A powder separation and recovery system and method for a laser manufacturing process

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of laser manufacturing process powder separation recovery system and method, belong to laser melting deposition technology (LMD) field.It includes powder collection device, liquid tank, component powder separation recovery mechanism, particle size powder grading recovery mechanism and connecting pipeline.Component powder separation recovery mechanism is based on centrifugal separation principle and magnetic adsorption principle work, using permanent magnetic layer wall, cover scraper group and centrifugal stirring paddle (connect power source), through cover scraper group control liquid discharge and collect magnetic component powder;Particle size powder grading recovery mechanism uses gear transmission mechanism (connect power source) and detachable grading net barrel group, the rotation of grading net barrel group can make powder grading recovery more fully and reduce the phenomenon of powder jam in mesh occurs.The present application can use water, ethanol and other liquids as recovery medium, can be used alone or in combination component powder separation recovery mechanism and particle size powder grading recovery mechanism carry out the recovery of powder.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of laser melting deposition (LMD) technology, and particularly relates to a powder separation and recovery system and method for a laser manufacturing process. BACKGROUND

[0002] The statements herein are provided only to enhance understanding of the present application and are not necessarily intended to constitute the prior art.

[0003] Laser melting deposition (LMD) is an advanced manufacturing technology that uses a high-power laser beam to precisely melt and deposit metal or ceramic powder at a predetermined location, forming parts with complex geometries. Compared with traditional forming processes, LMD has a series of characteristics such as short processing cycle, flexible design, high dimensional accuracy of formed parts, and environmental protection. Using powder as the raw material for LMD process, the appropriate material composition can be selected according to the performance required by the functional layer to obtain excellent performance. When the workpiece is subjected to laser processing, the powder that is not melted and deposited will slide off, accompanied by the sliding off of the surface oxide scale and ash of the partially melted deposition layer, which may cause the mixing of flying dust and welding slag and other impurities. Due to the complexity of the composition and particle size of the powder to be recovered, without classifying and recovering the powder according to the main composition and particle size of the powder, the utilization value of the recovered powder is low, resources are wasted, and the working environment is polluted.

[0004] The technical problems to be solved by the present application are:

[0005] The existing LMD powder recovery method is not thorough, and part of the recovery mechanism, such as the powder recovery device and equipment for long shaft part surface laser cladding disclosed in patent application No. CN202122408388.7, becomes an integral part after installation, which easily interferes with the replacement of workpieces, and the practicality needs to be improved;

[0006] The existing recovery mechanism, such as the metal powder recovery device for laser cladding process disclosed in patent application No. 202120848837.7, is prone to oxidation and deterioration when in the air and water interface during operation, and the value of the recovered powder decreases, so measures need to be taken to solve the related problems;

[0007] The existing recovery method collects the powder and then uses a steel sieve for screening, such as the laser cladding powder recovery device disclosed in patent application No. 202021552655.7, the powder recovery rate is low, and there are oxides and impurity ash mixed in the recovered powder, which needs to be improved in terms of accurate classification and processing.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing powder recycling device and method, and to design a device and method that can classify and recycle powder according to the main components and particle size of the powder. SUMMARY

[0009] As described in the above background, the existing LMD powder recycling technology has the problems of incomplete cleaning, interference when replacing workpieces, time-consuming and laborious, low efficiency, etc.; most recycling mechanisms use air or water as the recycling medium, which causes the recycled powder to oxidize and deteriorate, and the metal powder at the air-water interface is easy to oxidize and deteriorate, reducing the recycling value; the existing recycling method has low screening efficiency and cannot accurately classify and process. Therefore, it is necessary to improve and optimize the existing LMD powder recycling technology.

[0010] The present application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0011] The present application provides a system for powder recycling using water, ethanol and other liquids as recycling medium, in combination with component powder separation recycling mechanism and particle size powder grading recycling mechanism, the system comprising powder collecting device, liquid adding tank, component powder separation recycling mechanism and particle size powder grading recycling mechanism connected in sequence.

[0012] The powder collecting device is used to collect powder and send the powder to the liquid adding tank.

[0013] The liquid adding tank realizes gas-liquid conversion of the recycling medium.

[0014] The component powder separation recycling mechanism is used to receive the liquid converted by the liquid adding tank, and comprises a barrel, a permanent magnetic layer wall, a centrifugal stirring paddle and a cover-connected scraper group; the barrel has a first liquid inlet hole in communication with the liquid adding tank at the upper part of the side wall, a first liquid outlet hole at the lower part of the side wall, and a centrifugal stirring paddle at the bottom; the cover-connected scraper group comprises a scraper, which is a groove-shaped scraper, and the groove wall of the groove-shaped scraper is provided with a material conveying port in communication with the first liquid inlet hole and the first liquid outlet hole.

