importantly, heavy rain leading to water and snow accumulation can cause structural damage if the load exceeds the roof slab's capacity, sometimes even leading to safety accidents.

[0003] The technology for renovating the facades of old buildings mainly covers the research and development and construction techniques of new insulation and decoration materials, the demolition technology of the original facades, the construction platform technology, and the vertical transportation technology of construction waste.

[0004] Current Status of Building Facade Insulation and Decoration Systems

[0005] (1) Building facade insulation system technology

[0006] In the renovation of old building facades, the exterior wall insulation system needs to be upgraded. The measures mainly fall into two categories: the first is to add an insulation layer to facades without insulation; the second is to replace poorly insulated facades with more advanced insulation materials to address facades with inadequate insulation or degraded insulation performance that fails to meet energy conservation and environmental protection requirements. Existing building facade insulation materials mainly include the following:

[0007] 1) Inorganic material exterior wall insulation

[0008] Inorganic materials for exterior wall insulation [6-8] This mainly includes glass wool, vacuum insulation panels, and inorganic thermal insulation mortar, but due to the inherent defects of inorganic thermal insulation technology, its use has been gradually prohibited or restricted. An exception is inorganic thermal insulation mortar, which is widely used in southern regions due to its high thermal conductivity and non-combustible properties. However, because it is prone to problems such as peeling, cracking, water seepage, and hollowing, some areas have mandated the prohibition or restriction of its use in buildings.

[0009] 2) Rock wool board exterior wall insulation

[0010] Rock wool boards are mainly composed of inorganic materials and have good fire resistance, but the production of thermal insulation rock wool consumes a large amount of ecological energy. While environmental issues related to rock wool production have been addressed with improvements in production equipment and technology, the price has become high. Furthermore, rock wool boards are prone to problems such as fluffing and bulging due to thermal expansion and contraction.

[0011] 3) Organic insulation board

[0012] Common organic thermal insulation boards [6] Including EPS (polystyrene board), SEPS (graphite polystyrene board), XPS (extruded polystyrene board), and PUR (rigid polyurethane foam board), these insulation boards all have good thermal insulation performance and are widely used in external wall insulation systems. However, their flame retardant effect is poor, and they often become "accomplices" in building fires, which has become an industry-wide problem.

[0013] 4) Cement-based foam insulation board

[0014] Cement-based foam insulation boards have advantages such as good thermal insulation, strong compressive strength, high temperature resistance, and fire resistance, but they also have disadvantages such as high thermal conductivity.

[0015] 5) Thermal insulation decorative panel (integrated panel)

[0016] Integrated thermal insulation and decorative panels have advantages such as thermal insulation, energy saving, light weight and high strength, but their production cost is relatively high, product quality varies, and construction technology requirements are high.

[0017] (2) Building facade decoration system technology

[0018] As people's aesthetic standards for housing improve, ordinary plain exterior walls can no longer satisfy their pursuit of beauty. Decorating building facades can effectively enhance their artistic and architectural appeal. Therefore, a series of industry standards have been introduced for decoration and renovation projects, such as the "Residential Building Code" and the "Code for Acceptance of Quality of Building Decoration and Renovation Projects." These standards have greatly standardized construction practices for decoration and renovation projects, laying the foundation for the industry's continued healthy development. Currently, common building facade decoration materials include:

[0019] 1) Decorative coatings

[0020] Decorative coatings typically include ordinary coatings and their derivatives, such as stone-like paint, imitation stone paint, and latex paint. Decorative coatings offer advantages such as low cost and high application efficiency, but they also have disadvantages such as fading, cracking, peeling, poor stain resistance, and difficulty in cleaning. They are mostly used in older residences, affordable housing, and resettlement housing.

[22] .

[0021] 2) Decorative panels

[0022] Decorative panels are a type of board material used for surface decoration. Common decorative panels include aluminum composite panels, wood shingle panels, and brick-like panels.

[23] Decorative panels have advantages such as being lightweight and colorfast, but disadvantages such as being weak in impact resistance and being prone to falling off.

