Uses of the composition in optical measurement technology applications

Abstract

This invention relates to novel compositions suitable for applications, particularly optical measurement technology, especially 3D scanning technology, as well as methods for manufacturing and using said compositions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to compositions comprising one or more substituted adamantane compounds and solvents, which are suitable for use in optical measurement techniques, particularly 3D scanning and photogrammetry, as well as methods for preparing and using said compositions. Background Technology

[0002] The quality of optical measurements largely depends on the optical properties of the object's surface. Typically, diffuse light reflection is required on the outer boundary surfaces of the object. When the surface of the object is partially or completely transparent, translucent, absorbent, reflective, glossy, or black, most currently available measurement devices struggle to produce sufficiently high-quality and accurate measurements / scans. Attempts to compensate for these deficiencies by adapting the light source, sensor, and optical image to the object's characteristics, for example, often prove ineffective or insufficient in providing optimal imaging of the desired quality. Furthermore, measurement and positioning strategies designed to avoid erroneous measurements or reduce artifacts not only require specialized knowledge but are also typically time-consuming and technically demanding.

[0003] To prepare a surface for optical measurements (e.g., 3D scanning measurements) that would otherwise be impossible or difficult to measure accurately, one method known in the art is to apply an anti-reflective coating to the surface to be measured, thereby making the surface opaque or matte. To obtain an optimal surface for scanning, and thus to achieve minimal measurement error during scanning, it is important to apply a coating of minimal but uniform thickness.

[0004] One such method involves coating a pigment-containing reagent onto a surface to be measured / scanned, particularly with inorganic pigment-based whitening agents such as titanium dioxide, chalk, or barium sulfate. This coating is durable on the surface it is applied to. However, this method of preparing a matte, opaque surface is only suitable when there are no limitations on the purity or cleanliness of the object to be coated / measured or the area or space in which the coating / measurement is performed, as the released pigments can contaminate the system, equipment (including scanning devices such as 3D scanners themselves), the areas where they are used, and the laboratory. Furthermore, recent studies have identified released pigment particles, such as TiO2, as a potential health risk because airborne particles are easily inhaled into lung tissue, where they can remain and cause serious health problems, including lung cancer.

[0005] Another problem with using such pigment-based coatings is that the deposited anti-reflective layer must be removed again after measurement in order to restore the object to its original state. This presents a particular problem when the object being measured is not of negligible value and / or when simple post-measurement handling is undesirable. Ensuring complete removal of the coating is complex and not always satisfactory when it is applied to large, extended surfaces, as residual coating material often remains on the surface. For sensitive and / or fragile objects, such as structural components from precision engineering fields, especially those exhibiting micropores or open-pore structures, the application of such pigment-based coatings inevitably leads to irreversible contamination or abrasion on the surface when attempting to remove the coating. Typical methods for removing pigment-based coatings from scanned objects also involve the use of chemical cleaners, which are often undesirable or even incompatible with the coated object. Therefore, even if successful, such cleaning methods are typically extremely complex and time-consuming, making them technically or economically unattractive. Another disadvantage often associated with using such pigment-based coatings is the formation of a relatively thick, high-grained coating. Correspondingly, this characteristic can cause significant errors, distortions, and irregularities in the results of measurements using optical microscopy and scanning techniques. Therefore, to provide optimal measurement results with high accuracy, it is preferable to coat the surface to be measured with a thin, low-particle-size anti-reflective coating. As mentioned above, if a pigment-based coating is used, another unavoidable problem is contamination of the equipment used in the scanning process. Scanning equipment, such as lenses, cooling fans, and filters, becomes contaminated with pigments and therefore requires regular cleaning or even replacement.

[0006] Objects subjected to optical measurements using techniques such as 3D scanning are often components of other products, including mechanical products. Therefore, the objects to be scanned are typically protected from environmental influences by the presence of coatings such as oil or lubricants (e.g., to inhibit corrosion). When using pigment-based reagents, providing a suitable anti-reflective coating on such objects is often impossible because the pigments interact with the oil or lubricant on the object's surface, resulting in an uneven surface or even clumps of pigment / oil. This not only has the disadvantage of not being able to form a coating that allows the object to be scanned, but also removes the protective oil / lubricant layer from the object, thus undesirably exposing it to the environment. For the manufacturers of such objects, cleaning the object and reapplying a protective oil / lubricant layer to the parts where, for example, 3D scanning is performed to minimize exposure time to the environment may also be undesirable, especially if the object is of high value, fragile, etc.

[0007] To perform optical measurements, such as 3D scanning, a series of adhesive dots or spots must typically be applied to the surface of the object to be scanned. These dots or spots act as reference points for the scanner, helping it establish an accurate copy of the measurement surface. If an insufficient number of reference dots or spots are used, additional dots or spots must be applied to the surface to be scanned to provide enough reference points for the scanner to produce a high-quality scan. Another drawback of pigment-based sprays in this regard is that the surface is typically sprayed after the reference dots or spots have been applied. If it is subsequently determined that the number of reference dots applied to establish the desired scan quality is insufficient, additional dots or spots must be applied on top of the pigment coating. This is problematic because it requires handling the sprayed object, during which the pigment can easily be removed from the surface upon contact. In fact, this leads to a more general problem: even with slight contact, such a pigment coating can easily be undesirably removed / smudged / blurred (damaged) from the surface to be scanned, as the object to be scanned must often be rotated or manipulated by hand to perform a full scan of the surface. Therefore, a product capable of forming a coating on a surface to be scanned that is sufficiently robust to withstand touch and handling without negatively impacting the quality of the scannable surface (or at least not to the point where a sufficiently high-quality scan cannot be produced again; also known as "damage resistance") would be of great benefit to this field. Furthermore, providing a product that exhibits versatility, allowing the application of the desired adhesion points or spots to the scanner after the coating has been formed on the object to be scanned, and allowing its removal and possible subsequent reapplication without substantially adversely affecting the adhesion of the coated surface or the points or spots (thus allowing for reuse), would also constitute an advantage over known prior art solutions.

[0008] In view of the above, an ideal composition for applying an anti-reflective coating to an object for optical measurement applications such as those mentioned above would be free of pigments such as TiO2, yet still form a coating upon application to the object surface. This coating improves the scannability of the object by achieving uniform diffuse reflection of light in all directions, while also possessing excellent surface finish and uniformity, extremely low thickness, and excellent resistance to damage. Ideally, the composition would have the ability to form a high-quality coating on an oiled surface. Furthermore, the anti-reflective coating formed by this composition should not adversely affect the adhesion of the aforementioned dots to the object to be scanned, and should allow for the removal and reapplication of these dots on the object without causing the coating surface to lose its gloss. A particular advantage is that the anti-reflective coating leaves the scanned object in its original, uncoated state after measurement, eliminating the need for user actions such as cleaning or wiping the surface to remove it. Finally, from the perspective of consumers / end-users and the environment, the antireflective coating should be odorless or have no unpleasant odor (and ideally, a pleasant odor), and should contain as few harmful chemical compounds as possible (e.g., according to Regulation 1907 / 2006 (EC), the safety data sheets for the corresponding chemical components present in the materials used to provide the surface coating should report as few environmental and health hazards / risks as possible, and as few warnings as possible under the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)). An additional desirable characteristic is that the end-user can use the formed coating directly (or with minimal operation and effort) in all conceivable / needed situations, without the need for any specially designed instruments or equipment, thereby allowing, in particular, on-site (“in-situ”) application of the coating, and not just in specially constructed or equipped laboratories or areas. In this regard, it would be further advantageous if the coating could withstand normal or even extreme weather conditions, such as direct exposure to water, strong winds, ultraviolet radiation, and other conditions associated with outdoor work.

[0009] Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a composition that can form a coating on the surface of an object, which satisfies one or more properties associated with the above-described ideal antireflective coating and corresponding composition, and more preferably, as many properties as possible.

[0010] In this field, methods have been sought to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks of post-measurement coating removal associated with such pigment-based coating methods. To this end, coating materials that are volatile at or slightly above room temperature have been investigated. Due to their volatility, these agents evaporate or sublimate from the coating surface in a relatively short time, leaving no residue on the surface without requiring active removal of the coating through cleaning, scrubbing, wiping, washing, or other methods.

[0011] One known method for forming such a coating originates from the fields of archaeology and restoration and involves applying cyclododecane (commonly abbreviated as CCD or CDD) to the surface to be scanned. This is achieved by first providing a CCD solution in pressurized (and thus liquefied) propellant gas in a spray can and then spraying the solution onto the surface to be measured (e.g., this product is available from Deffner & Johann GmbH, Germany, under the trade name "Cyclodecan Spray"). While this method addresses some of the aforementioned drawbacks associated with pigment-based sprays by producing a sublimable coating, a significant disadvantage is that the formation of CCD crystals during application results in a coarse, highly granular coating exhibiting irregular layer thickness and needle-like crystals. Such a layer is therefore unsuitable for performing precise, high-resolution optical scanning / measurement due to uncorrectable measurement errors. This spray also contains a high concentration of CCD, which can be disadvantageous from a cost perspective. Furthermore, the coating produced by this CCD spray is easily smeared or soiled (damaged) during handling, and the reference points or spots required by the scanner to produce reliable, high-quality scans can at best adhere poorly to the coating. Removing adhesion points or spots from CCD-coated surfaces typically has a negative impact on coating quality, and these points or spots are usually not reusable. CCD-based anti-reflective products also often have the drawback of having an odor or fragrance that end-users may find unpleasant.

[0012] In view of the drawbacks associated with such known CCD-based compositions, as disclosed in WO 2020 / 089481 (PCT / EP2019 / 080073), the inventors have developed improved compositions for providing coatings required for such optical measurement applications. These compositions improve upon the aforementioned prior art CCD-based compositions and involve compositions comprising adamantane and a solvent (a hydrocarbon (or mixture of hydrocarbons) with a boiling point (or boiling point range) of 25°C (or higher). Coatings produced using such compositions with adamantane compounds as the sublimation component exhibit superior performance, for example, in terms of damage resistance, spot adhesion, damage resistance upon spot removal, re-adhesion upon spot removal, durability against flowing water, and the ability to produce high-quality optical measurements (including post-sublimation optical measurements to maintain the integrity of the underlying oil layer) when the coating is formed on an oiled surface. These coatings also exhibit attractive performance in terms of, for example, surface uniformity and coating thickness, compared to coatings produced by previously known prior art solutions. However, coatings produced using this composition with adamantane compounds as sublimation components exhibit relatively short residence times.

[0013] Therefore, it is of great interest in the art (and thus constitutes an object of the present invention) to provide compositions that produce coatings exhibiting one or more (preferably as many as possible) attractive properties associated with coatings produced from compositions using adamantane as a sublimable component but exhibiting prolonged residence times (e.g., one or more hours, several hours, or even 24 hours or longer). In particular, it would be very interesting to provide compositions that also achieve excellent performance in terms of adamantane coatings in terms of damage resistance, spot adhesion, damage resistance upon spot removal, re-adhesion upon spot removal, durability against flowing water, and / or the ability to produce high-quality optical measurements (including post-sublimation optical measurements to maintain the integrity of the underlying oil layer) when the coating is formed on an oiled surface, while simultaneously exhibiting a prolonged residence time relative to the adamantane coating. Furthermore, it would be very interesting to provide compositions that produce coatings exhibiting outstanding surface properties, such as surface smoothness and / or uniformity, particularly compositions exhibiting coatings of similar quality to the corresponding adamantane coating. An additional advantage would be if such a coating could improve one or more of the corresponding surface properties of the adamantane coating. As described above, the surface coating applied for subsequent optical measurements should exhibit a very low thickness, thereby enabling high-quality optical scanning measurements. Therefore, the composition should also produce a coating with an extremely low thickness, ideally as low as, or even lower than, that exhibited by adamantane coatings. Providing such a thin coating, while exhibiting extended residence time and enabling high-quality optical measurements, such as 3D scanning of the object to which it is coated, is particularly challenging and therefore constitutes an important contribution to the art. In achieving these objectives, the composition should also ideally have a pleasant odor, preferably an improved odor compared to adamantane coatings or coatings based on other prior art compositions.

[0014] Ideally, the compositions of the present invention should be similar to their use in providing surfaces for measurement by 3D scanning, and also capable of providing surfaces for measurement using other optical measurement techniques such as photogrammetry or LIDAR (light detection and ranging or light imaging, detection and ranging). Photogrammetry, an optical measurement technique, uses photographic images captured by a camera (e.g., a smartphone camera) to obtain reliable data from a physical object as the subject of the photograph (particularly related to its surface structure and morphology). Photogrammetry is commonly used by, for example, surveyors, architects, and engineers to create topographic maps, grids, cloud points, or images based on physical objects. Photogrammetry can provide an alternative measurement technique to 3D scanning for providing 3D maps, pictures, or models of objects or surfaces. In some cases, photogrammetry may be superior to 3D scanning because it is often more readily available and affordable, as the required measuring equipment is a (simple) camera. When measuring larger objects, such as buildings (or parts thereof), which typically require 3D scanners for these specific applications, photogrammetry may also be more advantageous and therefore superior to 3D scanning. The problems concerning the optical properties of the surface of the object under test, outlined above in the context of 3D scanning, also exist in the context of measuring the optics of a surface via photogrammetry. LiDAR exhibits many of the same advantages as 3D scanning photogrammetry, and LiDAR images can be captured using lasers (measuring the time required for the emitted laser to reflect back to the sensor). Such sensors are used in conjunction with cameras (e.g., cameras on smartphones or tablets). Therefore, another object constituting this invention is to provide a product that overcomes any of the aforementioned disadvantages associated with prior art solutions (particularly coatings using adamantane as a sublimation component), and preferably, more than one, to provide a (anti-reflective) surface suitable for optical measurements (as discussed above in the context of 3D scanning), wherein the optical measurements are performed by photogrammetry or LiDAR methods. Summary of the Invention

[0015] In view of the above, the present invention relates to the following items:

[0016] project

[0017] 1. A composition comprising

[0018] (i) One or more substituted adamantine compounds;

[0019] and

[0020] (ii) Solvent A

[0021] and / or

[0022] (iii) Solvent B;

[0023] The condition is that when the composition contains 1-adamantanol, the composition further contains one or more additional substituted adamantane compounds other than 1-adamantanol.

[0024] 2. The composition according to item 1, wherein the composition further comprises:

[0025] (iv) One or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds.

[0026] 3. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the one or more substituted adamantane compounds are selected from the group consisting of one or more substituted adamantanes, one or more substituted noradamantanes, one or more substituted hyperadamantanes, one or more substituted glacial anes, one or more substituted BC-8s, one or more substituted adamantanes, one or more substituted triadamantanes, one or more substituted isotetraadamantanes, one or more substituted pentaadamantanes, one or more substituted cyclohexadamantanes, one or more substituted superadamantanes, and any combination thereof.

[0027] 4. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each substitution in said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds is independently selected from -R 1 , -CF3, -COOH, -CHO, -C(O)R 1 -CO2R 1 -OH, -OR 1 -NH2, -NHR 1 -NR 1 R 2 The group consisting of R 1 and R 2 They are independently selected from -halogen, =O, =NH, =NR 1 =NOR 1 And = NOH, where R 1 It is methyl or C2-C6 alkyl, and R 2 It is methyl or C2-C6 alkyl.

[0028] 5. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein each of the (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds has one to three substituents independently.

[0029] 6. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein each of the (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds has one or two substituents independently.

[0030] 7. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each of the one or more substituted adamantine compounds (i) has two substituents.

[0031] 8. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each of the one or more substituted adamantine compounds (i) has a substituent.

[0032] 9. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said (i) one or more substituted adamantane compounds are selected from methyladamantane, 1-methyladamantane, 2-methyladamantane, 1,2-dimethyladamantane, 2,2-dimethyladamantane, 1,3-dimethyladamantane, 1,3,5-trimethyladamantane, perfluoroadamantane, perfluoromethyladamantane, perfluoro-1-methyladamantane, perfluoro-2-methyladamantane, perfluorodimethyladamantane, perfluoro-1,2-dimethyladamantane, perfluoro-1,3-dimethyladamantane, perfluoro-2,2-dimethyladamantane, 1-ethyladamantane, diadamantane, perfluorodiadamantane, perfluorotrimethyladamantane The group consisting of adamantane, perfluoro-1,3,5-trimethyladamantane, adamantane carboxylic acid, 1-adamantane carboxylic acid, adamantane alcohol, 1-adamantane alcohol, 2-adamantane alcohol, adamantane diol, adamantane-1,2-diol, adamantane-1,3-diol, adamantane triol, adamantane ketone, adamantane monoketone, 2-adamantane ketone, adamantaneamine, 1-adamantaneamine, 2-adamantaneamine, adamantane diamine, 1,2-adamantane diamine, 1,3-adamantane diamine, 1-chloroadamantane, 2-chloroadamantane, 2-methyl-2-adamantane alcohol, 5-hydroxy-2-adamantane ketone, 3-noradamantane carboxylic acid, salts of any one of these, and any combination thereof.