[0015] The particle size powder grading recycling mechanism is connected with the liquid outlet hole to realize grading recycling of the particle size powder.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the powder collecting device comprises a powder suction head with a handle, a first fan and a connecting hose, the powder suction head being in communication with the first fan through the connecting hose; this design of powder suction head with handle and connecting hose has high flexibility in use, and can solve the problems of incomplete cleaning, interference when replacing workpieces, time-consuming and laborious, low efficiency, etc. existing in the existing LMD powder recycling technology.

[0017] As a further technical solution, the function of the liquid tank is to realize the recovery of medium gas-liquid conversion, which includes a top cover and a tank body, wherein the tank body has an air inlet hole, an exhaust hole, a second liquid inlet hole and a second liquid outlet hole; the air inlet hole of the liquid tank is connected with the second fan and the powder collecting device through a connecting pipeline, and the powder collected by the powder collecting device is sent to the liquid tank at this link; the second liquid inlet hole is used for adding liquid recovery medium; the second liquid outlet hole is connected with the component powder separation and recovery mechanism; the exhaust hole is arranged at the top of the tank body, and the rotation of the top cover controls whether the exhaust hole works. The liquid medium is added to the liquid tank, and because the density of the liquid medium is greater than that of air, the air in the tank body continuously rises, the volume continuously increases, the air is compressed, and the rotation of the top cover knob makes the exhaust port of the top cover coincide with the exhaust hole at the top of the liquid tank to exhaust air, and part of the dust and other light impurities will be discharged from the system with the air.

[0018] As a further technical solution, the second liquid inlet hole is arranged on the upper side of the tank body, and the second liquid outlet hole is arranged on the central bottom surface.

[0019] As a further technical solution, the cover scraping plate group of the component powder separation and recovery mechanism is composed of a barrel cover, a connecting column and a scraping plate, and the three are connected into one body by adhesion and welding. The barrel cover is made of transparent material to observe the separation of different component powders in the mechanism.

[0020] As a further technical solution, the inner groove wall of the scraping plate has a large material conveying port, and the outer groove wall has a small material conveying port which is similar in size to the liquid outlet hole. The arrangement of the two material conveying ports ensures the smoothness of the powder at the bottom of the barrel flowing out of the liquid outlet hole, and the material conveying port of the outer groove wall helps to pour the collected powder into the storage container for drying.

[0021] As a further technical solution, the outer diameter of the groove-shaped scraping plate is equal to the inner diameter of the permanent magnetic layer wall, so that the outer groove wall of the scraping plate closely adheres to the permanent magnetic layer wall, and the scraping plate more efficiently collects the magnetic component powder.

[0022] As a further technical solution, the particle size powder grading and recovery mechanism includes a barrel body, a barrel cover and a detachable grading net barrel group; the barrel body is provided with a barrel cover at both ends, a mounting hole is arranged at the center of the barrel cover at one end, the mounting hole is used for mounting a driven gear, a third liquid inlet hole is arranged on the driven gear, a detachable grading net barrel group is arranged in the barrel body, and a third liquid outlet hole is further arranged at the bottom of the barrel body; the driven gear is engaged with a driving gear, thereby driving the detachable grading net barrel group to rotate.

[0023] Further, each net barrel in the detachable grading net barrel group can be independently detached and installed.

[0024] Further, it further includes a drying box for storing the recovered powder in a dry environment.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a method for powder recovery using a liquid as a recovery medium, separately or in combination with a component powder separation recovery mechanism and a particle size powder classification recovery mechanism, using a system for powder recovery using a liquid as a recovery medium, separately or in combination with a component powder separation recovery mechanism and a particle size powder classification recovery mechanism as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0026] The powder collection device collects the powder and sends it to the liquid addition tank;

[0027] The liquid medium enters the liquid addition tank by opening the liquid addition tank;

[0028] The top vent cover of the liquid addition tank is controlled to allow air to escape from the top vent hole, and the powder enters the liquid medium under the action of gravity, and part of the impurities will be discharged from the top vent hole of the liquid addition tank, thereby achieving preliminary separation;

[0029] The powder in the liquid in the liquid addition tank enters the subsequent powder separation recovery mechanism;

[0030] Before the liquid initially enters the component powder separation recovery mechanism, the first liquid discharge hole of the powder separation recovery mechanism is closed by controlling the continuous cover scraper group;

[0031] The centrifugal stirring paddle moves, and the powder particles will contact the permanent magnetic layer wall, and the magnetic component powder will be adsorbed on the permanent magnetic layer wall, and the non-magnetic powder will enter the particle size powder classification recovery mechanism with the liquid medium by opening the barrel liquid discharge hole through the scraper;

[0032] The power source is turned off, and the magnetic component powder adsorbed on the permanent magnetic layer wall is scraped off by the scraper during the process of being lifted out of the barrel by the continuous cover scraper group and enters the groove-shaped scraper, and the recovered powder can be poured into the corresponding layer of the drying box through the outer groove wall of the groove-shaped scraper for drying, and the separation and recovery of the magnetic powder are completed after drying is completed;