[0023] 3) Facing bricks

[0024] Building facade decorative bricks mainly include ceramic tiles, terracotta bricks, glazed tiles, unglazed tiles, mosaic tiles, and vitrified tiles. Facing bricks have the advantages of being sturdy and durable, aesthetically pleasing, and having a strong texture, but they also have disadvantages such as loosening, falling off, and high maintenance costs. They are mostly used in school buildings and self-built houses.

[0025] 4) Stone materials

[0026] The main types of decorative stone used for building facades include marble, granite, sandstone, glazed stone, water-brushed stone, and dry-laid stone. Decorative stone has advantages such as high-end appearance and good durability, but it also has disadvantages such as high cost and easy detachment.

[0027] 5) Glass curtain wall

[0028] Glass curtain walls are a new type of wall structure that organically integrates architectural aesthetics, functionality, energy efficiency, and structural integrity. As an exterior facade decoration, glass curtain walls offer advantages such as a high-end, sophisticated look and ample natural light; however, they also have disadvantages such as high construction costs and high maintenance costs. They are primarily used in office buildings, high-end shopping malls, and luxury residences.

[0029] In summary, with the improvement of economic levels and the emergence of building energy-saving technologies, the thermal insulation and decoration systems of building facades have been continuously updated. However, the thermal insulation and decoration systems of older buildings can no longer meet people's current demands for quality of life and are affecting the process of high-quality urban development. Generally, the facades of older buildings have two main characteristics: the first is the absence of an insulation layer or an ineffective insulation system; the second is the aging of the building facade (insulation and decoration layers) over time, resulting in a corresponding decrease in functionality. Buildings exhibiting the first characteristic are mainly masonry structures from the 1980s and 90s. Due to limitations in economic levels, engineering technology, and energy conservation and environmental awareness, these buildings lacked insulation layers or had ineffective insulation. Buildings exhibiting the second characteristic primarily suffer functional loss over time. In terms of the insulation system, this is mainly manifested in: 1) cracking, hollowing, and detachment; 2) insulation without fire resistance; 3) fire resistance but failing to meet the insulation requirements for energy-efficient buildings. In terms of the decorative system, the main problems are: peeling and flaking of the finish; water seepage and corrosion; and unsightly additions such as balconies and awnings. Therefore, using new insulation and decorative materials and new processes to renovate the facades of old buildings has good economic and social benefits.

[0030] Current Status of Building Facade Construction Platform Technology

[0031] In the renovation of the facades of old buildings, traditional construction platforms such as ground-mounted scaffolding, aerial work platforms, and suspended scaffolds are still widely used. Depending on the building height, these can be divided into the following two situations:

[0032] (1) Low-rise buildings often use ground-mounted scaffolding platforms and aerial work platforms. To ensure the stability of the construction platform, ultra-high plug-in type disc-lock scaffolding can also be used. This type of scaffolding is easier to transfer and erect. The erection of ground-mounted scaffolding will affect pedestrian passages and is not conducive to the normal operation of street-facing shops; the use of aerial work platforms is often limited due to the influence of the site and the surrounding environment of the building.

[0033] (2) High-rise buildings often use suspended platforms. Although suspended platforms can avoid problems such as occupying pedestrian passages, the placement of suspended platforms is easily affected by the equipment and accessories of existing buildings, and there are also problems such as slow construction and the risk of falling objects from heights.

[0034] There is limited research on construction platform technology for building facade renovation. Therefore, it is necessary to improve existing construction platforms to provide strong support for the efficient and high-quality implementation of facade renovation for old buildings.

[0035] Although old buildings are quite old, they still retain their residential function. The renovation process will still have a significant impact on residents and cause dissatisfaction among citizens. The challenge is to minimize the impact on citizens' travel and living quality while solving the problem of old buildings requiring multiple long-term maintenance once and for all.

