Screening method of selenium-rich high-yield peanut core germplasm

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of peanut variety creation and breeding, and particularly relates to a screening method of selenium-rich high-yield peanut core germplasm. The screening method comprises the following steps: using a selenium solution to culture peanut seeds to be screened, using peanut seeds to be screened cultured by sterile water as a control, screening peanut seeds with root length higher than the control by more than 10%, and obtaining selenium-sensitive peanut seeds; after sowing the selenium-sensitive peanut seeds, performing selenium treatment, using corresponding selenium-sensitive peanut seeds cultured by sterile water as a control, after one week of selenium treatment, screening peanut seeds with plant height and aboveground dry matter weight higher than the corresponding control, and obtaining selenium-rich peanut germplasm; sowing the selenium-rich peanut germplasm, using Zhonghua No. 16 as a control, screening peanut seeds with pod yield per plant higher than the control at the mature stage, and obtaining selenium-rich high-yield peanut core germplasm. The present application has the advantages of low cost, quantification, repeatability, high efficiency and easy implementation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of peanut variety creation and breeding, and particularly relates to a screening method of a selenium-rich high-yield peanut core germplasm. BACKGROUND

[0002] Selenium is a trace nutrient element necessary for human survival and is known as the "cancer king" and "longevity element". The selenium-rich industry is a health industry, an ecological industry and a sunrise industry, and has a very broad development prospect. 51% of the land in China is low in selenium or lacks selenium. Soil selenium gradually migrates from plants to human bodies through a food chain, and the selenium content in agricultural products directly reflects the daily selenium intake level of human bodies. Therefore, daily consumption of selenium-rich food can greatly improve the daily selenium intake of Chinese residents, and thus the selenium-rich food has a huge market demand.

[0003] Peanuts have very high nutritional value, contain 44%-54% plant fat and 24%-36% plant protein easy to digest, contain eight kinds of amino acids necessary for human bodies, and are rich in calcium, iron, phosphorus, nuclein and protein and other nutrient elements, and also contain vitamins A, B, E and K necessary for human bodies. Peanuts are usually considered in traditional Chinese medicine to have the effects of reducing blood pressure and blood lipids, regulating the spleen and stomach, supplementing qi and blood, and stopping bleeding. The selenium content in agricultural products is crucial to human health, and with the development of social culture and popularization of scientific knowledge, people gradually realize that consumption of selenium-rich agricultural products is the most scientific and healthy way of selenium supplementation. In 1988, the Chinese Nutrition Society listed "selenium" as one of the 15 kinds of dietary nutrients necessary for Chinese residents every day, and proposed the recommended standard of 60-400 micrograms of selenium intake per day for Chinese residents. However, the current average daily selenium intake of Chinese people is 36 micrograms, which is far lower than the recommended standard recommended by the Chinese Nutrition Society. Therefore, the screening of the core germplasm of selenium-rich peanuts is an important measure to further increase the planting area of peanuts, ensure the safety of plant edible oil supply and the scarcity of nutritional elements, and is also an important way to promote efficient use of resources, improve economic benefits of production and realize sustainable development of peanuts.

[0004] In the current screening of selenium-rich peanut germplasm, the selenium or organic selenium content of peanuts is determined by planting the peanuts in selenium-rich soil, sampling and measuring the mature peanuts, and then comparing the selenium or organic selenium content of different peanut germplasm. The germplasm with high selenium or organic selenium content is considered to be a selenium-rich peanut germplasm. However, this screening method needs to determine the selenium or organic selenium content of a large number of peanut germplasms, and usually needs to be screened by planting in multiple locations, which has a long cycle, high determination cost and inconsistent screening results in different planting locations, thereby hindering the improvement of the screening efficiency of selenium-rich peanut varieties. SUMMARY

[0005] The application aims to provide a screening method of selenium-rich high-yield peanut core germplasm.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application provides the following solutions.

[0007] The application provides a screening method of selenium-rich high-yield peanut core germplasm, comprising the following steps.

