A semi-active hierarchical energy dissipation variable stiffness damper

Abstract

The application relates to a semi-active hierarchical energy consumption variable stiffness damper, which comprises a shell, the inner surface of the shell is coated with an electrocoat, the bottom of the shell is fixedly provided with a first permanent magnet, the upper end opening of the shell is provided with an MFC energy collection device, the sidewall of the MFC energy collection device is in contact with the electrocoat, the upper end of the MFC energy collection device is fixedly provided with piezoelectric material, the lower end is provided with a black box, a load-bearing steel pipe and a tuned mass damper device are arranged between the black box and the first permanent magnet, a control system is arranged in the black box, the upper end of the tuned mass damper device penetrates through the black box and is electrically connected with the control system, and the space formed by the first permanent magnet and the shell is filled with electrorheological liquid. The damper has the effects of multi-path composite energy consumption, semi-active frequency conversion, hierarchical energy consumption and variable stiffness, is suitable for various frequency ranges, can further strengthen the damping effect, and can finely control the damping degree.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of dampers, in particular to a semi-active hierarchical energy dissipation variable stiffness damper. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

[0002] Vibration problems exist in civil engineering structures and mechanical equipment, which are caused by external forces such as earthquakes, wind, and equipment operation. Excessive vibration can affect the normal use of civil engineering structures and mechanical equipment, and even cause their destruction. In order to reduce vibration, a damper can be used for vibration reduction and energy dissipation. However, the vibration reduction and energy dissipation efficiency of most dampers is not very high, and most of them are passive dampers. The frequency and amplitude of external forces are usually variable, and passive dampers cannot function in a wide frequency range. In addition, with the progress of society and the development of technology, mechanical equipment used in various fields is developing towards high precision, high stability, and high speed. However, the traditional damping method of the damper is too single, and only the recovery of the non-elastic deformation of the element is used for damping. This not only has a high degree of wear of the element, but also has poor vibration reduction and energy dissipation effect, and cannot be controlled. In order to further enhance the damping effect and finely control the degree of damping, a semi-active hierarchical energy dissipation variable stiffness damper is needed to meet the damping requirements of civil engineering structures and mechanical equipment. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the problems in the prior art, the present application aims to provide a semi-active hierarchical energy dissipation variable stiffness damper that can intelligently adjust according to changes in external forces for vibration reduction and energy dissipation of civil engineering structures and mechanical equipment. The damper uses composite energy dissipation technology, hierarchical energy dissipation, and has the characteristics of variable stiffness, is suitable for various frequency ranges, and can further enhance the damping effect and finely control the degree of damping.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] A semi-active hierarchical energy dissipation variable stiffness damper comprises a shell, the inner surface of the shell is coated with an electrocoating layer, the bottom of the shell is fixedly provided with a first permanent magnet, the upper end opening of the shell is provided with an MFC energy collection device, the side wall of the MFC energy collection device is in contact with the electrocoating layer, a piezoelectric material is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the MFC energy collection device, and a black box is arranged at the lower end; a load-bearing steel pipe and a tuned mass damper device are arranged between the black box and the first permanent magnet, the upper end of the load-bearing steel pipe is fixedly connected with the black box, and the lower end is fixedly connected with the first permanent magnet; a control system is arranged in the black box; the upper end of the tuned mass damper device penetrates through the black box and is electrically connected with the control system; and an electrorheological fluid is added to the space formed by the first permanent magnet and the shell.

[0006] Preferably, the tuned mass damper device comprises a second permanent magnet and a hollow spring, the second permanent magnet has the same magnetic pole as the first permanent magnet, the hollow spring is filled with electrorheological fluid inside, the upper end of the hollow spring is connected with the control system through the black box, the lower end of the hollow spring is connected with the second permanent magnet, and the electrorheological fluid in the hollow spring forms a loop with the control system through a wire.

[0007] Preferably, the load-bearing steel pipe penetrates the second permanent magnet.

[0008] Preferably, the control system comprises a pressure sensor, an AD module, a 51 single-chip microcomputer, a DA module and an amplification circuit, the pressure sensor is arranged on the upper surface of the inner cavity of the black box and is used to convert the received elastic force into an electric signal, the AD module is used to receive the electric signal emitted by the pressure sensor and convert the electric signal into a digital signal, the 51 single-chip microcomputer is used to receive and adjust the digital signal emitted by the AD module, the DA module is used to receive the digital signal adjusted by the 51 single-chip microcomputer and process the digital signal into an electric signal, and the amplification circuit is used to receive and amplify the electric signal emitted by the DA module, and the electrorheological fluid in the hollow spring forms a loop with the amplification circuit through a wire.

[0009] Preferably, the piezoelectric material is a single crystal material or a ceramic material.

[0010] Preferably, the single crystal material is one of quartz, lithium niobate, lead metaniobate-lead titanate.

[0011] Preferably, the ceramic material is one of lead zirconate titanate, PZT-4, PZT-5, PZT-8, PZT-6, lead metaniobate-lead titanate, lead metaniobate-lead titanate and lead metaniobate-lead titanate.

[0012] Preferably, the material of the black box is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0013] Further, the shell is provided with a protective shell outside.

