A measuring device and method for measuring the deformation resistance of a porcelain layer on a steel plate surface based on an electronic tensile testing machine

Abstract

The application relates to a measuring device for measuring the anti-deformation capacity of a porcelain layer on the surface of a steel plate based on an electronic tensile testing machine, which comprises an electronic tensile testing machine, a direct-current stabilized power supply, a color developing device, a tensile testing sample processed, the color developing device attached to the surface of the porcelain layer, the porcelain layer arranged on a base body, and the direct-current stabilized power supply connected with the tensile testing sample and the color developing device; the technical scheme has repeatability, can quickly and effectively realize the evaluation of the strain critical value of the micro-cracks of the porcelain layer on the surface of the enamel plate, can quantitatively measure the stress and strain values of the porcelain layer through the loading mode of the tensile testing machine, and provides quantitative design basis for the design of the enamel structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a measuring device, specifically a measuring device based on an electronic tensile testing machine for measuring the deformation resistance of a ceramic layer on the surface of a steel plate, belonging to the technical field of determining the tensile properties of ceramic layers on the surface of a sample. Background Technology

[0002] Enameled steel plates offer advantages such as attractive appearance, smooth and delicate surface, rich colors, corrosion resistance, easy washing, insulation, and high safety. They are now widely used in everyday kitchenware, home appliances, architectural decorative enamel panels, and important applications such as large pipelines. Enamel is a composite material formed by the bonding of a porcelain enamel layer and metal, fired at temperatures of 800℃ and above. The enamel layer is a brittle material with high compressive strength and hardness, but its tensile strength is relatively low, generally between 40-90 MPa, far lower than that of steel plates.

[0003] In the actual use of enamel-lined products, such as water heater inner tanks and large solution tanks, deformation under load is inevitable. If this deformation exceeds the enamel layer's load-bearing capacity, micro-cracks will appear, causing the protective layer to fail. This will accelerate corrosion of the iron substrate and may even lead to product failure in a short period, resulting in serious consequences. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the final product's service conditions during product design, designing the product structure based on the enamel layer's deformation resistance to improve product lifespan and safety. A crucial aspect of this is obtaining data on the enamel layer's deformation resistance.

[0004] A preliminary search revealed the following relevant solutions in the prior art: Patent CN201911155850.8 discloses a dynamic measurement device and method for the deformation resistance of the ceramic layer on the surface of an enamel-lined steel plate. The device clamps a sample with the ceramic layer on a tensile testing machine and connects it to a conductivity meter. A central data processor correlates the strain and conductivity values, outputting a curve of conductivity versus tensile strain. The point of abrupt change in conductivity is identified as the initial failure point of the ceramic layer. However, this method requires complex equipment and suffers from difficulties in defining the failure point, resulting in poor practicality. Therefore, a new solution is urgently needed to address the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention addresses the problems existing in the prior art by providing a measuring device for measuring the deformation resistance of ceramic layers on the surface of steel plates based on an electronic tensile testing machine. This technical solution provides a safe, efficient, real-time measuring device for measuring the deformation resistance of ceramic layers on the surface of steel plates, which also has failure location capabilities.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a measuring device for measuring the deformation resistance of the ceramic layer on the surface of a steel plate based on an electronic tensile testing machine. The measuring device includes an electronic tensile testing machine 5, a DC regulated power supply 4, and a color developing device 3. A tensile specimen that has undergone special processing is placed on the electronic tensile testing machine. The color developing device 3 is attached to the surface of the enamel layer 2. The enamel layer 2 is set on the substrate 1. The DC regulated power supply 4 is connected to the specimen and the color developing device.

[0007] As an improvement of the present invention, the steel plate has an enamel layer on one side. In order to ensure the reliability of the strain value, the sample is processed into a dumbbell shape. The sample is then subjected to pickling surface treatment, dried, coated with an enamel layer, and kept at a high temperature of 850°C for 10 minutes. It is then cooled to room temperature in the furnace, which will allow the enamel coating to bond with the steel plate.

