Photothermal Coupling Catalytic Sewage Treatment Device and Treatment Method

Abstract

The present invention provides a photothermal coupling catalytic sewage treatment device and a treatment method, belonging to the technical field of photothermal photocatalysis. In order to solve the problems that when the existing photothermal sewage treatment system uses solar energy to collect heat and realize the purification treatment of water, the floor area is relatively large, and when only using photothermal technology, the transmission and utilization effect of sunlight is poor, affecting the sewage treatment effect. It includes a central light pipe and a scattering medium layer, a catalytic reaction layer, and a photothermal reaction layer sequentially arranged outside the central light pipe. The light is scattered to the photothermal reaction layer through the scattering medium layer, and the photothermal coupling technology is used to provide high temperature for the catalytic reaction layer and sewage, improve the efficiency of the catalytic reaction, and enhance the sewage treatment effect. By combining the principles of photothermal coupling and catalytic reaction, efficient water purification and heating are achieved, and the energy utilization efficiency is improved; the scattering medium layer is used to uniformly disperse light energy and heat energy, thereby optimizing the energy transfer efficiency; and the device has a simple structure and is convenient to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photothermal photocatalysis, and in particular, to a photothermal coupled catalytic sewage treatment device and a treatment method. Background Art

[0002] Due to the high energy consumption and high cost of sewage treatment, in recent years, a solar sewage treatment system that uses solar energy as an energy source to treat sewage has emerged. That is, a solar photovoltaic device is set in a sewage treatment system (a sewage treatment system generally includes sewage treatment equipment and a sewage treatment tank) to provide the required electric energy and heat energy for the sewage treatment system. Solar energy is regarded as a highly potential and efficient energy source by various countries because it is inexhaustible and clean and pollution-free. However, when using solar energy for sewage treatment, especially when using photothermal technology for sewage treatment, due to the low energy flux density of solar energy and the fact that most of it will be lost during the capture and transmission of sunlight, the sewage treatment efficiency is low when using solar energy alone. In addition, it is difficult to achieve the required temperature rise effect by simply using solar energy, and generally, an external power supply needs to be used in combination, which cannot effectively reduce the investment cost. Moreover, the required site is large, which is relatively difficult and inconvenient for the case of a large amount of water to be treated.

[0003] Existing patents such as the sewage treatment method and device based on light energy (application number: CN201910662379.5) include a porous material for adsorbing and transporting the sewage to be treated; a photothermal conversion layer for converting light energy into heat energy and converting water molecules in the sewage to be treated into a gaseous state; wherein, the photothermal conversion layer is located on the surface of the porous material. The steam generator made by depositing carbon nanotubes on the porous material can effectively achieve the efficient and clean separation of sewage under the action of light energy, and the steam generator has excellent separation stability and good renewable performance. However, the role of solar energy is also to use photothermal to achieve the evaporation and separation of water, and the required site is also large.

[0004] Existing patents such as a photocatalytic sewage degradation reaction device (application number: CN201910404634.6) include a photocatalytic reactor; the photocatalytic reactor includes a photothermal catalytic device and a photovoltaic-thermal component; the photothermal catalytic device is arranged on the photovoltaic-thermal component, one end of the photothermal catalytic device is provided with a first inlet, the other end is provided with a first outlet, one end of the photovoltaic-thermal component is provided with a second inlet, and the other end is provided with a second outlet; the first outlet is connected to the first inlet of the heat exchange device, and the first outlet of the heat exchange device is connected to the first inlet of the photocatalytic reactor through a photocatalytic water tank; the second outlet of the photocatalytic reactor is connected to the second inlet of the heat exchange device, and the second outlet of the heat exchange device is connected to the second inlet of the photocatalytic reactor through a photovoltaic-thermal system water tank. By utilizing different bands of sunlight and exciting the photocatalyst by the ultraviolet and partial visible light in sunlight, through the photothermal synergy effect and the electrocatalytic effect, the efficiency of the photocatalytic reaction is greatly improved. However, when the photocatalytic reactor used conducts photothermal conversion, the collection, transmission and utilization effects of sunlight are poor, resulting in a low conversion efficiency and a poor sewage treatment effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is:

[0006] When the existing photothermal sewage treatment system uses solar energy to collect heat and realize the purification treatment of water, the floor area is relatively large, and when only using photothermal technology, the transmission and utilization effects of sunlight are poor, affecting the sewage treatment effect.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problem:

[0008] The present invention provides a photothermal coupling catalytic sewage treatment device, including a central light pipe, a scattering medium layer, a catalytic reaction layer and a photothermal reaction layer.

