Solid-state hydrogen storage device thermal management system and method

Abstract

The application provides a solid-state hydrogen storage device heat management system and method, and belongs to the hydrogen storage technical field.The system comprises a hydrogen storage unit, a hydrogen supply unit, a cooling unit and a control unit, the hydrogen storage unit comprises hydrogen storage cylinders and hydrogen storage valves arranged on the hydrogen storage cylinders; the hydrogen supply unit is connected with the hydrogen storage unit and is used for providing hydrogen flow outward; the cooling unit is used for heat exchange of heat generated in hydrogen charging of the hydrogen storage unit and comprises a heat exchanger, a water outlet passage, a water inlet passage, a water pump and a liquid storage device; the heat exchanger arranged between the hydrogen storage cylinders can avoid direct contact of the hydrogen storage cylinders with the cooling liquid, effectively prevents point corrosion phenomenon of the outer surface of the hydrogen storage cylinders, and can completely pump out the cooling liquid in the heat exchanger before transportation through the water pump, prevents cooling liquid redundancy, and reduces the weight of the hydrogen storage cylinders and the heat exchanger during transportation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of hydrogen storage technology, in particular to a solid-state hydrogen storage device heat management system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Off-grid hydrogen energy storage power generation is a technology that converts renewable energy power into hydrogen storage to cooperate with fuel cell power generation. It is a new type of large-scale energy storage technology with clean and no pollution, high energy density, low operation and maintenance cost, long storage time, and various hydrogen utilization forms. It can effectively solve the problem of wind power, solar power and other new energy power generation stable grid connection and abandoned wind and light, and can greatly reduce carbon emissions.

[0003] Hydrogen storage technology mainly includes material hydrogen storage and physical hydrogen storage. Physical hydrogen storage is divided into gaseous hydrogen storage and liquid hydrogen storage. Gaseous hydrogen storage has the advantages of fast hydrogen charging and discharging speed, low hydrogen storage energy consumption, low cost and mature technology, and has become the first commercialized hydrogen storage technology. Solid-state hydrogen storage technology can solve the two problems of high-density hydrogen storage and safe application that people are most concerned about due to its high volume hydrogen storage density, safety, no need for high-pressure containers, and high-purity hydrogen. At the same time, the hydrogen pressure generated by PEM and AEM water electrolysis ranges from 3 to 5 MPa, which meets the solid-state hydrogen storage charging pressure, so solid-state hydrogen storage technology is considered as one of the best hydrogen storage methods for off-grid power generation with renewable energy.

[0004] Solid-state hydrogen storage refers to the storage of hydrogen in solid materials by physical and chemical adsorption of hydrogen on the material. In the hydrogen absorption process, the alloy hydrogen storage material generates metal hydride by absorbing hydrogen under certain temperature and hydrogen pressure through exothermic reaction; in the hydrogen release process, the metal hydride releases the absorbed hydrogen through endothermic reaction under heating. The current solid-state hydrogen storage heat exchange type mainly adopts water jacket cooling technology. The main principle of water jacket cooling technology is to integrate the cooling liquid and the hydrogen storage bottle in a box by using a water tank, and to exchange heat with the solid-state hydrogen storage through the circulation of the cooling liquid. Advantages: The hydrogen storage cylinder can be completely immersed in the cooling liquid, and the solid-state hydrogen storage can be fully heat exchanged; Disadvantages: The cooling liquid has a large redundancy, and the water tank for storing the cooling liquid has a large weight, which greatly reduces the mass density of the solid-state hydrogen storage device. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a solid-state hydrogen storage device heat management system and method, which comprises a hydrogen storage unit, a hydrogen supply unit connected with the hydrogen storage unit, and a cooling unit arranged between the hydrogen storage units.

[0006] The hydrogen storage unit is used for storing and releasing hydrogen, and comprises a plurality of hydrogen storage cylinders and hydrogen storage valves arranged on the hydrogen storage cylinders.

[0007] The hydrogen supply unit is connected with the hydrogen storage unit for providing stable hydrogen flow and pressure, and comprises a ball valve and a pressure reducing valve; the ball valve and the pressure reducing valve are connected with the hydrogen storage unit in sequence.

[0008] The cooling unit is used for heat exchange of heat generated in the hydrogen charging of the hydrogen storage unit, and comprises a heat exchanger, an outlet water passage, an inlet water passage, a water pump and a liquid storage device; the heat exchanger is arranged between adjacent hydrogen storage cylinders; one end of the outlet water passage and the inlet water passage is connected with the heat exchanger, and the other end is connected with the liquid storage device; the water pump is arranged on the inlet water passage.

