A system for automatic storage and release of hydrogen

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a system for automatic storage and release of hydrogen, which includes a compressor, a temperature control line, a solid hydrogen storage unit, and a hydrogen release main line connected in sequence; the temperature control line includes a hydrogen storage main line and a hydrogen supply main line arranged in parallel; the temperature control line has a first working state and a second working state that can be switched between each other; in the first working state, the pressurized hydrogen outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit through the hydrogen storage main line; in the second working state, the pressurized hydrogen outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit through the hydrogen supply main line; the hydrogen outlet to be released of the solid hydrogen storage unit is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen release main line; the solid hydrogen storage unit includes a plurality of solid hydrogen storage tanks filled with solid hydrogen storage materials. The method of the present disclosure can realize flexible storage and release of hydrogen, with high hydrogen storage density and stable hydrogen supply pressure, and greatly reduce the footprint of the hydrogen storage equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of hydrogen storage, and in particular to a system for automatically storing and releasing hydrogen. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing proportion of low-quality crude oil processed, rising demands for refined oil product quality upgrades, and the accelerating pace of oil conversion industry upgrades, refining and chemical companies are increasingly demanding hydrogen. Hydrogen from renewable energy sources offers significant development potential due to its storability and transportability, making it a flexible energy carrier and low-carbon raw material. However, the instability of "green hydrogen" makes it difficult to provide a continuous and stable hydrogen source, thus failing to meet the operational requirements of industrial processes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a system for automatic storage and release of hydrogen, so as to realize flexible and automatic storage and release of hydrogen and meet the requirements of continuous hydrogen use in industrial equipment.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present disclosure provides a system for automatic storage and release of hydrogen, which includes a compressor, a temperature control pipeline, a solid hydrogen storage unit and a hydrogen release main line connected in sequence; the inlet of the compressor is used to communicate with the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen pipeline network; the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen release main line is used to communicate with the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen pipeline network; the temperature control pipeline includes a hydrogen storage main line and a hydrogen supply main line arranged in parallel; the hydrogen storage main line is provided with a first cooler, and the hydrogen supply main line is provided with a heater; the temperature control pipeline has a first working state and a second working state that can be switched with each other; in the first working state, the pressurized hydrogen outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit through the hydrogen storage main line; in the second working state, the pressurized hydrogen outlet of the compressor is connected to the inlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit through the hydrogen supply main line; the hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen release main line; the solid hydrogen storage unit includes a plurality of solid hydrogen storage tanks filled with solid hydrogen storage material.

[0005] Optionally, the outlet of the temperature control line is connected to the inlets of the plurality of solid hydrogen storage tanks.

[0006] Optionally, each of the solid hydrogen storage tanks is further provided with a temperature detection device; the hydrogen storage main line is further provided with a first regulating valve, the hydrogen supply main line is further provided with a second regulating valve, and the hydrogen release main line is further provided with a third regulating valve and a fourth regulating valve; the temperature detection device is electrically connected to the tank control unit; the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve, the third regulating valve and the fourth regulating valve are electrically connected to the tank control unit; the tank control unit is used to receive the tank temperature signal of the temperature detection device and control the access state of the solid hydrogen storage tank; in the first working state, the tank control unit receives all The control unit receives the tank temperature signals of the solid hydrogen storage tanks, and opens the first regulating valve and the third regulating valve of the solid hydrogen storage tank with the highest temperature until the tank temperature signal stabilizes, closes the first regulating valve and the third regulating valve of the solid hydrogen storage tank, and switches to the next solid hydrogen storage tank; in the second working state, the tank control unit receives the tank temperature signals of all solid hydrogen storage tanks, and opens the inlet and outlet of the second regulating valve and the fourth regulating valve of the solid hydrogen storage tank with the lowest temperature until the tank temperature signal stabilizes, closes the second regulating valve and the fourth regulating valve of the solid hydrogen storage tank, and switches to the next solid hydrogen storage tank.