[0009] The scattering medium layer, the catalytic reaction layer and the photothermal reaction layer are sequentially arranged outside the central light pipe. The central light pipe is used for guiding light and providing light energy. The scattering medium layer is used for dispersing the heat energy and light energy of the light provided by the central light pipe. The catalytic reaction layer is used for realizing the degradation of pollutants in sewage. The photothermal reaction layer is used for heating sewage and the catalytic reaction layer through the photothermal coupling effect.

[0010] Further, the scattering medium layer is an optical fiber scattering medium layer.

[0011] Further, the catalytic reaction layer includes a plurality of catalytic reaction layer units, and the plurality of catalytic reaction layer units are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the scattering medium layer.

[0012] Further, the catalytic reaction layer is a film-like catalytic reaction layer.

[0013] Further, the catalytic reaction layer is a titanium dioxide catalytic reaction layer.

[0014] Further, the photothermal reaction layer is a titanium nitride nanoparticle photothermal reaction layer.

[0015] Further, a support layer is further included. The support layer is a columnar frame structure and is disposed between the central light tube and the scattering medium layer, between the scattering medium layer and the catalytic reaction layer, and between the catalytic reaction layer and the photothermal reaction layer.

[0016] A treatment method for a photothermal coupling catalytic sewage treatment device includes the following steps:

[0017] Connect a light source to the central light tube of at least one sewage treatment device through a light guide tube. The sewage inlet flow channels are respectively connected to the sewage inlets of several sewage treatment devices, and the sewage outlets of several sewage treatment devices are all connected to the sewage outlet flow channel, for scattering light to the photothermal reaction layer through the scattering medium layer, converting light energy into heat energy by using the photothermal coupling technology, providing the high-temperature conditions required for the catalytic reaction and heating the sewage, so that the catalytic reaction layer can efficiently degrade the sewage.

[0018] Further, the light source is connected to sewage treatment devices with at least two different catalysts provided, for jointly treating sewage.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] The photothermal coupling catalytic sewage treatment device and treatment method of the present invention include a central light tube and a scattering medium layer, a catalytic reaction layer, and a photothermal reaction layer sequentially arranged outside the central light tube. Light is scattered to the photothermal reaction layer through the scattering medium layer, and the photothermal coupling technology is used to provide high temperature for the catalytic reaction layer and the sewage, improve the efficiency of the catalytic reaction, and enhance the sewage treatment effect;

[0021] The photothermal coupling catalytic sewage treatment device and treatment method of the present invention combine photothermal coupling and catalytic reaction together, realizing efficient water purification and heating. Through reasonable design and structure, the purification and temperature rise of sewage can be stably realized; that is, light is guided to the photothermal reaction layer through the scattering medium layer to realize photothermal energy coupling. This structure can realize efficient photothermal conversion and catalytic reaction in a relatively small space, solving the problem of large floor area of the traditional system; by using the photothermal coupling technology, light energy is converted into heat energy and this heat energy is provided to the catalytic reaction layer and the sewage. In this way, the catalytic reaction can be carried out at a higher temperature, ensuring a higher reaction efficiency and accelerating the sewage treatment process; the setting of the scattering medium layer also realizes the uniform dispersion of light energy and heat energy, optimizing the energy transfer efficiency, helping the light to fully irradiate the photothermal reaction layer, improving the utilization efficiency of light energy, and thus reducing energy waste;

[0022] The present invention relates to a photo-thermal coupling catalytic sewage treatment device and a treatment method. The device has a simple structure and is convenient to use. When treating sewage, the device can be directly placed into the sewage to be treated, without the processes of water evaporation and condensation. The operation is simple and the floor area is relatively small. It can reduce the operation time while improving the sewage treatment speed. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of a photo-thermal coupling catalytic sewage treatment device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a photo-thermal coupling catalytic sewage treatment device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the treatment method of a photo-thermal coupling catalytic sewage treatment device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 1 The arrow direction in [the figure] is the transmission direction of light and heat;

[0027] Figure 3 The arrow direction in [the figure] is the transmission direction of light and sewage.

[0028] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0029] 1. Central light pipe; 2. Scattering medium layer; 3. Catalytic reaction layer; 4. Photo-thermal reaction layer; 5. Light guide pipe; 6. Sewage inlet flow channel; 7. Sewage outlet flow channel; 8. Sewage treatment device. Detailed Embodiments

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the term nouns in each embodiment, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., which indicate directions, are only used to simplify the description of the positional relationship based on the drawings of the specification, and do not represent that the indicated elements and devices, etc. must operate according to the specific directions and limited operations, methods, and structures in the specification. Such directional nouns do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0031] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention will be given with reference to the drawings.

[0032] Specific Embodiment 1: With reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 as shown, the present invention provides a photo-thermal coupling catalytic sewage treatment device, including a central light pipe 1, a scattering medium layer 2, a catalytic reaction layer 3, and a photo-thermal reaction layer 4.

