Root bag placement and fertilization method for experimental planting of tree species

Abstract

The present application discloses a root bag placement and fertilization method for experimental planting of tree species, including root bag placement and fertilization treatment, wherein the root bag placement includes seed selection, tree; root bag placement; soil sampling. After the root bag is placed for about 1 month, fertilization treatment is started, which includes fertilizer, fertilizer amount, fertilization method and fertilization time. The present invention selects the lignified lateral roots of the tree species, and sets the root bag on the lateral root. Through the coordinated control of the root bag and fertilization, as well as the differentiated control of the root size of the species, it can effectively distinguish the response of the roots of different species to nutrients, so that all species can start from a new starting point for growth. The differentiated response of the roots of different species to nutrients can be judged, which is conducive to selecting suitable tree species for greening or economic forest production in places with different soil nutrients.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tree species planting, and in particular to a root bag placement and fertilization method for experimental tree species planting. Background Art

[0002] Humanity's irrational exploitation of natural resources is the primary cause of ecological imbalance. Deforestation, deforestation, and overgrazing damage forests and grasslands, leading to soil erosion, desertification, and frequent sandstorms. Trees regulate the climate and maintain ecological balance; they protect against wind and sand, conserve water and soil; they reduce noise pollution; they lower temperatures and increase humidity, and so on. Therefore, through continued tree planting, we can effectively improve the human living environment.

[0003] The differences in geographical environment, soil environment, and tree species result in different growth states for each tree in different growing environments. The influence of tree roots on tree growth specifically includes the following characteristic reasons:

[0004] (1) The production patterns of absorptive tree fine roots and their associated mycorrhizal fungi are complementary among different species, and the acquisition of nutrients is also complementary; fine-rooted species mainly use absorptive fine roots to obtain nutrients, while coarse-rooted species rely more on mycorrhizae for nutrition.

[0005] (2) plants increase root length but reduce mycorrhizal infestation in response to nutrient-rich patches;

[0006] (3) Root structural characteristics (such as root branching intensity or ratio) show more phenotypic plasticity in response to nutrient-rich patches than root morphological characteristics (such as root diameter or length of standard roots).

[0007] (4) Compared with root morphological traits (such as root diameter or root length), root structural traits (such as root branching intensity or ratio) show more phenotypic plasticity in response to nutrient-rich patches.

[0008] As for the influence of tree roots on their growth, since the roots grow in the soil layer, the usual excavation method can only see the results accumulated over a long period of time and cannot determine the source. Therefore, it is impossible to intuitively know the growth of the tree's roots during the growth process, and it is difficult to promote the growth of the tree. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In response to the above-mentioned problems, the present application aims to provide a root bag placement and fertilization method for experimental planting of tree species. By coordinating the control of root bags and fertilization, as well as differentiating the root sizes of species, the responses of roots of different species to nutrients can be effectively distinguished, which is conducive to selecting suitable tree species for greening or economic forest production in places with different soil nutrients.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: a root bag placement and fertilization method for experimental tree species planting, characterized in that it includes root bag placement and fertilization treatment, wherein the root bag placement includes the following steps:

[0011] A. Selection of species and trees

[0012] The selected tree species were healthy forest trees located in the main canopy layer, with similar diameter at breast height, located in the same forest plot, and the fine, medium, and coarse root species were selected in pairs, with fine root diameter <0.2 mm, medium root diameter 0.3-0.4 mm, and coarse root diameter >0.5 mm, and the site conditions were basically the same;

[0013] B. Root bag placement

[0014] Trace a lignified lateral root from the base of the trunk to a root diameter of 4 mm and take a photo at this outer diameter. Cut off the absorbing root on the lateral root. Then, introduce the lateral root approximately 25 cm in length into a root bag filled with 3 kg of forest soil passed through a 2 mm sieve and a numbered plastic tag.