[0009] Further, the hydrogen supply unit further comprises a first three-way valve arranged between the ball valve and the pressure reducing valve.

[0010] Further, the hydrogen supply unit further comprises a first temperature sensor and a pressure sensor arranged between the ball valve and the pressure reducing valve.

[0011] Further, the cooling unit further comprises an outlet water temperature sensor arranged at the end of the outlet water passage connected with the heat exchanger, and an inlet water temperature sensor arranged at the end of the inlet water passage connected with the heat exchanger.

[0012] Further, the liquid storage device comprises a water storage tank and a backwater tank connected with the inlet water passage and the outlet water passage.

[0013] Further, the cooling unit further comprises a water storage tank three-way valve arranged on the water storage tank, and the water storage tank three-way valve is used for connecting the inlet water passage, the water storage tank and the outlet water passage.

[0014] Further, the cooling unit further comprises a backwater tank three-way valve arranged on the backwater tank, and the backwater tank three-way valve is used for connecting the outlet water passage, the inlet water passage and the backwater tank.

[0015] Further, the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger made of aluminum alloy.

[0016] Further, the hydrogen storage cylinder is made of aluminum alloy.

[0017] Further, a control unit connected with the pressure reducing valve and the water pump is further included.

[0018] Further, the control unit is further connected with the first temperature sensor, the outlet water temperature sensor, the inlet water temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, and is connected with the water storage tank three-way valve and the backwater tank three-way valve.

[0019] The application further provides a solid-state hydrogen storage device heat management method using the solid-state hydrogen storage device heat management system, and comprises the following steps:

[0020] S11. Calculate the theoretical temperature difference △T between the outlet temperature sensor and the inlet temperature sensor when the fuel cell engine rated output power is met at the existing cooling liquid flow rate according to formula (1);

[0021] △T = Q / (λ·S / L) (1)

[0022] Wherein, △T is the theoretical temperature difference (k); Q is the heat absorbed when the hydrogen storage unit releases hydrogen at the rated output power of the fuel cell engine (w); λ is the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger [w / (m·k)]; S is the effective contact area of the heat exchanger and the solid-state hydrogen storage cylinder (m2); L is the thickness of the outer wall of the heat exchanger (m).

[0023] S12. The outlet temperature sensor and the inlet temperature sensor respectively measure the real-time temperature data of the cooling liquid flowing out of the heat exchanger and the real-time temperature data of the cooling liquid flowing into the heat exchanger, and compare the actual temperature difference △T' with the theoretical temperature difference △T; if the actual temperature difference △T' is less than the theoretical temperature difference △T, the control unit controls the pressure reducing valve to increase the hydrogen flow in the hydrogen supply unit, and if the temperature difference is greater than △T, the control unit controls the pressure reducing valve to reduce the hydrogen flow in the hydrogen supply unit.

[0024] Further, the following steps are further included:

[0025] S21: The first temperature sensor and the pressure sensor respectively measure the real-time temperature data and the real-time pressure data of the hydrogen supply unit;

[0026] S22: When the real-time temperature detected by the first temperature sensor is greater than 25℃ and the real-time pressure monitored by the pressure sensor is lower than 0.1MPa, the control unit controls the water storage tank three-way valve to close the connection between the water storage tank and the water inlet passage, and controls the water return tank three-way valve to open the connection between the water outlet passage and the water inlet passage and the water return tank, part of the cooling liquid in the heat exchanger is recycled to the water return tank through the water outlet passage, and the other part is recycled to the water return tank through the water inlet passage under the action of the water pump.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0028] 1. A heat exchanger with high heat conduction system is arranged between the hydrogen storage cylinders, which realizes heat exchange when the aluminum alloy hydrogen storage cylinders are charged and discharged, and at the same time can avoid direct contact between the liquid circulating water and the hydrogen storage cylinders, effectively avoiding the occurrence of pitting corrosion of the cylinders.

[0029] 2. A water return tank is arranged in the cooling unit, which can completely drain the cooling water from the hydrogen storage unit before transportation, reducing the transportation weight and transportation cost.

[0030] 3. The cooling unit is provided with outlet temperature sensor and inlet temperature sensor, and the hydrogen flow in the hydrogen supply unit is determined by the temperature difference between the outlet temperature sensor and the inlet temperature sensor.