[0036] Water leakage in the roofs of old buildings is a common phenomenon. Leaks are influenced by a variety of factors, with numerous causes, and a permanent solution is difficult to guarantee. However, in residential buildings, the roof is a shared system, not belonging to a single household. The leakage situation varies from unit to unit on the top floor, making repair and renovation very challenging. Conventional leak repairs often plug one leak point, leading to other leaks. For example, plugging a leak in unit A's roof might cause leaks in neighboring units B and C, causing conflicts between neighbors or between homeowners and property management. To avoid complex conflicts and the unpredictability of leak points, there is an urgent need to research a roof-based renovation system that does not rely on the roof itself. This system should not disturb the original roof structure and functional layers, but only involve removing the original parapet wall and reinforcing the roof's structural beams. Summary of the Invention

[0037] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems of existing technology and disclose a method for renovating the roof of old buildings. This method uses prefabricated splicing technology to add a roof to old buildings, while using a cantilever beam system to renovate the walls.

[0038] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0039] A renovation method for the roof of an old building, the renovation method for the roof of the old building includes: demolishing the original parapet of the old building to the roof ring beam or the roof frame beam, completing the reinforcement of the roof ring beam / roof frame beam, pouring a support foundation on the bearing node of the roof ring beam / roof frame beam, installing the lower part of the support, installing the roof beam section with the upper part of the support, completing the beam section combination, carrying out precast slab covering and completing the installation of the parapet railing.

[0040] According to a preferred embodiment, the roof beam section is composed of segmented precast structures; among them, the middle beam section adopts a rectangular structure, on which a water collection trough and a prestressed corrugated pipe are provided, and prestressed connections are used between each segment.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment, the roof beam section includes a precast beam section with a cantilever beam, on which a parapet counterfort and a retaining block are provided. The height of the parapet counterfort is set according to the water collection surface height required by the load, and bolt holes for installing the railing are left on it, and the railing is directly fastened during installation; the retaining block is configured to prevent the new roof from slipping out of the sliding support due to the lateral seismic force.

[0042] According to a preferred embodiment, the supports are arranged at intervals of sliding supports and fixed supports on the same axis; for the middle part of the multi-span structure, fixed supports are arranged, and sliding supports are arranged at the edge parts; for a single-span structure, a fixed support is arranged at one end and a sliding support is arranged at the other end.

[0043] According to a preferred embodiment, after the precast beam sections are combined or installed, precast roof slabs are covered on them. Bolt connections are used between each precast roof slab and the precast beam section. Waterproof rubber pads are arranged in the gaps between the beam and the slab. Flexible waterproof materials are poured between the waterproof rubber pads and the precast structure. The waterproof rubber pad is in the shape of a "U" and drain holes are arranged at the axil angle part. Water flows into the water collection trough of the precast beam, and after flowing into the end, it is led into the gutter.

[0044] According to a preferred embodiment, tongue-and-groove plug-ins are used between each precast roof slab, and waterproof rubber pads are arranged, and waterproof glue is poured between the waterproof rubber pads and the precast structure.

[0045] According to a preferred embodiment, after the roof structure is installed, a cantilever precast cover plate with a gutter is installed on the upper part of the precast cantilever beam. On it, the gutter is provided with a slope structure, and a rainwater outlet is arranged at the lowest point and discharged into the municipal rainwater pipe.

[0046] According to a preferred embodiment, an eagle gutter drip line is arranged on the outside of the cantilever precast cover plate.

[0047] According to a preferred embodiment, a hamlet is provided on the precast cantilever beam, and bolt holes are provided on the hamlet. A fixed track hanger is installed on the hamlet, and the hanger can slide, be assembled and disassembled on the hamlet.

[0048] According to a preferred embodiment, a ring rail is fixedly installed at the bottom of the hanger, and an electric hoist is hung on the ring rail. The electric hoist is connected to the intelligent control system to complete the control of movement; a basket and / or a car are installed on the electric hoist.

[0049] The aforementioned main solution of the present invention and its various further alternative solutions can be freely combined to form multiple solutions, all of which are solutions that can be adopted and are claimed by the present invention. Those skilled in the art, after understanding the solution of the present invention, will realize that there are many combinations based on existing technology and common knowledge, all of which are technical solutions to be protected by the present invention, and will not be exhaustively listed here.