[0033] 10. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the one or more substituted adamantane compounds are selected from the group consisting of 1-adamantane carboxylic acid, 1-adamantane alcohol, 2-adamantane alcohol, 1-adamantaneamine, 1-chloroadamantane, adamantane ketone, adamantane monoketone, 2-adamantane ketone, 2-methyl-2-adamantane alcohol, 3-noradamantane carboxylic acid, 5-hydroxy-2-adamantane ketone, and any combination thereof.

[0034] 11. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition comprises (i) two or more different substituted adamantine compounds.

[0035] 12. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition comprises (i) two different substituted adamantine compounds.

[0036] 13. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition comprises one or more substituted adamantanes.

[0037] 14. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition comprises one or more substituted adamantane.

[0038] 15. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said (i) one or more substituted adamantane compounds are one or more substituted adamantanes.

[0039] 16. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the (i) one or more substituted adamantane compounds comprises one or more adamantane ketones.

[0040] 17. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the (i) one or more substituted adamantane compounds are one or more adamantane ketones.

[0041] 18. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the (i) one or more substituted adamantane compounds comprises one or more adamantane monoketones.

[0042] 19. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the (i) one or more substituted adamantane compounds are one or more adamantane monoketones.

[0043] 20. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the (i) one or more substituted adamantane compounds comprises 2-adamantane.

[0044] 21. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition comprises only one (i) substituted adamantine compound.

[0045] 22. The composition according to item 21, wherein the substituted adamantine compound is a substituted adamantane.

[0046] 23. The composition according to any one of items 21 or 22, wherein the substituted adamantane compound is adamantane ketone.

[0047] 24. The composition according to any one of items 21 to 23, wherein the substituted adamantine compound is an adamantane monoketone.

[0048] 25. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said (i) one or more substituted adamantane compounds is 2-adamantanone.

[0049] 26. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition does not contain 1-adamantanol.

[0050] 26a. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition comprises the solvent A of (ii).

[0051] 27. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A has a boiling point or boiling point range at atmospheric pressure from 40°C or above, 50°C or above, 60°C or above, 64.7°C or above, 70°C or above, 75°C or above, 80°C or above, or 82°C or above to 90°C or below, 100°C or below, 110°C or below, 120°C or below, 130°C or below, 140°C or below, 150°C or below, or 160°C or below.

[0052] 28. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 40°C or above to 160°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0053] 29. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 50°C or above to 150°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0054] 30. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 60°C or above to 140°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0055] 31. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 64.7°C or above to 130°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0056] 32. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 70°C or above to 120°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0057] 33. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 75°C or above to 110°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0058] 34. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 80°C or above to 100°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0059] 35. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 82°C or above to 90°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0060] 36. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 64.7°C or above to 100°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0061] 37. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 70°C or above to 90°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0062] 38. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 75°C or above to 85°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0063] 39. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A is selected from the group consisting of one or more alcohols; one or more C4-C6 (cyclo)alkyl ethers; one or more C3-C8 ketones, such as methyl ethyl ketone or acetone; one or more C3-C8 esters, such as methyl acetate or ethyl acetate; and any combination thereof, preferably wherein the solvent A is selected from one or more alcohols selected from the group consisting of C1 to C8 alcohols, particularly C1 to C8 monools.

[0064] 40. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said (ii) solvent A comprises one or more alcohols selected from the group consisting of C1 to C8 alkanols and C3 to C8 cycloalkanols, preferably, said solvent A comprises methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, cyclopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, cyclobutanol, n-pentanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 2,2-dimethyl-1-pentanol, 3-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 3-methyl-2-butanol, 2-methyl-2-butanol, cyclopentanol, 1-hexanol, 2-hexanol One or more alcohols from the group consisting of alcohols, 3-hexanol, 2-methyl-1-pentanol, 3-methyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 3-methyl-2-pentanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, 2-methyl-3-pentanol, 3-methyl-3-pentanol, 2,2-dimethyl-1-butanol, 2,3-dimethyl-1-butanol, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 2-ethyl-1-butanol, cyclohexanol, 2-heptanol, 3-heptanol, and 4-heptanol.

[0065] 40a. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A is selected from one or more alcohols selected from the group consisting of C1 to C8 alkanols and C3 to C8 cycloalkanols, preferably, wherein the solvent A is selected from methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, cyclopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, cyclobutanol, n-pentanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 2,2-dimethyl-1-pentanol, 3-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 3-methyl-2-butanol, 2-methyl-2-butanol, cyclopentanol, 1-hexanol, 2-hexanol One or more alcohols from the group consisting of 3-hexanol, 2-methyl-1-pentanol, 3-methyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 3-methyl-2-pentanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, 2-methyl-3-pentanol, 3-methyl-3-pentanol, 2,2-dimethyl-1-butanol, 2,3-dimethyl-1-butanol, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 2-ethyl-1-butanol, cyclohexanol, 2-heptanol, 3-heptanol, and 4-heptanol.

[0066] 41. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A comprises isopropanol.

[0067] 42. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A (ii) is isopropanol.

[0068] 43. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 41, wherein the solvent A of (ii) comprises ethanol.

[0069] 44. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 40a or 43, wherein the solvent A of (ii) is ethanol.

[0070] 45. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 41 or 43, wherein said (ii) solvent A comprises isopropanol and ethanol.

[0071] 46. ​​The composition according to any one of items 1 to 41 or 43, wherein the solvent A is a mixture of isopropanol and ethanol.

[0072] 47. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent A (ii) does not contain hydrocarbons.

[0073] 48. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (ii) solvent A on a weight-to-weight basis is 100:1 to 1:100.

[0074] 49. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to the solvent A on a weight-to-weight basis is 50:1 to 1:50.

[0075] 50. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (ii) solvent A on a weight-to-weight basis is 30:1 to 1:30.

[0076] 51. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to the solvent A on a weight-to-weight basis is 20:1 to 1:20.

[0077] 52. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (ii) solvent A on a weight-to-weight basis is 15:1 to 1:20.

[0078] 53. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to the solvent A on a weight-to-weight basis is 10:1 to 1:20.

[0079] 54. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to the solvent A on a weight-to-weight basis is 5:1 to 1:20.

[0080] 55. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (ii) solvent A on a weight-to-weight basis is 2:1 to 1:15.

[0081] 56. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to the solvent A on a weight-to-weight basis is 1:1 to 1:15.

[0082] 57. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to the solvent A on a weight-to-weight basis is 1:1 to 1:12.

[0083] 57a. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to the solvent A on a weight-to-weight basis is 1:2 to 1:12.

[0084] 57b. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (ii) solvent A on a weight-to-weight basis is 1:5 to 1:12.

[0085] 58. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 57b, wherein one or more unsubstituted adamantane compounds are selected from the group consisting of adamantane, noradamantane, hyperadamantane, glaucane, BC-8, adamantane, triadamantane, isotetraadamantane, pentaadamantane, cyclohexane, superadamantane, and any combination thereof.

[0086] 59. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 58, wherein the one or more unsubstituted adamantane compounds are selected from the group consisting of adamantane, noradamantane, hyperadamantane, and any combination thereof.

[0087] 60. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 59, wherein said (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantane compounds comprises adamantane.

[0088] 61. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 60, wherein said (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantane compounds are adamantane.

[0089] 62. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, wherein the total combined amount of one or more substituted adamantine compounds (i) and one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) present is 0.5 wt.% or more, 1.0 wt.% or more, 1.5 wt.% or more, 2.5 wt.% or more, 3 wt.% or more, 5 wt.% or more, or 6 wt.% or more.

[0090] 63. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, wherein the total combined amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and when said (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is present is 60 wt.% or less, 50 wt.% or less, 40 wt.% or less, 30 wt.% or less, 20 wt.% or less, 15 wt.% or less, 12 wt.% or less, or 10 wt.% or less.

[0091] 64. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, wherein the total combined amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and when said (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is present is from 0.5 wt.% or more to 50 wt.% or less.

[0092] 65. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, wherein the total combined amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and when said (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is present is from 1.0 wt.% or more to 40 wt.% or less.

[0093] 66. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, wherein the total combined amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and when said (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is present is from 1.0 wt.% or more to 30 wt.% or less.

[0094] 67. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, wherein the total combined amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and when said (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is present is from 5 wt.% or more to 30 wt.% or less.

[0095] 68. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, wherein the total combined amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and when said (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is present is from 8 wt.% or more to 25 wt.% or less.

[0096] 69. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, wherein the total combined amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and when said (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is present is from 20 wt.% or more to 25 wt.% or less.

[0097] 70. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 68, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, wherein the total combined amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and when said (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is present is from 8 wt.% or more to 12 wt.% or less.

[0098] 71. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 68, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, wherein the total combined amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and when said (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is present is from 10 wt.% or more to 12 wt.% or less.

[0099] 72. A composition according to any one of items 1, 3 to 71, wherein the composition does not contain one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds as described in (iv).

[0100] 73. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition does not contain solvent (iii) B.

[0101] 74. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the weight-to-weight ratio of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to said (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is from 100:0, 95:5, 90:10, 80:20, 75:25, 1.3:1, 60:40 or 51:49 to 49:51, 40:60, 1:1.3, 25:75, 20:80, 10:90, 5:95 or 1:99.

[0102] 75. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the weight ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is from 100:0 to 1:99 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0103] 76. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the weight ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is from 100:0 to 5:95 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0104] 77. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the weight ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is from 100:0 to 10:90 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0105] 78. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the weight ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is from 100:0 to 20:80 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0106] 79. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the weight ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is from 100:0 to 25:75 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0107] 80. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the weight ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is from 100:0 to 1:1.3 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0108] 81. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the weight ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is from 100:0 to 40:60 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0109] 82. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the weight ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is from 100:0 to 49:51 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0110] 83. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 71 or 73 to 82, wherein the ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds on a weight-to-weight basis is from 95:5 to 5:95.

[0111] 84. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 71 or 73 to 83, wherein the ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds on a weight-to-weight basis is from 90:10 to 10:90.

[0112] 85. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 71 or 73 to 84, wherein the weight ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is from 80:20 to 20:80 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0113] 86. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 71 or 73 to 85, wherein the weight ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is from 75:25 to 25:75 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0114] 87. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 71 or 73 to 86, wherein the weight ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is from 1.5:1 to 1:1.5 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0115] 89. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 71 or 73 to 87, wherein the weight ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is from 1.4:1 to 1:1.4 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0116] 90. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 71 or 73 to 89, wherein the weight ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is from 1.3:1 to 1:1.3 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0117] 91. A composition according to any one of items 2 to 71 or 73 to 90, wherein the composition comprises (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds in greater quantity than (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0118] 91a. A composition according to any one of items 2 to 71 or 73 to 91, wherein the weight ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is from 100:0 to 1.5:1 or 1.2:1 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0119] 91b. A composition according to any one of items 2 to 71 or 73 to 91a, wherein the weight ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds is from 100:0 to 2:1 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0120] 91c. A composition according to any one of items 2 to 71 or 73 to 91b, wherein the ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds on a weight-to-weight basis is from 100:0 to 3:1.

[0121] 92. A composition according to any one of items 2 to 71 or 73 to 90, wherein the composition comprises one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds of (iv) in greater quantity than one or more substituted adamantine compounds of (i) on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0122] 93. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 72 or 74 to 92, wherein the composition comprises the solvent B of (iii).

[0123] 93a. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 72 or 74 to 93, wherein the polarity of solvent B in (iii) is less than that of solvent A in (ii).

[0124] 94. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 72 or 74 to 93a, wherein the solvent B (iii) has a boiling point or boiling point range at atmospheric pressure from 25°C or above, 30°C or above, 35°C or above, or 40°C or above to 50°C or below, 60°C or below, 65°C or below, 70°C or below, 75°C or below, 80°C or below, 90°C or below, 100°C or below, 110°C or below, 120°C or below, or 130°C or below.

[0125] 95. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 72 or 74 to 94, wherein the solvent B of (iii) has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 25°C or above to 130°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0126] 96. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 72 or 74 to 95, wherein the solvent B of (iii) has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 30°C or above to 120°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0127] 97. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 72 or 74 to 96, wherein the solvent B of (iii) has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 30°C or above to 110°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0128] 98. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 72 or 74 to 97, wherein the solvent B of (iii) has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 30°C or above to 100°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0129] 99. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 72 or 74 to 98, wherein the solvent B of (iii) has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 45°C or above to 100°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0130] 100. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 72 or 74 to 99, wherein the solvent B (iii) has a boiling point or boiling point range from 50°C or above, particularly 60°C or above, to 100°C or below, particularly 95°C or below, at atmospheric pressure.

[0131] 101. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 72 or 74 to 100, wherein the solvent B (iii) has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 30°C or above to 90°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0132] 102. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 98 or 101, wherein the solvent B of (iii) has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 30°C or above to 80°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0133] 103. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 98, 101 or 102, wherein the solvent B of (iii) has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 35°C or above to 75°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0134] 104. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 98 or 101 to 103, wherein the solvent B of (iii) has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 35°C or above to 70°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0135] 105. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 98 or 101 to 104, wherein the solvent B of (iii) has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 35°C or above to 65°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0136] 106. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 98 or 101 to 105, wherein the solvent B of (iii) has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 40°C or above to 65°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0137] 107. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 98 or 101 to 106, wherein the solvent B of (iii) has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 40°C or above to 60°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0138] 108. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 98 or 101 to 107, wherein the solvent B of (iii) has a boiling point or a boiling point range from 40°C or above to 50°C or below at atmospheric pressure.

[0139] 108a. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 72 or 101 to 108, wherein the solvent B of (iii) is a hydrocarbon or a mixture of hydrocarbons.

[0140] 109. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent B is selected from one or more aliphatic linear, branched, or cyclic C5 to C6 groups. 10 The group consisting of hydrocarbons, wherein the hydrocarbons may be saturated or unsaturated.

[0141] 110. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent B is selected from the group consisting of one or more aliphatic straight-chain, branched, or cyclic C5 to C8 hydrocarbons, wherein the hydrocarbons may be saturated or unsaturated.

[0142] 111. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent B of (iii) is selected from the group consisting of C5-hydrocarbons, C6-hydrocarbons, C7-hydrocarbons, C8-hydrocarbons, and any combination thereof.

[0143] 112. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent B is selected from pentane, cyclopentane, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, cycloheptane, octane, petroleum ether, petroleum ether 30-40, petroleum ether 40-60, petroleum ether 40-65, petroleum ether 60-80, petroleum ether 60-95, petroleum ether 80-100, and any combination thereof.

[0144] 113. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent B of (iii) comprises petroleum ether 60-95.

[0145] 114. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent B in (iii) is petroleum ether 60-95.

[0146] 115. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 113, wherein the solvent B of (iii) comprises cyclopentane.

[0147] 116. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 112 or 115, wherein the solvent B of (iii) is cyclopentane.

[0148] 117. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 112, wherein the solvent B of (iii) comprises petroleum ether 60-95 and cyclopentane.

[0149] 118. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 112 or 117, wherein the solvent B of (iii) is a mixture of petroleum ether 60-95 and cyclopentane.

[0150] 119. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the solvent B of (iii) comprises only hydrocarbon compounds.

[0151] 120. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the weight-to-weight ratio of solvent A to solvent B is from 99:1, 95:5, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 2:1, 60:40 or 55:45 to 45:55, 40:60, 1:2, 30:70, 20:80, 10:90, 5:95 or 1:99.

[0152] 121. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of solvent A to solvent B on a weight-to-weight basis is 99:1 to 1:99.

[0153] 122. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of solvent A to solvent B on a weight-to-weight basis is 95:5 to 5:95.

[0154] 123. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of solvent A to solvent B on a weight-to-weight basis is 90:10 to 10:90.