[0031] 4. The first temperature sensor and pressure sensor are arranged in the hydrogen supply unit, and the hydrogen storage cylinder is determined by the real-time data of the first temperature sensor and pressure sensor whether it needs to be filled with hydrogen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen storage unit structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a solid-state hydrogen storage device thermal management system structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] In the figure: 1-hydrogen storage cylinder; 2-heat exchanger; 3-first ball valve; 4-pressure sensor; 5-pressure reducing valve; 6-first temperature sensor; 7-first three-way valve; 8-outlet temperature sensor; 9-inlet temperature sensor; 10-water storage tank; 11-backwater tank; 12-backwater tank three-way valve; 13-water storage tank three-way valve; 14-water pump; 15-outlet water passage; 16-inlet water passage; 17-fuel cell engine; 18-hydrogen filling system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings Figs. 1-2 The technical solutions of the present application are described clearly and completely, obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0037] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or an indicated number of technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second", "third", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited. In addition, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances

[0038] The present application provides a solid-state hydrogen storage device thermal management system, comprising a hydrogen storage unit, a hydrogen supply unit, a cooling unit and a control unit;

[0039] The hydrogen storage unit comprises a hydrogen storage cylinder 1 and a hydrogen storage valve arranged on the hydrogen storage cylinder, for storing and releasing hydrogen; when the hydrogen storage unit releases hydrogen, the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 continuously absorbs heat, and the heat source is the fuel cell engine 17; when the hydrogen storage unit is connected to the hydrogen charging system 18 for hydrogen charging, the hydrogen storage cylinder continuously releases heat.

[0040] The hydrogen supply unit is connected to the hydrogen storage unit for providing stable hydrogen flow and pressure, comprising a ball valve 3 and a pressure reducing valve 5; the ball valve 3 and the pressure reducing valve 5 are connected to the hydrogen storage unit in sequence; the ball valve is used to cut off or open the connection between the hydrogen supply unit and the hydrogen storage unit, and the pressure reducing valve 5 is used to control the size of the hydrogen flow in the hydrogen supply unit;

[0041] The cooling unit is used to exchange heat generated during hydrogen charging of the hydrogen storage unit, comprising a heat exchanger 2, a water outlet passage 15, a water inlet passage 16, a water pump 14 and a liquid storage device; the heat exchanger 2 is a hollow structure arranged between adjacent hydrogen storage cylinders 1, and the heat exchanger 2 is provided with water inlets and outlets of the same size, the water outlets and inlets can be horizontally arranged on the heat exchanger 2, or can be arranged high and low on the heat exchanger 2; one end of the water outlet passage 15 and the water inlet passage 16 is connected with the water outlet and the water inlet of the heat exchanger 2, and the other end is connected with the liquid storage device; the water pump 14 is arranged on the water inlet passage 16, for sucking the cooling water in the liquid storage device into the heat exchanger 2, and under the action of the water pump 14, the flow rate of the cooling liquid flowing into the heat exchanger 2 is greater than that of the cooling liquid flowing out of the heat exchanger 2, so that when the water inlets and outlets of the heat exchanger 2 are horizontally arranged, the cooling water can also sufficiently exchange heat with the heat exchanger 2.

[0042] The hydrogen storage cylinder 1 will continuously release heat during the hydrogen filling process, and needs to be cooled during the hydrogen filling process. In order to cool the hydrogen storage cylinder, and to avoid direct contact between the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 and the cooling liquid causing pitting corrosion, a heat exchanger 2 is used for heat exchange between the hydrogen storage cylinders 1. During the hydrogen filling process, the heat exchanger 2 first absorbs the heat from the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, while the water pump 14 in the water inlet passage 16 sucks the cooling liquid in the liquid storage device into the water inlet passage 16 and flows into the heat exchanger 2, absorbs the heat absorbed by the heat exchanger 2 from the hydrogen storage cylinder 1, and then flows back to the liquid storage device through the water outlet passage 15, that is, the cooling water circulates between the liquid storage device, the water inlet passage 16, the heat exchanger 2, the water outlet passage 15 and the liquid storage device, completes the heat exchange of the heat exchanger 2, and then completes the cooling of the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 during the hydrogen filling process.

