Application of hydrofluoroolefins in two-phase immersion cooling systems

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of refrigeration technology, and provides the application of hydrofluorocarbon compounds in a two-phase immersion cooling system. The five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound and / or the six-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound used in the present invention have high latent heat of vaporization (≥105KJ / Kg), a phase change temperature in the range of 30 to 80°C, high heat dissipation efficiency, and can meet the application requirements of the two-phase immersion cooling system; further, the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound and / or the six-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound used in the present invention have good environmental protection, an ODP value (ozone depletion factor) of 0, and a GWP value (global warming factor) of less than 300.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of liquid cooling, and in particular to the application of hydrofluorocarbon compounds in a two-phase immersion cooling system. Background Art

[0002] Data centers are one of my country's important infrastructures. As the industry continues to expand, market revenue increases year by year, and electricity consumption increases day by day. In the data centers currently in operation in my country, the heat dissipation and cooling systems are mainly air-cooled, with low energy utilization and great energy-saving potential. It is imperative to develop new green and energy-efficient data center heat dissipation and cooling technologies. At present, heat dissipation and cooling technology needs to solve two problems. First, the heat generation of the equipment increases, and the cooling capacity of the heat dissipation and cooling system needs to be improved accordingly to achieve a match between heat generation and heat transfer rates; second, the energy utilization efficiency is low, and it is necessary to develop green and energy-efficient heat dissipation and cooling technologies with industrial application prospects.

[0003] Immersion liquid cooling is a typical direct contact liquid cooling method, which immerses the heat-generating electronic components in the refrigerant. Since the heat-generating components are in direct contact with the refrigerant in all directions, the heat dissipation efficiency of immersion liquid cooling is higher than that of traditional air cooling. At present, immersion liquid cooling is mainly divided into two-phase liquid cooling and single-phase liquid cooling. In single-phase immersion liquid cooling, the coolant always remains in liquid state during the circulation heat dissipation process without phase change; in two-phase immersion liquid cooling, the heat transfer efficiency of the liquid is exponentially improved through the boiling and condensation process of the coolant. The electronic components are directly immersed in the coolant, and the coolant takes away the heat of the electronic components and then undergoes phase change and vaporization. The gaseous coolant is condensed by other equipment and becomes liquid again. Since the coolant undergoes phase change, the heat transfer efficiency of two-phase liquid cooling is very high and has great development prospects.

[0004] The coolant used in two-phase immersion liquid cooling must not only meet the requirements of liquid cooling, but also have a low boiling point, and absorb heat by phase change within the stable operating range of IT equipment, using the latent heat of phase change to absorb heat. At present, most cooling media on the market are short-chain fluorides, such as FC-72, Novec-649, HFE-7100 or HT-55. However, the heat dissipation effect of these short-chain fluorides needs to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides the application of hydrofluorocarbon compounds in a two-phase immersion cooling system. The present invention applies five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compounds and / or six-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compounds to a two-phase immersion cooling system, which has good heat dissipation performance and good environmental protection.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] Application of hydrofluorocarbon compounds in a two-phase immersion cooling system, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon compounds are five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compounds and / or six-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compounds; the latent heat of vaporization of the hydrofluorocarbon compounds is ≥105KJ / kg;

[0008] The hexahydrofluorocarbon compound is one or more of the compounds shown in the following chemical formula: C6HF 11 、C6H2F 10 , C6H3F9, C6H4F8, C6H5F7, C6H6F6, C6HF9, C6H2F8, C6H3F7;

[0009] The chemical formula is C6H2F 10 The structure of the hexahydrofluorocarbon compound is one or more of the following structures:

[0010]

[0011] Preferably, the ODP value of the hydrofluorocarbon compound is 0 and the GWP value is less than 300.

[0012] Preferably, the phase transition temperature of the hydrofluorocarbon compound is 30-80°C.

[0013] Preferably, the pentahydrofluorocarbon compound is one or more of the compounds represented by the following chemical formulas: C5HF9, C5H2F8, C5H3F7, C5H4F6, C5HF7, C5H2F6.