[0155] 124. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of solvent A to solvent B on a weight-to-weight basis is from 80:20 to 20:80.

[0156] 125. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of solvent A to solvent B on a weight-to-weight basis is 3:1 to 1:3.

[0157] 126. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of solvent A to solvent B on a weight-to-weight basis is 70:30 to 30:70.

[0158] 127. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of solvent A to solvent B on a weight-to-weight basis is 2:1 to 1:2.

[0159] 128. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of solvent A to solvent B on a weight-to-weight basis is 60:40 to 40:60.

[0160] 129. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition comprises a greater amount of solvent A (ii) than solvent B (iii) on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0161] 130. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition comprises a greater amount of solvent (iii) B than solvent (ii) A on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0162] 131. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the ratio of solvent A to solvent B on a weight-to-weight basis is 4:1 to 1:4.

[0163] 132. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 129 or 131, wherein the ratio of solvent A to solvent B on a weight-to-weight basis is 4:1 to 1:1.

[0164] 133. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 129, 131 or 132, wherein the ratio of solvent A to solvent B on a weight-to-weight basis is 4:1 to 3:1.

[0165] 134. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 128 or 130, wherein the ratio of solvent A to solvent B on a weight-to-weight basis is 1:2 to 1:1.

[0166] 135. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 128, 130 or 134, wherein the ratio of solvent A to solvent B on a weight-to-weight basis is 1:1.5 to 1:1.2.

[0167] 136. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 128, 131, 132 or 134, wherein the ratio of solvent A to solvent B on a weight-to-weight basis is 1:1.

[0168] 137. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 136, wherein the ratio of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds to solvent B in a weight-to-weight ratio of 50:1 to 1:50.

[0169] 138. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 137, wherein the ratio of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds to solvent B on a weight-to-weight basis is 30:1 to 1:30.

[0170] 139. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 138, wherein the ratio of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) to solvent B (iii) is 20:1 to 1:20 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0171] 140. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 139, wherein the ratio of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) to solvent B (iii) is 10:1 to 1:20 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0172] 141. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 140, wherein the ratio of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) to solvent B (iii) is 5:1 to 1:20 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0173] 142. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 141, wherein the ratio of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) to solvent B (iii) is 2:1 to 1:20 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0174] 143. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 142, wherein the ratio of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) to solvent B (iii) is 1:1 to 1:20 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0175] 144. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 143, wherein the ratio of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in (iv) to solvent B in (iii) is 1:1 to 1:10 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0176] 145. The composition according to any one of items 2 to 144, wherein the ratio of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) to solvent B (iii) is 1:5 to 1:10 on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0177] 146. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises (v) one or more additives, particularly one or more additives selected from camphor, menthol, limonene (especially D-limonene), and combinations thereof, based on the total combined weight of said (v) one or more additives and each of the components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, preferably in an amount from 0.01 wt.% or more to 2 wt.% or less, more preferably from 0.05 wt.% or more to 1 wt.% or less, most preferably from 0.1 wt.% or more to 0.5 wt.% or less, or 0.2 wt.% or less.

[0178] 147. The composition according to item 146, wherein said (v) one or more additives is D-limonene, and the amount preferably contained in the composition based on the total combined weight of D-limonene and each of the components (i) to (iv) present in the composition is from 0.01 wt.% or more to 2 wt.% or less, more preferably from 0.05 wt.% or more to 1 wt.% or less, most preferably from 0.1 wt.% or more to 0.5 wt.% or less, or 0.2 wt.% or less.

[0179] 148. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises cyclododecane, preferably in an amount from 1 wt.% or more to 20 wt.% or less, more preferably from 1 wt.% or more to 15 wt.% or less, and most preferably from 2 wt.% or more to 10 wt.% or less, based on the total combined weight of cyclododecane, one or more of the additives (v) and each of the components present in (i) to (iv) in the composition.

[0180] 148a. A composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition comprises cyclododecane in an amount of 20 wt.% or less, 15 wt.% or less, 10 wt.% or less, 5 wt.% or less, 2 wt.% or less, 1 wt.% or less, or 0.5 wt.% or less, based on the total combined weight of cyclododecane, one or more additives of (v) and each of the components present in (i) to (iv) of the composition.

[0181] 149. A composition of any one of items 1 to 147 or 148a, wherein the composition does not contain cyclododecane.

[0182] 150. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and any additional additives are present in a solution in solvent A.

[0183] 151. A composition according to any one of items 1 to 148 or 150, wherein (i) one or more substituted adamantane compounds and (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantane compounds are present, and (v) one or more additives and the cyclododecane are present in (ii) solvent A and (iii) solvent B.

[0184] 152. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition is a solution.

[0185] 153. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition further comprises (vi) a propellant.

[0186] 154. The composition according to item 153, wherein the (vi) propellant is selected from butane, propane, isobutane, 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene, and any combination thereof.

[0187] 155. The composition according to item 153 or 154, wherein the (vi) propellant is selected from butane, propane, isobutane, and any combination thereof.

[0188] 156. The composition of any one of items 153 to 155, wherein the amount of the propellant present, based on the total weight of the composition, is from 5 wt.% or more to 95 wt.% or less, preferably from 20 wt.% or more to 80 wt.% or less, more preferably from 25 wt.% or more to 75 wt.% or less.

[0189] 157. The composition of any one of items 153 to 156, wherein the amount of the propellant present, based on the total weight of the composition, is from 30 wt.% or more to 75 wt.% or less, preferably from 40 wt.% or more to 75 wt.% or less, more preferably from 50 wt.% or more to 75 wt.% or less.

[0190] 157a. The composition according to any one of 153 to 157, wherein the (vi) propellant is liquid.

[0191] 158. Any composition according to items 1 to 152, wherein said composition does not contain butane, propane, isobutane, 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene or any combination thereof.

[0192] 159. A composition according to any one of 1 to 152 or 158, wherein the composition does not contain butane, propane, isobutane, or any combination thereof.

[0193] 160. The composition according to any one of 1 to 152, 158 or 159, wherein the composition does not contain (vi) a propellant.

[0194] 161. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the composition contains no or substantially no open-chain C 3-13 Dialkyl ketones.

[0195] 162. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition does not contain open-chain C 3-13 Dialkyl ketones.

[0196] 163. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition contains no or substantially no acetone.

[0197] 164. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition does not contain acetone.

[0198] 165. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition contains no or substantially no methyl ethyl ketone.

[0199] 166. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition does not contain methyl ethyl ketone.

[0200] 167. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition is free of or substantially free of isopropanol.

[0201] 168. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition does not contain isopropanol.

[0202] 168a. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds is 50 wt.% or less based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition.

[0203] 169. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds is 40 wt.% or less based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition.

[0204] 170. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds is 30 wt.% or less based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition.

[0205] 171. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds is 20 wt.% or less based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition.

[0206] 172. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds is 15 wt.% or less based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition.

[0207] 173. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds is 0.5 wt.% or more, preferably 1 wt.% or more, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition.

[0208] 173a. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds is 2 wt.% or more based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition.

[0209] 173b. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds is 4 wt.% or more based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition.

[0210] 173c. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the amount of said (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds is 10 wt.% or more based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition.

[0211] 174. The composition of any of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of solvent A in (ii) is 0.5 wt.% or more, 1.0 wt.% or more, 2 wt.% or more, 5 wt.% or more, 10 wt.% or more, or 25 wt.% or more.

[0212] 175. The composition of any of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of solvent A in (ii) is 95 wt.% or less, 75 wt.% or less, 60 wt.% or less, or 50 wt.% or less.

[0213] 175a. The composition of any of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of solvent A (ii) is from 25 wt.% or more to 95 wt.% or less.

[0214] 176. The composition of any of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of solvent B (iii) is 60 wt.% or less.

[0215] 177. The composition of any of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of solvent B (iii) is 50 wt.% or less.

[0216] 178. The composition of any of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of solvent B (iii) is 40 wt.% or less.

[0217] 179. The composition of any of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of solvent B (iii) is 30 wt.% or less, especially 20 wt.% or less, more especially 15 wt.% or less, or most especially 10 wt.% or less.

[0218] 179a. The composition of any of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of solvent B (iii) is 1 wt.% or more.

[0219] 179b. The composition of any of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of solvent B (iii) is 5 wt.% or more.

[0220] 179c. The composition of any of the preceding claims, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of solvent B (iii) is 10 wt.% or more.

[0221] 180. A composition of any one of items 2 to 179c, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) is 50 wt.% or less.

[0222] 181. A composition of any one of items 2 to 180, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) is 40 wt.% or less.

[0223] 182. A composition of any one of items 2 to 181, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) is 30 wt.% or less.

[0224] 183. A composition of any one of items 2 to 182, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) is 20 wt.% or less.

[0225] 184. A composition of any one of items 2 to 183, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) is 15 wt.% or less.

[0226] 184a. A composition of any one of items 2 to 184, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) is 10 wt.% or less.

[0227] 184b. A composition of any one of items 2 to 184a, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) is 7 wt.% or less.

[0228] 185. A composition of any one of items 2 to 184b, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) is 0.5 wt.% or more.

[0229] 185a. A composition of any one of items 2 to 185, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) is 1 wt.% or more.

[0230] 185b. A composition of any one of items 2 to 185a, based on the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, wherein the amount of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) is 5 wt.% or more.

[0231] 186. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition contains no or substantially no cyclohexane.

[0232] 187. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition contains no or substantially no isopentane.

[0233] 188. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 5 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0234] 188a. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 10 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0235] 188b. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 15 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0236] 189. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 20 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0237] 189a. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 25 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0238] 190. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 30 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0239] 191. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 40 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0240] 192. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 50 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0241] 193. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 60 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0242] 194. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 70 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0243] 195. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 75 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0244] 196. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 80 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0245] 197. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 90 wt.% or 95 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0246] 198. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 5 wt.% to 60 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0247] 199. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 5 wt.% to 50 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0248] 200. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 5 wt.% to 40 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0249] 201. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 5 wt.% to 30 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0250] 202. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 5 wt.% to 20 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0251] 202. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 5 wt.% to 10 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.

[0252] 203. A composition according to any one of items 188 to 202, wherein when the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition does not constitute 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition, the remainder of the total weight of the composition is propellant (vi), wherein the propellant (vi) is as defined in any of the preceding items.

[0253] 204. The composition according to any one of items 153 to 203, wherein, based on the total weight of the composition, the amount of solvent A (ii) is 5 wt.% or less, preferably 2 wt.% or less, more preferably 1 wt.% or less, still more preferably 0.5 wt.% or less, and most preferably 0.1 wt.% or less.

[0254] 205. The composition according to any one of items 153 to 204, wherein, based on the total weight of the composition, the amount of solvent B in (iii) is 5 wt.% or less, preferably 2 wt.% or less, more preferably 1 wt.% or less, still more preferably 0.5 wt.% or less, and most preferably 0.1 wt.% or less.

[0255] 206. A composition according to any one of items 153 to 205, wherein the composition does not contain solvent A of (ii).

[0256] 207. A composition according to any one of items 153 to 206, wherein the composition does not contain solvent (iii) B.

[0257] 207a. The composition according to any one of items 204 to 207, wherein the amount of the (vi) propellant is 30 wt.% or more to 95 wt.% or less, preferably 40 wt.% or more to 95 wt.% or less, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0258] 208. The composition according to any one of items 204 to 207a, wherein the amount of said (vi) propellant is 50 wt.% or more to 95 wt.% or less, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0259] 209. The composition according to any one of items 204 to 208, wherein the amount of said (vi) propellant is 70 wt.% or more to 95 wt.% or less, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0260] 210. The composition according to any one of items 204 to 209, wherein the amount of said (vi) propellant is 80 wt.% or more to 95 wt.% or less, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0261] 211. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition consists substantially only of the components expressly listed herein.

[0262] 212. The composition of any of the preceding claims, wherein the composition comprises only the components expressly listed herein.

[0263] 213. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein one or more substituted adamantine compounds are sublimable.

[0264] 214. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein one or more substituted adamantine compounds sublimate at atmospheric pressure.

[0265] 215. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein one or more substituted adamantine compounds are sublimated at atmospheric pressure at a temperature of 20°C to 50°C, preferably at a temperature of 20°C to 35°C.

[0266] 216. The composition according to any of the preceding claims, wherein one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (iv) are sublimable.

[0267] 217. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds are sublimated at atmospheric pressure.

[0268] 218. The composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds are sublimated at atmospheric pressure at a temperature of 20°C to 50°C, preferably at a temperature of 20°C to 35°C.

[0269] 219. A surface film formed by applying the composition according to any one of the preceding claims to the surface of an object.

[0270] 220. The surface film according to item 219, wherein the surface film has a film thickness ranging from 0.1 μm to 50 μm.

[0271] 221. The surface film according to any one of items 219 or 220, wherein the surface film has a film thickness ranging from 0.1 μm to 30 μm, preferably wherein the surface film has a film thickness ranging from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, more preferably wherein the surface film has a film thickness ranging from 0.2 μm to 10 μm, most preferably wherein the surface film has a film thickness ranging from 0.3 μm to 8 μm, or even 0.3 μm to 6 μm.

[0272] 221a. An object comprising a surface film of any one of items 219 to 221.

[0273] 222. An apparatus comprising a composition of any one of items 1 to 218.

[0274] 223. The apparatus according to item 222, wherein the apparatus is a spraying device.

[0275] 224. The apparatus according to item 223, wherein the spraying device is an aerosol can.

[0276] 225. A method of manufacturing a composition according to any one of items 1 to 218, comprising the step of mixing each component present in the composition together.

[0277] 226. Use of the composition according to any one of items 1 to 218 to form a coating on the surface of an object.

[0278] 227. According to the purpose of item 226, wherein, after the coating is formed, optical measurements are performed on the coated surface of the object.

[0279] 228. As per the purpose of item 226, the optical measurement is performed by scanning, photogrammetry or LIDAR technology.

[0280] 229. As used in any of items 227 or 228, the optical measurement includes one or more tomographic measurements of an object.

[0281] 230. As used in any of items 227 to 229, the optical measurement includes one or more topographic photogrammetric measurements of an object.

[0282] 231. The scan is a 3D scan, as used in any of items 229 to 230.

[0283] 232. Use of any one of items 226 to 231 in preparing the surface of an object for optical measurement, in particular for improving the scannability of the surface of said object.

[0284] 233. The coating sublimates over time, according to any of items 226 to 232.

[0285] 234. A method for optically measuring the surface of an object, the method comprising the following steps:

[0286] (a) Applying a composition according to any one of items 1 to 218 to the surface of the object to be optically measured;

[0287] (b) Optical measurements are taken of the surface of the object to which the composition has been applied.

[0288] 235. The method according to item 234, wherein the optical measurement is a 3D scanning measurement.

[0289] 236. The method according to item 234, wherein the optical measurement is photogrammetry.

[0290] 237. The method according to item 234, wherein the optical measurement is a LIDAR measurement.

[0291] 238. Use of the composition of any one of items 1 to 218 to form a sublimable coating on the surface of an object.

[0292] 239. Use of any composition of any one of items 1 to 218 in reducing the intensity of light reflected from a surface.

[0293] 240. Use of any composition of any one of items 1 to 218 as a matting agent.

[0294] 241. Use of the composition of any one of items 1 to 218 in forming a protective coating on a surface on which the composition is applied, particularly wherein the protective coating is a temporary protective coating, preferably wherein the temporary protective coating sublimates over time. Attached Figure Description

[0295] Figures 1 to 5 The sublimation process of a coating formed using the composition according to the invention (Example 1) over time is described compared to a coating formed using a prior art composition (Comparative Example 1).

[0296] Figure 6 The coating surface formed on a polished stainless steel plate to which the composition of Example 1 was applied is shown.

[0297] Figure 7 The coating surface formed on a polished stainless steel plate to which the composition of Example 2 was applied is shown.

[0298] Figure 8 The coating surface formed on a polished stainless steel plate to which the composition of Example 3 was applied is shown.

[0299] Figure 9 The coating surface formed on a polished stainless steel sheet to which the composition of Comparative Example 1 was applied is shown.

[0300] Figure 10 The coating surface formed on a polished stainless steel sheet to which the composition of Comparative Example 2 was applied is shown.