[0033] The liquid discharged from the component powder separation recovery mechanism can carry the powder into the particle size powder classification recovery mechanism, and the liquid mixed with the powder can be fully classified and filtered in the particle size powder classification recovery mechanism, and different particle size impurity particles and target powder particles can be classified and separated;

[0034] After the filtration is completed, the powder in the particle size powder classification recovery mechanism is poured into a single drying tray of the drying box for drying, thereby completing the task of classifying and recovering powder of different particle sizes;

[0035] Finally, the liquid discharged from the particle size powder classification recovery mechanism is subjected to simple filtration and cleaning treatment, and then continues to enter the system through the liquid addition tank as a recovery medium, thereby realizing recycling.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0037] The present application is directed to the actual situation of powder recycling in the field of LMD, and designs a powder recycling system and method for classifying and recycling powder according to the main components and particle size of the powder. The present application can use water, ethanol and other liquids as a recycling medium, and can be used in combination with component powder separation and recovery mechanism and particle size powder classification recovery mechanism to recycle powder. The recycling is accurate and efficient, realizes component powder separation and recovery and particle size powder classification recovery, solves the problems of low screening efficiency and inability to accurately classify and process in the existing recycling method, has high practicability, and significantly improves the utilization rate of powder resources.

[0038] 2. To solve the problem that metal powder is easily oxidized and deteriorated during the recycling process and the drying process, the present application designs two measures respectively in the recycling process and the drying process after the recycling ends. In the recycling process, the present application uses liquid as a recycling medium and designs a deep barrel structure, which can effectively reduce the possibility of metal powder being in the air and water interface, thereby reducing the oxidation and deterioration of the powder. In the drying process after the recycling ends, the powder is dried in a vacuum drying box or under the protection of inert gas, thereby reducing the oxidation and deterioration of the powder. The combination of the two measures can effectively solve the problem of reduced value of the recycled powder, and maintain the use value of the recycled powder. At the same time, the recycling liquid can be reused after filtration and cleaning, avoiding dust phenomenon, and being green and environmentally friendly.

[0039] 3. The recycling system of the present application can be flexibly applied according to the composition of the recycled powder material, and uses a handheld powder suction head to solve the problems of incomplete cleaning, interference caused by replacing workpieces, time-consuming and laborious, low efficiency and other problems existing in the existing LMD powder recycling technology, and is simple to operate, practical, safe and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] The drawings accompanying the specification of the present application serve to provide a further understanding of the present application, and the schematic embodiments of the present application and their descriptions serve to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application.

[0041] Figure 1 The overall structure schematic diagram of the combination of the component powder separation and recovery mechanism and the particle size powder classification recovery mechanism disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 The structure schematic diagram of the liquid adding tank disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3 The front view (two local sections) of the structure of the component powder separation and recovery mechanism disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0044] Figure 4Structure diagram of the connecting cover scraper group of one or more embodiments of the present application;

[0045] Figure 5 Structure diagram of the particle size powder grading recovery mechanism disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0046] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the single mesh barrel disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0047] Figure 7 Structure diagram of the large gear disclosed in the embodiments of the present application;

[0048] Figure 8 Structure diagram of the large gear disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.

[0049] Wherein, 1. powder collecting device, 11. powder suction head, 12. handle, 13. connecting hose, 14. fan; 2. connecting pipeline; 3. liquid adding tank, 31. liquid adding tank body, 32. liquid adding tank cover, 33. second liquid discharging hole, 34

[0050] Air inlet hole, 35. second liquid inlet hole, 36. air outlet hole;

[0051] 4. Component powder separation and recovery mechanism, 41. barrel body, 42. connecting cover scraper group, 42a. barrel cover, 42b. connecting column, 42c. groove-shaped scraper, 43. first motor compartment, 44. permanent magnet layer wall, 45. centrifugal stirring paddle; 46. first liquid inlet hole, 47. first liquid discharging hole;

[0052] 5. Particle size powder grading recovery mechanism, 51. barrel body; 52. gear transmission mechanism, 52a. pinion, 52b. large gear, 53. second motor compartment, 54. barrel cover, 55. mesh barrel group, 56. ball bearing, 57. handle, 58. hook structure, 59. hollow support shaft, 60. mounting groove, 61. third liquid inlet hole, 62. third liquid discharging hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative only, and is intended to provide further description of the application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0054] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0055] For the convenience of description, if "up", "down", "left" and "right" appear in the present application, it only means the same direction as the upper, lower, left and right of the drawing itself, and does not limit the structure, but only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0056] As introduced in the background, in view of the deficiencies in the powder separation and recovery process in the prior art laser melting deposition, the purpose of the present application is to provide a powder recovery system and method which can use water, ethanol and other liquids as recovery medium, can use component powder separation and recovery mechanism and particle size powder classification recovery mechanism alone or in combination, can effectively improve the utilization rate of powder, can reduce the risk of powder diffusion, can be applied to various environments and working conditions, and will be described in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings.