[0050] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0051] This invention relates to a prefabricated roofing renovation method for buildings, designed to ensure that top-floor residents are not affected. This method allows for the addition of multiple functions without compromising the original roof's insulation and waterproofing. A cavity is created between the old and new roofs, enabling air convection and providing sun shading, ventilation, sound insulation, and waterproofing, thus improving the living quality of top-floor residents. Furthermore, the use of prefabricated prestressed technology minimizes the cross-sectional dimensions of components, reducing load and thus minimizing the impact on the original structure. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the roof structure after modification by the method of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the precast beam segment and the precast roof panel in the method of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the waterproof gasket;

[0055] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the precast beam segment in the method of this invention;

[0056] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated cantilever beam in the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0057] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features described therein can be combined with each other.

[0058] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0059] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0060] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0061] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0062] Furthermore, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the structures, connections, positions, power sources, etc. involved in this invention are all things that a person skilled in the art can know without creative effort based on the prior art.

[0063] Example 1:

[0064] refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown in the figure, a method for renovating the roof of an old building is illustrated. The method includes: demolishing the original parapet wall down to the roof ring beam or roof frame beam, reinforcing the roof ring beam / roof frame beam, pouring support foundations at the load-bearing nodes of the roof ring beam / roof frame beam, installing the lower part of the support, installing roof beam segments with the upper part of the support, completing the beam segment assembly, covering with precast slabs, and installing the parapet wall railing.

[0065] The method of this invention does not disturb the original roof structure and functional layers. It only removes the original parapet wall and reinforces the structural ring beam of the roof. Seismic isolation pads are installed on the original load-bearing walls and load-bearing columns (fixed supports and sliding supports are set according to different spans. For roofs with a small span of L < 20 meters, one end can be fixed and the other end can be slidable. For spans of L > 20 meters, a fixed support can be set in the middle and both ends can be slidable). Precast beam segments (with cantilever beams) are connected to the seismic isolation supports. The precast beam segments are connected as a whole using prestressing.

[0066] Specifically, the masonry portion of the original roof parapet wall is demolished, the original steel reinforcement is retained, and a ring beam reinforcement is installed before pouring concrete again to reinforce the roof frame beam. Connecting support foundations are installed at the joints between the frame beam and the load-bearing beam and column. The connecting supports include sliding supports and fixed supports, which are set according to different spans. The connections are made using anchoring and bolting.

[0067] Preferably, the precast beam segments are completed in the PC component factory and disassembled for ease of transportation. The middle beam segments adopt a rectangular structure, with water collection channels and prestressed corrugated pipes installed on them. The two segments are connected by prestressing. (Refer to...) Figure 4 As shown.

[0068] Preferably, the roof beam segment includes a precast beam segment with a cantilever beam. The precast beam segment with the cantilever beam is provided with a parapet wall sill and a support block. The height of the parapet wall sill is set according to the water catchment level required by the load. Bolt holes for installing railings are left on it, and the railings are directly tightened during installation. The support block is configured to prevent the new roof from being pushed out of the sliding support restraint due to the lateral force of the earthquake.

[0069] Preferably, the supports are provided with sliding supports and fixed supports spaced apart on the same axis; for multi-span structures, fixed supports are provided in the middle part and sliding supports are provided at the edge part; for single-span structures, a fixed support is provided at one end and a sliding support is provided at the other end.

[0070] Preferably, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, after the precast beam segments are combined or installed, precast roof panels are covered thereon. Bolts are used to connect each precast roof panel and the precast beam segment. A waterproof gasket is provided in the gap between the beam and the slab. Flexible waterproof material is poured between the waterproof gasket and the precast structure. The waterproof gasket is in the shape of a "ji" character, and drain holes are provided at the axil angle. Water flows into the water collection trough of the precast beam, and after flowing into the end, it is led into the gutter.

[0071] Furthermore, tongue-and-groove joints are used between each precast roof panel, and a waterproof gasket is provided. Waterproof glue is poured between the waterproof gasket and the precast structure.

[0072] Preferably, after the roof structure is installed, a cantilever precast cover plate with a gutter is installed above the precast cantilever beam. On it, the gutter is provided with a slope structure, and a rainwater outlet is provided at the lowest point and discharged into the municipal rainwater pipe.

[0073] Furthermore, a drip line for the eagle gutter is provided on the outside of the cantilever precast cover plate to prevent the scattered rainwater from seeping back.