[0301] Figure 11 The coating surface formed on a polished stainless steel sheet to which the composition of Comparative Example 3 was applied is shown.

[0302] Figure 12 The thickness profile of the coating formed on a polished stainless steel sheet to which the composition of Example 1 is applied is shown along a defined path.

[0303] Figure 13 The thickness profile of the coating formed on a polished stainless steel plate to which the composition of Example 2 is applied is shown along a defined path.

[0304] Figure 14 The thickness profile of the coating formed on a polished stainless steel plate to which the composition of Example 3 is applied is shown along a defined path.

[0305] Figure 15 The thickness profile of the coating formed on a polished stainless steel sheet to which the composition of Comparative Example 1 was applied is shown along a defined path.

[0306] Figure 16The thickness profile of the coating formed on a polished stainless steel sheet to which the composition of Comparative Example 3 was applied is shown along a defined path. Detailed Implementation

[0307] The compositions of the present invention are used to achieve one or more of the above objectives.

[0308] As demonstrated by the experimental data in this invention, a direct comparison of the compositions of this invention with prior art alternatives to sublimable coatings used in optical measurement applications (e.g., 3D scanning applications) shows that the compositions of this invention produce coatings with extended (medium or long) residence times, while exhibiting superior additional properties in terms of coating thinness, surface uniformity, surface smoothness, damage resistance, reference point adhesion, non-destructive removal of points, point re-adhesion, coating formation on oiled surfaces, coating durability against flowing water, and odor. Therefore, the coatings produced by the compositions of this invention provide, for the first time, extremely thin coatings that allow for precise, high-quality, high-resolution optical measurements (e.g., 3D scanning) of surfaces and objects to which this sublimable composition is applied, while providing the operator with ample time to perform, for example, multiple measurements without the need to reapply a new coating. Given the extended residence times achievable with the compositions of this invention, these compositions are particularly suitable for applying coatings to areas of objects to be optically measured that are highly exposed to air. These areas (such as wings, edges, or other areas of an object that are highly exposed to air) are more prone to rapid sublimation than the center of the coating and may therefore have a shorter window, during which optical measurements must be taken before the coating sublimates to the point of impairing the quality of optical measurements.

[0309] The compositions disclosed in this invention exhibit any of these advantages that contribute valuablely to the field. As shown in this invention, the excellent balance of such a wide range of properties makes the contributions of the compositions of this invention even more valuable, particularly by simultaneously allowing for increased coating residence time.

[0310] In this respect, the present invention relates to a composition comprising

[0311] (i) One or more substituted adamantine compounds;

[0312] and

[0313] (ii) Solvent A

[0314] and / or

[0315] (iii) Solvent B;

[0316] The condition is that when the composition contains 1-adamantanol, the composition further contains one or more other substituted adamantane compounds besides 1-adamantanol.

[0317] Therefore, the present invention relates to compositions comprising one or more substituted adamantine compounds and solvent A and / or solvent B, i.e., in addition to one or more substituted adamantine compounds (a fundamental characteristic of the compositions of the present invention), the composition may comprise solvent A, solvent B, or a combination of solvent A and solvent B. Within the scope of the present invention, solvent A and solvent B are distinct from each other.

[0318] The inventors have discovered that using a solution containing one or more substituted adamantine compounds in solvent A, solvent B, or a mixture of solvent A and solvent B as defined in the claims can overcome one or more of the above-mentioned problems.

[0319] The compositions of the present invention can be, and preferably are, solutions. When the compositions of the present invention are solutions, the one or more substituted adamantine compounds and any additional additives present (e.g., one or more additives described below) can be in a solution of solvent A, solvent B, or a mixture of solvent A and solvent B present in the composition. One or more substituted adamantine compounds, one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds, and any additional components present (e.g., one or more additives described below) present in a given composition can be completely dissolved in solvent A, solvent B, or a mixture of solvents A and B present in the composition, such that the resulting composition is a solution at room temperature. When a propellant is additionally included in the compositions of the present invention, the propellant can be in a liquid state. In this case, the liquid propellant can serve as a (further) solvent for one or more or all of the other components in the composition.

[0320] One or more substituted adamantane compounds can be selected from the group consisting of one or more substituted adamantanes, one or more substituted noradamantanes, one or more substituted high-adamantanes, one or more substituted glacial anes, one or more substituted BC-8, one or more substituted adamantanes, one or more substituted triadamantanes, one or more substituted isotetraadamantanes, one or more substituted pentaadamantanes, one or more substituted cyclohexanes, one or more substituted superadamantanes, and any combination thereof. Therefore, the one or more substituted adamantane compounds in the compositions of the present invention can comprise one or more substituted adamantanes, one or more substituted noradamantanes, one or more substituted high-adamantanes, or any combination thereof. Preferably, the one or more substituted adamantane compounds in the compositions of the present invention comprise one or more substituted adamantanes.

[0321] Each substituent in the one or more substituted adamantine compounds may, for example, be independently selected from -R 1 , -CF3, -COOH, -CHO, -C(O)R 1 -CO2R1 -OH, -OR 1 -NH2, -NHR 1 -NR 1 R 2 The group consisting of R 1 and R 2 Each is independently selected from -halogen, =O, =NH, =NR. 1 =NOR 1 And = NOH, where R 1 It is methyl or C2-C6 alkyl, and R 2 It is methyl or C2-C6 alkyl.

[0322] Within the scope of this invention, substituted adamantane compounds are understood to have substituents other than hydrogen atoms on one or more carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon cage of said adamantane, such substituents thus replacing one or more hydrogen atoms, which would otherwise exist on said carbon atoms in their unsubstituted form. Therefore, substituents marked with "-" in this invention are connected to the carbon atoms of the adamantane cage via a single covalent bond, while substituents marked with "=" are connected to the carbon atoms of the adamantane cage via a double covalent bond. Of course, the presence of such double-bonded substituents is only possible at the locations of two additional covalent bonds that can be established on the cage structure besides the C-C bond of the cage structure itself connected to the said position of said adamantane cage. To illustrate this concept, the following example is provided: in the case where one or more adamantane compounds are adamantane and the substituent is "=O", it can be 2-adamantanone according to the following chemical formula:

[0323]

[0324] The number of substituents in each of the one or more substituted adamantine compounds is, in principle, unlimited. For example, each of the one or more substituted adamantine compounds may have one to three substituents independently. Each of the one or more substituted adamantine compounds may, for example, have only one or two substituents. Each of the one or more substituted adamantine compounds may, for example, have two substituents or only one substituent.

[0325] Within the aforementioned scope, one or more substituted adamantane compounds may be, for example, selected from methyladamantane, 1-methyladamantane, 2-methyladamantane, 1,2-dimethyladamantane, 2,2-dimethyladamantane, 1,3-dimethyladamantane, 1,3,5-trimethyladamantane, perfluoroadamantane, perfluoromethyladamantane, perfluoro-1-methyladamantane, perfluoro-2-methyladamantane, perfluorodimethyladamantane, perfluoro-1,2-dimethyladamantane, perfluoro-1,3-dimethyladamantane, perfluoro-2,2-dimethyladamantane, 1-ethyladamantane, diadamantane, perfluorodiadamantane, and perfluorotrimethyladamantane. The group consisting of alkanes, perfluoro-1,3,5-trimethyladamantane, adamantane carboxylic acid, 1-adamantane carboxylic acid, adamantane alcohol, 1-adamantane alcohol, 2-adamantane alcohol, adamantane diol, adamantane-1,2-diol, adamantane-1,3-diol, adamantane triol, adamantane ketone, adamantane monoketone, 2-adamantane ketone, adamantaneamine, 1-adamantaneamine, 2-adamantaneamine, adamantane diamine, 1,2-adamantane diamine, 1,3-adamantane diamine, 1-chloroadamantane, 2-chloroadamantane, 2-methyl-2-adamantane alcohol, 5-hydroxy-2-adamantane ketone, 3-noradamantane carboxylic acid, salts of any one thereof, and any combination thereof. More preferably, one or more substituted adamantane compounds are selected from the group consisting of 1-adamantane carboxylic acid, 1-adamantane alcohol, 2-adamantane alcohol, 1-adamantaneamine, 1-chloroadamantane, adamantane ketone, adamantane monoketone, 2-adamantane ketone, 2-methyl-2-adamantane alcohol, 3-noradamantane carboxylic acid, 5-hydroxy-2-adamantane ketone, and any combination thereof.

[0326] The compositions of the present invention may comprise two or more different substituted adamantine compounds. For example, the compositions of the present invention may comprise two different substituted adamantine compounds.

[0327] Within any of the foregoing ranges, the one or more substituted adamantane compounds contained in the compositions of the present invention may comprise one or more adamantane ketones. Preferably, the one or more substituted adamantane compounds in the compositions of the present invention are one or more adamantane ketones. The one or more substituted adamantane compounds in the compositions of the present invention may comprise one or more adamantane monoketones, and preferably, the one or more substituted adamantane compounds in the compositions of the present invention are one or more adamantane monoketones. The one or more substituted adamantane compounds in the compositions of the present invention may comprise 2-adamantane ketones.

[0328] The compositions of the present invention may, by way of example, contain only one substituted adamantane. Preferably, one or more substituted adamantane compounds in the compositions of the present invention are substituted adamantanes. More preferably, one or more substituted adamantane compounds in the compositions of the present invention are substituted adamantane ketones, and even more preferably, adamantane monoketones. Most preferably, one or more substituted adamantane compounds in the compositions of the present invention are 2-adamantanones.

[0329] The compositions of the present invention may, preferably, comprise substituted adamantane, wherein at least one position on the adamantane is substituted with a =O substituent (thus forming a ketone group from the cyclic carbon and oxygen atoms of the adamantane). More preferably, in this case, the adamantane is adamantane, and at least one position (most preferably the 2-position) of the adamantane structure is substituted with a =O substituent. The thus substituted adamantane / adamantane may be further substituted at one or more (preferably one or two) other positions (e.g., using one or more substituents listed above), or may not be substituted at other positions. The substituted adamantane is preferably substituted with only one such =O substituent (preferably at the 2-position), and may be substituted at one or more (preferably one or two) other positions (e.g., using one or more substituents listed above), or may not be substituted at other positions. The substituted adamantane, most preferably 2-adamantanone, is substituted with only one such =O substituent.

[0330] For one or more substituted adamantane compounds present in the compositions of this invention, 1-adamantanol can be associated with extremely long residence times (in some cases, a week or longer) and / or incomplete sublimation. The extremely long sublimation time exhibited by 1-adamantanol can be disadvantageous if optical measurements are performed and the scanned object is then expected to be used without excessive delay. Having to wait (e.g., several days after scanning) until the coating has fully sublimated and the scanned object can thus be used for its intended purpose can result in costly delays in the manufacturing process. Therefore, in many applications, the residence time of coatings using 1-adamantanol as a sublimable material is undesirably long. Incomplete sublimation results in coating residues on the object that has been coated and subjected to the desired optical measurements, thus preventing the measured object from returning to its original, unchanged, uncoated state without the need for measures such as cleaning or wiping the surface to remove the coating. 1-adamantanol can also be associated with inferior coating performance relative to corresponding compositions using other substituted adamantane and adamantane compounds, for example, a less smooth or more uniform surface. The present invention aims to provide compositions capable of forming high-quality coatings for optical measurements, having a longer residence time than adamantane-based coatings, but shorter residence times than those exhibited by 1-adamantaneol-based coatings (generated by corresponding compositions in which 1-adamantaneol is used as a sublimation agent). The desired residence time is, for example, 5 days or less, and typically, in practice, even shorter. It is therefore desirable to minimize or completely omit 1-adamantaneol from the compositions of the present invention. Thus, the compositions of the present invention may contain no or substantially no 1-adamantaneol.

[0331] If 1-adamantanol is present in the composition of the present invention, it is preferably present in 75 wt.% or less, more preferably in 50 wt.% or less (particularly 40 wt.% or less, 25 wt.% or less, or 10 wt.% or less) based on the total weight of the adamantane compounds (substituted and unsubstituted) present in the composition. In this case, if 1-adamantanol is present in the composition of the present invention, it is preferably present in 75 wt.% or less, more preferably in 50 wt.% or less (particularly 40 wt.% or less, 25 wt.% or less, or 10 wt.% or less) based on the total weight of the one or more substituted adamantane compounds present in the composition.

[0332] The compositions of the present invention comprise (ii) solvent A, (iii) solvent B, or a composition of solvent A and solvent B. Solvent A and solvent B are different from each other. The term "first solvent" as used in this invention should be understood to refer to solvent A. The term "second solvent" as used in this invention should be understood to refer to solvent B.

[0333] Solvent A may, for example, have a boiling point or boiling point range of 40°C or above, 50°C or above, 60°C or above, 64.7°C or above, 70°C or above, 75°C or above, 80°C or above, or 82°C or above to 90°C or below, 100°C or below, 110°C or below, 120°C or below, 130°C or below, 140°C or below, 150°C or below, or 160°C or below at atmospheric pressure. For example, solvent A may have a boiling point or boiling point range of 40°C or above to 160°C or below at atmospheric pressure. Solvent A may have a boiling point or boiling point range of 50°C or above to 150°C or below at atmospheric pressure. Solvent A may have a boiling point or boiling point range of 60°C or above to 140°C or below at atmospheric pressure. Solvent A may have a boiling point or boiling point range of 64.7°C or above to 130°C or below at atmospheric pressure. Under atmospheric pressure, solvent A may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 70°C or above to 120°C or below. Under atmospheric pressure, solvent A may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 75°C or above to 110°C or below. Under atmospheric pressure, solvent A may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 80°C or above to 100°C or below. Under atmospheric pressure, solvent A may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 82°C or above to 90°C or below. Under atmospheric pressure, solvent A may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 70°C or above to 90°C or below. Preferably, under atmospheric pressure, solvent A may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 64.7°C or above to 100°C or below. More preferably, under atmospheric pressure, solvent A may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 75°C or above to 85°C or below.

[0334] Solvent A may, for example, be selected from one or more alcohols; one or more C4-C6 (cyclo)alkyl ethers; one or more C3-C8 ketones, such as methyl ethyl ketone or acetone; one or more C3-C8 esters, such as methyl acetate or ethyl acetate; and any combination thereof. In this case, C4-C6 (cyclo)alkyl ethers refer to alkyl or cycloalkyl ethers having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, etc. Preferably, solvent A comprises one or more alcohols selected from the group consisting of C1 to C8 alcohols, particularly C1 to C8 monools. More specifically, solvent A may comprise one or more alcohols selected from the group consisting of C1 to C8 alkanols and C3 to C8 cycloalkanols, preferably one or more alcohols selected from methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, cyclopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, cyclobutanol, n-pentanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 2,2-dimethyl-1-pentanol, 3-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 3-methyl-2-butanol, 2-methyl-2-butanol, cyclopentanol, 1-hexanol, 2-hexanol, 3-hexanol The group consisting of 2-methyl-1-pentanol, 3-methyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 3-methyl-2-pentanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, 2-methyl-3-pentanol, 3-methyl-3-pentanol, 2,2-dimethyl-1-butanol, 2,3-dimethyl-1-butanol, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 2-ethyl-1-butanol, cyclohexanol, 2-heptanol, 3-heptanol, and 4-heptanol. More preferably, solvent A is one or more alcohols selected from the group consisting of C1 to C8 alcohols, particularly C1 to C8 monools, especially one or more alcohols selected from the group consisting of C1 to C8 alkanols and C3 to C8 cycloalkanols, and more particularly selected from methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, cyclopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol, cyclobutanol, n-pentanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 2,2-dimethyl-1-pentanol, 3-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 3-methyl-2-butanol, 2-methyl-2-butanol, cyclopentanol, 1-hexanediol, etc. One or more alcohols from the group consisting of alcohols, 2-hexanol, 3-hexanol, 2-methyl-1-pentanol, 3-methyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 3-methyl-2-pentanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, 2-methyl-3-pentanol, 3-methyl-3-pentanol, 2,2-dimethyl-1-butanol, 2,3-dimethyl-1-butanol, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 2-ethyl-1-butanol, cyclohexanol, 2-heptanol, 3-heptanol, and 4-heptanol.

[0335] Therefore, solvent A in the composition of the present invention may contain isopropanol. Solvent A in the composition of the present invention may contain ethanol. Solvent A in the composition of the present invention may be isopropanol. Solvent A in the composition of the present invention may be ethanol. Solvent A in the composition of the present invention may contain a mixture of isopropanol and ethanol. Solvent A in the composition of the present invention may be a mixture of isopropanol and ethanol.