[0008] A method for measuring the deformation resistance of a ceramic coating on the surface of a steel plate using an electronic tensile testing machine, the method comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Measure the tensile deformation value of the steel plate in real time.

[0010] Step 2: Real-time measurement of the enamel layer deformation capacity.

[0011] Step 3: Analyze the measurement data.

[0012] Step 1: Real-time measurement of the tensile deformation value of the steel plate. Specifically, the sample is fixed by clamping at both ends, and there is insulating material between the sample and the clamping ends. The longitudinal extensometer is installed. The tensile machine can set the tensile speed to achieve the deformation of the steel plate in a unidirectional tensile state. The tensile machine can provide real-time feedback on the time, strain value of the extensometer zone, and tensile stress.

[0013] Step 2: Real-time measurement of the deformation capacity of the enamel layer. Specifically, the end of the sample without the enamel layer is connected to the negative terminal of the DC regulated power supply; the color developing device is attached to the surface of the enamel layer of the sample and connected to the positive terminal of the DC regulated power supply. When the test begins, the tensile tester and the DC regulated power supply are turned on simultaneously. The DC regulated power supply is in voltage or current stabilization mode. The color developing device contains a color developing solution. When microcracks are generated in the enamel layer, the color developing solution enters the microcracks. The sample, the color developing device, and the DC regulated power supply are connected to form a circuit, and the color developing device at the microcrack changes color.

[0014] Step 3 involves analyzing the measurement data. Specifically, the time when the color change begins is the time when the microcracks are generated, and the strain value of the tensile tester at this time is the threshold of the enamel layer's resistance to deformation. The location where the color change occurs is the failure location of the enamel layer.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages: 1) This technical solution utilizes the non-conductive properties of the enamel layer. After coating the entire surface of a steel plate sample with the enamel layer, the electrolytic solution can easily penetrate the cracks in the enamel layer, transforming it from a non-conductive material to a conductive one, which serves as a criterion for judging the deformation and failure of the enamel layer. The principle is feasible, the operation is simple, and the results are reliable; 2) This technical solution has repeatable testing capabilities and can quickly and effectively assess the critical strain value generated by micro-cracks in the enamel layer on the surface of the enamel plate; 3) Through the loading method of the tensile testing machine, the stress and strain values ​​of the enamel layer can be quantitatively measured, providing a quantitative design basis for the design of enamel structural components; 4) This invention can display the failure location of the enamel layer in real time, providing a basis for the failure analysis of the enamel layer. In addition, this invention can be used for detecting micro-cracks in enamel components and for failure detection of enamel products in service. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring the deformation resistance of a ceramic layer on the surface of a steel plate using an electronic tensile testing machine.

[0017] In the diagram: 1-substrate, 2-enamel layer, 3-color developing device, 4-DC regulated power supply, 5-electronic stretching machine. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To enhance understanding of the present invention, the embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Example 1: See Figure 1 A measuring device for measuring the deformation resistance of a ceramic coating on the surface of a steel plate using an electronic tensile testing machine is disclosed. The device includes an electronic tensile testing machine 5, a DC regulated power supply 4, and a colorimetric device 3. A specially processed tensile specimen is placed on the electronic tensile testing machine. The colorimetric device 3 is attached to the surface of an enamel layer 2, which is set on a substrate 1. The DC regulated power supply 4 is connected to the specimen and the colorimetric device. The steel plate has an enamel layer on one side. To ensure the reliability of the strain values, the specimen is machined into a dumbbell shape. The specimen undergoes acid pickling, drying, and then an enamel layer is applied. It is then heated to 850℃ for 10 minutes and cooled to room temperature in the furnace to allow the enamel coating to bond with the steel plate. In this scheme, the positive terminal of the DC regulated power supply 4 is connected to the colorimetric device 3, and the negative terminal is connected to the substrate 1. The specially processed tensile specimen substrate 1 is mounted on the electronic tensile testing machine. After the regulated power supply 4 is turned on, the tensile test begins. When red spots appear on the colorimetric device, stop stretching. The amount of deformation at this point can be regarded as the maximum allowable deformation of the surface enamel layer (it can be an absolute deformation value or a relative deformation value).