[0014] Preferably, the structure of the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C5HF9 is one or more of the following structures:

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] The structure of the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C5H2F8 is one or more of the following structures:

[0018]

[0019] The structure of the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C5H3F7 is one or more of the following structures:

[0020]

[0021] The structure of the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C5H4F6 is one or more of the following structures:

[0022]

[0023] The structure of the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C5HF7 is one or more of the following structures:

[0024]

[0025] The structure of the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C5H2F6 is one or more of the following structures:

[0026]

[0027] Preferably, the chemical formula is C6HF 11 The structure of the hexahydrofluorocarbon compound is one or more of the following structures:

[0028]

[0029] The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H3F9 is one or more of the following structures:

[0030]

[0031] The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H4F8 is one or more of the following structures:

[0032]

[0033] The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H5F7 is one or more of the following structures:

[0034]

[0035] The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H6F6 is one or more of the following structures:

[0036]

[0037] The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6HF9 is one or more of the following structures:

[0038]

[0039] The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H2F8 is one or more of the following structures:

[0040]

[0041] The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H3F7 is one or more of the following structures:

[0042]

[0043] Preferably, the application is adding the hydrofluorocarbon compound into a coolant tank of the two-phase immersion cooling system.

[0044] Preferably, the hydrofluorocarbon compound is used in combination with an auxiliary agent, and the auxiliary agent includes an antioxidant; the added amount of the auxiliary agent is 0.01 to 0.5% of the mass of the hydrofluorocarbon compound.

[0045] Preferably, when the hydrofluorocarbon compound is used, the heating element is completely immersed.

[0046] Preferably, the two-phase immersion cooling system includes a chip cooling system, a server cooling system, a supercomputing data center cooling system or a new energy vehicle thermal management system.

[0047] The present invention provides an application of a hydrofluorocarbon compound in a two-phase immersion cooling system, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon compound is a five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound and / or a six-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound; the latent heat of vaporization of the hydrofluorocarbon compound is ≥105KJ / kg; the six-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound is one or more of the compounds represented by the following chemical formula: C6HF 11 、C6H2F 10 , C6H3F9, C6H4F8, C6H5F7, C6H6F6, C6HF9, C6H2F8, C6H3F7; the chemical formula is C6H2F 10 The structure of the hexahydrofluorocarbon compound is shown above. The five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound and / or the hexahydrofluorocarbon compound used in the present invention has a high latent heat of vaporization, a phase change temperature in the range of 30 to 80°C, a high heat dissipation efficiency, and can meet the application requirements of the two-phase immersion cooling system; further, the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound and / or the hexahydrofluorocarbon compound used in the present invention has good environmental protection, an ODP value (ozone depletion index) of 0, and a GWP value (greenhouse effect index) of less than 300. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present invention provides the use of a hydrofluorocarbon compound in a two-phase immersion cooling system, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon compound is a five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound and / or a six-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound; the latent heat of vaporization of the hydrofluorocarbon compound is ≥105KJ / kg;

[0049] The chemical formula of the hexahydrofluorocarbon compound is: C6HF 11 、C6H2F 10 , C6H3F9, C6H4F8, C6H5F7, C6H6F6, C6HF9, C6H2F8 or C6H3F7;

[0050] The chemical formula is C6H2F 10 The structure of the hexahydrofluorocarbon compound is one or more of the following structures:

[0051]

[0052] The present invention has no special requirements for the structure of the two-phase immersion cooling system, and it can adopt the structure familiar to those skilled in the art. Specifically, the two-phase immersion cooling system at least includes a coolant tank and a condenser, and the heat dissipation element is placed in the coolant tank, and the coolant immerses the heat dissipation element; the condenser is used to condense the gas phase coolant into a liquid phase, and the coolant condensed into a liquid phase returns to the coolant tank by gravity, without the need to provide additional circulation power. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the two-phase immersion cooling system preferably includes a chip heat dissipation system, a server heat dissipation system, a supercomputing data center heat dissipation system, or a new energy vehicle thermal management system.

