Extrusion die

Abstract

The application discloses an extrusion die, which comprises an extrusion cylinder, a die support, a die body, a die pad, an extrusion front ring and an extrusion rear ring arranged in sequence, the middle part of the die pad, the extrusion front ring and the extrusion rear ring is provided with an inner cavity, the cross-sectional dimension of the inner cavity is larger than the die hole dimension of the die body, the cross-sectional dimension of the inner cavity of the extrusion rear ring gradually decreases from the first end to the second end, and the end face of the first end or the second end of the extrusion rear ring is in abutment with the extrusion front ring. The extrusion die provided by the application can be suitable for circular, rectangular and special-shaped die holes by processing the inner cavity of the extrusion rear ring into a tapered inner cavity, the step structure between the extrusion rear ring and the extrusion front ring is avoided, and the damage of the workpiece is avoided; the front and back surfaces of the extrusion rear ring can be used, the selection can be made according to the size of the extruded material, the application range is wide, the extrusion rear ring and other extrusion dies are more accurate in the die body, and the extrusion rear ring can be directly processed from the existing extrusion rear ring, and the processing cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of extrusion equipment, and in particular to an extrusion die. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the commonly used die hole shapes for extrusion back rings are relatively simple, mostly circular or rectangular. Extrusion back rings are large, heavy, and costly, resulting in limited production quantities in factories. A single die hole size can be used for dozens or even hundreds of workpieces, demonstrating strong versatility. However, if producing extruded workpieces with special shapes, dedicated back rings are often required. These dedicated back rings are only suitable for a specific workpiece, have relatively complex die hole shapes, are highly specific to a particular type of workpiece, have high manufacturing costs, and limited applicability.

[0003] In existing technologies, such as Figure 1 As shown, the assembly sequence of an extrusion die is die body, extrusion pad, and extrusion ring, with the die hole size increasing progressively. The extrusion ring not only ensures the strength of the die body and the workpiece size but also serves as the necessary passageway for the workpiece extrusion process. However, in existing technologies, the die hole shape of the extrusion ring is relatively uniform, mostly circular or rectangular; and the number of extrusion rings installed in the factory is approximately 20, with the largest die hole sizes being φ670 (circular) and 650×140 (rectangular). This is mostly suitable for extrusion bars, bars, and profiles with an outer circumference of less than φ600mm. Due to the limited number of specifications, during production, the die hole size of the extrusion ring is often much larger than that of the die body, resulting in insufficient tool fitting accuracy, which may negatively impact the lifespan of the die body and the workpiece size. Furthermore, when producing special workpieces, such as some ultra-large and ultra-wide new workpieces, it is difficult to find an extrusion ring with a suitable die hole size when fitting extrusion rings according to existing specifications. Moreover, due to the large size, heavy weight, and high cost of the extrusion ring, fitting one extrusion ring for each specification would lead to a significant increase in cost.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the applicability of extrusion dies is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an extrusion die that can effectively improve the applicability and reduce the risk of workpiece breakage.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] An extrusion die includes an extrusion cylinder, a die support, a die body, a die pad, a front extrusion ring, and a rear extrusion ring arranged in sequence. The die pad, the front extrusion ring, and the rear extrusion ring each have an inner cavity in their middle. The cross-sectional dimension of the inner cavity is larger than the die hole size of the die body. The cross-sectional dimension of the inner cavity of the rear extrusion ring gradually decreases from a first end to a second end. The end face of either the first end or the second end of the rear extrusion ring abuts against the front extrusion ring.

[0008] Preferably, the inner cavity of the extruded ring is conical.

[0009] Preferably, the mold hole of the mold body is cylindrical or tubular, and the cross-section of the mold hole is annular, circular or square.

[0010] Preferably, the inner diameter of the mold pad is 2-12 mm larger than the diameter of the mold cavity.

[0011] Preferably, the inner diameter of the front extrusion ring and the rear extrusion ring is 6-20 mm larger than the inner diameter of the mold pad.

[0012] Preferably, the mold support, the mold body, the mold pad, the front extrusion ring, and the rear extrusion ring are all cylindrical.

[0013] Preferably, the periphery of the mold support, the mold body, the mold pad, the front extrusion ring, and the rear extrusion ring are all provided with circumferential limiting grooves for circumferential positioning with the extrusion equipment, and limiting keys are installed in the limiting grooves.

[0014] Preferably, the front extrusion ring has a first cavity at one end away from the rear extrusion ring, and a second cavity at one end of the front extrusion ring near the rear extrusion ring. The first cavity and the second cavity are connected, and the cross-sectional dimension of the second cavity is larger than that of the first cavity. In the axial projection direction of the front extrusion ring, the second cavity covers the first cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the first cavity is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the mold hole of the mold body, and the cross-section of the second cavity is circular.