[0020] Example 2: See Figure 1A method for measuring the deformation resistance of a ceramic layer on the surface of a steel plate using an electronic tensile testing machine, the method comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1: Measure the tensile deformation value of the steel plate in real time.

[0022] Step 2: Real-time measurement of the enamel layer deformation capacity.

[0023] Step 3: Analyze the measurement data.

[0024] Step 1: Real-time measurement of the tensile deformation value of the steel plate. Specifically, the sample is fixed by clamping at both ends, and there is insulating material between the sample and the clamping ends. The longitudinal extensometer is installed. The tensile machine can set the tensile speed to achieve the deformation of the steel plate in a unidirectional tensile state. The tensile machine can provide real-time feedback on the time, strain value of the extensometer zone, and tensile stress.

[0025] Step 2: Real-time measurement of the deformation capacity of the enamel layer. Specifically, the end of the sample without the enamel layer is connected to the negative terminal of the DC regulated power supply; the color developing device is attached to the surface of the enamel layer of the sample and connected to the positive terminal of the DC regulated power supply. When the test begins, the tensile tester and the DC regulated power supply are turned on simultaneously. The DC regulated power supply is in voltage or current stabilization mode. The color developing device contains a color developing solution. When microcracks are generated in the enamel layer, the color developing solution enters the microcracks. The sample, the color developing device, and the DC regulated power supply are connected to form a circuit, and the color developing device at the microcrack changes color.

[0026] Step 3 involves analyzing the measurement data. Specifically, the time when the color change begins is the time when microcracks occur, and the strain value of the tensile tester at this time is the threshold of the enamel layer's resistance to deformation. The location where the color change occurs is the failure location of the enamel layer.

[0027] Example 3: A method for measuring the deformation resistance of a ceramic coating on a steel plate surface, comprising the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: Measure the tensile deformation value of the steel plate in real time. The specific procedure is as follows:

[0029] The sample 1 is fixed by clamping ends 5 at both ends, and there is insulating material between the sample and the clamping ends for insulation treatment. The tensile machine 1 can set the tensile speed to achieve deformation of the steel plate in a unidirectional tensile state. The tensile machine can provide real-time feedback of time, strain value of extensometer zone and tensile stress through data acquisition device.

[0030] Step 2: Real-time measurement of the deformation capacity of the enamel layer. The specific procedure is as follows:

[0031] The end of sample 1 without the enamel layer is connected to the negative terminal of DC regulated power supply 4; the color developing device 3 is attached to the surface of the enamel layer of sample 2, and the color developing device 3 is connected to the positive terminal of DC regulated power supply 4. At the start of the test, the tensile tester 1 and DC regulated power supply 4 are turned on simultaneously, and DC regulated power supply 4 is in regulated mode with an output voltage of 5-36V.

[0032] The color developing device 3 contains a color developing solution. When microcracks appear in the enamel layer, the color developing solution enters the microcracks. The sample 1, the color developing device 3, and the DC regulated power supply 4 are connected to form a circuit, and the color developing device at the microcrack changes color.

[0033] Step 3: Data analysis, specifically, is as follows:

[0034] The time when the color change of the color-developing device 5 begins is the time when the microcracks are generated. At this time, the strain value of the data acquisition device 7 connected to the tensile machine 1 is the threshold value of the enamel layer's resistance to deformation. The location where the color change occurs is the failure location of the enamel layer, that is, the location where the microcracks are generated.