[0007] Optionally, the solid hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of carbon-based hydrogen storage materials, alloy hydrogen storage materials and complex hydrogen storage materials; the carbon-based hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of activated carbon, carbon nanofibers, graphite nanofibers, carbon nanotubes and metal organic framework hydrogen storage materials; the alloy hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys, titanium-based hydrogen storage alloys, vanadium-based hydrogen storage alloys, rare earth-based hydrogen storage alloys and zirconium-based hydrogen storage alloys; the complex hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of NaAlH4, LiAlH4, NaBH4, LiBH4, MgBH4, Li-AlH4, KAlH4 and Mg(AlH4)2.

[0008] Optionally, the hydrogen storage main line also includes a third temperature detection device and a cooling medium flow regulating valve; the third temperature detection device is arranged at the pipe outlet of the first cooler, and the cooling medium flow regulating valve is arranged at the cooling medium inlet; the hydrogen supply main line also includes a fourth temperature detection device and a heating medium flow regulating valve; the fourth temperature detection device is arranged at the heater outlet, and the heating medium flow regulating valve is arranged at the heating medium inlet; the third temperature detection device and the fourth temperature detection device are electrically connected to the heat exchange control unit; the cooling medium flow regulating valve and the heating medium flow regulating valve are electrically connected to the heat exchange control unit; the heat exchange control unit is used to receive the hydrogen temperature signals of the third temperature detection device and the fourth temperature detection device, and control the opening of the cooling medium flow regulating valve and the heating medium flow regulating valve.

[0009] Optionally, a circulating hydrogen branch line is also provided on the hydrogen release main line; the circulating hydrogen branch line has a switch-on state and a switch-off state; in the switch-on state, the circulating hydrogen branch line is connected to the hydrogen release main line, and the hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen pipeline network and the inlet of the compressor; in the switch-off state, the circulating hydrogen branch line is not connected to the hydrogen release main line, and the hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen pipeline network.

[0010] Optionally, a second cooler and a gas-liquid separator are also provided on the hydrogen release main line; the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is connected to the inlet of the second cooler, the outlet of the second cooler is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator, and the gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen pipeline network.

[0011] Optionally, the hydrogen release main line also includes a heat exchanger; the hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is connected to the tube-side inlet of the heat exchanger; the tube-side outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the second cooler; the pressurized hydrogen outlet of the compressor is connected to the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchanger, and the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the heater.

[0012] Optionally, a pressure detection device is provided at the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen pipeline network; a first flow regulating device and a second flow regulating device are also provided on the temperature control pipeline; the pressure detection device is electrically connected to the hydrogen temperature control unit; the first flow regulating device and the second flow regulating device are electrically connected to the hydrogen temperature control unit; the hydrogen temperature control unit is used to receive the pressure signal of the pressure detection device and control the working state of the temperature control pipeline.

[0013] Optionally, the system further includes a compression control unit electrically connected to the pressure detection device and the compressor, respectively, for receiving a pressure signal from the pressure detection device and adjusting the rotational speed of the compressor.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, hydrogen input from the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen pipeline network enters this system. When the pressure of the input hydrogen is high, the input hydrogen passes through the compressor and the first cooler, allowing the hydrogen to be stored in the solid hydrogen storage tank under low temperature conditions. When the pressure of the input hydrogen is low, the input hydrogen passes through the compressor and the heater, allowing the hydrogen to be released from the solid hydrogen storage tank under high temperature conditions, then leaves the system and enters the hydrogen pipeline network through the hydrogen inlet. This can improve the efficiency and flexibility of hydrogen storage and release, and realize the continuous utilization of green hydrogen industrial equipment. In addition, it can balance the pipeline network pressure and reduce the pressure fluctuation of the hydrogen pipeline network. The hydrogen storage density is high, the hydrogen supply pressure is stable, and the floor space occupied by the hydrogen storage equipment is greatly reduced.