[0336] Preferably, solvent A does not contain hydrocarbons.

[0337] The composition may be free of solvent A (ii).

[0338] When the composition of the present invention contains 2-adamantanone, preferably, the composition also contains solvent A (ii).

[0339] When solvent A is present in the composition of the present invention, the weight-to-weight ratio of one or more substituted adamantine compounds to solvent A may be, for example, from 100:1 to 1:100, 50:1 to 1:50, 30:1 to 1:30, 20:1 to 1:20, 15:1 to 1:20, 10:1 to 1:20, 5:1 to 1:20, 2:1 to 1:15, 1:1 to 1:15, 1:1 to 1:12, or 1:2 to 1:12. Preferably, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (ii) solvent A is from 20:1 to 1:20, 15:1 to 1:20, 10:1 to 1:20, 5:1 to 1:20, 2:1 to 1:15, 1:1 to 1:15, 1:1 to 1:12, or 1:2 to 1:12. More preferably, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (ii) solvent A is from 10:1 to 1:20, 5:1 to 1:20, 2:1 to 1:15, 1:1 to 1:15, 1:1 to 1:12, or 1:2 to 1:12, and most preferably, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (ii) solvent A is from 1:2 to 1:12 or from 1:5 to 1:12.

[0340] When the composition of the present invention contains one or more adamantane, particularly 2-adamantane, preferably, the composition also contains solvent A (ii).

[0341] Preferably, the polarity of solvent (iii) B is less than that of solvent (ii) A. For example, at a given temperature, such as room temperature or 25°C, solvent (iii) B may have a lower dielectric constant (ε) than solvent (ii) A. The compositions of the present invention may be free of solvent (iii) B.

[0342] Solvent B may, for example, have a boiling point or boiling point range of 25°C or above, 30°C or above, 35°C or above, or 40°C or above to 50°C or below, 60°C or below, 65°C or below, 70°C or below, 75°C or below, 80°C or below, 90°C or below, 100°C or below, 110°C or below, 120°C or below, or 130°C or below, at atmospheric pressure. For the above ranges, solvent B may have a boiling point or boiling point range of 25°C or above to 130°C or below, at atmospheric pressure. For the above ranges, solvent B may have a boiling point or boiling point range of 30°C or above to 120°C or below, at atmospheric pressure. For the above ranges, under atmospheric pressure, solvent (iii) B may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 30°C or above to 110°C or below. For the above ranges, under atmospheric pressure, solvent (iii) B may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 30°C or above to 100°C or below. For the above ranges, under atmospheric pressure, solvent (iii) B may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 45°C or above to 110°C or below. For the above ranges, under atmospheric pressure, solvent (iii) B may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 50°C or above, particularly 60°C or above, to 100°C or below, particularly 95°C or below. For the above ranges, under atmospheric pressure, solvent (iii) B may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 30°C or above to 90°C or below. For the above ranges, under atmospheric pressure, solvent (iii) B may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 30°C or above to 80°C or below. For the above ranges, under atmospheric pressure, solvent (iii) B may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 35°C or above to 75°C or below. For the above ranges, under atmospheric pressure, solvent (iii) B may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 35°C or above to 70°C or below. For the above ranges, under atmospheric pressure, solvent (iii) B may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 35°C or above to 65°C or below. For the above ranges, under atmospheric pressure, solvent (iii) B may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 40°C or above to 65°C or below. For the above ranges, under atmospheric pressure, solvent (iii) B may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 40°C or above to 60°C or below. For the above ranges, under atmospheric pressure, solvent (iii) B may have a boiling point or a boiling point range from 40°C or above to 50°C or below. For the above ranges, solvent B may be, and preferably is, a hydrocarbon or a mixture of hydrocarbons, preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon or a mixture of aliphatic hydrocarbons.

[0343] Within the scope relating to solvent B in (iii) above, solvent B may, for example, be selected from one or more aliphatic linear, branched, or cyclic C5 to C6 groups. 10The solvent (iii) is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, wherein the hydrocarbons may be saturated or unsaturated. Preferably, the solvent (iii) is selected from the group consisting of one or more aliphatic straight-chain, branched, or cyclic C5 to C8 hydrocarbons, wherein the hydrocarbons may be saturated or unsaturated. More preferably, the solvent (iii) is selected from the group consisting of C5-hydrocarbons, C6-hydrocarbons, C7-hydrocarbons, C8-hydrocarbons, and any combination thereof. Even more preferably, the solvent (iii) is selected from the group consisting of pentane, cyclopentane, hexane, cyclohexane, heptane, cycloheptane, octane, petroleum ether, petroleum ether 30-40, petroleum ether 40-60, petroleum ether 40-65, petroleum ether 60-80, petroleum ether 60-95, petroleum ether 80-100, and any combination thereof. As used in this invention, pentane is understood to include n-pentane, isopentane, and neopentane, and is preferably n-pentane. As used in this invention, pentene is understood to include 1-pentene, cis-2-pentene, and trans-2-pentene. As used in this invention, hexane is understood to include n-hexane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, 2,3-dimethylbutane, and 2,2-dimethylbutane, and preferably n-hexane. As used in this invention, hexene is understood to include 1-hexene, trans-2-hexene, cis-2-hexene, trans-3-hexene, and cis-3-hexene. As used in this invention, heptane is understood to include n-heptane, 2-methylhexane, 3-methylhexane, 2,2-dimethylpentane, 2,3-dimethylpentane, 2,4-dimethylpentane, 3,3-dimethylpentane, 3-ethylpentane, and 2,2,3-trimethylbutane, and preferably n-heptane. As used in this invention, heptene is understood to include 1-heptene and all other heptene isomers. As used herein, octane is understood to include n-octane, 2-methylheptane, 3-methylheptane, 4-methylheptane, 3-ethylhexane, 2,2-dimethylhexane, 2,3-dimethylhexane, 2,4-dimethylhexane, 2,5-dimethylhexane, 3,3-dimethylhexane, 3,4-dimethylhexane, 3-ethyl-2-methylpentane, 3-ethyl-3-methylpentane, 2,2,3-trimethylpentane, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, 2,3,4-trimethylpentane, and 2,2,3,3-tetramethylbutane, and preferably n-octane. As used herein, octene is understood to include 1-octene and all other octene isomers. The term petroleum ether is widely used and understood by those skilled in the art. Petroleum ether is a distilled fraction of petroleum and consists of or is substantially composed of aliphatic hydrocarbons. Different fractions can be collected during petroleum distillation, resulting in different products. These products are defined by the temperature range of the petroleum distillation collected at atmospheric pressure. For example, petroleum ether 40-65 refers to petroleum distillation fractions collected between 40°C and 65°C, meaning that the hydrocarbon compounds contained therein have boiling points ranging from 40°C to 65°C at atmospheric pressure.In this field, synonyms for "petroleum ether" include "wundbenzin", "spezialbenzin", "gasoline", "lignoin", "naphtha" and "petroleum volatiles".

[0344] Considering the above, solvent B in (iii) of the composition of the present invention may comprise petroleum ether 60-95%. Solvent B in (iii) of the composition of the present invention may comprise petroleum ether 60-95. Solvent B in (iii) of the composition of the present invention may comprise cyclopentane. Solvent B in (iii) of the composition of the present invention may comprise cyclopentane. Solvent B in (iii) of the composition of the present invention may comprise a mixture of petroleum ether 60-95 and cyclopentane. Solvent B in (iii) of the composition of the present invention may comprise a mixture of petroleum ether 60-95 and cyclopentane. Preferably, solvent B in (iii) comprises only hydrocarbon compounds.

[0345] Optionally, the compositions of the present invention may include (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds. Compared to coatings formed by applying compositions containing one or more substituted adamantine compounds but not containing one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds, using one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (in addition to one or more substituted adamantine compounds) can provide the advantage of being able to fine-tune (e.g., shorten) the residence time of the coating on the coated surface.

[0346] Depending on the specific application and the size, shape, and / or type of the object to be measured (e.g., 3D scanning, photogrammetry, LiDAR measurement), the applied coating may require a shorter or longer residence time. Therefore, if a longer optical measurement time is anticipated, or a longer period between applying the composition / coating to the surface to be measured and performing the optical measurement itself, achieving a longer residence time (enough time for the coating to remain on the surface to allow for successful optical measurement) may be advantageous. Thus, by adjusting the residence time using a mixture of one or more substituted adamantane compounds and one or more unsubstituted adamantane compounds in the compositions of the present invention, coatings with one or more of the aforementioned advantages can be provided, while providing a coating with a longer residence time on the surface to be measured relative to coatings produced by compositions containing adamantane as the sole sublimable material.

[0347] Compared to one or more substituted adamantine compounds, by increasing or decreasing the amount of one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds, the residence time of the coating can be customized according to the user's specific needs, while achieving the aforementioned additional desired properties, such as coating thinness, surface smoothness and surface uniformity, available optical measurement quality, damage resistance, spot adhesion, etc.

[0348] Regarding dwell time, a short dwell time in the sense of this invention can be considered as a dwell time of less than 60 minutes. A medium dwell time can be considered as a period of 60 minutes or more up to 24 hours or less. A long dwell time can be considered as a period of more than 24 hours. The object of this invention is to provide products that can be customized to provide coatings exhibiting any of these dwell times (while still sublimating within the intended time period applicable to the end user), particularly medium and long dwell times (including any time length falling within the stated range), while providing excellent performance in one or more (preferably, all) of the aforementioned properties. The above relates to dwell time measured according to the method described below in this invention.

[0349] (iv) One or more unsubstituted adamantane compounds may be selected from the group consisting of adamantane, noradamantane, highadamantane, glaucane, BC-8, adamantane, triadamantane, isotetraadamantane, pentaadamantane, cyclohexaneadamantane, superadamantane, and any combination thereof. Preferably, (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantane compounds may be selected from the group consisting of adamantane, noradamantane, highadamantane, and any combination thereof. More preferably, (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantane compounds comprises adamantane.

[0350] The compositions of the present invention may, for example, contain only one unsubstituted adamantane. Preferably, the one or more unsubstituted adamantane compounds in (iv) of the compositions of the present invention are adamantane.

[0351] When the composition of the present invention contains one or more unsubstituted adamantane compounds, particularly adamantane, preferably, the composition also contains solvent B (iii).

[0352] The compositions of the present invention may contain little or no of the one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds described in (iv).

[0353] In the compositions of the present invention, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds can be from 100:0, 95:5, 90:10, 80:20, 75:25, 1.3:1, 60:40, or 51:49 to 49:51, 40:60, 1:1.3, 25:75, 20:80, 10:90, 5:95, or 1:99. For the above ratios, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in the compositions of the present invention can be from 100:0 to 1:99. For the above ratios, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in the compositions of the present invention can be from 100:0 to 5:95. For the above-mentioned proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in the composition of the present invention can be from 100:0 to 10:90. For the above-mentioned proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in the composition of the present invention can be from 100:0 to 20:80. For the above-mentioned proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in the composition of the present invention can be from 100:0 to 25:75. For the above-mentioned proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in the composition of the present invention can be from 100:0 to 1:1.3. For the above proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in the composition of the present invention can be from 100:0 to 40:60. For the above proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in the composition of the present invention can be from 100:0 to 49:51. For the above proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in the composition of the present invention can be from 95:5 to 5:95. For the above proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in the composition of the present invention can be from 90:10 to 10:90.For the above proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in the composition of the present invention can be from 80:20 to 20:80. For the above proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in the composition of the present invention can be from 75:25 to 25:75. For the above proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in the composition of the present invention can be from 1.5:1 to 1:1.5. For the above proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in the composition of the present invention can be from 1.4:1 to 1:1.4. For the above ratio, the weight-to-weight ratio of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds to (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in the composition of the present invention can be from 1.3:1 to 1:1.3.

[0354] The composition according to the invention may contain, on a weight-to-weight basis, a greater amount of the one or more substituted adamantine compounds in (i) than the one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in (iv). In this case, the composition may, for example, have a weight-to-weight ratio of the one or more substituted adamantine compounds in (i) to the one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in (iv) from 100:0 to 1.5:1 or 1.2:1. In this case, the composition may, for example, have a weight-to-weight ratio of the one or more substituted adamantine compounds in (i) to the one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in (iv) from 100:0 to 2:1. In this case, the composition may, for example, have a weight-to-weight ratio of the one or more substituted adamantine compounds in (i) to the one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in (iv) from 100:0 to 3:1. Alternatively, the composition according to the invention may contain, on a weight-to-weight basis, a greater amount of the one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds in (iv) than the one or more substituted adamantine compounds in (i). The relative amounts of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds on a weight-to-weight basis can be varied sequentially, for example, to affect the residence time of the coating formed when the composition of the present invention is applied to the surface of an object.

[0355] When both solvent A (ii) and solvent B (iii) are present in the composition of the present invention, their relative proportions can be selected, for example, to ensure that the components of the composition are in solution. In the composition of the present invention, the weight-to-weight ratio of solvent A (ii) to solvent B (iii) can range from 99:1, 95:5, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 2:1, 60:40, or 55:45 to 45:55, 40:60, 1:2, 30:70, 20:80, 10:90, 5:95, or 1:99. For the above proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of solvent A (ii) to solvent B (iii) in the composition of the present invention can range from 99:1 to 1:99. For the above proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of solvent A (ii) to solvent B (iii) in the composition of the present invention can range from 95:5 to 5:95. For the above proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of solvent A (ii) to solvent B (iii) in the composition of the present invention can be from 90:10 to 10:90. For the above proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of solvent A (ii) to solvent B (iii) in the composition of the present invention can be from 80:20 to 20:80. For the above proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of solvent A (ii) to solvent B (iii) in the composition of the present invention can be from 3:1 to 1:3. For the above proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of solvent A (ii) to solvent B (iii) in the composition of the present invention can be from 70:30 to 30:70. For the above proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of solvent A (ii) to solvent B (iii) in the composition of the present invention can be from 2:1 to 1:2. For the above proportions, the weight-to-weight ratio of solvent A (ii) to solvent B (iii) in the composition of the present invention can be from 60:40 to 40:60. In the composition of the present invention, the weight-to-weight ratio of solvent A (ii) to solvent B (iii) can be 1:1. Alternatively, the weight-to-weight ratio of solvent A (ii) to solvent B (iii) can range from 4:1 to 1:4. In one embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the weight-to-weight ratio of solvent A (ii) to solvent B (iii) in the composition ranges from 4:1 to 1:1, more preferably from 4:1 to 3:1. In another embodiment, preferably, the weight-to-weight ratio of solvent A (ii) to solvent B (iii) in the composition ranges from 1:2 to 1:1, more preferably from 1:1.5 to 1:1.2.

[0356] The composition according to the invention may contain a greater amount of solvent A (ii) than solvent B (iii) on a weight-to-weight basis. Alternatively, the composition according to the invention may contain a greater amount of solvent B (iii) than solvent A (ii) on a weight-to-weight basis.

[0357] When both (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds and (iii) solvent B are present in the composition of the present invention, the weight-to-weight ratio of (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds to (iii) solvent B can range, for example, from 50:1 to 1:50. The weight-to-weight ratio of (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds to (iii) solvent B can range from 30:1 to 1:30. The weight-to-weight ratio of (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds to (iii) solvent B can range from 20:1 to 1:20. The weight-to-weight ratio of (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds to (iii) solvent B can range from 10:1 to 1:20. The weight-to-weight ratio of (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds to (iii) solvent B can range from 5:1 to 1:20. The weight-to-weight ratio of (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds to (iii) solvent B can range from 2:1 to 1:20. The weight-to-weight ratio of (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds to (iii) solvent B can range from 1:1 to 1:20. The weight-to-weight ratio of (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds to (iii) solvent B can range from 1:1 to 1:10. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the weight-to-weight ratio of (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds to (iii) solvent B can range from 1:5 to 1:10.