[0016] Preferably, the cross-sectional dimension of the inner cavity of the extruded rear ring near the extruded front ring is larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the second cavity of the extruded front ring.

[0017] The extrusion die provided by this invention includes an extrusion cylinder, a die support, a die body, a die pad, a front extrusion ring, and a rear extrusion ring arranged in sequence. Each of the die pad, the front extrusion ring, and the rear extrusion ring has an inner cavity in its middle. The cross-sectional dimension of the inner cavity is larger than the die hole size of the die body. The cross-sectional dimension of the inner cavity of the rear extrusion ring gradually decreases from a first end to a second end. One end face of the rear extrusion ring, either the first or the second end, abuts against the front extrusion ring. The extrusion die provided by this invention, by machining the inner cavity of the rear extrusion ring into a conical shape, is applicable to circular, rectangular, and irregularly shaped die holes, avoiding the stepped structure between the rear and front extrusion rings and preventing workpiece damage. The rear extrusion ring can be used on both sides and can be selected according to the size of the extruded material, making it widely applicable and allowing for more precise matching with other extrusion die bodies such as the middle extrusion ring. Furthermore, it can be directly machined from existing rear extrusion rings, resulting in low processing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of an extrusion die in the prior art;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the front extrusion ring and the rear extrusion ring in the extrusion die provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure when the extruded ring is placed in the reverse direction.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Left view of the compressed ring shown;

[0023] Wherein: 1-extrusion cylinder; 2-die support; 3-die body; 4-die pad; 5-extrusion front ring; 5-1-first cavity; 5-2-second cavity; 6-extrusion rear ring; 6-1-conical surface. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The core of this invention is to provide an extrusion die that has a wide range of applications, good processing quality, and low cost.

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 2 to 4 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the front extrusion ring and the rear extrusion ring in the extrusion die provided by the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure when the extruded ring is placed in the reverse direction. Figure 4 for Figure 3 The left view of the compressed ring is shown.

[0027] In this embodiment, the extrusion die includes an extrusion cylinder 1, a die support 2, a die body 3, a die pad 4, a front extrusion ring 5, and a rear extrusion ring 6 arranged in sequence. The die pad 4, the front extrusion ring 5, and the rear extrusion ring 6 are all provided with an inner cavity in the middle. The cross-sectional size of the inner cavity is larger than the die hole size of the die body 3. The cross-sectional size of the inner cavity of the rear extrusion ring 6 gradually decreases from the first end to the second end. The end face of either the first end or the second end of the rear extrusion ring 6 abuts against the front extrusion ring 5.

[0028] Specifically, extrusion dies refer to tools or die bodies 3 that are directly related to the extrusion deformation of the workpiece and are easily damaged or require frequent replacement during the extrusion process, excluding vulnerable parts of the equipment itself and tools used for equipment maintenance and repair. The extrusion rear ring 6 is part of a large extrusion die and is used behind the die pad 4 to enhance the strength of the die body 3 and the die pad 4. On large extrusion presses, especially when extruding complex and difficult-to-extrude workpieces, special shims must be used. Shims are generally divided into extrusion front ring 5, extrusion middle ring, and extrusion rear ring 6, whose inner diameter is basically similar to the inner cavity shape of the die pad 4. The inner cavity size of the rear shim is slightly larger than that of the front shim. In this application, the inner cross-section of the extruded ring 6 is processed into a gradient structure to form a conical surface 6-1, that is, one end face has a small die hole size and the other end face has a large die hole size, which is inclined and transitioned along the thickness direction of the extruded ring 6 to avoid the formation of a step between the inner cavities of the extruded ring 5 and the extruded ring 6; the extruded ring 6 can be used on both sides, and a suitable end can be selected according to the size of the workpiece. Since the inner cavity of the extruded ring 6 is sloped, it will not obstruct the workpiece when it is extruded.

[0029] The extrusion die provided by this invention, by machining the inner cavity of the extrusion ring 6 into a conical inner cavity, can be applied to circular, rectangular and irregularly shaped die holes, avoiding the stepped structure between the extrusion ring 6 and the extrusion front ring 5, thus avoiding damage to the workpiece; both sides of the extrusion ring 6 can be used, and can be selected according to the size of the extruded material, with a wide range of applications, making the extrusion ring 6 more accurately matched with other extrusion die bodies 3 such as the extrusion middle ring; moreover, it can be directly machined from existing extrusion rings 6, with low processing costs.