[0015] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following detailed description, they are used to explain the present disclosure but do not constitute a limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen storage and release system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] Description of Reference Numerals

[0019] 1. Solid hydrogen storage tank; 2. Compressor; 3. Heater; 4. First cooler; 5. Second cooler; 6. Control system; 7. Gas-liquid separator; 8. Temperature detection device; 8-11. Third temperature detection device; 8-12. Fourth temperature detection device; 9. Pressure detection device; 10. Heat exchanger; 11. Hydrogen pipeline network; A. First regulating valve; B. Second regulating valve; C. Third regulating valve; D. Fourth regulating valve; V1. First flow regulating device; V2. Second flow regulating device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present disclosure in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0021] In this disclosure, unless otherwise indicated, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" generally refer to the upper and lower positions of a device in normal use. In addition, the terms "first, second, third, and fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first, second, third, and fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this disclosure, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0022] In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a hydrogen storage and release system, which includes a compressor 2, a temperature control pipeline, a solid hydrogen storage unit and a hydrogen release main line that are connected in sequence; the inlet of the compressor 2 is used to communicate with the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen pipeline network 11, so that the input hydrogen generated by the hydrogen pipeline network 11 can enter the system of the present disclosure for storage or transportation; the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen release main line is used to communicate with the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen pipeline network 11, and is used to send the stable external hydrogen passing through the system into the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen pipeline network 11; the temperature control pipeline includes a hydrogen storage main line and a hydrogen supply main line arranged in parallel; the hydrogen storage main line is provided with a first cooler 4, and the hydrogen supply main line is provided with a heater 3; the temperature control pipeline has a structure that can be connected to each other The first working state and the second working state are switched; in the first working state, the pressurized hydrogen outlet of the compressor 2 is connected to the inlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit through the hydrogen storage main line, so that the pressurized hydrogen can enter the solid hydrogen storage unit through the hydrogen storage main line; in the second working state, the pressurized hydrogen outlet of the compressor 2 is connected to the inlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit through the hydrogen supply main line, so that the pressurized hydrogen can enter the solid hydrogen storage unit through the hydrogen supply main line; the hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen release main line, so that the hydrogen from the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit 1 can enter the hydrogen release main line; the solid hydrogen storage unit includes a plurality of solid hydrogen storage tanks 1 filled with solid hydrogen storage material.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, the input hydrogen from the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen pipeline network 11 enters the system. When the pressure of the input hydrogen is high, the input hydrogen passes through the compressor 2 and the first cooler 4, so that the hydrogen is stored in the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 under low temperature conditions; when the pressure of the input hydrogen is low, the input hydrogen passes through the compressor 2 and the heater 3, so that the hydrogen is released from the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 under high temperature conditions, and then leaves the system and enters the hydrogen pipeline network 11 through the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen pipeline network 11; it can improve the efficiency and flexibility of hydrogen storage and release; and, according to the pressure from the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen pipeline network 11, the hydrogen storage unit can be flexibly regulated to store or supply hydrogen, thereby realizing the continuous utilization of green hydrogen industrial equipment. In addition, it can balance the pipeline pressure, reduce the pressure fluctuation of the hydrogen pipeline network 11, have high hydrogen storage density, stable hydrogen supply pressure, and significantly reduce the area occupied by the hydrogen storage equipment.

[0024] The solid hydrogen storage materials used in the present disclosure are conventionally selected in the art and only need to meet the characteristics of strong low-temperature adsorption capacity and strong high-temperature desorption capacity. For example, the solid hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of carbon-based hydrogen storage materials, alloy hydrogen storage materials, and complex hydrogen storage materials. Among them, the carbon-based hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of activated carbon, carbon nanofibers, graphite nanofibers, carbon nanotubes, and metal-organic framework hydrogen storage materials; the alloy hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys, titanium-based hydrogen storage alloys, vanadium-based hydrogen storage alloys, rare earth-based hydrogen storage alloys, and zirconium-based hydrogen storage alloys; and the complex hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of NaAlH4, LiAlH4, NaBH4, LiBH4, MgBH4, Li-AlH4, KAlH4, and Mg(AlH4)2.

[0025] In order to increase the flexibility of the solid hydrogen storage unit in storing and releasing hydrogen, so that the system can cope with the situation where the pressure of the input hydrogen generated by the hydrogen pipeline network 11 suddenly rises, suddenly drops, or rises and falls alternately, the outlet of the temperature control pipeline is connected to the inlet of multiple solid hydrogen storage tanks 1.