[0057] In a typical embodiment of the present application, the present application proposes a system and method for powder recovery which can use water, ethanol and other liquids as recovery medium, can use component powder separation and recovery mechanism and particle size powder classification recovery mechanism alone or in combination, as shown in the system Figure 1 The system includes a powder collection device 1, a liquid addition tank 3, a component powder separation and recovery mechanism 4, a particle size powder classification recovery mechanism 5 and connecting pipelines. The powder collection device 1 is connected with a connecting hose 13, a handle 12 is arranged at the head of the connecting hose 13, the head of the handle 12 is a powder suction head 11, and a fan 14 is further arranged on the powder collection device 1. The powder collection device 1 is connected with the liquid addition tank 3 through the connecting pipeline 2, the liquid addition tank 3 is connected with the component powder separation and recovery mechanism 4 through a pipeline, the component powder separation and recovery mechanism 4 is connected with the particle size powder classification recovery mechanism 5. It is worth noting that the recovered powder needs to be dried by a vacuum drying oven or dried under the protection of inert gas.

[0058] As shown in Figure 2 The powder collection device in the present embodiment includes a powder suction head 11 with a handle, a fan 14 and a connecting hose 13. The powder suction head 11 is connected with the fan 14 through the connecting hose 13. The design of the powder suction head with a handle 12 and the connecting hose has high flexibility in use, and can solve the problems of incomplete cleaning, interference caused by replacement of workpieces, time-consuming and laborious, low efficiency and the like in the existing LMD powder recovery technology.

[0059] The liquid tank in this embodiment is used to realize the gas-liquid conversion of the recovered medium. Its structure includes a liquid tank body 31 and a liquid tank hole cover 32. The second liquid inlet hole 35 is arranged on the upper side of the liquid tank body 31, the second liquid outlet hole 33 and the air inlet hole 34 are arranged on the bottom of the liquid tank body 31, and a plurality of exhaust small holes 36 are arranged on the liquid tank hole cover 32. The air inlet hole of the liquid tank is connected with the fan through a connecting pipeline, and the powder collected by the powder collecting device is sent to the liquid tank at this link.

[0060] The second liquid inlet hole 35 of the liquid tank in this embodiment can be used to add liquid recovery medium. The second liquid inlet hole 35 of the tank body is arranged on the upper side of the tank body, and the second liquid outlet hole 33 is arranged on the central bottom surface. The height parameter of the tank body is large enough to effectively avoid the oxidation and deterioration of the powder due to its proximity to the air and water interface, and can accumulate the potential energy of the liquid to ensure the smoothness of the liquid discharge.

[0061] The liquid medium in this embodiment is added to the liquid tank, and because the density of the liquid medium is greater than that of air, the air in the tank body continuously rises, the volume continuously increases, the air is compressed, the knob of the rotating top hole cover is rotated to make the exhaust passage of the rotating top hole cover coincide with the exhaust small hole at the top of the liquid tank to exhaust, and part of the dust and other light impurities will be discharged from the system with the air.

[0062] The rotating knob of the top hole cover in this embodiment controls the exhaust of the exhaust small hole 36 at the top of the liquid tank. When exhaust is needed, the rotating knob of the top hole cover is rotated to make the exhaust passage of the rotating top hole cover coincide with the exhaust small hole 36 at the top of the liquid tank to exhaust, and when exhaust is not needed, the hole cover is used to cover the exhaust hole at the top of the liquid tank to stop exhaust.

[0063] The second liquid outlet hole 33 in this embodiment is connected with the subsequent powder recovery mechanism through a connecting pipeline to send the mixture of powder and liquid recovery medium to the component powder separation recovery mechanism and / or the particle size powder classification recovery mechanism.

[0064] The powder recovery system in this embodiment can separately use the component powder separation recovery mechanism to realize the separation and recovery of magnetic component powder and non-magnetic component powder.

[0065] The powder recovery system in this embodiment can separately use the particle size powder classification recovery mechanism to realize the classification recovery of powder of different particle sizes.

[0066] The powder recovery system in this embodiment can be used in the order of the component powder separation recovery mechanism and then the particle size powder classification recovery mechanism, and the separated magnetic component powder or non-magnetic component powder can be classified and recovered according to the need.

[0067] The system in this embodiment uses liquid as the recovery medium, and the liquid discharged from the liquid discharge hole of the last powder recovery mechanism can be filtered and cleaned simply and then reused as the recovery medium by entering the system through the liquid inlet pipe of the liquid tank.

[0068] If the system in this embodiment uses liquid as the recovery medium, it needs to be dried in a vacuum drying box or dried under the protection of inert gas.

[0069] As shown in Figures 3-4 The component powder separation and recovery mechanism disclosed in this embodiment, referred to as the component powder separation and recovery mechanism, is composed of a barrel body 41, a permanent magnetic layer wall 44, a centrifugal stirring paddle 45, and a cover-connected scraper group 42.