[0015] Then cover the root bag with a layer of nylon mesh that is the same size as the bag, water it, and finally cover it with the original humus layer and water it again. In addition, erect a marker next to each root bag;

[0016] C. Taking soil samples

[0017] In the soil layer near each root bag, part of the sieved forest soil was bagged and refrigerated, and the remaining soil was air-dried and placed in a ziplock bag;

[0018] After the root bag has been in place for about a month, fertilization treatment can be started, which includes the following conditions:

[0019] 1) Fertilizer: control CK, N fertilizer, P fertilizer and NP fertilizer;

[0020] 2) Fertilizer application rate: The N and P fertilizer content added to the soil should be 4 times the background N and P fertilizer content in the soil before fertilization;

[0021] 3) Fertilization method: Fertilizers were dissolved in water, and each fertilizer was randomly sprayed on multiple root bags around each tree;

[0022] 4) Fertilization time: Fertilize once a month or so, and each fertilization should be done before 10:00 in the morning or after 16:00 in the afternoon.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the present invention selects the lignified lateral roots of tree species, sets root bags on the lateral roots, and through the coordinated control of the root bags and fertilization, as well as the differentiated control of the root sizes of the species (the same root bag size and fertilization treatment can be used to check the effects of the species), can effectively distinguish the responses of the roots of different species to nutrients, allow all species to start from a new growth starting point, and judge the differentiated responses of the roots of different species to nutrients, which is conducive to selecting suitable tree species for greening or economic forest production in places with different soil nutrients. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 These are the lignified lateral roots selected in the examples of this application.

[0025] Figure 2 The lignified roots of the absorbing root branches are removed in the examples of this application.

[0026] Figure 3 The lignified roots selected for the examples of the present application were introduced into root bags containing about 3 kg of sieved forest soil.

[0027] Figure 4 In the embodiment of the present application, the root bag is covered with a layer of nylon mesh, watered, and has a marker (marked with a red circle).

[0028] Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present application, the root bag is buried back in the soil and covered with the original humus layer.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a graphical representation of the extension length and mycorrhizal infection rate of various species after fertilization in the examples of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to enable ordinary technicians in this field to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the technical solution of the present application is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] Refer to the attached Figure 1-6 The root bag placement and fertilization method for a tree species trial planting shown includes the following implementation steps:

[0032] 1. Materials List

[0033] 30*30cm root bags and mesh (576 each); scissors (3); camera (1); rulers (2); diameter at breast height ruler (1); 2mm sieve (1); No. 6 ziplock bags (1160); hang tags (1728); colored plastic chopsticks (576); spray bottles (2); pencils; pocket knives; erasers; markers; and notebooks.

[0034] 2. Root bag experiment arrangement

[0035] 1. Select seeds and trees

[0036] The selected tree species were located in the same forest plot. Fine-, medium-, and coarse-rooted tree species were selected in pairs, with root diameters as shown in Table 1. Site conditions were generally consistent. The selected tree species were healthy, located in the primary canopy layer, and had similar diameters at breast height (DBH).

[0037] deal with 1st level root diameter (mm) Lifestyle Number of species species Root Bag / Tree Total root bag fine roots <0.2 evergreen 3 4 12 144 Medium-thick roots 0.3-0.4 evergreen 3 4 12 144 Fallen Leaves 3 4 12 144 Thick roots >0.5 evergreen 3 4 12 144 total 12 576

[0038] Table 1

[0039] 2. Root bag placement and soil sampling

[0040] 1) Root bag placement: In the soil layer 0-20 cm deep, trace a lignified lateral root from the base of the trunk to the point where the root diameter is 4 mm ( Figure 1 (As shown) This diameter value is convenient for the root system to re-sprout and reach a certain number. Take a photo of the lignified root with a diameter of 4mm, record the fixed starting position, and cut off the absorbing root above it ( Figure 2 As shown), to ensure that the absorbing roots that will grow in the future are all new roots, and then introduce a length of about 25cm (to ensure that there are enough roots to grow for comparison) into the root bag (30*30cm) ( Figure 3 shown);

[0041] The root bags are used to limit the spatial range of all root growth and ensure the consistency of treatment. The bags are filled with about 3kg of forest soil that has been sieved through a 2mm sieve (to remove large stones, etc.), which can ensure that the soil is sufficient to cover the roots. At the same time, a labeled plastic tag is placed in the bag.

[0042] Cover the root bag with a layer of nylon mesh that is equal to the size difference ( Figure 4 As shown), it is used to separate the bag from the outside space to facilitate later sampling, water it, and finally cover it with the original humus layer ( Figure 5 In addition, place a marker ( Figure 4-5 To facilitate fertilization and sample harvesting later, 12 root bags are preferably placed around each tree.