[0030] In some embodiments, the inner cavity of the extruded ring 6 is conical, which facilitates processing, has a wide range of applications, and does not obstruct the movement of the workpiece.

[0031] In some embodiments, the die body 3 has a cylindrical or tubular die hole, and the cross-section of the die hole is annular, circular or square. That is to say, the extrusion die can process tubular, rod-shaped or square workpieces to meet different processing requirements.

[0032] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the die pad 4 is 2-12 mm larger than the diameter of the die cavity. Furthermore, the inner diameters of the extrusion front ring 5 and the extrusion rear ring 6 are 6-20 mm larger than the inner diameter of the die pad 4. Specifically, the die body 3 for pipes, rods, and strips has a simple structure, and the selection of the corresponding die pad 4 and extrusion ring is also easy; universal die pads 4 and extrusion rings are used. First, the required specifications of the die body 3 are determined according to the requirements of the production card. The external dimensions of the die body 3 determine the external dimensions of the die pad 4. Then, based on the die hole size of the die body 3, adding 2-12 mm to the die hole size gives the inner cavity size of the die pad 4. After selecting the die pad 4, the extrusion ring is selected. The inner cavity size of the extrusion ring is generally 6-20 mm larger than the inner cavity size of the die pad 4. Due to the special cross-section of the profile, the die pad 4 and extrusion ring for profile dies are mostly dedicated die pads 4 and extrusion rings. Therefore, when selecting mold pad 4 and washer ring, first select according to the washer ring number. For the same type of mold body 3, mold pad 4, and washer ring, their numbers should be consistent. If several profile molds with similar cross-sections need to be matched with mold pad 4 and washer ring, first carefully check the cross-sectional structure and several main dimensions of the profile on the drawing. Then select mold pad 4 and washer ring with similar geometric shapes and slightly larger inner cavity dimensions.

[0033] In some embodiments, the die support 2, die body 3, die pad 4, front extrusion ring 5, and rear extrusion ring 6 are all cylindrical to facilitate assembly with the extrusion equipment.

[0034] In some embodiments, the periphery of the die support 2, die body 3, die pad 4, front extrusion ring 5, and rear extrusion ring 6 are all provided with circumferential limiting grooves for circumferential positioning with the extrusion equipment, and limiting keys are installed in the limiting grooves. Specifically, by setting the limiting grooves and limiting keys, circumferential rotation of the die support 2, die body 3, die pad 4, front extrusion ring 5, and rear extrusion ring 6 can be prevented during operation, thereby ensuring the machining accuracy of the workpiece.

[0035] In some embodiments, the end of the front extrusion ring 5 facing away from the rear extrusion ring 6 has a first cavity 5-1, and the end of the front extrusion ring 5 near the rear extrusion ring 6 has a second cavity 5-2. The first cavity 5-1 and the second cavity 5-2 are connected, and the cross-sectional dimension of the second cavity 5-2 is larger than that of the first cavity 5-1. In the axial projection direction of the front extrusion ring 5, the second cavity 5-2 covers the first cavity 5-1. Specifically, the first cavity 5-1 of the front extrusion ring 5 contacts the die pad 4. The workpiece exiting the die pad 4 first passes through the first cavity 5-1 of the front extrusion ring 5, and then enters the second cavity 5-2 of the front extrusion ring 5. Setting the cross-sectional dimension of the second cavity 5-2 to be larger than that of the first cavity 5-1 can avoid the second cavity 5-2 interfering with the movement of the workpiece and ensure that the workpiece is extruded smoothly.

[0036] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the first cavity 5-1 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the mold hole in the mold body 3, and the cross-section of the second cavity 5-2 is circular. Specifically, since the workpiece exiting the mold pad 4 enters the first cavity 5-1, setting the cross-sectional shape of the first cavity 5-1 to be the same as the cross-sectional shape of the mold hole in the mold body 3, and the cross-sectional size of the first cavity 5-1 being slightly larger than the mold hole size of the mold body 3, can restrict the metal flow of the workpiece and prevent workpiece deformation.

[0037] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional dimension of the inner cavity of the rear extrusion ring 6 near the front extrusion ring 5 is larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the second cavity 5-2 of the front extrusion ring 5. This arrangement is to avoid the formation of a step towards the front extrusion ring 5 between the front extrusion ring 5 and the rear extrusion ring 6, thereby preventing the step from obstructing the workpiece and affecting the forming of the workpiece.