[0070] Further, the upper and lower parts of the side wall of the barrel body 41 are designed with a first liquid inlet hole 46 and a first liquid discharge hole 47, and the barrel depth parameter is large enough to effectively prevent the powder from being too close to the air and water interface to be oxidized and deteriorated and can accumulate the potential energy of the liquid to ensure the smoothness of liquid discharge. The bottom surface of the barrel body is designed with a first motor compartment 43 for installing a suitable motor to provide a power source.

[0071] Further, the permanent magnetic layer wall 44 is attached to the inner wall of the barrel body 41 and fixed, and the large magnetic adsorption area helps the magnetic powder to be separated more fully. The permanent magnetic layer wall 44 is provided with a liquid discharge hole at a position corresponding to the liquid inlet and discharge holes on the barrel body 41 to ensure that it cannot affect the smoothness of the liquid inlet and outlet of the barrel body.

[0072] Further, the centrifugal stirring paddle 45 is connected to the power source, and the power source drives the centrifugal stirring paddle to stir the liquid, so that the powder and the liquid recovery medium rotate and centrifuge. Due to the fact that the density of the powder is greater than that of the recovery medium, the powder in the liquid will approach the permanent magnetic layer wall, the magnetic component powder will be adsorbed by the permanent magnetic layer wall, and the non-magnetic component powder will fall to the bottom of the barrel.

[0073] Further, the cover-connected scraper group 42 is composed of a barrel cover 42a, a connecting column 42b, and a groove-shaped scraper 42c, which are connected into one body by adhesion and welding. The barrel cover 42a is made of transparent material to observe the separation of different component powders in the mechanism.

[0074] Further, the scraper 42c is a groove-shaped scraper, and the inner and outer groove walls are provided with suitable material conveying ports. The material conveying port of the inner groove wall is large, the material conveying port of the outer groove wall is small and meets the size similar to that of the first liquid discharge hole 47, and the setting of the two material conveying ports ensures the smoothness of the powder at the bottom of the barrel flowing out of the first liquid discharge hole 47 with the liquid, and the material conveying port of the outer groove wall helps to pour the collected powder into the storage container for drying.

[0075] Further, the continuous cover scraper group can be used to control the discharge of liquid and collect magnetic component powder. The degree of coincidence between the outer groove wall of the slot-shaped scraper 42c and the discharge hole of the barrel body controls the discharge of liquid; the magnetic component powder adsorbed on the permanent magnetic layer wall is collected by the scraper of the continuous cover scraper group 42.

[0076] Further, the outer diameter of the slot-shaped scraper is equal to the inner diameter of the permanent magnetic layer wall, which satisfies the condition that the outer groove wall of the scraper closely adheres to the permanent magnetic layer wall, so that the scraper can more efficiently collect the magnetic component powder.

[0077] The use method of the component powder separation and recovery mechanism is as follows:

[0078] 1) Before the liquid medium initially enters the component powder separation and recovery mechanism 4, the continuous cover scraper group 42 is controlled to make the outer groove wall of the slot-shaped scraper 42c not coincide with the first discharge hole 47 of the barrel body 41, so that the entire mechanism does not discharge liquid temporarily;

[0079]

[0080] 2) The powder enters the component powder separation and recovery mechanism 4 through the connecting pipeline 2;

[0081] 3) The power source of the component powder separation and recovery mechanism 4 is turned on, so that the power source drives the centrifugal stirring paddle 45 to move;

[0082] 4) The powder particles in the medium move under the action of the centrifugal stirring paddle 45, and because the density of the powder particles is greater than the density of the recovery medium, the powder particles will produce centrifugal motion;

[0083]

[0084] 5) After the centrifugal action, the powder particles will contact the permanent magnetic layer wall 44, and the magnetic component powder will be adsorbed on the permanent magnetic layer wall 44, and the non-magnetic powder will fall into the barrel bottom;

[0085]

[0086] 6) The separation of the component powder is observed through the transparent barrel cover 42a;

[0087] 7) After confirming that the separation of the magnetic powder is basically completed, the continuous cover scraper group 42 is controlled to make the outer groove wall of the slot-shaped scraper 42c coincide with the first discharge hole 47 of the barrel body 41, so that the entire mechanism starts to discharge liquid, and the non-magnetic powder will enter the subsequent processing device with the medium;

[0088] 8) The power source is turned off, and the magnetic powder adsorbed on the permanent magnetic layer wall 44 is scraped off by the outer groove wall of the slot-shaped scraper 42c into the slot-shaped scraper 42c during the process that the continuous cover scraper group 42 is lifted out of the barrel body 41;

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] ​​​​​9) Subsequently, the recovered powder can be poured into the corresponding drying chamber through the feed port on the outer wall of the trough-shaped scraper 42c.