[0026] In order to further enhance the flexibility of the solid hydrogen storage unit in storing and releasing hydrogen, it is necessary to ensure that at least one of the solid hydrogen storage tanks 1 is in a hydrogen-lean state and at least one of the solid hydrogen storage tanks 1 is in a hydrogen-rich state. There is no special requirement for the number of solid hydrogen storage tanks 1 in the hydrogen-lean state or the hydrogen-rich state, and it can be appropriately selected according to the properties of the hydrogen pipeline network 11. For example, in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the ratio of the number of solid hydrogen storage tanks 1 in the hydrogen-lean state or the hydrogen-rich state is 1:1.

[0027] In the above embodiment, it can be ensured that when the pressure of hydrogen at the outlet of the hydrogen pipeline 11 suddenly rises or falls, the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 can quickly adsorb or desorb hydrogen, thereby greatly reducing the adverse effects caused by the above phenomenon.

[0028] In one embodiment, a pressure detection device 9 is provided at the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen pipeline network 11. When the pressure signal of the pressure detection device 9 is greater than a set first pressure threshold, the temperature control pipeline is in a first working state; when the pressure signal of the pressure detection device 9 is less than a set second pressure threshold, the temperature control pipeline is in a second working state. The difference between the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold is 0.1 to 1 MPa; the upper and lower pressure thresholds can be set according to the hydrogen in the hydrogen source. For example, in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the first pressure threshold is 2.55 to 2.65 MPa, and the second pressure threshold is 2.35 to 2.45 MPa.

[0029] In one embodiment, each of the solid hydrogen storage tanks 1 is further provided with a temperature detection device 8 .

[0030] In one embodiment, the temperature control pipeline is further provided with a first regulating valve A and a second regulating valve B, wherein the first regulating valve A is arranged at the outlet of the hydrogen storage main line, and the second regulating valve B is arranged at the outlet of the hydrogen supply main line.

[0031] In one embodiment, a third regulating valve C and a fourth regulating valve D are further provided on the hydrogen release main line; wherein, the hydrogen release main line also includes a circulating hydrogen branch line; the third regulating valve C is provided on the circulating branch line, and the fourth regulating valve D is provided on the hydrogen release main line.

[0032] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage main line also includes a third temperature detection device 8-11 and a cooling medium flow regulating valve; the third temperature detection device 8-11 is arranged at the pipe outlet of the first cooler 4, and the cooling medium flow regulating valve is arranged at the cooling medium inlet; the hydrogen supply main line also includes a fourth temperature detection device 8-12 and a heating medium flow regulating valve; the fourth temperature detection device 8-12 is arranged at the outlet of the heater 3, and the heating medium flow regulating valve is arranged at the heating medium inlet.

[0033] In one embodiment, the temperature control pipeline is further provided with a first flow regulating device V1 and a second flow regulating device V2; wherein the first flow regulating device V1 is arranged at the inlet of the hydrogen storage main line, and the second flow regulating device V2 is arranged at the inlet of the hydrogen supply main line.

[0034] In one embodiment, the system further includes a control system 6, which includes a hydrogen temperature control unit, a heat exchange control unit, a compression control unit, and a storage tank control unit. In this embodiment, by adding the control unit 6 to the system, the system can automatically perform hydrogen storage and release operations, and can efficiently adjust the operating state of each device according to changes in the pressure of the input hydrogen, thereby further stabilizing the stability of the externally transmitted hydrogen.

[0035] The electrical connection method of the tank control unit provided in the present disclosure includes: the temperature detection device 8 is electrically connected to the tank control unit; the first regulating valve A, the second regulating valve B, the third regulating valve C, and the fourth regulating valve D are electrically connected to the tank control unit. Through the above connection method, the tank control unit can be used to receive the tank temperature signal from the temperature detection device 8 and control the access status of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, in the first working state, the tank control unit receives the tank temperature signals of all solid hydrogen storage tanks 1 and opens the first regulating valve A and the third regulating valve C of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 with the highest temperature and greater than the first threshold until the tank temperature signal stabilizes. After a delay of 0.5 to 3 hours, the hydrogen storage material reaches saturation when adsorbing hydrogen. The first regulating valve A and the third regulating valve C of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 are closed, and the next solid hydrogen storage tank 1 is switched in descending order of temperature. In the second working state, the tank control unit receives the tank temperature signals of all solid hydrogen storage tanks 1 and opens the second regulating valve B and the fourth regulating valve D of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 with the lowest temperature and less than the second threshold until the tank temperature signal stabilizes. After a delay of 0.5 to 3 hours, the hydrogen storage material reaches equilibrium when releasing hydrogen. The second regulating valve B and the fourth regulating valve D of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 are closed, and the next solid hydrogen storage tank 1 is switched in descending order of temperature. The first threshold is 60 to 300°C, and the second threshold is -10 to 40°C.

