A special bacterial agent for wheat and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of special bacterial agent for wheat, and particularly relates to a special bacterial agent for wheat and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 30-50% of Trichoderma viride, 10-20% of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and fillers accounting for 100%, wherein the fillers comprise at least one of water, amino acid solution, amino acid powder, kaolin, bentonite, straw powder and organic fertilizer; the preparation method of the special bacterial agent for wheat comprises the following steps: step one, preparing Trichoderma viride; step two, preparing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; step three, uniformly mixing the Trichoderma viride, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and fillers in proportion, and then performing inspection, and the special bacterial agent for wheat can be packed after passing the inspection. The beneficial effects are as follows: the special bacterial agent for wheat can improve the rhizosphere microenvironment of crops, promote the growth of root system, improve the nutrient absorption, reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, effectively improve the utilization rate of fertilizers, and has no pollution and no residue, so that the quality and yield of wheat are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of special bacterial agent for wheat, and particularly relates to a special bacterial agent for wheat and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Wheat is a monocotyledon and is a kind of gramineous plant widely planted all over the world. The caryopsis of wheat is one of the staple foods of human beings, and can be made into bread, steamed buns, biscuits and noodles after being ground into flour.

[0003] Agrostemma githago L. is an annual erect herbaceous plant of Caryophyllaceae Agrostemma, and is widely grown in arid grasslands, wheat fields and weed zones in China and Eastern Europe. In the 1960s, D. Gajic and other scholars of Yugoslavia discovered a unique allelopathy phenomenon: when the weed Agrostemma githago is mixed with wheat, the yield of wheat can be significantly improved instead of being reduced. In the laboratory, the growth of wheat seedlings on agar medium can be significantly stimulated by sterilized Agrostemma githago seedlings. Further research has found that the yield of wheat is significantly increased in wheat fields with the addition of Agrostemin extracted from seeds per hectare, whether fertilized or not. The allelopathic active substance, Agrostemin, is identified as a mixture of a series of amino acids, but the specific free amino acid components and proportions have not been reported.

[0004] The soil for wheat planting plays a crucial role in the growth of wheat. When wheat encounters poor soil, people mostly use chemical fertilizers to enhance the fertility of the soil and improve the yield. However, long-term use of chemical fertilizers will cause certain residues in the soil, pollute the soil, and the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers is low, increasing the planting cost. Moreover, chemical fertilizers cannot change the environment of the soil, and have a great influence on the quality of wheat. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a special bacterial agent for wheat and a preparation method thereof to solve the above problems.

[0006] The present application realizes the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions.

[0007] A special bacterial agent for wheat, characterized in that the special bacterial agent comprises the following raw materials in mass fraction: 30-50% of Trichoderma viride, 10-20% of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and a filler accounting for 100%.

[0008] Preferably, the filler comprises at least one of water, amino acid liquid, amino acid powder, kaolin, bentonite, straw powder and organic fertilizer.

[0009] Preferably, the preparation method of the wheat-specific microbial agent according to any one of claims 1-2 comprises the following steps:

[0010] Step 1: preparing Trichoderma viride;

[0011] Step 2: preparing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi;

[0012] Step 3: uniformly mixing the Trichoderma viride, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and fillers in a certain proportion, and then performing quality inspection to obtain the wheat-specific microbial agent.

[0013] Preferably, the preparation method of the wheat-specific microbial agent according to any one of claims 1-2 comprises the following steps:

[0014] (1) a culture medium composed of wheat bran, soybean meal, glucose and trace elements is inoculated with a Trichoderma viride strain after sterilization, and then cultured at 28°C for 12 hours;

[0015] (2) after 12 hours of fermentation, sterilized Equisetum arvense powder is added at 10% of the total fermentation amount, and then the fermentation is continued until the highest number of Trichoderma viride cells is reached, and then the fermentation is stopped and the powder is crushed for use.

[0016] Preferably, the preparation method of the wheat-specific microbial agent according to any one of claims 1-2 comprises the following steps:

[0017] (1) the culture medium is peat soil, and the host plants are cotton and alfalfa intercropped;

[0018] (2) first, the culture medium is sterilized at high temperature, and then cotton and alfalfa are planted, and one week after germination, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are inoculated. During the period, Hoggland nutrient solution is used for irrigation once a week.