[0043] When the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 needs to be transported after the hydrogen filling is completed, the water pump 14 can reversely suck the redundant cooling liquid in the heat exchanger back into the liquid storage device through the water outlet passage 15, that is, the waterless transportation of the hydrogen storage unit can be realized.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen supply unit further comprises a first three-way valve 7 arranged between the ball valve 3 and the pressure reducing valve 5; the first valve port of the first three-way valve 7 is connected with the ball valve 3, the second valve port is connected with the pressure reducing valve 5, and the third valve port is used for connecting with the hydrogen filling system 18 when the hydrogen storage unit is filled with hydrogen; when the hydrogen storage unit needs to provide hydrogen to the outside, the first valve port and the second valve port of the first three-way valve 7 are opened, the connection between the pressure reducing valve 5 and the ball valve 3 is opened, and the third valve port of the first three-way valve 7 is closed, so that the hydrogen flow can flow out from the hydrogen storage unit through the ball valve 3 and the pressure reducing valve 5; when the hydrogen storage unit needs to be filled with hydrogen, the first valve port and the third valve port of the first three-way valve 7 are opened, and the second valve port of the first three-way valve 7 is closed, so that the hydrogen flow can flow from the hydrogen filling system 18 through the ball valve 3 into the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 in the hydrogen storage unit.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen supply unit further comprises a first temperature sensor 6 and a pressure sensor 4 arranged between the ball valve 3 and the pressure reducing valve 5, the first temperature sensor 6 is used for measuring the temperature of the hydrogen flow in the hydrogen supply unit, and the pressure sensor 4 is used for measuring the pressure of the hydrogen flow in the hydrogen supply unit.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the cooling unit further comprises a water outlet temperature sensor 8 arranged at the end of the water outlet passage 15 connected with the heat exchanger 2, and a water inlet temperature sensor 9 arranged at the end of the water inlet passage 16 connected with the heat exchanger 2; the water outlet temperature sensor 8 is used for measuring the real-time temperature of the cooling liquid flowing out of the heat exchanger 2, and the water inlet temperature sensor 9 is used for measuring the real-time temperature of the cooling liquid flowing into the heat exchanger 2.

[0047] When the hydrogen storage unit is in the process of hydrogen release, the coolant also circulates in the process of the coolant device-inlet passage 16-heat exchanger 2-outlet passage 15-coolant device under the action of the water pump 14, at this time, the coolant is no longer used for cooling, but is used as a temperature marker. Since the hydrogen storage unit will continuously absorb heat during the process of hydrogen release, the temperature of the coolant flowing into the heat exchanger 2 will be higher than the temperature of the coolant flowing out of the heat exchanger 2. The difference between the real-time temperatures measured by the inlet temperature sensor 9 and the outlet temperature sensor 8 can be used to calculate whether the hydrogen storage unit is fully released.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, in order to better distribute the coolant, the coolant device includes a water storage tank 10 for providing the coolant during the process of hydrogen charging and a water recovery tank 11 for recovering the coolant when the hydrogen storage unit needs to be transported, and the water storage tank 10 and the water recovery tank 11 are connected with the inlet passage 16 and the outlet passage 15.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the cooling unit further includes a water storage tank three-way valve 13 arranged on the water storage tank 10, a first valve port of the water storage tank three-way valve 13 is connected with the water storage tank 10, a second valve port of the water storage tank three-way valve 13 is connected with the inlet passage 16, and a third valve port of the water storage tank three-way valve 13 is connected with the outlet passage 15.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, the cooling unit further includes a water recovery tank three-way valve 12 arranged on the water recovery tank 11, a first valve port of the water recovery tank three-way valve 12 is connected with the water recovery tank 11, a second valve port of the water recovery tank three-way valve 12 is connected with the inlet passage 16, and a third valve port of the water recovery tank three-way valve 12 is connected with the outlet passage 15.

[0051] In use, during the process of hydrogen charging of the hydrogen storage unit, the first valve port, the second valve port and the third valve port of the water storage tank three-way valve 13 are opened, and the first valve port of the water recovery tank three-way valve 12 connected with the water recovery tank 11 is closed. The coolant in the water storage tank 10 flows into the inlet passage 16 under the action of the water pump 14 through the first valve port of the water storage tank three-way valve 13 and the second valve port of the water storage tank three-way valve 13, and then flows into the heat exchanger 2 through the inlet passage 16, and then flows out of the heat exchanger 2, and finally flows back into the water storage tank 10 through the outlet passage 15, the third valve port and the second valve port of the water recovery tank three-way valve 12, and the third valve port and the first valve port of the water storage tank three-way valve 13.