[0037] The heat exchange control unit provided in the present disclosure is electrically connected to the third temperature detection device 8-11 and the fourth temperature detection device 8-12, and to the cooling medium flow control valve and the heating medium flow control valve. Through these electrical connections, the heat exchange control unit can receive hydrogen temperature signals from the third temperature detection device 8-11 and the fourth temperature detection device 8-12, and control the openings of the cooling medium flow control valve and the heating medium flow control valve.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, when the hydrogen temperature signal of the third temperature detection device 8-11 is greater than the third threshold, the flow rate of the cooling medium is increased; when it is less than the third threshold, the flow rate of the cooling medium is reduced; when the hydrogen temperature signal of the fourth temperature detection device 8-12 is greater than the fourth threshold, the flow rate of the heating medium is reduced; when it is less than the fourth threshold, the flow rate of the heating medium is increased. The third threshold is -10 to 40°C, and the fourth threshold is 60 to 300°C. Through the above method, the efficiency of subsequent storage or release of hydrogen can be further improved, thereby further increasing the stability of the external hydrogen.

[0039] The electrical connection method of the hydrogen temperature control unit provided in the present disclosure includes: the pressure detection device 9 is electrically connected to the hydrogen temperature control unit; the first flow control device V1 and the second flow control device V2 are electrically connected to the hydrogen temperature control unit. Through this electrical connection, it is possible to receive the pressure signal from the pressure detection device 9 and control the operating state of the temperature control pipeline.

[0040] In one specific embodiment, when the pressure signal is greater than a first pressure threshold, the hydrogen temperature control unit opens the first flow regulating device V1 and closes the second flow regulating device V2, placing the temperature-controlled pipeline in the first operating state. When the pressure signal is less than a second pressure threshold, the hydrogen temperature control unit opens the second flow regulating device V2 and closes the first flow regulating device V1, placing the temperature-controlled pipeline in the second operating state. It should be noted that the hydrogen storage main line and the hydrogen supply main line are not in the operating state at the same time.

[0041] The electrical connection mode of the compression control unit provided in the present disclosure includes: being electrically connected to the pressure detection device 9 and the compressor 2 respectively. Through the above electrical connection, it can be used to receive the pressure signal of the pressure detection device 9 and adjust the speed of the compressor 2.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, when the pressure signal is greater than a first pressure threshold, the compression control unit increases the speed of the compressor 2; when the pressure signal is less than a second pressure threshold, the compression control unit reduces the speed of the compressor 2.

[0043] In one embodiment, a circulating hydrogen branch line is further provided on the hydrogen release main line; the circulating hydrogen branch line has a cut-in state and a cut-out state that can be switched to each other by a third regulating valve C; in the cut-in state, the circulating hydrogen branch line is connected to the hydrogen release main line, and the hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen pipeline 11 and the inlet of the compressor 2, so that a part of the hydrogen obtained from the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is mixed with the input hydrogen as circulating hydrogen, and the other part is sent out as external hydrogen; in the cut-out state, the circulating hydrogen branch line is not connected to the hydrogen release main line, and the hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen pipeline 11, so that all the hydrogen obtained from the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is sent out as the external hydrogen. It should be noted that the standard for determining the working state of the circulation branch line is: when the pressure of the hydrogen at the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen pipeline network 11 is greater than 1-10 MPa, the circulation branch line is in the cut-in state; when the pressure of the hydrogen at the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen pipeline network 11 is less than 1-10 MPa, the circulation branch line is in the cut-out state.