[0014] Preferably, the material of the protective shell is one of steel, plastic and carbon fiber.

[0015] Compared with the existing damper, the present application has the following advantages:

[0016] (1) the present application adopts composite energy dissipation technology, expands energy dissipation way. The damping mode of traditional damper is relatively single, only depends on inelastic deformation to consume energy, and the present application has special hierarchical damping structure, the hollow spring containing electrorheological liquid and the second permanent magnet form the active frequency conversion magnetic hollow spring tuned mass damper device, when the external force is small, the electrorheological liquid around the first permanent magnet consumes the electric energy conducted by the electric coating to achieve the purpose of energy dissipation, when the external force is large, in addition to the electrorheological liquid around the first permanent magnet, the tuned mass damper device also consumes energy, plays a role in inhibiting the vibration of the main structure, improves the damping capacity of the damper.

[0017] (2) the present application realizes semi-active frequency conversion electric energy transmission through the control system in the black box, can achieve the effect of controlling damping effect, the control system realizes semi-active frequency conversion according to the external force through the pressure sensor, AD module, 51 single-chip microcomputer, DA module and amplifying circuit, can artificially change the voltage frequency in the black box or external force, thereby adjusting the damping, so that the present application can be applied in more equipment and meet more needs.

[0018] (3) the present application selects MFC energy collection device and piezoelectric material, which is more sensitive to pressure and can more accurately adjust the damping effect, thereby improving the utilization rate of the damper.

[0019] (4) the present application has simple structure, and the material can be changed according to specific needs, the damping effect is adjusted, the cost of replacing the damper according to different situations is saved, and the service life is long. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 it is the structural schematic diagram of the damper of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 it is the working flow chart of the control system of the present application;

[0022] Fig. 1, piezoelectric material, 2, MFC energy collection device, 3, bearing steel pipe, 4, hollow spring, 5, shell, 6, second permanent magnet, 7, first permanent magnet, 8, electrorheological liquid, 9, black box, 10, protective shell, 11, wire. SPECIFIC EMBODIMENTS

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] REFERENCE Figure 1 andFigure 2 The embodiment provides a semi-active hierarchical energy dissipation variable stiffness damper, which comprises a shell 5, an inner surface of the shell 5 is coated with an electrocoating layer, a bottom of the shell 5 is fixedly provided with a first permanent magnet 7, a space formed by the shell 5 and the first permanent magnet 7 is filled with a current variable liquid 8, an upper end opening of the shell 5 is provided with an MFC energy collection device 2, a side wall of the MFC energy collection device 2 is in contact with the electrocoating layer, a top end of the MFC energy collection device 2 is fixedly provided with a piezoelectric material 1, and a bottom end is provided with a black box 9, the black box 9 is internally provided with a control system, a load-bearing steel pipe 3 and a tuned mass damper device are arranged between the black box 9 and the first permanent magnet 7; the tuned mass damper device comprises a second permanent magnet 6 and a hollow spring 4, the second permanent magnet 6 has the same magnetic pole as the first permanent magnet 7, the hollow spring 4 is connected with the control system through the black box 9 at an upper end and is connected with the second permanent magnet 6 at a lower end, the hollow spring 4 is filled with the current variable liquid in the inside, the load-bearing steel pipe 3 passes through the second permanent magnet 6, is fixedly connected with the black box 9 at an upper end and is fixedly connected with the first permanent magnet 7 at a lower end; the control system comprises a pressure sensor, an AD module, a 51 single-chip microcomputer, a DA module and an amplification circuit, the pressure sensor is arranged on an upper surface of an inner cavity of the black box 9 and is used for converting an elastic force received into an electric signal, the AD module is used for receiving the electric signal emitted by the pressure sensor and converting the electric signal emitted by the pressure sensor into a digital signal, the 51 single-chip microcomputer is used for receiving and adjusting the digital signal emitted by the AD module, the DA module is used for receiving the digital signal adjusted by the 51 single-chip microcomputer and processing the digital signal adjusted by the 51 single-chip microcomputer into an electric signal, and the amplification circuit is used for receiving and amplifying the electric signal emitted by the DA module, and the current variable liquid in the inside of the hollow spring 4 forms a loop with the amplification circuit of the control system through a wire 11.