[0019] (3) after 3 months of culture, the number of vesicles in the roots and spores outside the roots is detected, and after the detection is qualified, the aboveground parts are removed, and the plant root system and the medium are harvested together, crushed and used.

[0020] The beneficial effects are that: the use of multiple different types of bacteria for mixing improves the adaptability of the microbial agent, especially the addition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which ensures that microorganisms can still play a good role in harsh soil environments. The Equisetum arvense used in the microbial agent can produce growth-promoting allelochemicals, and the use of specially selected Trichoderma viride for fermentation treatment of Equisetum arvense powder releases and synthesizes growth-promoting allelochemicals, which are safe and efficient. After the use of the special microbial agent, the rhizosphere microenvironment of crops can be improved, the growth of the root system can be promoted, the nutrient absorption can be improved, the use of chemical fertilizers can be reduced, the utilization rate of fertilizers can be effectively improved, there is no pollution and no residue, and the quality and yield of wheat can be improved. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions of the present application are further explained as follows:

[0022] Example 1

[0023] 1. Production process:

[0024] A special fungus agent for wheat comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: Trichoderma viride 30-50 parts, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi 10-20 parts, and a filler to make up 100 parts, wherein the filler comprises at least one of water, amino acid liquid, amino acid powder, kaolin, bentonite, straw powder and organic fertilizer.

[0025] A preparation method of the special fungus agent for wheat comprises the following steps:

[0026] Step 1: preparing Trichoderma viride fungus

[0027] (1) a culture medium composed of wheat bran, soybean meal, glucose and trace elements is sterilized and inoculated with Trichoderma viride strain, and then cultured at a temperature of 28 DEG C for 12 hours;

[0028] (2) after 12 hours of fermentation, sterilized Eupatorium fortunei powder is added at 10% of the total fermentation amount, and then the fermentation is continued until the highest number of Trichoderma viride cells is reached, and then the fermentation is stopped and the product is crushed for use.

[0029] Step 2: preparing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

[0030] (1) the culture medium is peat soil, and the host plants are cotton and alfalfa intercropped;

[0031] (2) first, the culture medium is sterilized at high temperature, and then cotton and alfalfa are planted, and one week after germination, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are inoculated, and during the period, Hoggland nutrient solution is used for irrigation once a week.

[0032] (3) after 3 months of culture, the number of root vesicles and spores outside the roots is detected, and after the detection is qualified, the aboveground parts are removed, and the plant root system and the medium are harvested together, crushed and used.

[0033] Step 3: the Trichoderma viride fungus, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and filler are mixed uniformly in proportion, and then the product is packed after inspection.

[0034] 2. A preparation method of a growth-promoting fungus agent for wheat, which comprises the following steps:

[0035] (1) the following materials are mixed uniformly in proportion,

[0036]

[0037] After the product is prepared, the product is filled after inspection.

[0038] The application is applied to:

[0039] The application is compared with a common Bacillus subtilis agent, and the crop is wheat, and the location is Yichuan County, Luoyang, Henan. The method is as follows: base fertilizer 20 kg / mu.

[0040] The use effect is as follows:

[0041] Treatment regime Yield per mu (kg) Invention + conventional management 1247 Hay bacteria + conventional management 1116 Yield increase rate (%) 11.7

[0042] After using the application, the wheat yield is obviously increased.

[0043] Example two

[0044] 1, the preparation production process of the application is same with example one;

[0045] 2, the application of the application is:

[0046] The application is compared with bacillus subtilis agent, the crop is wheat, the place is Kaifeng Yueshi county in Henan province, the method is as follows: the base fertilizer of wheat is 20kg / mu, and the topdressing is 20kg / mu at the green back period.

[0047] The use effect is as follows:

[0048] Treatment regime Yield per mu (kg) Invention + conventional management 1344 Hay bacteria + conventional management 1220 Yield increase rate (%) 10.2

[0049] After using the application, the wheat yield is obviously increased.

[0050] Example three

[0051] 1, the preparation production process of the application is same with example one;

[0052] 2, the application of the application is:

[0053] The application is compared with bacillus subtilis agent, the crop is wheat, the place is Lankao county in Kaifeng, Henan province, the method is as follows: the base fertilizer of wheat is 20kg / mu, and the topdressing is 20kg / mu at the green back period.