[0044] In one embodiment, a second cooler 5 and a gas-liquid separator 7 are further provided on the hydrogen release main line; the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is connected to the inlet of the second cooler 5, so that the external hydrogen is cooled to 30-50°C through the second cooler 5; the outlet of the second cooler 5 is connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 7, so that the obtained second low-temperature hydrogen is separated into gas and liquid through the gas-liquid separator 7 to obtain external hydrogen that meets the standards of the hydrogen pipeline network 11; the gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator 7 is connected to the terminal hydrogen device, so that the external hydrogen can enter the terminal hydrogen device.

[0045] In one embodiment, the hydrogen release main line also includes a heat exchanger 10; the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 is connected to the tube-side inlet of the heat exchanger 10, so that the outlet hydrogen of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 can enter the heat exchanger 10 for heat exchange; the tube-side outlet of the heat exchanger 10 is connected to the inlet of the second cooler 5, so that the hydrogen after heat exchange can enter the second cooler 5 for further cooling; the pressurized hydrogen outlet of the compressor 2 is connected to the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchanger 10, so that the pressurized hydrogen can enter the shell side of the heat exchanger 10 and heat-exchange with the high-temperature outlet hydrogen after heating; the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger 10 is connected to the inlet of the heater 3, so that the pressurized hydrogen after initial temperature increase can enter the heater 3 in the hydrogen supply main line for further heating.

[0046] In this embodiment, through the above technical solution, the temperature of the pressurized hydrogen can be increased while the temperature of the hydrogen at the outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is reduced, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the device and avoiding energy loss.

[0047] In one embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the control method for automatic storage and release of hydrogen includes:

[0048] When the control unit 6 detects that the pressure of the pressure detection device 9 is higher than the first pressure threshold, wherein the first pressure threshold is 2.55-2.65 MPa;

[0049] S1. Open the first regulating valve A and close the second regulating valve B. After the input hydrogen is pressurized by 0.05-1 MPa through the compressor 2, the pressurized hydrogen is sent to the solid hydrogen storage unit.

[0050] S2, the control unit 6 selects to open the third regulating valve C of the hydrogen storage tank 1 in the hydrogen-deficient state, so that the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 is reduced to -10 ~ 40 ° C. After the temperature remains unchanged, a delay of 0.5h ~ 3h is allowed for the hydrogen storage material to adsorb hydrogen until it is saturated;

[0051] S3, close the first regulating valve A and the third regulating valve C;

[0052] S4. Repeat steps S2 to S3.

[0053] When the control unit 6 detects that the pressure of the pressure detection device 9 is lower than the second pressure threshold, wherein the second pressure threshold is 2.35-2.45 MPa;

[0054] S5. Open the second regulating valve B and close the first regulating valve A. After the input hydrogen is pressurized by 0.05-1 MPa through the compressor 2, the pressurized hydrogen is sent to the solid hydrogen storage unit.

[0055] S6: The control unit 6 opens the fourth regulating valve D of the hydrogen storage tank 1 in the hydrogen-rich state, raising the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 to 60-300°C. After the temperature remains constant, the hydrogen storage material is allowed to decompose hydrogen to equilibrium for 0.5-3 hours.

[0056] S7, close the second regulating valve B and the fourth regulating valve D;

[0057] S8. Repeat steps S6 to S7.

[0058] The present disclosure is further illustrated below by way of examples, but the present disclosure is not limited thereby.

[0059] The hydrogen production device used in the following examples is powered by renewable energy. The hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device has a purity of 99 vol%, wherein the oxygen content is less than 20 ppm, the nitrogen content is less than 1000 ppm, the dew point is less than 15°C, the operating temperature is 40°C, the operating pressure is 2.5 MPa, the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen production device is 2.5 MPa ± 0.5 MPa, and the flow rate is 100000 Nm 3 / h±80000Nm 3 / h.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] Ten solid hydrogen storage tanks 1 are set to be in a hydrogen storage state, and ten solid hydrogen storage tanks 1 are set to be in a hydrogen storage ready state, wherein the first pressure threshold is 2.6 MPa, and the second pressure threshold is 2.4 MPa.