[0008] S1. The selenium solution is used to culture the peanut seeds to be screened, and the peanut seeds to be screened cultured by sterile water are used as a control, the peanut seeds with a root length higher than the control by 10% are screened, and selenium-sensitive peanut seeds are obtained; the concentration of selenium in the selenium solution is 4 mu M; and the dosage of the selenium solution is 2.5 mL per seed;

[0009] S2. After the selenium-sensitive peanut seeds are sown, selenium treatment is performed, and the corresponding selenium-sensitive peanut seeds cultured by sterile water are used as a control, the peanut seeds with a plant height and an above-ground dry matter weight higher than the corresponding control are screened after one week of selenium treatment, and selenium-rich peanut germplasm is obtained.

[0010] S3. The selenium-rich peanut germplasm is sown, Zhonghua No. 16 is used as a control, the peanut seeds with a single plant pod yield higher than the control at the mature stage are screened, and selenium-rich high-yield peanut core germplasm is obtained.

[0011] Preferably, in step S2, when the selenium treatment is performed, the concentration of selenium in the selenium solution used is 4 mu M; and the dosage of the selenium solution is 5 mL per plant.

[0012] Preferably, in step S2, the peanut seeds with a plant height higher than the corresponding control by more than 10% and an above-ground dry matter weight higher than the corresponding control by more than 10% are screened.

[0013] Preferably, in step S2, the selenium content in the seeds of the selenium-rich peanut germplasm is 0.15 mg / kg-0.5 mg / kg.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, the peanut seeds to be screened are obtained through surface disinfection and seed soaking catalysis.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the peanut seeds with a single plant pod yield higher than the control by more than 5% at the mature stage are screened.

[0016] Preferably, in step S1, the culture time is 15 d, and the temperature is 25 DEG C.

[0017] Preferably, in step S2, the selenium treatment time is the 21st day after sowing.

[0018] The application discloses the following technical effects:

[0019] The application provides a screening method of selenium-rich high-yield peanut core germplasm, comprising the following steps: S1. Culturing the peanut seeds to be screened by using a selenium solution, taking the peanut seeds to be screened cultured by using sterile water as a control, screening the peanut seeds with a root length higher than the control by more than 10%, and obtaining selenium-sensitive peanut seeds; the concentration of selenium in the selenium solution is 4 μM; the dosage of the selenium solution is 2.5 mL per seed; S2. After sowing the selenium-sensitive peanut seeds, selenium treatment is performed, taking the corresponding selenium-sensitive peanut seeds cultured by using sterile water as a control, after one week of selenium treatment, screening the peanut seeds with a plant height and aboveground dry matter weight higher than the corresponding control, and obtaining selenium-rich peanut germplasm; S3. Sowing the selenium-rich peanut germplasm, taking Zhonghua No. 16 as a control, screening the peanut seeds with a single plant pod yield higher than the control at the mature stage, and obtaining selenium-rich high-yield peanut core germplasm. The application determines the minimum selenium treatment concentration and volume of selenium high / low absorption peanuts, obtains selenium-rich high-yield peanut core germplasm that can be directly applied to production, has the advantages of low cost, quantification, repeatability, high efficiency and easy implementation, and is a selenium-rich peanut variety creation and breeding scheme that can be directly applied to production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 Figure is the phenotype diagram of selenium differential germplasm without selenium treatment (treated by sterile water);

[0022] Figure 2 Figure is the phenotype diagram of selenium differential germplasm treated by 0.1 μM selenium solution;

[0023] Figure 3 Figure is the phenotype diagram of selenium differential germplasm treated by 0.5 μM selenium solution;

[0024] Figure 4 Figure is the phenotype diagram of selenium differential germplasm treated by 1 μM selenium solution;

[0025] Figure 5 Figure is the phenotype diagram of selenium differential germplasm treated by 2 μM selenium solution;

[0026] Figure 6 Figure is the phenotype diagram of selenium differential germplasm treated by 4 μM selenium solution;