[0043] 2) Soil sampling: Approximately 1 kg of forest soil, sieved through a 2 mm sieve, was collected from the soil layer 0-20 cm deep near each root bag and placed in a No. 6 ziplock bag (approximately 20 g was bagged and refrigerated; the remainder was air-dried) to facilitate comparison before and after processing.

[0044] 2. Fertilization treatment

[0045] Leave the root bag in place for about a month and then start fertilizing.

[0046] 1. Fertilizer: control CK (no fertilizer), potassium nitrate (KNO3) as N fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) as P fertilizer, potassium nitrate + potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KNO3 + KH2PO4) as NP fertilizer.

[0047] 2. Amount of fertilizer: The content of N and P fertilizers applied to the soil should be 4 times the background N and P fertilizer content in the soil before fertilization to ensure that the root growth and development will not be affected by lack of fertilizer.

[0048] 3. Fertilization method: The fertilizers were dissolved in water and each fertilizer was randomly sprayed on three root bags around each tree.

[0049] 4. Fertilization time: Fertilize once every month. Each time, fertilize before 10:00 in the morning or after 16:00 in the afternoon to avoid the time period with the strongest sunlight intensity.

[0050] Table 2 below compares the recovery of the main indicators of the four absorbing roots of 14 tree species implemented by the present invention after root cutting without fertilization:

[0051]

[0052] Table 2

[0053] The extension length and mycorrhizal infection rate of each species after fertilization are as follows Figure 6 As shown, a clear complementarity between absorptive fine roots and mycorrhizal fungi in their foraging of belowground resources was found: fine-rooted species primarily utilized absorptive fine roots for nutrient uptake, while coarse-rooted species were more dependent on mycorrhizal fungi. Furthermore, plants significantly increased root length but reduced mycorrhizal infestation in response to +NPK patches, indicating that roots were favored over mycorrhizal fungi when foraging in nutrient-rich patches. These findings suggest that root traits and soil nutrient conditions jointly regulate root-mycorrhizal interactions.

[0054] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of this application. Various changes and improvements may be made to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Such changes and improvements shall fall within the scope of the application claimed. The scope of protection claimed in this application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A root bag placement and fertilization method for experimental planting of tree species, characterized in that: The root bag placement process includes the following steps: A. Selection of species and trees The selected tree species were healthy forest trees located in the main canopy layer, with similar diameter at breast height, located in the same forest plot, and the fine-, medium-, and coarse-rooted tree species were selected in pairs with consistent site conditions; B. Root bag placement Trace a lignified lateral root from the base of the trunk to a point where the root diameter is 4 mm and take a photo at that point. Cut off the absorbing root on this lateral root and then introduce the lateral root into a root bag filled with sieved forest soil and a numbered plastic tag. Then cover the root bag with a layer of nylon mesh that is the same size as the bag, water it, and finally cover it with the original humus layer and water it again. In addition, erect a marker next to each root bag; C. Taking soil samples In the soil layer near each root bag, part of the sieved forest soil was bagged and refrigerated, and the remaining soil was air-dried and placed in a ziplock bag; After the root bags have been in place for 1 month, fertilization treatment can be started, which includes the following conditions: 1) Fertilizer: control CK, N fertilizer, P fertilizer and NP fertilizer; 2) Amount of fertilizer: The content of N and P fertilizers applied to the soil should be 4 times the background N and P fertilizer content in the soil before fertilization.

2. The root bag placement and fertilization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step A, the diameter of fine roots is <0.2 mm, the diameter of medium-thick roots is 0.3-0.4 mm, and the diameter of thick roots is >0.5 mm.

3. The root bag placement and fertilization method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step B, the root bag has a specification of 30*30 cm, and the length of the lateral roots placed in the root bag is 25 cm.

4. The root bag placement and fertilization method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step B, the forest soil was sieved through a 2 mm sieve and loaded with a mass of 3 kg.

5. The root bag placement and fertilization method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fertilization treatment is carried out in the following manner: fertilizers are dissolved in water, and each type of fertilizer is randomly sprayed on a plurality of root bags around each tree.

6. The root bag placement and fertilization method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fertilization time of the fertilization treatment is: fertilize once a month, and each fertilization should be carried out before 10:00 in the morning or after 16:00 in the afternoon.

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