[0062] When the control unit 6 detects that the pressure of the pressure detection device 9 is higher than the first pressure threshold, the input hydrogen is pressurized by 0.2 MPa through the compressor 2, and then the first flow regulating device V1 is opened to cool the obtained pressurized hydrogen through the first cooler 4. The first regulating valve A is opened, the second regulating valve B is closed, and the cooled pressurized hydrogen is sent to the solid hydrogen storage unit; the control unit 6 selects the third regulating valve C of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 with the second regulating valve B and the fourth regulating valve D in the closed state and the temperature of the temperature detection device 8 being the highest to be opened, so that the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 is reduced to -10°C. After the temperature remains unchanged, it is delayed for 2 hours, and the hydrogen storage material adsorbs hydrogen to saturation, and then switches to the next solid hydrogen storage tank 1.

[0063] When the control unit 6 detects that the pressure of the pressure detection device 9 is lower than the second pressure threshold, the input hydrogen is pressurized by 0.3 MPa through the compressor 2, and then the second flow regulating device V2 is opened to heat the obtained pressurized hydrogen through the heater 3. Then, the second regulating valve B is opened, the first regulating valve A is closed, and the heated pressurized hydrogen is sent to the solid hydrogen storage unit; the control unit 6 selects to open the fourth regulating valve D of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 with the first regulating valve A and the third regulating valve C in the closed state and the temperature of the temperature detection device 8 being the lowest, so as to raise the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage tank 1 to 80°C. After the temperature remains unchanged, a delay of 2 hours is allowed to allow the hydrogen storage material to decompose hydrogen to equilibrium; the second regulating valve B and the fourth regulating valve D are closed;

[0064] The external hydrogen in the hydrogen release main line is heated to 60°C in heat exchanger 10 and then cooled to 40°C in second cooler 5 to produce second low-temperature hydrogen. The second low-temperature hydrogen is separated in gas-liquid separator 7, and the gas phase is delivered as external hydrogen to hydrogen pipeline network 11. The pressure of the external hydrogen is 2.5±0.1 MPa.

[0065] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the system disclosed in the present invention can realize the flexible storage and release of hydrogen and the continuous utilization of green hydrogen in industrial equipment; at the same time, it can balance the pipeline pressure, reduce the pressure fluctuation of the hydrogen pipeline network 11, effectively increase the hydrogen storage density, and greatly reduce the footprint of the hydrogen storage equipment.