[0092] The layers are dried, and the separation and recovery of the magnetic powder are completed after the drying is finished;

[0093] 10) The medium discharged from the component powder separation and recovery mechanism 4 can carry non-magnetic powder into the subsequent device.

[0094] like Figures 5-8 As shown, the powder separation and recycling mechanism for graded recycling of different particle sizes disclosed in this embodiment, referred to as particle size powder grading and recycling mechanism 5, includes a barrel body 51, a barrel cover 54, a gear transmission mechanism 52, and a detachable grading mesh barrel group 55.

[0095] Furthermore, a large-diameter central mounting hole is formed at the center of the end face of the barrel 51. This mounting hole is used to install a large gear 52b supporting a hollow shaft with a ball bearing 56. A third drain hole 62 is designed on the lower side of the barrel 51. A second motor compartment 53 is designed on the upper side of the barrel for installing a suitable motor to provide a power source, specifically as follows... Figure 5 As shown, an installation hole is provided at the center of the left end face of the barrel 51, and a third drain hole 62 is provided at the lower part of the barrel 51 near the right end face of the barrel 51.

[0096] Furthermore, the gear transmission mechanism 52 is composed of a small gear 52a and a large gear 52b meshing with each other. The small gear 52a is connected to the power source, and the large gear 52b is connected to the mesh bucket assembly 55.

[0097] Furthermore, the size of the large gear 52b is determined by the size of the mesh barrel assembly, and the size of the small gear 52a is determined by the transmission ratio of the gear transmission mechanism and the size of the large gear 52b. A hollow support shaft 59 is provided at the center of the large gear. The hollow support shaft 59 is installed in the mounting hole on the end face of the barrel 51 through a bearing, and the hollow support shaft 59 forms a third liquid inlet hole 61. An arc-shaped through hole is also provided on the side of the barrel 51, through which the small gear 52a can extend into the barrel 51 to mesh with the large gear 52b.

[0098] Furthermore, the mesh bucket assembly 55 is mounted on the end face of the large gear 52b, and the supporting hollow shaft of the large gear 52b is mounted at the center hole of the end face of the bucket body 51 through a ball bearing 56 of appropriate size. The connecting pipe 2 is deeply inserted into the mesh bucket assembly 55 through the center liquid inlet hole of the bucket body 51 and the center liquid inlet hole of the large gear 52b.

[0099] Further, the net barrel group 55 is composed of multiple net barrels with the same axis, parallel barrel bottoms, consistent barrel opening directions, and different aperture sizes (for example, the aperture sizes from the inner to the outer can be set as 105 μm, 45 μm, and 15 μm, respectively). After sufficient grading filtration, the particles with a particle size greater than 105 μm are left in the innermost first-stage net barrel; the target powder particles with a particle size between 45 μm and 105 μm are left between the first-stage net barrel and the second-stage net barrel; the target powder particles with a particle size between 15 μm and 45 μm are left between the second-stage net barrel and the third-stage net barrel; and the dust and other impurities with a particle size less than 15 μm flow out of the system along with the liquid recovery medium.

[0100] Further, the opening end of each net barrel in the detachable grading net barrel group is designed with a hook claw structure 58, the number of special-shaped through hole gear end surfaces is equal to the number of corresponding stage installation slots 60, and the position distribution is correspondingly matched. This design enables each net barrel to form a mortise and tenon structure through the cooperation between the hook claw structure and the corresponding stage installation slot, thereby achieving disassembly and installation and ensuring the stability and reliability of the connection.

[0101] Further, the end surface installation slot 60 of the large gear 52a cooperates with the hook claw structure of the corresponding net barrel to form a mortise and tenon structure, is fixed on the large gear and can rotate together with the large gear, and enables the powder particles stuck in the pores to fall under the action of gravity and liquid flow, which can effectively prevent the powder particles from being stuck in the net holes.

[0102] Further, the hook claw structure 58 is opposite to the rotation direction of the large gear and the net barrel group, thereby ensuring that the large gear and the net barrel group rotate together and reducing the possibility of accidental falling.

[0103] Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the other end of each net barrel is designed with a handle 57, the net barrel group is manually rotated in the rotation direction of the net barrel group by using the handle 57, the net barrel group is pulled out of the barrel body, and the disassembly is completed; the installation of the net barrel is opposite to the operation process. Figure 7

[0104] Further, the barrel cover material is selected to be transparent to observe the grading and separation of the powder with different particle sizes in the mechanism.

[0105] The specific use method is as follows:

[0106] 1) The motor installed in the second motor compartment 53 as a power source is turned on in advance;

[0107] 2) The pinion 52a in the gear transmission mechanism 52 is connected to the power source and rotates, and then the gear transmission mechanism composed of the pinion 52a and the large gear 52b rotates;

[0108] 3) The large gear 52b is connected to the net barrel group 55 and rotates the net barrel group 55.