[0027] Figure 7 Figure is the phenotype diagram of selenium differential germplasm treated by 8 μM selenium solution;

[0028] Figure 8 Flow chart of the screening method;

[0029] wherein, Figures 1-7 The selenium-rich No. 1 in the formula is Tianfu No. 23, and the low-selenium No. 1 is Heyou 1409. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The application provides a screening method for a selenium-rich high-yield peanut core germplasm, which comprises the following steps, which can be referred to Figure 8 :

[0031] S1. The selenium solution is used to culture the peanut seeds to be screened, and the peanut seeds to be screened cultured with sterile water are used as a control, the peanut seeds with a root length higher than the control by more than 10% are screened, and selenium-sensitive peanut seeds are obtained; the concentration of selenium in the selenium solution is 4 μM; and the dosage of the selenium solution is 2.5 mL per seed.

[0032] S2. After the selenium-sensitive peanut seeds are sown, selenium treatment is performed, and the corresponding selenium-sensitive peanut seeds cultured with sterile water are used as a control, after one week of selenium treatment, the peanut seeds with a plant height and aboveground dry matter weight higher than the corresponding control are screened, and selenium-rich peanut germplasm is obtained.

[0033] S3. The selenium-rich peanut germplasm is sown, and Zhonghua No. 16 is used as a control, the peanut seeds with a single plant pod yield higher than the control at the mature stage are screened, and selenium-rich high-yield peanut core germplasm is obtained.

[0034] In the application, the selenium solution is used to culture the peanut seeds to be screened, and the peanut seeds to be screened cultured with sterile water are used as a control, the peanut seeds with a root length higher than the control by more than 10% are screened, and selenium-sensitive peanut seeds are obtained; the concentration of selenium in the selenium solution is 4 μM; and the dosage of the selenium solution is 2.5 mL per seed. In the application, the culture time is 15 days, and the temperature is 25 DEG C. In the application, the peanut seeds to be screened are preferably obtained through surface sterilization and seed soaking catalysis. The application does not have any limitation on the mode of surface sterilization and seed soaking catalysis, and any mode well known to those skilled in the art can be used.

[0035] Before the selenium solution is used to culture the peanut seeds to be screened, the concentration of the selenium solution is preferably screened. The specific steps of the screening are preferably as follows: after the known selenium-rich germplasm and selenium-low-absorption germplasm are cultured for 21 days, the selenium-rich germplasm and the selenium-low-absorption germplasm are irrigated with 0.1 μM, 0.5 μM, 1 μM, 2 μM, 4 μM and 8 μM selenium solution respectively, and the selenium-rich germplasm and the selenium-low-absorption germplasm treated with sterile water are used as controls; after irrigation for one week, the plant height and the above-ground dry matter weight of different treatments are measured; when the plant height and the above-ground dry matter weight of the high selenium-rich germplasm Tianfu 23 treated with the selenium solution are both more than 10% higher than those of the low selenium-rich germplasm Heyou 1409 treated with the selenium solution, it is determined that the selenium solution with the concentration is the lowest selenium solution treatment concentration for the selenium-rich germplasm to significantly accumulate selenium; in the specific embodiment of the present application, it is determined that the selenium solution with the concentration of 4 μM is the lowest selenium solution treatment concentration for the selenium-rich germplasm to significantly accumulate selenium. In the present application, the light period of the culture is 16 h / 8 h, that is, the light is on for 16 h and the dark is for 8 h. In the present application, the selenium-rich germplasm includes Tianfu 23, Heyou 77, Guihua 21 or Ganhua 6; the selenium-low-absorption germplasm includes Heyou 1409, Huayu 17, Ganhua 10 or Ganhua 11.