[0035] Example 4: A method for measuring the deformation resistance of a ceramic coating on the surface of a steel plate, comprising the following steps:

[0036] Step 1: Measure the tensile deformation value of the steel plate in real time. The specific procedure is as follows:

[0037] The sample 1 is fixed by the clamping ends 5 at both ends, and the sample is insulated from the clamping ends by insulating material. The tensile machine 5 can set the tensile speed to achieve deformation of the steel plate in a unidirectional tensile state. The tensile machine can provide real-time feedback of time, strain value of the extensometer zone and tensile stress through the data acquisition device.

[0038] Step 2: Real-time measurement of the deformation capacity of the enamel layer. The specific procedure is as follows:

[0039] The end of sample 1 without the enamel layer is connected to the negative terminal of DC regulated power supply 4; the color developing device 3 is attached to the surface of the enamel layer of sample 2, and the color developing device 3 is connected to the positive terminal of DC regulated power supply 4. At the start of the test, the tensile tester 1 and DC regulated power supply 4 are turned on simultaneously, and DC regulated power supply 4 is in constant current mode, with an output current of 0.05-1A.

[0040] The color developing device 3 contains a color developing solution. When microcracks appear in the enamel layer, the color developing solution enters the microcracks. The sample 1, the color developing device 3, and the DC regulated power supply 4 are connected to form a circuit, and the color developing device at the microcrack changes color.

[0041] Step 3: Data analysis, specifically, is as follows:

[0042] The time when the color change of the color-developing device 3 begins is the time when the microcracks are generated. At this time, the strain value of the data acquisition device connected to the tensile machine 1 is the threshold value of the enamel layer's resistance to deformation. The location where the color change occurs is the failure location of the enamel layer, that is, the location where the microcracks are generated.

[0043] It should be noted that the above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Equivalent transformations or substitutions made based on the above technical solutions all fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measuring device for measuring the deformation resistance of a ceramic layer on the surface of a steel plate based on an electronic tensile testing machine, characterized in that, The measuring device includes an electronic tensile tester (5), a DC regulated power supply (4), and a colorimetric device (3). The processed tensile specimen is placed on the electronic tensile tester, and the colorimetric device (3) is attached to the surface of the enamel layer (2). The enamel layer (2) is set on the substrate (1). The DC regulated power supply (4) is connected to the specimen and the colorimetric device. The sample is shaped like a dumbbell and then subjected to acid pickling and surface treatment. After drying, an enamel layer is applied and the sample is kept at 850℃ for 10 minutes. It is then cooled to room temperature in the furnace to allow the enamel coating to bond with the steel plate. The measurement method based on the measuring device for measuring the deformation resistance of the ceramic layer on the surface of steel plates using an electronic tensile testing machine includes the following steps: Step 1: Measure the tensile deformation value of the steel plate in real time. Step 2: Real-time measurement of the enamel layer deformation capacity. Step 3: Analyze the measurement data; Step 1: Real-time measurement of the tensile deformation value of the steel plate. Specifically, the sample is fixed by clamping at both ends, and there is insulating material between the sample and the clamping ends for insulation treatment. The longitudinal extensometer is installed. The tensile machine can set the tensile speed to achieve the deformation of the steel plate in a unidirectional tensile state. The tensile machine can provide real-time feedback on the time, strain value of the extensometer zone and tensile stress. Step 2: Real-time measurement of the deformation capacity of the enamel layer, specifically as follows: The end of the sample without the enamel layer is connected to the negative terminal of the DC regulated power supply; the color developing device is attached to the surface of the enamel layer of the sample and connected to the positive terminal of the DC regulated power supply. When the test begins, the tensile tester and the DC regulated power supply are turned on simultaneously. The DC regulated power supply is in voltage or current stabilization mode. The color developing device contains a color developing solution. When microcracks are generated in the enamel layer, the color developing solution enters the microcracks. The sample, the color developing device, and the DC regulated power supply are connected to form a circuit, and the color developing device at the microcrack changes color. Step 3 involves analyzing the measurement data. Specifically, the time when the color change begins is the time when the microcracks are generated, and the strain value of the tensile tester at this time is the threshold of the enamel layer's resistance to deformation. The location where the color change occurs is the failure location of the enamel layer.

Images