[0066] The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present disclosure, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0067] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0068] In addition, the various embodiments of the present disclosure may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present disclosure, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A system for automatic storage and release of hydrogen, characterized in that: The system comprises a compressor (2), a temperature control pipeline, a solid hydrogen storage unit and a hydrogen release main line which are connected in sequence; The inlet of the compressor (2) is used to communicate with the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen pipe network (11); the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen release main line is used to communicate with the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen pipe network (11); The temperature control pipeline comprises a hydrogen storage main line and a hydrogen supply main line arranged in parallel; a first cooler (4) is provided on the hydrogen storage main line, and a heater (3) is provided on the hydrogen supply main line; The temperature control pipeline has a first working state and a second working state that can be switched between each other; In the first working state, the pressurized hydrogen outlet of the compressor (2) is connected to the inlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit through the hydrogen storage main line; In the second working state, the pressurized hydrogen outlet of the compressor (2) is connected to the inlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit through the hydrogen supply main line; The hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen release main line; The solid hydrogen storage unit comprises a plurality of solid hydrogen storage tanks (1) filled with solid hydrogen storage material; the outlet of the temperature control pipeline is connected to the inlet of the plurality of solid hydrogen storage tanks (1); Each of the solid hydrogen storage tanks (1) is also provided with a temperature detection device (8); The hydrogen storage main line is further provided with a first regulating valve (A), the hydrogen supply main line is further provided with a second regulating valve (B), and the hydrogen release main line is further provided with a third regulating valve (C) and a fourth regulating valve (D); The temperature detection device (8) is electrically connected to the storage tank control unit; the first regulating valve (A), the second regulating valve (B), the third regulating valve (C) and the fourth regulating valve (D) are electrically connected to the storage tank control unit; The storage tank control unit is used to receive the storage tank temperature signal from the temperature detection device (8) and control the access state of the solid hydrogen storage tank (1); In the first working state, the tank control unit receives the tank temperature signals of all solid hydrogen storage tanks (1), and opens the first regulating valve (A) and the third regulating valve (C) of the solid hydrogen storage tank (1) with the highest temperature until the tank temperature signal stabilizes, closes the first regulating valve (A) and the third regulating valve (C) of the solid hydrogen storage tank (1), and switches to the next solid hydrogen storage tank (1); In the second working state, the tank control unit receives the tank temperature signals of all solid hydrogen storage tanks (1), and opens the second regulating valve (B) and the fourth regulating valve (D) of the solid hydrogen storage tank (1) with the lowest temperature until the tank temperature signal stabilizes, closes the second regulating valve (B) and the fourth regulating valve (D) of the solid hydrogen storage tank (1), and switches to the next solid hydrogen storage tank (1); The hydrogen storage main line further comprises a third temperature detection device (8-11) and a cooling medium flow regulating valve; the third temperature detection device (8-11) is arranged at the pipe outlet of the first cooler (4), and the cooling medium flow regulating valve is arranged at the cooling medium inlet; The hydrogen supply main line further includes a fourth temperature detection device (8-12) and a heating medium flow regulating valve; the fourth temperature detection device (8-12) is arranged at the outlet of the heater (3), and the heating medium flow regulating valve is arranged at the heating medium inlet; The third temperature detection device (8-11) and the fourth temperature detection device (8-12) are electrically connected to the heat exchange control unit; the cooling medium flow regulating valve and the heating medium flow regulating valve are electrically connected to the heat exchange control unit; The heat exchange control unit is used to receive hydrogen temperature signals from the third temperature detection device (8-11) and the fourth temperature detection device (8-12), and control the opening of the cooling medium flow control valve and the heating medium flow control valve; A pressure detection device (9) is provided at the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen pipe network (11); a first flow regulating device (V1) and a second flow regulating device (V2) are also provided on the temperature control pipeline; The pressure detection device (9) is electrically connected to the hydrogen gas temperature control unit; the first flow regulating device (V1) and the second flow regulating device (V2) are electrically connected to the hydrogen gas temperature control unit; The hydrogen temperature control unit is used to receive the pressure signal of the pressure detection device (9) and control the working state of the temperature control pipeline.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The solid hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of carbon-based hydrogen storage materials, alloy hydrogen storage materials and complex hydrogen storage materials; The carbon-based hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of activated carbon, carbon nanofibers, graphite nanofibers, carbon nanotubes and metal organic framework hydrogen storage materials; The alloy hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of magnesium hydrogen storage alloys, titanium hydrogen storage alloys, vanadium hydrogen storage alloys, rare earth hydrogen storage alloys and zirconium hydrogen storage alloys; The complex hydrogen storage material is selected from one or more of NaAlH4, LiAlH4, NaBH4, LiBH4, MgBH4, Li-AlH4, KAlH4 and Mg(AlH4)2.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The hydrogen release main line includes a hydrogen release main line and a circulating hydrogen branch line; The circulating hydrogen branch line has a switch-on state and a switch-off state that can be switched between each other; In the cut-in state, the circulating hydrogen branch line is connected to the hydrogen release main line, and the hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen pipe network (11) and the inlet of the compressor (2); In the cut-out state, the circulating hydrogen branch line is not connected to the hydrogen release main line, and the hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen pipe network (11).

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The hydrogen release main line is also provided with a second cooler (5) and a gas-liquid separator (7); The outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is communicated with the inlet of the second cooler (5), the outlet of the second cooler (5) is communicated with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator (7), and the gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (7) is communicated with the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen pipe network (11).

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that The hydrogen release main line also includes a heat exchanger (10); The hydrogen outlet of the solid hydrogen storage unit is in communication with the tube-side inlet of the heat exchanger (10); the tube-side outlet of the heat exchanger (10) is in communication with the inlet of the second cooler (5); The pressurized hydrogen outlet of the compressor (2) is in communication with the heat exchange medium inlet of the heat exchanger (10), and the heat exchange medium outlet of the heat exchanger (10) is in communication with the inlet of the heater (3).

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The system also includes a compression control unit, which is electrically connected to the pressure detection device (9) and the compressor (2), respectively, and is used to receive the pressure signal from the pressure detection device (9) and adjust the rotation speed of the compressor (2).

Images