[0036] After the selenium-sensitive peanut seeds are obtained, the selenium-sensitive peanut seeds are sown, and selenium treatment is performed, with the corresponding selenium-sensitive peanut seeds cultured with sterile water as a control; after the selenium treatment for one week, the peanut seeds with the plant height and the above-ground dry matter weight higher than those of the corresponding control are screened to obtain selenium-rich peanut germplasm; preferably, the peanut seeds with the plant height more than 10% higher than that of the corresponding control and the above-ground dry matter weight more than 10% higher than that of the corresponding control are screened to obtain selenium-rich peanut germplasm; more preferably, the peanut seeds with the plant height more than 10% higher than that of the corresponding control and the above-ground dry matter weight more than 10% higher than that of the corresponding control are screened, and the screened peanut seeds are planted in the field to obtain selenium-rich peanut germplasm. In the present application, the time of the selenium treatment is preferably the 21st day after sowing. In the present application, the concentration of selenium in the selenium solution used for the selenium treatment is 4 μM; the dosage of the selenium solution is 5 mL / plant. In the present application, the selenium content in the seeds of the selenium-rich peanut germplasm is preferably 0.15 mg / kg-0.5 mg / kg.

[0037] After the selenium-rich peanut germplasm is obtained, the selenium-rich peanut germplasm is sown, with Zhonghua 16 as a control, the peanut seeds with the yield per plant at the mature stage higher than that of the control are screened to obtain selenium-rich high-yield peanut core germplasm, and more preferably, the peanut seeds with the pod yield per plant at the mature stage more than 5% higher than that of the control are screened to obtain selenium-rich peanut core germplasm.

[0038] The various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail, which should not be considered as limiting the present application, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics and embodiments of the present application.

[0039] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present application. Additionally, for a range of values of, for example, a parameter, an individual value from the range can be expressly disclosed herein and / or clearly implied, for example, from the description of the parameter in the same aspect, and / or in any other aspect, in the description of the application. All individual values of the parameter and all sub-ranges thereof are expressly disclosed as being within the scope of the application. This application also contemplates combinations of the individual values of the parameter and all sub-ranges thereof. The disclosure of each range is specifically incorporated into this application and made part of the application by this incorporation by reference.

[0040] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. Although preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present application. All documents mentioned herein are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe in full the methods and / or materials which are described therein. In the case of conflict between the present specification and any document incorporated by reference, the present specification will control.

[0041] Many modifications and variations of the present application described in the specification are possible without departing from the scope or spirit of the application. Other embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the application disclosed herein. The specification and examples are illustrative only.

[0042] As used herein, the terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes", "including", "has", "having", "contains", "containing", or variations thereof, are intended to be open-ended and do not limit the object to which the terms are applied to only the features or components that follow the terms.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] On September 13, 2021, known selenium-rich germplasm (Tianfu 23) and low-selenium-absorbing germplasm (Heyou 1409) were selected, planted in 10 cm * 10 cm small pots, 4 plants per pot, and 16 h light / 8 h dark culture for 21 days. Then 20 mL of 4 μM sodium selenite solution was poured, and three parallel tests were conducted. Tianfu 23 and Heyou 1409 have been disclosed in the article "Screening of Natural Selenium-rich Peanut Germplasm Resources".

[0045] Comparative Example 1

[0046] The same as the steps of Example 1, the only difference is that the irrigation concentration is sterile water, and the same batch of seeds as Example 1 is used.

[0047] Comparative Example 2

[0048] The same as the steps of Example 1, the only difference is that the irrigation concentration is 0.1 μM sodium selenite solution, and the same batch of seeds as Example 1 is used.

[0049] Comparative Example 3

[0050] The same as the step of Example 1, the difference is only that the irrigation concentration of sodium selenite solution is 0.5 μM, and the same batch of seeds as used in Example 1 is used.

[0051] Comparative Example 4

[0052] The same as the step of Example 1, the difference is only that the irrigation concentration of sodium selenite solution is 1 μM, and the same batch of seeds as used in Example 1 is used.

[0053] Comparative Example 5

[0054] The same as the step of Example 1, the difference is only that the irrigation concentration of sodium selenite solution is 2 μM, and the same batch of seeds as used in Example 1 is used.