[0358] In addition to components (i) through (iv), the compositions of the present invention may further comprise one or more additives. These additives may be labeled as component (v) (as in other parts of the invention). However, labeling these additives as component (v) does not imply that any and every one of components (i) through (iv) must also be present in the composition containing these additives. Rather, this labeling is for clarification only, due to the order of the individual components discussed in this invention (the additives being the fifth component discussed). Therefore, the compositions of the present invention may, for example, comprise, components (i), (ii), and (v), but not components (iii) and (iv). These additives may be used to provide any amount of properties required and / or common in compositions of the present invention for use in optical measurement techniques (e.g., in the preparation of spray products for the preparation of object surfaces optically measured by, for example, 3D scanning, photogrammetry, or LIDAR). In particular, the compositions of the present invention may further comprise odor masking agents or odor delivery agents. These agents may find specific use in compositions of the present invention containing compounds that the end user may perceive as having an unpleasant odor. Therefore, the compositions of the present invention may comprise additives capable of masking said odor. Examples of such additives are camphor and menthol. Therefore, the compositions of the present invention may contain camphor, menthol, or combinations thereof as additives. Another example of such additives is limonene, particularly D-limonene. Therefore, the compositions of the present invention may contain limonene as an additive, particularly D-limonene. Thus, the compositions of the present invention may, for example, contain camphor, menthol, limonene (particularly D-limonene), or any combination thereof as additives.

[0359] Based on the total combined weight of the additive and each of the components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, for example, the amount of the additive that may be included in the composition of the present invention is from 0.01 wt.% or more to 2 wt.% or less, more preferably from 0.05 wt.% or more to 1 wt.% or less, and most preferably from 0.1 wt.% or more to 0.5 wt.% or less or 0.2 wt.% or less.

[0360] Of these additives, D-limonene is particularly preferred. The compositions of the present invention may contain D-limonene. Preferably, based on the total combined weight of D-limonene and each of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, for example, the amount of D-limonene that may be contained in the compositions of the present invention is from 0.01 wt.% or more to 2 wt.% or less, more preferably from 0.05 wt.% or more to 1 wt.% or less, and most preferably from 0.1 wt.% or more to 0.5 wt.% or less or 0.2 wt.% or less.

[0361] Depending on the desired performance of the final coating, the compositions of the present invention may additionally contain, for example, cyclododecane. When cyclododecane is present in the compositions of the present invention, based on the total combined weight of cyclododecane, the one or more additives, and each of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, for example, the amount of cyclododecane that may be included in the compositions of the present invention is from 1 wt.% or more to 20 wt.% or less, from 1 wt.% or more to 15 wt.% or less, or from 2 wt.% or more to 10 wt.% or less.

[0362] When included in the compositions of the present invention, the amount of cyclododecane included in the composition is preferably 20 wt.% or less, 15 wt.% or less, 10 wt.% or less, 5 wt.% or less, 2 wt.% or less, 1 wt.% or less, or 0.5 wt.% or less, based on the total combined weight of cyclododecane, the one or more additives and each of the components (i) to (iv) present in the composition.

[0363] In view of the aforementioned disadvantages associated with cyclododecane, another object of the present invention is to achieve one or more of these objects by using a composition that does not contain cyclododecane. Therefore, the compositions of the present invention may be cyclododecane-free. Preferably, the compounds of the present invention are cyclododecane-free.

[0364] The compositions of the present invention can be applied to a surface to be coated by any method known to those skilled in the art and / or standard in the art for applying a coating to a surface, for example, to prepare the surface for optical measurements such as 3D scanning, photogrammetry, or LIDAR measurements. Specifically, the compositions of the present invention can be applied to the respective surfaces by, for example, spraying (with or without propellant or aerosol), immersing an object or surface in the composition, or applying the composition to the surface using suitable tools known in the art (e.g., a brush).

[0365] Particularly preferred is the application of the composition of the invention to the surface to be coated by spraying. Application by spraying can be carried out using any standard method known in the art, applying a coating to the surface to prepare a surface for optical measurements. For example, the composition of the invention can be applied using air brushing techniques or by pressurizing (to the art's standard pressure for such products) a propellant gas for such applications in a spray can or container, and using the propellant gas to carry / propel the composition to the surface to be coated as it is released from the can or container. These methods are well known to those skilled in the art. For example, application by spraying in this manner can typically be carried out at a distance of 30 cm (or even 15 to 20 cm) from the surface to be coated. The type of "spray nozzle" ("Sprühkopf") used on the can, container, or spray gun can be selected from nozzles conventionally available and used in the art, and can be matched to any specific requirements of the spraying operation and / or the type of object to be sprayed. Most preferably, the air brush or nozzle exhibits the measurements and performance used in the experimental procedures disclosed in this invention, such as a "nozzle" with a nozzle diameter of 0.51 (+ / - 0.02) mm or a spray gun with a nozzle diameter of 0.8 mm. Alternatively, a "nozzle" with a wider nozzle diameter, such as 4 mm, may be used. The "nozzle" used within the scope of this invention preferably delivers a continuous dose upon startup. Preferably, the "nozzle" used within the scope of this invention is compatible with BOV and vertical valve types. In addition to those used in the experimental procedures disclosed in this invention, another example suitable for an application system for applying the compositions of this invention is a spray canister (e.g., a 400 mL canister with a diameter of 65 mm and a height of 157 mm) fitted with a ball valve stem (e.g., a 4 mm diameter Ariane ball valve stem) and a "nozzle," such as a "nozzle" with a 4 mm nozzle diameter. The nozzle may exhibit a "suitable" neck finish, be compatible with BOV and vertical valves, and deliver a continuous dose. In this regard, when commercial product names or trademarks used in this invention describe these or any other products, the performance, measurements, dimensions, composition, etc. of the products shall be understood to be those performance, measurements, dimensions, composition of the corresponding products available under the names or trademarks at the filing date of this invention (and, if applicable, the priority date).

[0366] Therefore, the compositions of the present invention may further comprise a propellant. Within the scope of the term "additive" used in this invention, the propellant is not considered an "additive." The propellant may be labeled (as in other places in this invention) as component (vi). However, labeling the propellant as component (vi) does not imply that any and every one of components (i) to (v) must also be present in the composition containing the propellant. Rather, this labeling is for clarification only, due to the order of the individual components discussed in this invention (the propellant being the seventh component discussed). Therefore, the compositions of the present invention may, for example, comprise, components (i), (ii), and (vi), but not components (iii), (iv), or (v). The propellant may be any propellant known in the art for use in aerosol sprays. Such propellants are well known to those skilled in the art. The propellant may, for example, be selected from the group consisting of butane, propane, isobutane, 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene, and any combination thereof. Preferably, the propellant can be selected from butane, propane, isobutane, and any combination thereof.

[0367] In this case, a typical propellant is a mixture of butane:propane:isobutane, for example, with a weight-to-weight ratio of 74:23:3. When present in the compositions of the present invention, the propellant can be used in any amount sufficient to propel the composition to the desired surface relative to the other components of the composition. Specifically, when the propellant is included in the compositions of the present invention, it can be present in the composition in an amount from 5 wt.% or more to 95 wt.% or less, preferably from 20 wt.% or more to 80 wt.% or less, more preferably from 25 wt.% or more to 75 wt.% or less, based on the total weight of the composition. In this case, the propellant is preferably present in an amount from 30 wt.% or more to 75 wt.% or less, more preferably from 40 wt.% or more to 75 wt.% or less, and most preferably from 50 wt.% or more to 75 wt.% or less, based on the total weight of the composition.

[0368] The compositions of the present invention may be free of butane, propane, isobutane, 1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropylene, or any combination thereof. The compositions of the present invention may be free of butane, propane, isobutane, or any combination thereof. As described above, the compositions of the present invention may be free of propellant.

[0369] When a propellant is used in the composition of the present invention, the propellant may be liquid.

[0370] Carbon dioxide can be used as an alternative to the propellants listed above. Thus, in the compositions of the present invention, carbon dioxide can be used as a propellant in the amount specified in the foregoing paragraphs. Alternatively, pressurized air can be used as a propellant in the compositions of the present invention, and can be used in the amount specified in the foregoing paragraphs.

[0371] The compositions of the present invention can also be applied to the surface to be coated without the use of propellant or pressurized air. For example, they can be applied using a spray bottle, such as a spray bottle equipped with a manual sprayer / atomizer / nozzle.

[0372] The compositions of the present invention may be substantially free of isopropanol. In fact, the compositions of the present invention may be free of isopropanol.

[0373] The compositions of the present invention may be substantially free of cyclohexane. In fact, the compositions of the present invention may be free of cyclohexane.

[0374] The compositions of the present invention may be substantially free of isopentane. In fact, the compositions of the present invention may be free of isopentane.

[0375] The compositions of the present invention may be substantially free of isopentane. In fact, the compositions of the present invention may be free of isopentane.

[0376] The compositions of the present invention may contain no or substantially no open-chain C3-C. 13 Dialkyl ketones.

[0377] The compositions of the present invention may be substantially acetone-free.

[0378] The compositions of the present invention may be free of or substantially free of methyl ethyl ketone.

[0379] Within all the foregoing ranges, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the composition of the present invention may contain 50 wt.% or less of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds. Thus, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the composition of the present invention may, for example, contain 40 wt.% or less of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds. Based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the composition of the present invention may contain 30 wt.% or less of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds. Based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the composition of the present invention may contain 20 wt.% or less of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds. Based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the composition of the present invention may contain 15 wt.% or less of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds. Based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the minimum amount of one or more substituted adamantine compounds in (i) may be, for example, 0.5 wt.% or 1 wt.%, meaning the composition of the present invention may contain 0.5 wt.% or more, or 1 wt.% or more of one or more substituted adamantine compounds in (i). Based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the amount of one or more substituted adamantine compounds in (i) in the composition of the present invention may be 2 wt.% or more. Based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the amount of one or more substituted adamantine compounds in (i) in the composition of the present invention may be 4 wt.% or more. Based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the amount of one or more substituted adamantine compounds in (i) in the composition of the present invention may be 10 wt.% or more.

[0380] Within all the foregoing ranges, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the composition of the present invention may contain the amount of solvent A (ii) ranging from 0.5 wt.% or more, 1.0 wt.% or more, 2 wt.% or more, 5 wt.% or more, 10 wt.% or more, 25 wt.% or more to 95 wt.% or less, 75 wt.% or less, 60 wt.% or less, or 50 wt.% or less. For the purposes of the foregoing, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the amount of solvent A (ii) may range from 0.5 wt.% or more to 95 wt.% or less, 1.0 wt.% or more to 75 wt.% or less, 2 wt.% or more to 60 wt.% or less, or 10 wt.% or more to 50 wt.% or less. Based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the amount of solvent A (ii) can range, for example, from 25 wt.% or more to 95 wt.% or less.

[0381] Based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the composition of the present invention may contain 60 wt.% or less of solvent (iii) B. Based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the composition of the present invention may also contain 50 wt.% or less of solvent (iii) B. Based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the composition of the present invention may also contain 40 wt.% or less of solvent (iii) B. Based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the amount of solvent (iii) B in the composition of the present invention may be 30 wt.% or less, 20 wt.% or less, 15 wt.% or less, or 10 wt.% or less. Within this range, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the amount of solvent (iii) B in the composition of the present invention may be, for example, 1 wt.% or more, 5 wt.% or more, or 10 wt.% or more.

[0382] When present in the compositions of the present invention, the composition may contain, for example, 50 wt.% or less, 40 wt.% or less, 30 wt.% or less, 20 wt.% or less, 15 wt.% or less, 10 wt.% or less, or 7 wt.% or less of (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition. In such compositions, the minimum amount of (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds may be, for example, 0.5 wt.% or more, 1 wt.% or more, or 5 wt.% or more, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition.

[0383] Based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the total combined mass of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (if present) in the composition of the present invention can be, for example, 0.5 wt.% or more, 1 wt.% or more, 1.5 wt.% or more, 2.5 wt.% or more, 3 wt.% or more, 5 wt.% or more, or 6 wt.% or more. In particular, the composition of the present invention may have a lower end of 1.0 wt.% or more. Preferably, the composition of the present invention may have a lower end of 1.5 wt.% or more. More preferably, the composition of the present invention may have a lower end of 2.5 wt.% or more. Still more preferably, the composition of the present invention may have a lower end of 3 wt.% or more. Most preferably, the composition of the present invention may have a lower end of 5 wt.% or more. Most preferably, the composition of the present invention may have a lower end of 6 wt.% or more. The upper limit of the total combined mass of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (if present) in the compositions of the present invention is based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition. The (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (if present) may be present, for example, at 60 wt.% or less, 50 wt.% or less, 40 wt.% or less, 30 wt.% or less, 20 wt.% or less, 15 wt.% or less, 12 wt.% or less, or 10 wt.% or less. Specifically, for these ranges, the compositions of the present invention may have an upper limit of 60 wt.% or less. Preferably, for these ranges, the compositions of the present invention may have an upper limit of 50 wt.% or less. More preferably, for these ranges, the compositions of the present invention may have an upper limit of 40 wt.% or less. More preferably, for these ranges, the compositions of the present invention may have an upper limit of 30 wt.% or less. More preferably, the compositions of the present invention may have an upper limit of 20 wt.% or less within these ranges. More preferably, the compositions of the present invention may have an upper limit of 15 wt.% or less within these ranges. More preferably, the compositions of the present invention may have an upper limit of 12 wt.% or less within these ranges. More preferably, the compositions of the present invention may have an upper limit of 10 wt.% or less within these ranges. The compositions of the present invention showing these weight ranges may not contain (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds. The compositions of the present invention showing these weight ranges may contain (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds.

[0384] Based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the total combined mass of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (if present) in the composition of the present invention may be from 0.5 wt.% or more to 50 wt.% or less, from 1.0 wt.% or more to 40 wt.% or less, from 1.0 wt.% or more to 30 wt.% or less, from 5 wt.% or more to 30 wt.% or less, or from 8 wt.% or more to 25 wt.% or less. In a preferred embodiment, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the total combined mass of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (if present) in the composition of the present invention may be from 20 wt.% or more to 25 wt.% or less. In another preferred embodiment, based on the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the total combined mass of (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds (if present) in the composition of the present invention can be from 8 wt.% or more to 12 wt.% or less, and more preferably from 10 wt.% or more to 12 wt.% or less. The composition of the present invention showing these weight ranges may not contain (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds. The composition of the present invention showing these weight ranges may not contain (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds and solvent A or solvent B. The composition of the present invention showing these weight ranges may contain (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds, (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds, and solvent A and solvent B.

[0385] For example, the total combined mass of components (i) to (v) present in the composition relative to the total weight of the composition will vary depending on whether a propellant is used in the composition of the present invention. For example, in the compositions of the present invention, the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition may constitute from 5 wt.% or 10 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition. Examples of compositions falling within this range include compositions in which the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes from 15 wt.% or 20 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition. Examples of compositions falling within this range include compositions in which the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes from 25 wt.% or 30 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition. Examples of compositions falling within this range include compositions in which the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes from 40 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition. Examples of compositions falling within this range include compositions in which the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 50 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition. Examples of compositions falling within this range include compositions in which the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 60 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition. Examples of compositions falling within this range include compositions in which the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 70 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition. Examples of compositions falling within this range include compositions in which the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 75 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition. Examples of compositions falling within this range include compositions in which the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes 80 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition. Examples of compositions falling within this range include compositions in which the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes from 90 wt.% or 95 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition. As described above, for example, the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition may constitute from 5 wt.% to 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition. Further examples of compositions falling within this range include compositions in which the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes from 5 wt.% to 60 wt.% of the total weight of the composition. Further examples of compositions falling within this range include compositions in which the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes from 5 wt.% to 50 wt.% of the total weight of the composition.Further examples of compositions falling within this range include compositions in which the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes from 5 wt.% to 40 wt.% of the total weight of the composition. Further examples of compositions falling within this range include compositions in which the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes from 5 wt.% to 30 wt.% of the total weight of the composition. Further examples of compositions falling within this range include compositions in which the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes from 5 wt.% to 20 wt.% of the total weight of the composition. Further examples of compositions falling within this range include compositions in which the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition constitutes from 5 wt.% to 10 wt.% of the total weight of the composition. Therefore, the total (i.e., combined) weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition of the present invention can, by way of example, be 5 wt.% or more, 10 wt.% or more, 15 wt.% or more, 20 wt.% or more, 25 wt.% or more, 30 wt.% or more, 40 wt.% or more, 50 wt.% or more, 60 wt.% or more, 70 wt.% or more, 75 wt.% or more, 80 wt.% or more, 90 wt.% or more, 95 wt.% or more, or even 100 wt.%. The total (i.e., combined) weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition of the present invention may, for example, be 100 wt.% or less, 95 wt.% or less, 90 wt.% or less, 80 wt.% or less, 75 wt.% or less, 70 wt.% or less, 60 wt.% or less, 50 wt.% or less, 40 wt.% or less, 35 wt.% or less, 30 wt.% or less, 25 wt.% or less, 20 wt.% or less, 15 wt.% or less, 10 wt.% or less, or even 5 wt.%. Within all the above ranges, when the total (i.e., combined) weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition does not constitute 100 wt.% of the total weight of the composition, the remainder of the total weight of the composition is preferably propellant. For example, if the total combined weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition based on the total weight of the composition is 30 wt.%, then, based on the total weight of the composition, the composition preferably contains 70 wt.% propellant. In this case, the propellant can be any propellant described elsewhere in the invention. Of course, not any one and each of components (i) to (v) constitutes a fundamental feature of the composition of the invention, and the phrase “total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition of the invention…based on the total weight of the composition” is understood to simply refer to the total weight of the composition, the actual combined weight of any components (i) to (v) present in a given composition.For example, in this case, if only components (i), (ii), and (iv) are present, but components (iii) and (v) are absent, the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition will be equal to the total combined weight of components (i), (ii), and (iv) based on the total weight of the composition.