[0025] When the external force is small, the first damping device is started, the piezoelectric material 1 converts the vibration caused by the pressure into electric energy, which is conducted to the MFC energy collection device 2 and collected and stored, the electric current released by the MFC energy collection device 2 is conducted along the electrocoating layer on the inner wall of the shell 5 to the electro-rheological liquid around the first permanent magnet 7, the electro-rheological liquid around the first permanent magnet 7 changes into solid or solid-liquid coexisting state after being electrified, thereby achieving the damping effect. When the external force is large, the first and second damping devices act simultaneously, when the black box 9 is subjected to the external force from the upper device, the pressure-sensitive sensor at the top of the black box 9 converts the elastic force into an electric signal, the AD module converts the electric signal emitted by the pressure-sensitive sensor into a digital signal, the 51 single-chip microcomputer receives the digital signal emitted by the AD module and adjusts it, the frequency is adjusted by adjusting the average voltage, the DA module receives the adjusted digital signal emitted by the 51 single-chip microcomputer and processes it into an electric signal, at this time the loop voltage is low and needs to be amplified by the amplification circuit, thereby prompting the tuning mass damper device composed of the hollow spring 4 filled with electro-rheological liquid as a spring and a damper and the second permanent magnet 6 as a mass to suppress the vibration of the main structure, the amplification circuit and the hollow spring 4 filled with electro-rheological liquid form a loop through the wire 11, the stiffness of the hollow spring 4 containing electro-rheological liquid can be better monitored and controlled by controlling the current, thereby changing the stiffness and damping of the tuning mass damper device, so that the whole device has the effect of semi-active variable frequency, the whole device relies on the load-bearing steel pipe 3 for bearing, the load-bearing steel pipe 3 penetrates through the second permanent magnet 6 and is connected with the MFC energy collection device 2, which can limit the horizontal deviation of the second permanent magnet 6, when the second permanent magnet 6 is displaced up and down due to external force, the interaction force generated by the mutual repulsion of the first permanent magnet 7 with the same magnetic field makes the device reset, further achieving the damping effect.

[0026] Preferably, in the above embodiment, the piezoelectric material 1 is one of quartz, lithium niobate, lead zirconate titanate, lead zirconate titanate, PZT-4, PZT-5, PZT-8, PZT-6, lead zirconate titanate, lead zirconate titanate, lead zirconate titanate.

[0027] Preferably, in the above embodiment, the material of the black box 9 is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0028] Further, a protective shell 10 is arranged outside the shell 5, and the material of the protective shell 10 is selected to be one of steel, plastic or carbon fiber according to the actual situation of the object to be damped.

[0029] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application.

Claims

1. A semi-active hierarchical energy dissipation variable stiffness damper, characterized by, The shell (5) is coated with an electrocoating layer on the inner surface, the bottom of the shell is fixedly provided with a first permanent magnet (7), the upper end of the shell (5) is provided with an MFC energy collection device (2), the side wall of the MFC energy collection device (2) is in contact with the electrocoating layer, the upper end of the MFC energy collection device (2) is fixedly provided with a piezoelectric material (1), and the lower end is provided with a black box (9); a load-bearing steel pipe (3) and a tuned mass damper device are arranged between the black box (9) and the first permanent magnet (7), the upper end of the load-bearing steel pipe (3) is fixedly connected with the black box (9), and the lower end is fixedly connected with the first permanent magnet (7); a control system is arranged in the black box (9), the upper end of the tuned mass damper device penetrates through the black box (9) and is electrically connected with the control system, and the first permanent magnet (7) and the shell (5) form a space in which an electrorheological liquid is added; The tuned mass damper device comprises a second permanent magnet (6) and a hollow spring (4), the second permanent magnet (6) has the same magnetic pole as the first permanent magnet (7), the hollow spring (4) is filled with the electrorheological liquid, the upper end of the hollow spring (4) penetrates through the black box (9) and is connected with the control system, and the lower end is connected with the second permanent magnet (6); the electrorheological liquid in the hollow spring forms a loop with the control system through a wire (11); The control system comprises a pressure sensor, an AD module, a 51 single-chip microcomputer, a DA module and an amplification circuit, the pressure sensor is arranged on the upper surface of the inner cavity of the black box and is used for converting the received elastic force into an electric signal, the AD module is used for receiving the electric signal emitted by the pressure sensor and converting the electric signal into a digital signal, the 51 single-chip microcomputer is used for receiving and adjusting the digital signal emitted by the AD module, the DA module is used for receiving the digital signal adjusted by the 51 single-chip microcomputer and processing the digital signal into an electric signal, and the amplification circuit is used for receiving and amplifying the electric signal emitted by the DA module, and the electrorheological liquid in the hollow spring (4) forms a loop with the amplification circuit through the wire (11).

2. The semi-active hierarchical energy dissipation variable stiffness damper according to claim 1, wherein, The load-bearing steel pipe (3) penetrates through the second permanent magnet (6).

3. The semi-active hierarchical energy dissipation variable stiffness damper according to claim 1, wherein, The piezoelectric material (1) is a single crystal material or a ceramic material.

4. The semi-active hierarchical energy dissipation variable stiffness damper according to claim 3, wherein, The single crystal material is one of quartz, lithium niobate, lead metaniobate-lead titanate.

5. The semi-active hierarchical energy dissipation variable stiffness damper according to claim 3, wherein, The ceramic material is one of lead zirconate titanate, PZT-4, PZT-5, PZT-8, PZT-6, lead magnesium zirconate titanate, lead metaniobate titanate and lead metanickelate titanate.

6. The semi-active hierarchical energy dissipation variable stiffness damper of claim 1, wherein, The material of the black box (9) is polytetrafluoroethylene.

7. The semi-active hierarchical energy dissipation variable stiffness damper of claim 1, wherein, A protective shell (10) is arranged outside the shell.

8. The semi-active hierarchical energy dissipation variable stiffness damper according to claim 7, wherein, The material of the protective shell (10) is one of steel, plastic and carbon fiber.

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