[0053] In the present invention, the ODP value of the hydrofluorocarbon compound is 0, and the GWP value is less than 300, preferably less than 200, more preferably less than 100, and most preferably less than 20. The ODP value of the hydrofluorocarbon compound used in the present invention is 0, indicating that it will not harm the ozone layer, and the GWP value is less than 300, indicating that its greenhouse effect is small; therefore, the hydrofluorocarbon compound used in the present invention has an environmental advantage.

[0054] In the present invention, the phase transition temperature of the hydrofluorocarbon compound is preferably 30 to 80°C.

[0055] In the present invention, the pentahydrofluorocarbon compound is one or more of the compounds represented by the following chemical formulas: C5HF9, C5H2F8, C5H3F7, C5H4F6, C5HF7, C5H2F6.

[0056] In the present invention, the structure of the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C5HF9 is one or more of the following structures:

[0057]

[0058] The structure of the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C5H2F8 is one or more of the following structures:

[0059]

[0060] The structure of the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C5H3F7 is one or more of the following structures:

[0061]

[0062] The structure of the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C5H4F6 is one or more of the following structures:

[0063]

[0064] The structure of the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C5HF7 is one or more of the following structures:

[0065]

[0066] The structure of the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C5H2F6 is one or more of the following structures:

[0067]

[0068] In the present invention, the chemical formula is C6HF 11 The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound is one or more of the following structures:

[0069]

[0070] The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H3F9 is one or more of the following structures:

[0071]

[0072] The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H4F8 is one or more of the following structures:

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H5F7 is one or more of the following structures:

[0076]

[0077] The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H6F6 is one or more of the following structures:

[0078]

[0079] The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6HF9 is one or more of the following structures:

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H2F8 is one or more of the following structures:

[0083]

[0084] The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H3F7 is one or more of the following structures:

[0085]

[0086] The present invention has no requirements on the sources of the above-mentioned five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound and the six-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound. The above-mentioned compounds available on the market can be used, or they can be prepared by methods well known to those skilled in the art.

[0087] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound and the six-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound can be used alone. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the hydrofluorocarbon compound represented by Formula 4, Formula 5, Formula 6, Formula 28, Formula 29, Formula 46, Formula 48, Formula 50, Formula 55 or Formula 66 is used alone, which has a good heat dissipation effect; at least two of them can also be used in combination. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the hydrofluorocarbon compounds represented by Formula 6 and Formula 15 can be used in combination. The mass ratio of the hydrofluorocarbon compounds represented by Formula 6 and Formula 15 is preferably (80-85): ( 15~20), more preferably 81.5:18.5; or the hydrofluorocarbon compounds represented by Formula 28 and Formula 50 are used in combination, the mass ratio of the hydrofluorocarbon compounds represented by Formula 28 to those represented by Formula 50 is preferably (20~30):(70~80), more preferably 26.2:73.8; or the hydrofluorocarbon compounds represented by Formula 16 and Formula 66 are used in combination, the mass ratio of the hydrofluorocarbon compounds represented by Formula 16 to those represented by Formula 66 is preferably (72~78):(22~28), more preferably 77.6:22.4, the mixture obtained after the combination has high heat dissipation efficiency and good cooling effect.

[0088] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the hydrofluorocarbon compound can also be used in combination with an auxiliary agent, the auxiliary agent includes an antioxidant, and the antioxidant is preferably one or more of HW-5057, TSA-011, HN-150 and AO-80; the addition amount of the auxiliary agent is preferably 0.01 to 0.5% of the mass of the hydrofluorocarbon compound.

[0089] In the present invention, the hydrofluorocarbon compound is specifically used as a coolant for a two-phase immersion cooling system. When used, the hydrofluorocarbon compound is added to the coolant tank of the two-phase immersion cooling system, and the hydrofluorocarbon compound completely immerses the heating element, and achieves cooling and temperature reduction through phase change; the phase change is: the liquid phase hydrofluorocarbon compound absorbs the heat generated when the heating element is working and evaporates into a gas phase, and the gas phase condenses and then changes to a liquid phase. The hydrofluorocarbon compound used in the present invention absorbs the heat generated when the heating element is working and evaporates, taking away the heat of the heating element to achieve the purpose of cooling and temperature reduction, and the temperature of the heating element can be maintained below 65°C for stable operation.