[0386] Although the compositions of the present invention as defined above comprise solvent (ii) A, solvent (iii) B, or a mixture of solvent (ii) A and solvent (iii) B, when the compositions of the present invention comprise propellants (particularly liquid propellants, such as liquefied propellants), the propellants may also act as solvents for one or more of components (i), (iv), and (v), thereby enabling partial or complete dissolution of one or more of the components. In this case, the amount of other solvents present can be greatly reduced. Therefore, in another aspect of the invention, when the compositions of the present invention comprise propellants, the amount of solvent (ii) A, when present in the composition, based on the total weight of the composition, may be reduced, for example, to 5 wt.% or less, preferably 2 wt.% or less, more preferably 1 wt.% or less, still more preferably 0.5 wt.% or less, and most preferably 0.1 wt.% or less. In the same aspect of the invention, similarly, when the composition of the invention contains a propellant, the amount of solvent B (iii), when present in the composition, can be reduced to 5 wt.% or less, preferably 2 wt.% or less, more preferably 1 wt.% or less, still more preferably 0.5 wt.% or less, and most preferably 0.1 wt.% or less, based on the total weight of the composition. Thus, in this aspect of the invention, the amount of solvent A (ii), when present in the composition, can be 5 wt.% or less, preferably 2 wt.% or less, more preferably 1 wt.% or less, still more preferably 0.5 wt.% or less, and most preferably 0.1 wt.% or less, based on the total weight of the composition; and the amount of solvent B (iii) can be 5 wt.% or less, preferably 2 wt.% or less, more preferably 1 wt.% or less, still more preferably 0.5 wt.% or less, and most preferably 0.1 wt.% or less, based on the total weight of the composition. In this case, the composition of the present invention may be substantially free of (ii) solvent A and / or (iii) solvent B. In this case, the composition of the present invention may be substantially free of (ii) solvent A and (iii) solvent B. In this case, the composition of the present invention may not contain (ii) solvent A and / or (iii) solvent B. In this case, the composition of the present invention may not contain (ii) solvent A and (iii) solvent B.

[0387] Within all the foregoing scope of this aspect of the invention, the amount of propellant in the composition, based on the total weight of the composition, can be, for example, from 30 wt.% or more to 95 wt.% or less, preferably from 40 wt.% or more to 95 wt.% or less, more preferably from 50 wt.% or more to 95 wt.% or less. For example, the amount of propellant in the composition, based on the total weight of the composition, can be from 70 wt.% or more to 95 wt.% or less, or based on the total weight of the composition, from 80 wt.% or more to 95 wt.% or less.

[0388] Within all the foregoing scope of this aspect of the invention, all other components and their respective amounts (absolute and relative to the presence of other components) may be described and defined as elsewhere in the invention. Furthermore, when the composition of this aspect of the invention is substantially free of, or contains (i.e., does not contain) solvent (ii) A and solvent (iii) B, and contains 1-adamantaneol, the composition does not necessarily need to contain one or more additional substituted adamantane compounds other than 1-adamantaneol. Therefore, in this aspect of the invention, the composition may be substantially free of, or contain, solvent (ii) A and solvent (iii) B, and contain 1-adamantaneol without further containing one or more additional substituted adamantane compounds other than 1-adamantaneol. Also in this aspect of the invention, the composition may be substantially free of, or contain, solvent (ii) A and solvent (iii) B, provided that when the composition contains 1-adamantaneol, the composition further contains one or more additional substituted adamantane compounds other than 1-adamantaneol.

[0389] The compositions of this invention offer numerous advantages. By employing reduced amounts of different chemical solvents (solvent A and / or solvent B), not only can production costs be reduced, for example, but safety can also be achieved in the production process and in the final use of the composition by the end user. Reduced chemical exposure for the end user may be associated with one or more health or safety concerns (e.g., Globally Harmonized Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) classifications). The reduction in the amount of different chemical solvents may also be associated with a more environmentally friendly product. Furthermore, depending on the propellant used, it may also allow for products with substantially reduced flammability or even non-flammability.

[0390] The compositions of the present invention may be free of intramethylene norbornene. The compositions of the present invention may be free of ethylene glycol ethers. The compositions of the present invention may be free of alkyl ethers of alkylene glycols, particularly monoalkyl and dialkyl ethers of alkylene glycols. The compositions of the present invention may and preferably are free of conventional rust inhibitors, particularly morpholine, diisopropylamine, dicyclohexylamine, diisobutylamine, piperidine, propynyl alcohol, 2-butyn-1-ol, or any combination thereof. Preferably, the compositions of the present invention are free of all of the above compounds.

[0391] In view of the above-described objects constituting the present invention, (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds can sublimate, preferably at atmospheric pressure, more preferably at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 20°C to 50°C, and most preferably at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 20°C to 35°C. Similarly, (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds can sublimate, preferably at atmospheric pressure, more preferably at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 20°C to 50°C, and most preferably at atmospheric pressure and a temperature of 20°C to 35°C. In order to provide an object after optical measurement in its original state (i.e., without any coating residue caused by the application of the composition of the present invention) after optical measurement, most preferably, the (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds and the (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantine compounds are sublimable at atmospheric pressure, more preferably at atmospheric pressure and at a temperature of 20°C to 50°C, and most preferably at atmospheric pressure and at a temperature of 20°C to 50°C.

[0392] There are no particular limitations on the types of surfaces on which the compositions of the present invention can be used to provide coatings exhibiting the properties and advantages described herein. Therefore, the compositions of the present invention can be used to form coatings on glass surfaces, metal surfaces, polymer surfaces, acrylic surfaces, wood surfaces, enamel surfaces, textile surfaces (e.g., woven fabrics, nonwovens, or leather), ceramic surfaces, and any other types of surfaces that may require improvement in their ability to allow for high-quality optical measurements (e.g., 3D scanning, photogrammetry, LiDAR measurements). Of particular importance are surfaces of the types mentioned above that are transparent, translucent, light-absorbing, reflective, and / or glossy. Typically, these surfaces may be the surfaces of parts (including mechanical components), particularly metal parts used in precision engineering.

[0393] As described above, objects prepared by applying a coating based on the composition of the present invention for optical measurement / scanning should, ideally, return to their original, unchanged, uncoated state after measurement, in accordance with an objective constituting the present invention, without the need for measures such as cleaning or wiping the surface to remove the coating. Therefore, ideally, the composition of the present invention should not cause any changes (structural, surface-related, etc.) to the object to which it is applied. Therefore, ideally, the components of the composition of the present invention should be chemically inert to the surface to which the composition is applied. Therefore, when applied to objects such as polymers or acrylics, it is important that the components do not otherwise react with, dissolve, or damage the surface of the object.

[0394] Therefore, preferably, the compositions of the present invention do not contain components that may damage the polymer or acrylic surface, such as solvents that may damage the polymer or acrylic surface. Examples of such solvents include ketones, such as open-chain C456. 3-13 Dialkyl ketones (i.e., ketones in which an alkyl group is located on each side of the carbonyl group, and the ketone compound contains a total of 3 to 13 carbon atoms, and the compound is acyclic), particularly acetone and methyl ethyl ketone. Therefore, the compositions of the present invention preferably contain no (or substantially no) open-chain carbon atoms. 3-13 Dialkyl ketones, such as acetone and / or methyl ethyl ketone, are more preferably free of (or substantially free of) acetone and methyl ethyl ketone. By removing these compounds / solvents from the compositions of the present invention, the versatility of the compositions is increased for compatibility with different types of objects that can be optically measured / scanned.

[0395] The compositions of the present invention can be used to provide a surface film (also referred to herein as a coating, film, or paint layer) on the surface of an object to which it is applied. As described above, from the perspective of optical measurement quality, it is advantageous when such a surface film is as thin as possible. The surface film produced when the compositions of the present invention are applied can be thin. More specifically, the surface film can have a film thickness ranging from 0.1 μm to 50 μm. Preferably, the film thickness of the surface film ranges from 0.1 μm to 30 μm, more preferably from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, even more preferably from 0.1 μm to 10 μm, and most preferably from 0.1 μm to 8 μm or 5 μm. For example, the film thickness of the surface film can typically range from 0.3 μm to 6 μm.

[0396] According to the objects constituting the present invention, applying the composition of the present invention to the surface of the object should produce a surface film / coating that is highly uniform, thin, and smooth, scannable on the surface of the object, particularly to enable accurate, high-quality, high-resolution optical measurements (e.g., 3D scanning, photogrammetry, LiDAR measurements) of the surface of these objects. Therefore, the compositions of the present invention are found to be useful for optical measurement applications, particularly in the preparation of object surfaces for optical measurement. Within the scope of the present invention, optical measurement can constitute any kind of optical measurement known to those skilled in the art for measuring object surfaces (particularly for generating accurate images of object surface morphology), such as 3D scanning measurement, photogrammetry (also referred to as photogrammetry in this invention), or LiDAR measurement. Therefore, the compositions of the present invention can be used to facilitate optical measurements of objects, particularly object surfaces. Thus, the compositions of the present invention can be used to generate images of objects, particularly images of object surfaces, more specifically, wherein such images are generated by optical measurements, such as 3D scanning measurement, photogrammetry, or LiDAR measurements. Thus, the compositions of the present invention can be used to improve the scannability, scan quality, scan accuracy, and / or scan resolution of objects, particularly with respect to 3D scanning of said objects. Scannability refers to the ability of an object to reliably generate 3D scans (or photogrammetry or LiDAR measurements). This can be achieved by, and thus by, increasing the diffusion of light reflected from an object (particularly from the object on which a 3D scan is to be performed), resulting in increased scannability, scan accuracy, scan quality, and / or scan resolution. It has been found that the compositions of the present invention can be further used to provide any other advantages related to the teachings of the present invention. For example, the compositions of the present invention can be used to prepare object surfaces for scanning measurements, particularly for 3D scanning measurements. Furthermore, the compositions of the present invention can be used to provide coated surfaces that exhibit excellent resistance to damage, particularly adhesion to reference points required for scanners to generate 3D scanning measurements, the ability to allow removal and re-adhesion of these points without significantly degrading surface quality, and / or weather resistance, such as durability against direct contact with flowing water. The compositions of the present invention can be used to prepare surfaces already protected or coated with, for example, a film of oil or lubricant, for optical measurements (e.g., 3D scanning measurements).

[0397] Therefore, the present invention also relates to a method for preparing an object surface for optical measurement, the method comprising (a) applying any composition according to the invention to the object surface to be optically measured. The method may further comprise the step of allowing any solvent present to evaporate at least partially and preferably completely to form a coating on the surface. The coating is preferably non-liquid and / or non-solution. Preferably, the surface produced by the coating exhibits increased opacity relative to the corresponding uncoated surface, and most preferably, it is opaque. The coating is preferably solid at room temperature. Preferably, the coating is substantially free of residual solvent.

[0398] The present invention further relates to a method for optically measuring an object surface, the method comprising one or more of the steps described above for preparing an object surface for optical measurement, and an additional subsequent step (b) of optically measuring the object surface to which the composition is applied. The optical measurement may be, for example, 3D scanning measurement, photogrammetry (i.e., measurement using photogrammetry), or LiDAR measurement (i.e., measurement using LiDAR technology). Therefore, in addition to 3D scanning technology, the optical measurement technology applications to which the compositions of the present invention are applicable include photogrammetry and LiDAR. Thus, in one embodiment, the compositions of the present invention are used for photogrammetry or LiDAR applications, for example, preparing an object surface for optical measurement using photogrammetry or LiDAR technology. The compositions of the present invention can be used to increase the quality and / or resolution of object scans, wherein the scans are performed using photogrammetry or LiDAR technology. The compositions of the present invention can be used to improve the scannability of a surface by photogrammetry or LiDAR technology, i.e., allowing for surface sensitivity of scans of surfaces produced using photogrammetry or LiDAR technology. Therefore, the present invention relates to a method for improving surface scannability by photogrammetry or LiDAR, the method comprising the step of applying the compositions of the present invention to a surface scanned by photogrammetry or LiDAR. The present invention also relates to a method for preparing an object surface for photogrammetry or LiDAR measurement, the method comprising the step of applying a composition according to the invention to the surface to be measured. Therefore, the compositions of the present invention are found to be useful for photogrammetry and LiDAR (scanning) applications, particularly for preparing object surfaces for photogrammetry or LiDAR (scanning) measurement and / or facilitating photogrammetry or LiDAR (scanning) measurement of objects (particularly object surfaces) and / or generating photogrammetry or LiDAR (scanning) measurement of objects. Thus, the compositions of the present invention can be used to increase the scannability, scan quality, scan accuracy, and / or scan resolution of objects, particularly with respect to photogrammetry or LiDAR scanning of said objects. Scannability refers to the ability of an object to reliably generate photogrammetric and LiDAR measurements.

[0399] The compositions of the present invention can achieve this by (and thus by) increasing the diffusion of light reflected from an object (particularly from an object on which photogrammetry or LIDAR measurement / scanning is to be performed), thereby resulting in increased scanability, scan accuracy, scan quality and / or scan resolution.

[0400] It has been found that the compositions of the present invention can be further used to provide any other advantages related to the teachings of the present invention. For example, the compositions of the present invention can be used to temporarily seal and / or reinforce sensitive or perishable materials on the surface of objects in the restoration or preservation of various types of artworks (e.g., murals), since the surface of the artwork can be reversibly coated, thereby protecting the artwork in subsequent restoration or preservation steps. Another example includes the application of the compositions of the present invention in the field of construction, particularly in the application of temporary signs or markings to, for example, walls, floors, roads, sidewalks, curbs, ground, etc., which typically remain as unsightly contaminants after the work is completed and must be removed at a high cost. The compositions of the present invention allow for the application of such temporary, reversible / self-removable signs and markings without incurring further costs in terms of removal.

[0401] The compositions of this invention can also be used for temporary blocking of optical fibers; white balance adjustment in the fields of photography and film; reducing surface reflectivity, for example, in the fields of photography and film; providing coatings that help identify surface deformations or inconsistencies (e.g., dents) on objects, such as on metal surfaces, particularly in the automotive and aerospace fields; as carrier media for (composite) lubricants and oils; in the dental industry, particularly in facilitating the production of replicas of teeth and gums for potential application in the manufacture of dental prostheses, such as dentures, dental implants, crowns, bridges, etc.; in OMV (machine verification); for (temporarily) disabling photoelectric sensors, optical / optical barriers, etc.; for preparing surfaces for dynamic measurements, such as real-time deformation measurements (e.g., by laser Doppler velocimetry, Aramis, Argus, Pontus, etc.); in laser holography; for creating protective coatings on objects; for producing surface coatings (protective and optimized surfaces for optical measurements) in the field of archaeology; and in wood restoration. Further applications include in (sheet) metal welding, temporarily highlighting contacts / marking scratches (in automatic and manual marking processes), in mold positioning / blueing for perfect bonding of (functional) surfaces, as a release agent in the demolding process, and as a (sublimable) matting agent.

[0402] The compositions of the present invention can be prepared as summarized in the embodiments described below. Therefore, another aspect of the invention relates to a method of manufacturing the compositions of the present invention. Specifically, this aspect of the invention relates to a method of manufacturing the compositions according to the invention, comprising the step of mixing each component present in the composition together.