[0033] Outside the central light pipe 1, a scattering medium layer 2, a catalytic reaction layer 3, and a photothermal reaction layer 4 are successively provided. The central light pipe 1 is used for guiding light and providing light energy, and is a fiber optic or other material capable of light transmission; the scattering medium layer 2 is used for dispersing the thermal energy and light energy of the light provided by the central light pipe 1, and the scattering medium layer 2 can be titanium oxide or other materials capable of transmitting the thermal energy and light energy of light; the catalytic reaction layer 3 is used for realizing the degradation of pollutants in sewage, the catalytic reaction layer 3 can be in the form of a film and is coated between the scattering medium layer 2 and the photothermal reaction layer 4, and the type, distribution, and concentration of the catalyst are selected according to the type of sewage to be treated; the photothermal reaction layer 4 is used for heating the sewage and the catalytic reaction layer 3 through the photothermal coupling effect, and the photothermal reaction layer 4 can be a nanoparticle material or other materials capable of converting the transmitted light energy into thermal energy. Light can successively pass through the central light pipe 1, the scattering medium layer 2, and the catalytic reaction layer 3 and enter the photothermal reaction layer 4, and sewage can pass through the photothermal reaction layer 4 to react with the catalytic reaction layer 3.

[0034] Preferably, the catalytic reaction layer 3 includes a plurality of catalytic reaction layer units, and the plurality of catalytic reaction layer units are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the scattering medium layer 2.

[0035] Preferably, a support layer is further included. The support layer is a columnar frame structure and is arranged between the central light pipe 1 and the scattering medium layer 2, between the scattering medium layer 2 and the catalytic reaction layer 3, and between the catalytic reaction layer 3 and the photothermal reaction layer 4. It is used to provide mechanical strength and stability for the entire sewage treatment device.

[0036] Specific Embodiment Two: As shown in Figures 1 to 3 A treatment method of a photothermal coupling catalytic sewage treatment device provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0037] Connect a light source to the central light pipe 1 of at least one sewage treatment device 8 through a light guide pipe 5. The sewage inlet flow channel 6 is respectively connected to the sewage inlets of a plurality of sewage treatment devices 8, and the sewage outlets of the plurality of sewage treatment devices 8 are all connected to the sewage outlet flow channel 7. It is used to scatter the light introduced by the light guide pipe 5 to the catalytic reaction layer 3 through the scattering medium layer 2, so that the catalytic reaction layer 3 generates active oxygen and free radicals to efficiently degrade sewage, and the scattered light reaches the photothermal reaction layer 4 to convert light energy into thermal energy by using the photothermal coupling technology, providing the high-temperature conditions required for the catalytic reaction and heating the sewage. The synergistic effect of the two can effectively improve the reaction efficiency of the catalytic reaction.

[0038] Other combinations and connection relationships in this embodiment are the same as those in Specific Embodiment One.

[0039] Preferably, the light source can be connected to at least two sewage treatment devices with different catalysts for jointly treating sewage.

[0040] Operating principle of this embodiment:

[0041] Connect the central light pipe 1 to a light source to ensure that the system can receive sufficient light energy, such as sunlight. The central light pipe 1 can transmit the light energy to the catalytic reaction layer 3 and the photothermal reaction layer 4 through the scattering medium layer 2.

[0042] The catalyst in the catalytic reaction layer 3 starts to efficiently degrade the pollutants in the sewage. The photothermal reaction layer 4 absorbs part of the light energy and converts it into heat energy, and the converted heat energy can be used to heat the sewage to improve the efficiency of the catalytic reaction. The catalyst in the catalytic reaction layer 3 is used to degrade the pollutants in the sewage, possibly through reaction pathways such as oxidation and reduction. For example, when using titanium dioxide (TiO2) catalyst, the titanium dioxide catalyst has photocatalytic activity under ultraviolet light irradiation (usually ultraviolet rays), absorbs photon energy, causes electrons to jump from the valence band to the conduction band, forming photo-generated electron-hole pairs. At the same time, the photo-generated electrons move in the conduction band and can undergo an oxidation reaction with oxygen molecules to generate free oxides such as hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals. On the other hand, the photo-generated holes move in the valence band and can undergo a reduction reaction with water molecules to produce hydroxyl radicals. The generated free oxides and hydroxyl radicals have strong redox capabilities, and they can interact with the organic pollutants adsorbed on the surface of titanium dioxide. These organic molecules are oxidized and gradually decomposed into smaller and less toxic compounds until finally harmless products such as water and carbon dioxide are formed. The titanium dioxide catalyst generates photo-generated electron-hole pairs under the action of ultraviolet light through photocatalysis, and these electrons and holes participate in the redox reaction, enabling the degradation of organic pollutants. This process is an environmentally friendly method because it can naturally promote the degradation of organic pollutants into harmless substances under light irradiation. At the same time, the photothermal effect may also promote the degradation of some pollutants, and here some pollutants can be halides, hydrocarbons, organophosphorus pesticides, and ammonia-containing organic compounds in water. The treated sewage may generate gas, liquid, or solid products. These products can be recovered or discharged through appropriate separation steps.