[0054] The use effect is as follows:

[0055] Treatment regime Yield per mu (kg) Invention + conventional management 1433 Hay bacteria + conventional management 1261 Yield increase rate (%) 13.6

[0056] After using the application, the wheat yield is obviously increased.

[0057] When the application is used, the use amount is 20kg per mu, and the application is used as base fertilizer; the application can also be used as topdressing by being scattered. When the application is used as base fertilizer, the application can be mixed with other organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer and then used, and the application is used in cooperation with macroelement, microelement, humic acid fertilizer and amino acid fertilizer, and the application has obvious synergistic effect.

[0058] Trichoderma virens is a kind of Trichoderma, which is widely distributed in nature, often saprophytic in wood, seeds and plant residues. Trichoderma virens can produce a variety of enzymes with biological activity, and the strain producing cellulase with the highest activity, the produced cellulase has a good effect on crop degradation, and Trichoderma virens is a resource-rich antagonistic microorganism, which plays an important role in plant pathological biological control. The present application utilizes Trichoderma virens ZD136 to ferment and treat agrostemma githago L. powder to produce allelochemicals for promoting the growth of wheat.

[0059] Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi live in the roots of living plants, obtaining essential carbohydrates and other substances, but at the same time providing the plant roots with nutrients, enzymes and water required for plant growth, which is a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship. In fact, this symbiosis can also be considered a special parasitic phenomenon, only the degree of parasitism is highly balanced. A large number of tests have shown that inoculating AM fungi on crops can enhance leaf photosynthesis, increase plant carbon nutrition, promote plant growth and increase plant biomass or dry weight.

[0060] Agrostemma githago L. is an annual erect herb of Caryophyllaceae, which grows widely in arid grasslands, wheat fields and weed zones in China and Eastern Europe. In the 1960s, D. Gajic and other scholars from Yugoslavia discovered a unique allelopathy phenomenon: when the weed Agrostemma githago is mixed with wheat, the yield of wheat not only does not decrease, but also can be significantly improved. In the laboratory, the growth of wheat seedlings on agar medium can be significantly stimulated by sterilized Agrostemma githago seedlings. Further studies have shown that the yield of wheat can be significantly increased by adding Agrostemin extracted from seeds per hectare in fertilized and unfertilized fields. The allelopathic active substance, Agrostemin, is identified as a mixture of a series of amino acids, but the specific free amino acid components and proportions have not been reported.

[0061] Working principle: as base fertilizer, it can be used after mixing with other organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer; as topdressing, it can be applied at the seedling stage or germination stage of crops, which can significantly improve the growth of crop roots, promote nutrient absorption, and make the plant grow healthier, increase yield and quality.

[0062] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application.

Claims

1. A wheat-specific bacterial agent, characterized in that, The raw materials include the following quality parts: Trichoderma viride 30%~50% parts, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi 10%~20% parts, and fillers to make up 100%. The preparation method comprises the following steps: Step one: preparing Trichoderma viride; Step two: preparing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; Step three: mixing the Trichoderma viride, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and fillers uniformly according to the proportion, and then performing inspection to obtain a product; The preparation method of step one is as follows: (1) a culture medium composed of wheat bran, soybean meal, glucose and trace elements is inoculated with Trichoderma viride strain after sterilization, and then cultured at 28 DEG C for 12 hours; (2) after fermentation for 12 hours, sterilized Equisetum arvense powder is added according to 10% of the total fermentation amount, and then fermentation is continued until the highest number of Trichoderma viride cells is obtained, and then the fermentation is stopped, and the product is crushed for later use; The preparation method of step two is as follows: (1) the culture medium is peat soil, and the host plants are cotton and alfalfa intercropped; (2) first, the culture medium is sterilized at high temperature, and then cotton and alfalfa are planted, and after seedling, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are inoculated, and during the period, Hoggland nutrient solution is used for irrigation once a week; (3) after 3 months of culture, the number of root vesicles and spores outside the roots is detected, and after the detection is qualified, the aboveground parts are removed, and the plant root system and the medium are harvested together, and then crushed for later use.

2. The bacterial agent of claim 1, wherein the bacterial agent is a Bacillus strain. The fillers include at least one of water, amino acid liquid, amino acid powder, kaolin, bentonite, straw powder and organic fertilizer.

Images