[0038] In one specific embodiment, the extrusion die has a conical inner cavity in the extrusion ring 6. When producing a certain ultra-large extruded material, the factory has limited specifications for the extrusion ring 6. Only the extrusion ring 6 closest to the workpiece specification can be selected. This may result in unsuitable cavity dimensions of the die body 3, die pad 4, and pad ring, leading to poor matching and affecting the workpiece size and output smoothness. Taking the production of a 610*50mm ultra-wide strip as an example, the production cycle of this strip is short. In order to ensure timely supply, the existing mold body 3 and pad ring can only be used for production. In the first round of production, the inner cavity of the strip with the extrusion ring is a 680*270mm rectangle + φ750mm circle, and the inner cavity of the extrusion ring 6 is φ655mm. The inner diameter of the extrusion ring 6 is smaller than that of the circular inner cavity of the extrusion ring. After extrusion, the workpiece passes smoothly through the mold and the ring. However, when passing through the extrusion ring 6, because its inner cavity is smaller than that of the circular inner cavity of the extrusion ring, there is a step in the transition zone. If the workpiece is slightly bent, it is easy to get stuck on the step, which will cause serious consequences such as scrapping the workpiece and stopping the work. According to the design concept of this application, one end of the φ655mm inner cavity in the existing extrusion ring 6 is enlarged to φ750mm, transitioning with the φ655mm ramp. The inner cavity of the extrusion ring 6 is transformed into a φ655mm-φ750mm conical shape. The end of the extrusion ring 6 with a diameter of φ750mm is connected to the circular inner cavity of the extrusion ring with a diameter of φ750mm. In this way, the extrusion ring 6 is smoothly transitioned after assembly, without any steps, and the workpiece can pass smoothly after extrusion.

[0039] This extrusion die mainly changes the extrusion back ring 6, one of the important tools in extrusion, from the existing conventional circular or rectangular cavity to a conical inner cavity. This solves the problem of the unsmooth extrusion channel for workpieces with existing size limits in the factory, enabling them to be extruded smoothly. By using an extrusion back ring 6 with a conical surface 6-1, it is possible to select an existing specification of extrusion back ring 6 for processing. The processing is simple, does not incur new costs, has no adverse impact on production, and can be widely applied to various specifications. This invention has strong practicality and innovation.

[0040] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0041] The extrusion die provided by this invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. An extrusion die characterized by, The extrusion die comprises extrusion cylinder (1), die support (2), die body (3), die pad (4), extrusion front ring (5) and extrusion rear ring (6) arranged in sequence, the middle part of the die pad (4), the extrusion front ring (5) and the extrusion rear ring (6) is provided with an inner cavity, the cross-sectional size of the inner cavity is larger than the die hole size of the die body (3), and the cross-sectional size of the inner cavity of the extrusion rear ring (6) gradually decreases from the first end to the second end, and the end face of the first end or the second end of the extrusion rear ring (6) is in abutment with the extrusion front ring (5).

2. The extrusion die of claim 1, wherein The inner cavity of the extrusion rear ring (6) is conical.

3. The extrusion die of claim 1, wherein The die hole of the die body (3) is cylindrical or tubular, and the cross section of the die hole is circular ring, circle or square.

4. The extrusion die of claim 1, wherein The inner cavity diameter of the die pad (4) is 2-12mm larger than the diameter of the die hole.

5. The extrusion die of claim 4, wherein, The inner cavity diameter of the extrusion front ring (5) and the extrusion rear ring (6) is 6-20mm larger than the inner cavity diameter of the die pad (4).

6. The extrusion die of claim 1, wherein The die support (2), the die body (3), the die pad (4), the extrusion front ring (5) and the extrusion rear ring (6) are all cylindrical.

7. The extrusion die of claim 6, wherein, The peripheral part of the die support (2), the die body (3), the die pad (4), the extrusion front ring (5) and the extrusion rear ring (6) is provided with a circumferential limiting groove for extrusion equipment, and a limiting key is installed in the limiting groove.

8. The extrusion die of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein The end of the extrusion front ring (5) away from the extrusion rear ring (6) is provided with a first cavity (5-1), and the end of the extrusion front ring (5) close to the extrusion rear ring (6) is provided with a second cavity (5-2), the first cavity (5-1) and the second cavity (5-2) are communicated, the cross-sectional size of the second cavity (5-2) is larger than that of the first cavity (5-1), and in the axial projection direction of the extrusion front ring (5), the second cavity (5-2) covers the first cavity (5-1).

9. The extrusion die of claim 8, wherein, The cross-sectional shape of the first cavity (5-1) is the same as that of the die hole of the die body (3), and the cross section of the second cavity (5-2) is circular.

10. The extrusion die of claim 9, wherein, The cross-sectional size of the inner cavity of the extrusion rear ring (6) close to the extrusion front ring (5) is larger than that of the second cavity (5-2) of the extrusion front ring (5).

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