[0055] Comparative Example 6

[0056] The same as the step of Example 1, the difference is only that the irrigation concentration of sodium selenite solution is 8 μM, and the same batch of seeds as used in Example 1 is used.

[0057] The plant height and above-ground dry matter weight of the plants in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-6 are determined after one week of treatment, and the determination results are shown in Table 1 and Figures 1-7 , to determine the minimum selenium treatment concentration for significant selenium accumulation in the selenium high-accumulation germplasm.

[0058] Table 1 Determination results of plant height and above-ground dry matter weight of plants in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-6

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] As shown in Table 1 and Figures 1-7 , when the selenium solution is 4 μM, the plant height and above-ground dry matter weight of the germplasm Tianfu 23 are both more than 10% higher than those of Heyou 1409, and it is determined that the selenium solution of 4 μM is the minimum selenium treatment concentration for significant selenium accumulation in the selenium-rich germplasm.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] (1) Selenium-sensitive material screening: On May 6, 2022, full seed of self-owned or introduced peanut germplasm or line was selected, and the peanut varieties selected in this embodiment are shown in Table 2. After surface disinfection, seed soaking and catalysis, the peanut seeds were cultured in a petri dish with a 4 μM sodium selenite solution to root, and sterile water treatment was used as a control. Each petri dish contained 20 peanut seeds, and the amount of selenium solution used was 50 ml for a 12 cm square plastic box. Each treatment was performed in triplicate. The culture temperature was 25°C, and the culture time was 15 days. Peanut seeds with root length 10% longer than the corresponding control were selected, and the detection results are shown in Table 2. Among them, the root length of Heye 77, Guihua 21 and Ganhua No. 6 was significantly longer than that of the corresponding control peanut seeds, i.e., selenium-sensitive peanut seeds were obtained;

[0064] Table 2 Root length of different seeds

[0065] Variety name Root length (cm) treated with selenium Root length (cm) of control Relative decrease / increase (%) of control Heiyou 77 2.14 1.75 22.29 Guihua 21 1.98 1.71 15.79 Ganhua No. 6 1.87 1.66 12.65 Huayu 17 1.69 1.68 0.60 Ganhua No. 10 1.74 1.68 3.57 Ganhua No. 11 1.77 1.72 2.91 .

[0066] (2) Selenium-rich peanut germplasm screening: On September 28, 2022, the selenium-sensitive peanut seeds obtained in step (1) were planted in 10 cm x 10 cm plastic small pots, and Huayu 17, Ganhua No. 10 and Ganhua No. 11 were used as experimental references. Each variety was planted in 4 pots, and each pot contained 4 plants. After 21 days of 16 h light / 8 h dark culture, 20 mL of 4 μM sodium selenite solution was poured into two pots, and 20 mL of sterile water solution was poured into the other two pots as a control. One week later, the plant height and aboveground dry matter weight were measured, and the difference between the plant height and aboveground dry matter weight of the selenium solution treatment and the sterile water control was calculated for each variety. The difference was more than 10% higher than the control, and the difference was more than 10% higher than the control. The selenium-rich peanut germplasm was obtained, and the detection results are shown in Table 3. Among them, Heye 77, Guihua 21 and Ganhua No. 6 were selenium-rich peanut germplasm;

[0067] Table 3 Plant height and aboveground dry matter weight of plants treated with different varieties

[0068] .

[0069] (3) Determination of selenium-rich peanut germplasm: On April 19, 2023, the materials screened in step (2) were conventionally planted in the field, and Huayu 17, Ganhua No. 10 and Ganhua No. 11 were used as experimental references. After the mature period, the seeds were surface disinfected, dried, ground, and digested, and the selenium content of the seeds was measured. The selenium content of 0.15 mg / kg-0.5 mg / kg was selected as the selenium-rich peanut germplasm, and the detection results are shown in Table 4. Among them, Heye 77, Guihua 21 and Ganhua No. 6 were selenium-rich peanut germplasm;

[0070] Table 4 Selenium content of peanut seeds of different varieties

[0071] Variety name Selenium content (mg / kg) Heiyou 77 0.22 Guihua 21 0.21 Ganhua No. 6 0.20 Huayu 17 0.07 Ganhua No. 10 0.11 Ganhua No. 11 0.09 .