[0090] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0091] Example 1

[0092] The hydrofluorocarbon compound with the structure shown in Formula 4 is used as the coolant, and its phase change temperature is 51.5° C., the latent heat of vaporization is 115.5 KJ / kg, and the GWP value is <20.

[0093] It was added to the coolant tank of the two-phase immersion cooling system, and the rack-mounted server Dell R750XS was immersed in the coolant and operated continuously for 48 hours to observe the temperature changes of the CPU components.

[0094] Embodiments 2 to 13

[0095] Other conditions are the same as those in Example 1, except that the hydrofluorocarbon compound is replaced, as shown in Table 1.

[0096] Comparative Examples 1 to 4

[0097] Other conditions were the same as those in Example 1, except that commercially available FC-72, HT-55, Novec-7000, and Novec-7100 were used as coolants.

[0098] Comparative Example 5

[0099] The other conditions are the same as those in Example 1, except that a coolant is not used and a fan is used for air cooling.

[0100] Table 1 Refrigeration effect test results

[0101]

[0102] In Table 1: in the composition of Formula 6 + Formula 15, the mass ratio of the hydrofluorocarbon compounds represented by Formula 6 and Formula 15 is 81.5:18.5; in the composition of Formula 28 + Formula 50, the mass ratio of the hydrofluorocarbon compounds represented by Formula 28 and Formula 50 is 26.2:73.8; in the composition of Formula 16 + Formula 66, the mass ratio of the hydrofluorocarbon compounds represented by Formula 16 and Formula 66 is 77.6:22.4.

[0103] According to the data in Table 1, it can be seen that the hydrofluorocarbon compound of the present invention is used as a coolant in a two-phase immersion cooling system, which can stably control the operating temperature of electronic components within a relatively low range, and the effect is significantly better than commercially available FC-72, HT-55, Novec-7000, Novec-7100 and air cooling. In addition, the hydrofluorocarbon compound of the present invention has a low GWP value and good environmental protection.

[0104] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Application of hydrofluorocarbon compounds in a two-phase immersion cooling system, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon compounds are five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compounds and / or six-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compounds; the latent heat of vaporization of the hydrofluorocarbon compounds is ≥105KJ / kg; The hexahydrofluorocarbon compound is one or more of the compounds shown in the following chemical formula: C6HF 11 、C6H2F 10 , C6H3F9, C6H4F8, C6H5F7, C6H6F6, C6HF9, C6H2F8, C6H3F7; The chemical formula is C6H2F 10 The structure of the hexahydrofluorocarbon compound is one or more of the following structures: The five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound is one or more of the compounds represented by the following chemical formulas: C5H2F8, C5H4F6, C5HF7, C5H2F6; The structure of the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C5H2F8 is one or more of the following structures: The structure of the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C5H4F6 is one or more of the following structures: The structure of the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C5HF7 is one or more of the following structures: The structure of the five-carbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C5H2F6 is one or more of the following structures: The chemical formula is C6HF 11 The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound is one or more of the following structures: The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H3F9 is one or more of the following structures: The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H4F8 is one or more of the following structures: The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H5F7 is one or more of the following structures: The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H6F6 is one or more of the following structures: The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6HF9 is one or more of the following structures: The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H2F8 is one or more of the following structures: The structure of the hexacarbon hydrofluorocarbon compound with the chemical formula C6H3F7 is one or more of the following structures: Or the hydrofluorocarbon compound is a combination of compounds having structures represented by Formula 16 and Formula 66; When the hydrofluorocarbon compound is used, the heating element is completely immersed.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ODP value of the hydrofluorocarbon compound is 0, and the GWP value is less than 300.

3. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The phase transition temperature of the hydrofluorocarbon compound is 30-80°C.

4. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application is adding the hydrofluorocarbon compound into the coolant tank of the two-phase immersion cooling system.

5. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrofluorocarbon compound is used in combination with an auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent includes an antioxidant; the addition amount of the auxiliary agent is 0.01-0.5% of the mass of the hydrofluorocarbon compound.

6. The use according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two-phase immersion cooling system includes a chip cooling system, a server cooling system, a supercomputing data center cooling system or a new energy vehicle thermal management system.

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