[0109] ​3) The end face recess of the large gear 52b of the particle size powder grading and recycling mechanism 5 cooperates with the corresponding protruding part of the opening end of the mesh barrel to form a mortise and tenon structure, which is fixed on the large gear 52b, and the mesh barrel group 55 can rotate with the large gear 52b when the power source is turned on;

[0110]

[0111] 4) The medium can carry the powder into the particle size powder grading and recycling mechanism 5, and the deep insertion of the connecting pipeline 2 into the innermost mesh barrel of the mesh barrel group 55 of the particle size powder grading and recycling mechanism 5 allows the medium mixed with the powder to be fully graded and filtered in the mesh barrel group 55;

[0112]

[0113] 5) The mesh barrel group 55 performs multi-stage filtering, and the rotation of the mesh barrel group 55 allows the powder particles stuck in the pores to fall under the action of gravity and medium flow, preventing the powder particles from being stuck in the mesh holes;

[0114]

[0115] 6) After grading and filtering, the powders of different particle sizes enter the corresponding level mesh barrels of the mesh barrel group 55;

[0116] 7) After the filtering is completed, the power source is turned off, the barrel cover 54 is opened, the mesh barrels are graded and taken out from the outside to the inside, and the powders in the single mesh barrel are poured into the single drying tray of the drying box for drying, thereby completing the task of grading and recycling powders of different particle sizes.

[0117]

[0118] The following is an example of the use of the component powder separation and recycling mechanism and the particle size powder grading and recycling mechanism together, and the specific method includes the following steps:

[0119] 1) Start the fan 14, and the powder collecting device 1 starts to collect the powder;

[0120] 2) The powder enters the fan 14 through the powder suction head 1 with a handle, and then enters the liquid adding tank 3;

[0121] 3) Open the liquid inlet pipe of the liquid adding tank 3, and the liquid medium enters the liquid adding tank 3. Control the liquid adding tank cover 32 to make the exhaust hole at the top of the liquid adding tank exhaust, and the powder enters the liquid medium under the action of gravity. Some dust and other impurities will be discharged from the exhaust hole at the top of the liquid adding tank, thereby realizing preliminary separation;

[0122] 4) The powder in the liquid adding tank enters the subsequent powder separation and recycling mechanism through the connecting pipeline 2;

[0123] 5) Before the liquid initially enters the component powder separation and recycling mechanism 4, control the connecting cover scraper group 42 to close the first liquid outlet hole 47 of the barrel body 41;

[0124] ​​​​6) open the power source of the ingredient powder separation and recovery mechanism 4, and make the power source drive the centrifugal stirring paddle 45 to move. The powder particles in the liquid will contact the permanent magnetic layer wall 44 under the centrifugal action because their density is greater than that of the recovery medium. The magnetic powder will be adsorbed on the permanent magnetic layer wall 44. The non-magnetic powder will enter the subsequent processing device with the liquid medium by controlling the continuous cover scraper group 42 to open the first liquid discharge hole 47 of the barrel body 41.

[0125] 7) close the power source. The magnetic powder adsorbed on the permanent magnetic layer wall 44 is scraped into the groove-shaped scraper 42c by the outer groove wall of the groove-shaped scraper 42c during the process of being taken out of the barrel body 41 by the continuous cover scraper group 42. The recovered powder can be poured into the corresponding layer of the drying box through the outer groove wall of the groove-shaped scraper 42c for drying. The separation and recovery of the magnetic powder are completed after drying.

[0126] 8) The liquid discharged from the ingredient powder separation and recovery mechanism 4 can enter the particle size powder classification and recovery mechanism 5 with the powder. The connecting pipeline 2 is deeply inserted into the innermost layer of the net barrel group 55, so that the liquid mixed with the powder can be fully classified and filtered in the net barrel group 55.

[0127] 9) The large gear end face recess hole and the special convex part of the corresponding net barrel opening end form a mortise and tenon structure fixed on the large gear 52b. The net barrel group 55 can rotate with the large gear 52b by opening the power source, so that the powder particles stuck in the pores fall under the action of gravity and liquid flow, preventing the powder particles from being stuck in the mesh.

[0128] 10) After the filtration is completed, the power source is closed, the barrel cover 54 is opened, the net barrels are classified and taken out from the outside to the inside, and the powder in the single net barrel is poured into the single drying disc of the drying box for drying, thereby completing the task of classifying and recovering the powder of different particle sizes.

[0129] 11) It is worth noting that the recovered powder needs to be dried by a vacuum drying box or dried under the protection of inert gas.

[0130] 12) The liquid discharged from the third liquid discharge hole of the last particle size powder classification and recovery mechanism 5 is subjected to simple filtration and cleaning treatment, and then continues to be used as the recovery medium by entering the system through the liquid inlet pipe of the liquid tank for repeated use.