[0052] When the hydrogen storage unit needs to be transported, the first valve port of the water recovery tank three-way valve 12 connected with the water recovery tank 11 is opened, and the first valve port of the water storage tank three-way valve 13 connected with the water storage tank is closed. The redundant coolant in the heat exchanger 2 can flow into the water recovery tank 11 through the inlet passage 16 under the action of the water pump 14.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, in order to increase the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger 2, the heat exchanger 2 is a plate heat exchanger made of aluminum alloy, specifically, Al-6063 aluminum alloy is selected, and the thermal conductivity coefficient is 201 W / (m2.K).

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, in order to increase the heat transfer efficiency between the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 and the heat exchanger 2, the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 is made of aluminum alloy, specifically, Al-6061 aluminum alloy is selected, and the thermal conductivity coefficient is 166 W / (m2.K).

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the solid-state hydrogen storage device thermal management system further comprises a control unit connected with the pressure reducing valve 5 and the water pump 14.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the control unit is further connected with the first temperature sensor 6, the outlet temperature sensor 8, the inlet temperature sensor 9, the pressure sensor 4, and is connected with the water storage tank three-way valve 13 and the return water tank three-way valve 12. The control unit is used to receive real-time temperature data and real-time pressure data from the first temperature sensor 6, the outlet temperature sensor 8, the inlet temperature sensor 9, and the pressure sensor 4, and controls the pressure reducing valve 5, the water pump 14, the water storage tank three-way valve 13, and the return water tank three-way valve 12 by analyzing the real-time temperature data and the real-time pressure data.

[0057] The application also provides a solid-state hydrogen storage device thermal management method, which uses the solid-state hydrogen storage device thermal management system described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0058] S11. According to formula (1), the theoretical temperature difference △T of the outlet temperature sensor 8 and the inlet temperature sensor 9 when the existing cooling liquid flow rate meets the rated output power of the fuel cell engine 17 is calculated;

[0059] △T = Q / (λ·S / L) (1)

[0060] Wherein, △T is the theoretical temperature difference (k); Q is the heat absorbed when the hydrogen storage unit releases hydrogen under the rated output power of the fuel cell engine 17 (w); λ is the thermal conductivity coefficient of the heat exchanger 2 [w / (m·k)]; S is the effective contact area of the heat exchanger 2 and the hydrogen storage cylinder 1 (㎡); L is the thickness of the outer wall of the heat exchanger 2 (m).

[0061] S12. The outlet temperature sensor 8 and the inlet temperature sensor 9 respectively measure the real-time temperature data of the cooling liquid flowing out of the heat exchanger 2 and the real-time temperature data of the cooling liquid flowing into the heat exchanger 2, and compare the actual temperature difference △T' with the theoretical temperature difference △T; if the actual temperature difference △T' is less than the theoretical temperature difference △T, the control unit controls the pressure reducing valve 5 to increase the hydrogen flow in the hydrogen supply unit, and if the temperature difference is greater than △T, the control unit controls the pressure reducing valve 5 to reduce the hydrogen flow in the hydrogen supply unit.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, the solid-state hydrogen storage thermal management method further comprises the following steps:

[0063] S21: The first temperature sensor and the pressure sensor respectively measure the real-time temperature data and the real-time pressure data of the hydrogen supply unit;

[0064] S22: When the real-time temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 6 is greater than 25℃ and the real-time pressure monitored by the pressure sensor 4 is lower than 0.1MPa, the control unit controls the water storage tank three-way valve 13 to close the connection between the water storage tank 10 and the water inlet passage 16, and controls the water return tank three-way valve 12 to open the connection between the water outlet passage 15 and the water inlet passage 16 and the water return tank 12, a part of the cooling liquid in the heat exchanger 2 is recovered to the water return tank 12 through the water outlet passage 15, and another part is recovered to the water return tank 11 through the water inlet passage 16 under the action of the water pump 14.