[0074] Preferably, referring to Figure 5 As shown, Hafen grooves are provided on the precast cantilever beam, bolt holes are provided on the Hafen grooves, and fixed track hangers are installed on the Hafen grooves. The hangers can slide, assemble and disassemble on the Hafen grooves.

[0075] Furthermore, a ring track is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the hanger, an electric hoist is hung on the ring track, the electric hoist is connected to the intelligent control system to complete the control of movement; a hanging basket and / or a car are provided on the electric hoist.

[0076] When a hanging basket is hung, maintenance and renovation of the building facade and exterior windows can be carried out. When the electric hoist hangs a car, the intelligent management and control system is linked with the property security system to provide emergency protection and provide a safe escape passage through the window. When the household needs to decorate or transport materials, it can be linked with the property system to provide a vertical transportation passage.

[0077] The present invention adopts a renewal and renovation method of assembling and covering the building roof to ensure that the top-floor residents are not affected, and various functions can be added. This kind of renovation does not damage the original building's roof insulation and waterproof functions, forms a cavity between the new and old roofs, forms air convection, has functions of sunshading, ventilation, sound insulation and waterproofing, and improves the living quality of the top-floor residents. And the assembled prestressed technology is adopted to minimize the cross-sectional size of the components, reduce the load and thus reduce the impact on the original structure.

[0078] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for renovating an old building roof, characterized by, The old building roof reconstruction method comprises the following steps: removing the original parapet wall of the old building to the roof ring beam or roof frame beam, reinforcing the roof ring beam / roof frame beam, pouring a support base on the roof ring beam / roof frame beam load-bearing joint, installing a support lower part, installing a roof beam section with a support upper part, completing beam section combination, covering with a prefabricated plate, and completing parapet railing installation. The roof beam section is composed of segmented prefabricated structures; wherein the middle beam section adopts a rectangular structure, which is provided with a water collection groove and a prestressed corrugated pipe, and prestressed connections are used between the segments. The roof beam section includes a prefabricated beam section with a cantilever beam, which is provided with a parapet wall counter and a retaining block, the height of the parapet wall counter is set according to the load requirement of the water collection surface height, and bolt holes for installing the railing are left on it, which can be directly fastened when the railing is installed; the retaining block is configured to prevent the lateral force of an earthquake from causing the new roof to slide out of the sliding support; After the prefabricated beam section is combined or installed, a prefabricated roof plate is covered thereon, bolt connections are used between each prefabricated roof plate and the prefabricated beam section, waterproof rubber pads are arranged in the beam plate gaps, flexible waterproof materials are filled between the waterproof rubber pads and the prefabricated structure, the waterproof rubber pads are shaped like a "U", and water holes are arranged at the axillary angle part, the water flows into the water collection groove of the prefabricated beam, and the water is led into the gutter after flowing into the end. Each prefabricated roof plate is inserted and connected with a waterproof rubber pad, and waterproof glue is filled between the waterproof rubber pad and the prefabricated structure; After the roof structure is installed, a prefabricated eave cover plate with a gutter is installed on the upper part of the prefabricated cantilever beam, and the gutter is provided with a slope structure, and a rainwater outlet is arranged at the lowest part to drain into the municipal rainwater pipe. The support is provided with a sliding support and a fixed support at intervals on the same axis. For a multi-span structure, fixed supports are arranged at the middle part, and sliding supports are arranged at the edge part; for a single-span structure, a fixed support is arranged at one end, and a sliding support is arranged at the other end.

2. The method of retrofitting an old building roof according to claim 1, wherein An eave gutter is arranged on the outer side of the prefabricated eave cover plate.

3. The method of retrofitting an old building roof according to claim 1, wherein A Haifan groove is left on the prefabricated cantilever beam, bolt holes are left on the Haifan groove, a fixed rail hanger is installed on the Haifan groove, and the hanger can slide, assemble and disassemble on the Haifan groove.

4. The method of retrofitting an old building roof according to claim 3, wherein A ring rail is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the hanger, an electric hoist is hung on the ring rail, the electric hoist is connected with an intelligent control system, and the movement is controlled; a basket and / or a car are arranged on the electric hoist.

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