[0131] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A powder separation and recovery system for laser manufacturing processes, characterized in that, It includes a powder collection device, a liquid addition tank, a component powder separation and recovery mechanism, and a particle size powder classification and recovery mechanism connected in sequence; it uses water or ethanol as the recovery medium and uses the component powder separation and recovery mechanism and the particle size powder classification and recovery mechanism in combination to recover powder; The powder collection device is used to collect powder and deliver the powder into the liquid addition tank. The liquid addition tank realizes the gas-liquid conversion of the recovery medium. It has a small vent hole and a top cover at the top. The operation of the vent hole is controlled by rotating the top cover. The liquid addition tank includes a top cover and a tank body. The tank body has an air inlet, a small vent hole, a second liquid inlet, and a second liquid outlet. The air inlet of the liquid addition tank is connected to a second blower and a powder collection device via a connecting pipe. The second liquid inlet is used to add the liquid recovery medium. The second liquid outlet is connected to a component powder separation and recovery mechanism. The vent hole is located at the top of the tank body. The component powder separation and recovery mechanism is used to receive the liquid after conversion by the liquid addition tank. It includes a barrel body, a permanent magnet layer, a centrifugal stirring paddle, and a covered scraper assembly. The upper part of the side wall of the barrel body has a first liquid inlet hole communicating with the liquid addition tank, and the lower part of the side wall of the barrel body has a first liquid outlet hole. The centrifugal stirring paddle is installed at the bottom of the barrel body. The covered scraper assembly includes a scraper, which is a trough-shaped scraper. The trough wall of the trough-shaped scraper has a conveying port that can communicate with the first liquid inlet hole and the first liquid outlet hole. The particle size classification and recovery mechanism is connected to the drain hole to realize the classification and recovery of particle size powder. The particle size classification and recovery mechanism includes a barrel body, a barrel cover, and a detachable classification mesh barrel assembly. A barrel cover is provided at both ends of the barrel body, with a mounting hole at the center of one end of the cover. The mounting hole is used to install a driven gear, and a third liquid inlet is provided on the driven gear. The detachable classification mesh barrel assembly is installed inside the barrel body, and a third liquid outlet is also provided at the bottom of the barrel body. The driven gear meshes with the driving gear, thereby driving the detachable classification mesh barrel assembly to rotate.

2. The powder separation and recovery system for laser manufacturing processes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The powder collection device includes a collection bucket, a powder suction head with a handle installed on the collection bucket, and a first fan. The powder suction head is connected to the first fan via a connecting hose.

3. The powder separation and recovery system for laser manufacturing processes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second liquid inlet is located on the upper side of the tank body, and the second liquid outlet is located in the center of the bottom surface.

4. The powder separation and recovery system for laser manufacturing processes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the grooved scraper is equal to the inner diameter of the permanent magnet layer wall.

5. The powder separation and recovery system for laser manufacturing processes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The detachable grading mesh barrel assembly consists of multiple mesh barrels with overlapping axes and different apertures, and each mesh barrel can be disassembled and installed independently.

6. The powder separation and recovery system for laser manufacturing processes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a drying chamber to preserve the recovered powder in a dry environment.

7. The recovery method of the powder separation and recovery system for laser manufacturing processes as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The powder collection device collects the powder and sends it into the liquid addition tank. Open the filling tank, and the liquid medium enters the filling tank; Controlling the top cover of the liquid addition tank allows the vent hole at the top of the liquid addition tank to release air. The powder enters the liquid medium under the action of gravity, and some impurities will be discharged from the vent hole at the top of the liquid addition tank with the air, thus achieving preliminary separation. The powder in the liquid in the addition tank enters the subsequent powder separation and recovery mechanism; Before the liquid initially enters the component powder separation and recovery mechanism, the drain hole of the powder separation and recovery mechanism is closed by controlling the cover scraper assembly; The centrifugal stirring paddle moves, and the powder particles will come into contact with the permanent magnet layer wall. The magnetic component powder will be adsorbed on the permanent magnet layer wall. The drain hole of the barrel is opened by the trough scraper, and the non-magnetic powder will enter the particle size classification and recovery mechanism with the liquid medium. When the power source is turned off, the magnetic component powder adsorbed on the permanent magnet layer wall is scraped off by the outer wall of the trough scraper during the process of being lifted out of the barrel by the connecting cover scraper group. The recovered powder can then be poured into the corresponding layer of the drying box through the feed port on the outer wall of the trough scraper for drying. After drying, the separation and recovery of the magnetic powder is completed. The liquid discharged from the component powder separation and recovery unit can carry the powder into the particle size powder classification and recovery unit. The liquid mixed with powder can be fully classified and filtered in the particle size powder classification and recovery unit, and impurity particles and target powder particles of different sizes can be separated. After filtration, the powder in the particle size classification and recovery mechanism is poured into a single drying tray in a drying box for drying, thus completing the task of classifying and recovering powders of different particle sizes. The liquid discharged from the final particle size classification and recovery unit is then filtered and cleaned before being used as a recovery medium and fed back into the system via a liquid addition tank for reuse.

Images