[0065] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application is included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A solid state hydrogen storage device thermal management system, comprising: The hydrogen storage unit, the hydrogen supply unit connected with the hydrogen storage unit, and the cooling unit arranged between the hydrogen storage units; The hydrogen storage unit is used for storing and releasing hydrogen, and includes a plurality of hydrogen storage cylinders and hydrogen storage valves arranged on the hydrogen storage cylinders; The hydrogen supply unit is connected with the hydrogen storage unit, and is used for providing stable hydrogen flow and pressure, and includes a ball valve and a pressure reducing valve; the ball valve and the pressure reducing valve are sequentially connected with the hydrogen storage unit; The cooling unit is used for heat exchange of heat released by the hydrogen storage unit during hydrogen charging, and includes a heat exchanger, a water outlet passage, a water inlet passage, a water pump, and a liquid storage device; the heat exchanger is arranged between adjacent hydrogen storage cylinders; one end of the water outlet passage and the water inlet passage is connected with the heat exchanger, and the other end is connected with the liquid storage device; the water pump is arranged on the water inlet passage; the liquid storage device includes a water storage tank for providing cooling liquid during hydrogen charging and a water recovery tank for recovering the cooling liquid when the hydrogen storage unit needs to be transported; the water storage tank and the water recovery tank are connected with the water inlet passage and the water outlet passage; The cooling unit further includes a water outlet temperature sensor arranged at one end of the water outlet passage connected with the heat exchanger, and a water inlet temperature sensor arranged at one end of the water inlet passage connected with the heat exchanger; The control unit connected with the pressure reducing valve and the water pump; the control unit is further connected with the water outlet temperature sensor and the water inlet temperature sensor; When the hydrogen storage unit releases hydrogen, the hydrogen storage cylinders continuously absorb heat, and the heat is derived from the fuel cell engine; when the hydrogen storage unit is connected with the hydrogen charging system for hydrogen charging, the hydrogen storage cylinders continuously release heat; the heat management method specifically includes the following steps: S11. According to formula (1), the theoretical temperature difference △T of the water outlet temperature sensor and the water inlet temperature sensor is calculated under the existing cooling liquid flow rate to meet the rated output power of the fuel cell engine; △T =Q / (λ·S / L ) (1) Wherein, △T is the theoretical temperature difference (k); Q is the heat absorbed by the hydrogen storage unit when releasing hydrogen under the rated output power of the fuel cell engine (w); λ is the thermal conductivity of the heat exchanger [w / (m·k)]; S is the effective contact area of the heat exchanger and the hydrogen storage cylinder (㎡); L is the thickness of the outer wall of the heat exchanger (m); S12. The water outlet temperature sensor and the water inlet temperature sensor respectively measure the real-time temperature data of the cooling liquid flowing out of the heat exchanger and the cooling liquid flowing into the heat exchanger, and compare the actual temperature difference △T' with the theoretical temperature difference △T; If the actual temperature difference △T' is less than the theoretical temperature difference △T, the control unit controls the pressure reducing valve to increase the hydrogen flow in the hydrogen supply unit; if the temperature difference is greater than △T, the control unit controls the pressure reducing valve to reduce the hydrogen flow in the hydrogen supply unit.

2. The solid-state hydrogen storage device thermal management system of claim 1, wherein, The hydrogen supply unit further includes a first three-way valve arranged between the ball valve and the pressure reducing valve.

3. The solid-state hydrogen storage device thermal management system of claim 1, wherein, The hydrogen supply unit further includes a first temperature sensor and a pressure sensor arranged between the ball valve and the pressure reducing valve.

4. The solid state hydrogen storage device thermal management system of claim 3, wherein, The cooling unit further includes a water storage tank three-way valve arranged on the water storage tank, which is used to connect the water inlet passage, the water storage tank, and the water outlet passage.

5. The solid state hydrogen storage device thermal management system of claim 4, wherein, The cooling unit further comprises a return water tank three-way valve arranged on the return water tank, which is used to connect the water outlet passage, the water inlet passage and the return water tank.

6. The solid state hydrogen storage device thermal management system of claim 5, wherein, The control unit is further connected with the first temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, and is connected with the water storage tank three-way valve and the return water tank three-way valve.

7. The solid-state hydrogen storage device thermal management system of claim 1, wherein, The heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger made of aluminum alloy.

8. The solid-state hydrogen storage device thermal management system of claim 1, wherein, The hydrogen storage cylinder is made of aluminum alloy.

9. The solid-state hydrogen storage device thermal management system of any of claims 1-8, wherein, The method further comprises the following steps: S21: The first temperature sensor and the pressure sensor respectively measure the real-time temperature data and the real-time pressure data of the hydrogen supply unit. S22: When the real-time temperature detected by the first temperature sensor is greater than 25°C and the real-time pressure monitored by the pressure sensor is lower than 0.1 MPa, the control unit controls the water storage tank three-way valve to close the connection between the water storage tank and the water inlet passage, controls the return water tank three-way valve to open the connection between the water outlet passage and the water inlet passage and the return water tank, and controls a part of the cooling liquid in the heat exchanger to be recycled to the return water tank through the water outlet passage and another part to be recycled to the return water tank through the water inlet passage under the action of the water pump.

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