[0043] Introduce the sewage or water source to be treated into the system. After pretreatment, i.e., filtration, it enters the catalytic reaction layer 3. The photocatalytic-thermal coupling technology enables the catalytic reaction layer to generate active oxygen, free radicals, and other oxides. The active oxygen, free radicals, and other oxides generated in the catalytic reaction layer can efficiently degrade the organic pollutants and other pollutants in the sewage. The catalytic process is as follows:

[0044]

[0045]

[0046]

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] 。

[0050] Analysis of the reasons for energy conservation and safety in this specific implementation plan:

[0051] The photo-thermal coupling technology is introduced to convert the solar energy into heat energy, providing suitable temperature conditions required for the catalytic reaction. The suitable temperature here is generally room temperature. The active oxygen, free radicals and other oxides generated by the photo-thermal coupling in the catalytic reaction layer 3 can efficiently degrade the organic pollutants in the sewage. This significantly improves the degradation efficiency of the organic pollutants because the degradation of organic pollutants is a high-energy-consuming process. Effectively reducing the presence of organic pollutants helps to reduce the overall energy consumption of the system.

[0052] The advantage of this photo-thermal coupling catalytic sewage treatment device and method lies in the combination of the photo-thermal coupling and catalytic reaction principles, achieving efficient water purification and heating. Through the reasonable design of the structure and reaction layer, the purification and temperature rise of water can be stably achieved. At the same time, the energy utilization efficiency is improved through the photo-thermal coupling effect, reducing energy waste.

[0053] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art of the present invention can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photocatalytic and thermocatalytic integrated sewage treatment device, characterized in that: It includes a central light pipe (1), a scattering medium layer (2), a catalytic reaction layer (3) and a photothermal reaction layer (4). The central light pipe (1) is successively provided with a scattering medium layer (2), a catalytic reaction layer (3) and a photothermal reaction layer (4) on the outside. The central light pipe (1) is used for guiding light and providing light energy. The scattering medium layer (2) is used for dispersing the thermal energy and light energy of the light provided by the central light pipe (1). The catalytic reaction layer (3) is used for realizing the degradation of pollutants in sewage. The photothermal reaction layer (4) is used for heating the sewage and the catalytic reaction layer (3) through the photothermal coupling effect.

2. The photocatalytic and thermal catalytic sewage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: The scattering medium layer (2) is an optical fiber scattering medium layer.

3. The photocatalytic sewage treatment device with photo-thermal coupling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The catalytic reaction layer (3) includes a plurality of catalytic reaction layer units, and the plurality of catalytic reaction layer units are circumferentially and evenly distributed on the outer wall of the scattering medium layer (2).

4. The photocatalytic sewage treatment device with photo-thermal coupling according to claim 2, wherein: The catalytic reaction layer (3) is a film-shaped catalytic reaction layer.

5. The photocatalytic sewage treatment device with photo-thermal coupling according to claim 4, wherein: The catalytic reaction layer (3) is a titanium dioxide catalytic reaction layer.

6. The photocatalytic sewage treatment device with integrated solar thermal and photocatalytic functions according to claim 4, characterized in that: The photothermal reaction layer (4) is a titanium nitride nanoparticle photothermal reaction layer.

7. The photocatalytic sewage treatment device with integrated photothermal coupling according to claim 6, wherein: It further includes a support layer. The support layer is a columnar frame structure and is arranged between the central light pipe (1) and the scattering medium layer (2), between the scattering medium layer (2) and the catalytic reaction layer (3), and between the catalytic reaction layer (3) and the photothermal reaction layer (4).

8. A treatment method for the photothermal coupling catalytic sewage treatment device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Connect the light source to the central light pipe (1) of at least one sewage treatment device through a light guide pipe (5). The sewage inlet flow channel (6) is respectively connected to the sewage inlets of a plurality of sewage treatment devices (8). The sewage outlets of the plurality of sewage treatment devices (8) are all connected to the sewage outlet flow channel (7). Scatter the light to the photothermal reaction layer (4) through the scattering medium layer (2). Use the photothermal coupling technology to convert light energy into thermal energy, provide the high-temperature conditions required for the catalytic reaction and heat the sewage, so that the catalytic reaction layer (3) can efficiently degrade the sewage.

9. The treatment method of the photo-thermal coupling catalytic sewage treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The light source is connected to sewage treatment devices with at least two different catalysts provided, and is used for jointly treating sewage.

Images