[0072] (4) Determination of selenium-rich high-yield peanut application core germplasm: On April 19, 2023, the selenium-rich peanut germplasm determined in step (3) and the control variety Zhonghua 16 were planted in the field in a conventional centralized manner, and Huayu 17, Ganhua 10 and Ganhua 11 were used as experimental references. At the mature stage, the materials with a single pod yield of more than 5% higher than the control Zhonghua 16 were determined as the selenium-rich high-yield peanut application core germplasm, and the comprehensive resistance and quality traits were better than the control variety. The results are shown in Table 5. Although the yield of Huayu 17 and Ganhua 10 was higher than 5% compared with the control Zhonghua 16, the selenium content of their seeds was less than 0.15 mg / kg. Therefore, the selenium-rich high-yield peanut application core variety was determined as Ganhua 6.

[0073] Table 5 Yield of peanut pods

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] Meanwhile, Zhonghua 16 was used as a control to detect the selenium content of peanut seeds of Ganhua 6 after maturation. The specific results are shown in Table 6.

[0077] Table 6 Selenium content of peanut seeds harvested in the field

[0078] Variety name Selenium content (mg / kg) Ganhua No. 6 0.20 Zhonghua No. 16 (control) 0.069

[0079] As can be seen from Table 6, the selenium-rich peanut varieties selected by the example of the present application have a selenium content of the harvested peanut seeds higher than the control in the field planting experiment. It can be seen that the screening result of the technical scheme of the present application is accurate and efficient.

[0080] As can be seen from the above, the screening method described in the present application has the advantages of low cost, quantification, repeatability, high efficiency and easy implementation, and can be directly applied to the creation and breeding of selenium-rich peanut varieties.

[0081] The above-described examples only describe the preferred modes of the present application and do not limit the scope of the present application. Without departing from the design spirit of the present application, various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for screening selenium-rich high-yield peanut core germplasm, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1. Culturing the peanut seeds to be screened with a selenium solution, taking the peanut seeds to be screened cultured with sterile water as a control, screening the peanut seeds with a root length higher than the control by more than 10%, and obtaining selenium-sensitive peanut seeds; the concentration of selenium in the selenium solution is 4 μM; and the dosage of the selenium solution is 2.5 mL per seed; S2. After sowing the selenium-sensitive peanut seeds, selenium treatment is performed, taking the corresponding selenium-sensitive peanut seeds cultured with sterile water as a control, screening the peanut seeds with a plant height higher than the corresponding control by more than 10% and an above-ground dry matter weight higher than the corresponding control by more than 10% after one week of selenium treatment, and obtaining selenium-enriched peanut germplasm; the selenium content in the seeds of the selenium-enriched peanut germplasm is 0.15 mg / kg-0.5 mg / kg; S3. Sowing the selenium-enriched peanut germplasm, taking Zhonghua No. 16 as a control, screening the peanut seeds with a mature period single pod yield higher than the control by more than 5%, and obtaining selenium-enriched high-yield peanut core germplasm.

2. The screening method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, when the selenium treatment is performed, the concentration of selenium in the selenium solution used is 4 μM; and the dosage of the selenium solution is 5 mL per plant.

3. The screening method according to claim 1, characterized by, In step S1, the peanut seeds to be screened are obtained through surface disinfection and seed soaking catalysis.

4. The screening method according to claim 1, characterized by, In step S1, the culturing time is 15 d, and the temperature is 25℃.

5. The screening method according to claim 1, wherein, In step S2, the selenium treatment time is the 21st day after sowing.

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