[0403] A particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to a composition comprising, substantially by weight, 6-8 wt.% of one or more substituted adamantane compounds of (i), 15-20 wt.% of solvent A of (ii), 4-6 wt.% of solvent B of (iii), and 65-75 wt.% of propellant. Within the scope of this embodiment, the propellant may be a mixture of butane:propane, preferably a mixture of butane:propane:isobutane, and most preferably a mixture of butane:propane:isobutane in a weight-to-weight ratio of 74:23:3. Alternatively, the propellant may be propane. The composition preferably additionally contains 0.01-0.10 wt.% of one or more additives of (v) ... Within the scope of this embodiment, solvent B in (iii) is preferably petroleum ether 60 / 95 and / or cyclopentane, most preferably cyclopentane. Within the scope of this embodiment, one or more additives in (v) are most preferably D-limonene.

[0404] A particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to a composition comprising, substantially by weight, 3.5-5.5 wt.% of (i) one or more substituted adamantane compounds, 35-45 wt.% of (ii) solvent A, 45-55 wt.% of (iii) solvent B, and 4.5-6.5 wt.% of (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantane compounds. Within the scope of this embodiment, (i) one or more substituted adamantane compounds is most preferably 2-adamantanone. Within the scope of this embodiment, (ii) solvent A is preferably ethanol and / or isopropanol, most preferably a mixture of isopropanol and ethanol (particularly, on a weight-to-weight basis, a ratio of 1:2 to 1:3). Within the scope of this embodiment, (iii) solvent B is preferably petroleum ether 60 / 95 and / or cyclopentane, most preferably petroleum ether 60 / 95. Within the scope of this embodiment, (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantane compounds is most preferably adamantane.

[0405] Another particularly preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a composition comprising, substantially by weight, 8-12 wt.% of (i) one or more substituted adamantane compounds and 85-92 wt.% of (ii) solvent A, ethanol. Within the scope of this embodiment, (i) one or more substituted adamantane compounds are most preferably 2-adamantanone. Within the scope of this embodiment, (ii) solvent A is preferably ethanol and / or isopropanol, most preferably ethanol.

[0406] definition

[0407] Within the scope of this invention, the term "substituted adamantane" is understood to refer to an adamantane in which one or more carbon atoms of the adamantane polycyclic alkane cage are substituted with substituents other than hydrogen atoms. Examples of "substituted adamantane compounds" include, for example, compounds of 2-adamantanone, 1-adamantanic acid, 1-adamantanamine, 1-chloroadamantanane, 2-adamantanol, 2-adamantanone, 2-methyl-2-adamantanol, 3-noradamantanic acid, 5-hydroxy-2-adamantanone, and any salts thereof.

[0408] Within the scope of this invention, the term "unsubstituted adamantane" is understood to mean an adamantane in which none of the carbon atoms of the adamantane polycyclic alkane cage are substituted with substituents other than hydrogen atoms. Examples of "unsubstituted adamantane compounds" include, for example, compounds of adamantane, noradadamantane, hyperadadamantane, glacialane, BC-8, adamantane, triadadamantane, isotetraadadamantane, pentaadadamantane, cyclohexaneadadamantane, and superadadamantane.

[0409] Within the scope of this invention, "methyladamantane" is a compound in which at least one carbon atom of the adamantane polycyclic alkane cage is replaced by a methyl group.

[0410] Within the scope of this invention, "perfluoromethyl adamantane" is a compound in which one carbon atom of the adamantane polycyclic alkane cage is replaced by a trifluoromethyl group, and all remaining possible substitutions on the polycyclic alkane cage are replaced by fluorine atoms (i.e., none of the carbon atoms of the adamantane polycyclic alkane cage are replaced by hydrogen atoms).

[0411] Within the scope of this invention, "perfluorodimethyladamantane" is a compound in which two substitutions (two different carbon atoms or two substitutions on the same carbon atom) of the adamantane polycyclic alkane cage are replaced by trifluoromethyl groups, and all remaining possible substitutions on the polycyclic alkane cage are replaced by fluorine atoms (i.e., none of the carbon atoms of the adamantane polycyclic alkane cage are replaced by hydrogen atoms).

[0412] Within the scope of this invention, "perfluorotrimethyladamantane" is a compound in which three of the substitutions of the adamantane polycyclic alkane cage are replaced by trifluoromethyl groups, and all remaining possible substitution positions on the polycyclic alkane cage are replaced by fluorine atoms (i.e., none of the carbon atoms of the adamantane polycyclic alkane cage are replaced by hydrogen atoms).

[0413] Within the scope of this invention, "adamantane carboxylic acid" is a compound in which at least one of the adamantane polycyclic alkane cages is substituted by a carboxylic acid group.

[0414] Within the scope of this invention, "adamantanol" is a compound in which at least one of the adamantane polycyclic alkane cages is substituted with a hydroxyl group. The term includes all structural isomers of monohydroxy, dihydroxy, trihydroxy, and tetrahydroxy adamantane.

[0415] Within the scope of this invention, "adamantanediol" is a compound in which two substitutions (two different carbon atoms or two substitutions on the same carbon atom) of the adamantane polycyclic alkane cage are replaced by hydroxyl groups.

[0416] Within the scope of this invention, "adamantanone" is a compound in which at least one suitable substitution of the adamantane polycyclic alkane cage is replaced by an oxygen atom via a double bond to form a ketone. The suitability of the position is determined by the ability of the carbon atom of the adamantane polycyclic alkane cage to form a double bond with oxygen. Therefore, only the carbon atom of the methylene (CH2) group in the adamantane polycyclic alkane cage is suitable.

[0417] Within the scope of this invention, "adamantane monoketone" is a compound in which a suitable substitution of an adamantane polycyclic alkane cage is substituted by an oxygen atom via a double bond to form a ketone. The suitability of the position is determined by the ability of the carbon atom of the adamantane polycyclic alkane cage to form a double bond with oxygen. Therefore, only the carbon atom of the methylene (CH2) group in the adamantane polycyclic alkane cage is suitable.

[0418] Within the scope of this invention, "adamantaneamine" is a compound in which at least one substituted adamantane polycyclic alkane cage is replaced by an amino group. The compositions of this invention may be free of compounds in which at least one substituted adamantane polycyclic alkane cage is replaced by an amino group, particularly a primary amino group.

[0419] Within the scope of this invention, "adamantane diamine" is a compound in which two substitutions (two different carbon atoms or two substitutions on the same carbon atom) of the adamantane polycyclic alkane cage are replaced by an amino group.

[0420] Within the scope of this invention, the term "amino" includes primary amino, secondary amino, tertiary amino, and quaternary amino. However, preferably, the term "amino" includes only primary amino, secondary amino, and tertiary amino.

[0421] Within the scope of this invention, halogen substituents are defined as fluorine atoms (-F), chlorine atoms (-Cl), bromine atoms (-Br) or iodine atoms (-I), and are preferably fluorine atoms or chlorine atoms.

[0422] Not every single component (i) through (iv) constitutes a fundamental feature of the composition of the invention, and the phrase “total weight of components (i) through (iv) present in the composition of the invention…based on the total weight of the composition” (or similar formulations) is understood to simply refer to the total weight of the composition, the total combined weight of any of components (i) through (iv) actually present in a given composition. For example, in this case, if only components (i), (ii), and (iv) are present, and component (iii) is absent, then “total weight of components (i) through (iv) present in the composition” would be equal to the total combined weight of components (i), (ii), and (iv). Similarly, the phrases “based on the total weight of components (i) through (iv) present in the composition” or “based on the total weight of components (i) through (v) present in the composition” are applied in the same manner, where this is not understood to mean that each of components (i) through (iv) or (i) through (v) must be present; rather, it is based on the total combined weight of any of these components actually present in a given composition.

[0423] In the compositions disclosed in this invention, if the amount is expressed as a weight percentage (wt.%) based on, for example, the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, the total weight of the composition, etc., the combined amount of each individual component present in the composition, expressed as wt.%, based on, for example, the total weight of components (i) to (iv) present in the composition, the total weight of components (i) to (v) present in the composition, the total weight of the composition, etc., should naturally not exceed 100 wt.%. For example, based on the total weight of the composition, in a composition comprising, substantially composed of or consisting of 6-8 wt.% of the (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds, 15-20 wt.% of the (ii) solvent A, 4-6 wt.% of the (iii) solvent B, and 65-75 wt.% of propellant, although adding up each of the referenced upper limits would result in a total of 8+20+6+75=109 wt.%, the actual amounts of each component chosen to be present in a given composition ensure that the total weight of the components does not exceed 100 wt.%. For example, based on the total weight of the composition, such a composition may consist of 6 wt.% of the (i) one or more substituted adamantine compounds, 18 wt.% of the (ii) solvent A, 4 wt.% of the (iii) solvent B, and 72 wt.% of propellant.

[0424] Within the scope of this invention, the terms "reversible" and "self-cleaning" are understood to mean sublimable. Within the scope of this invention, a compound or material (e.g., a composition or coating) is sublimable if, particularly at atmospheric pressure, at 20 to 50°C (preferably 20 to 35°C), it moves to some extent (i.e., even if only slowly) directly from the solid phase to the gas phase without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.

[0425] Within the scope of this invention, "standard conditions" are equivalent to "normal temperature and pressure," which are defined as a temperature of 21 ± 1 °C and an absolute pressure of 101.325 kPa (1 standard atmosphere).

[0426] Unless otherwise specified in this invention, atmospheric pressure is understood to be 101.325 kPa.

[0427] Unless otherwise specified in this invention, room temperature or ambient temperature is understood to be 21±1℃.

[0428] Unless otherwise stated, all measurements and processes disclosed in this invention are to be understood as being performed under standard conditions.

[0429] Unless otherwise stated, all boiling point values ​​mentioned in this invention are to be understood as boiling point values ​​measured at atmospheric pressure.

[0430] Unless otherwise stated, all weight percentage values ​​(wt.%) specified in this invention are understood to mean weight percentage relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0431] Within the scope of this invention, "adamantane" refers to adamantane (C2) known in the art. 10 H 16 It is a compound of adamantane, and not any other material containing adamantane.

[0432] Within the scope of this invention, the expression "substantially free" means that a type of substance that is substantially absent from the composition or material at hand may be present in small amounts (as impurities in other components present in the composition at hand, for example, commercially available solvents may contain small amounts of, for example, acetone or methyl ethyl ketone as unwanted impurities), which does not affect the desired properties associated with the compositions of this invention as taught in this invention. Therefore, "substantially free" in this invention can mean that the type of substance substantially absent from the composition or material may be present in amounts of 1000 ppm or less, 750 ppm or less, 500 ppm or less, 300 ppm or less, 200 ppm or less, 100 ppm or less, 50 ppm or less, or 10 ppm or less.

[0433] Any document mentioned in this invention does not imply an admission that the document or any content thereof is of general knowledge to a person skilled in the art in any jurisdiction.

[0434] As used in this invention, the transitional term "comprising" as synonymous with "including" or "containing" is inclusive or open-ended and does not exclude additional, unreferenced elements or method steps. However, in each expression of "comprising" in this invention, it is intended that the term also includes and therefore may, as an alternative implementation, be replaced by the terms "consistently composed of" or "of which," wherein "consistently composed of" excludes any unspecified elements or steps, while "consistently composed of" allows the inclusion of additional, unreferenced elements or steps that do not materially affect the nature or essential characteristics of the composition or method under consideration.

[0435] In the numerical ranges disclosed in this invention, these ranges are continuous, including the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, as well as every value between these minimum and maximum values. Furthermore, when the range refers to an integer, it includes every integer between the minimum and maximum values ​​of that range. Additionally, when multiple ranges are provided to describe a feature or characteristic, these ranges can be combined. That is, unless otherwise stated, all ranges disclosed in this invention are to be understood to include any and all subranges contained therein. For example, the specified range from “1 to 10” should be considered to include any and all subranges between the minimum value 1 and the maximum value 10, including the values ​​1 and 10. Exemplary subranges of the range 1 to 10 include, but are not limited to, 1 to 6.1, 3.5 to 7.8, and 5.5 to 10. It should be understood that the upper and lower limits, ranges, and proportions proposed in this invention can be combined independently. Similarly, each element or feature of this invention taught to exist in a given range or quantity can be combined with other elements of the corresponding embodiment, which also exist in the range or quantity taught by the other elements of this invention. In the described embodiments, all ranges and quantities of one element of the embodiment can be combined with all ranges and quantities of other elements. Therefore, the range or value taught for one element or component of the invention, such as preferred, more preferred, or most preferred, can be combined with any range or quantity taught for other elements or components of the embodiment, regardless of whether the range or quantity taught for other elements is referred to as preferred, more preferred, or most preferred, etc. (or simply disclosed without any such designation or reference).

[0436] The foregoing is a detailed description of the present invention. It should be understood that although specific embodiments of the invention have been described herein for illustrative purposes, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited except by the appended claims. In view of this disclosure, all embodiments disclosed and claimed in this invention can be practiced and performed without excessive experimentation. The contents of each document mentioned in this invention are to be understood as incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0437] Example

[0438] Unless otherwise stated, all synthetic processes and parameter measurements are assumed to have been performed at room temperature / ambient temperature (i.e., 21 ± 1 °C and atmospheric pressure). Unless otherwise stated, all reagents are laboratory grade. All reagents used in the mixtures and examples described below are commercially available under their specified product names. Orange terpenes were purchased from Carl Roth GmbH & Co. KG.

[0439] The embodiments described below are merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the invention as claimed and described elsewhere in any way.

[0440] The following mixtures (mixtures 1 to 3) according to the invention are produced by adding 2-adamantanone and (if present) adamantane and sweet orange terpene to a solvent (ethanol and (if present) petroleum ether (“Spezialbenzin”) 60 / 95, isopropanol and / or cyclopentane) in specified amounts and mixing / stirring together at room temperature to produce a solution. The resulting solution is filtered through a high-density filter (a paper funnel with a nylon insert, 125 μm; obtained from carparts GmbH, Cologne, Germany under the product name Car System Multi-StrainFarbsieb VE 125 μm; product number V146957-VE) to produce the final mixtures 1 to 3.

[0441]

[0442] Example 1

[0443] Using standard industrial equipment and techniques, the spray cans (filled in Pamasol-Swiss-Aerosol-Solutions, Switzerland) were used to pump mixture 1 into industrial-standard 400 mL spray cans (65 mm diameter, 157 mm height, 400 mL filling volume, 520 mL rim volume, 15 Bar, straight-walled cans obtained from G. Staehle GmbH u.Co.KG, Germany). The cans were then weighed before valves were installed, followed by standard procedures for coiling and sealing to determine the amount of mixture 1 contained therein. The cans were then pressurized with a liquid propellant (butane:propane:isobutane, 74:23:3), and the final weight of the cans was measured to determine the amount of propellant present. Finally, the cans were fitted with nozzles ("Sprühkopf") (nozzle diameter 0.51 (+ / - 0.02) mm; from Deutsche, Germany). (Originally obtained from Ventil GmbH) for use in activating valves, thereby releasing the composition upon pressing. The final composition of Example 1 consisted of 40 g ethanol, 12 g cyclopentane, 16 g 2-adamantanone, 0.1 g sweet orange terpene, and 160 g propellant.

[0444] Example 2

[0445] Using standard industrial equipment and techniques, mixture 2 was conveyed into a plastic container (1L large-volume bottle) capable of housing an air brush for subsequent application of the mixture to the object to be coated. The final composition of Example 2 consisted of 255g petroleum ether 60 / 95, 56.3g isopropanol, 147.8g ethanol, 22.2g 2-adamantanone, and 28.7g adamantane.

[0446] Example 3

[0447] Using standard industrial equipment and techniques, mixture 3 was conveyed into a plastic container (1L large-volume bottle) capable of housing an air brush for subsequent application to the object to be coated. The final composition of Example 3 consisted of 450g ethanol and 54g 2-adamantanone.

[0448] Comparative Example

[0449] In view of the problems constituting the present invention, embodiments of the present invention have been tested against a range of prior art, commercial and non-prior art products.

[0450] Comparative Example 1 (according to PCT / EP2019 / 080073) is a composition consisting of 22.9 g petroleum ether 40 / 65, 84.4 g cyclopentane, 38.1 g ethanol, 22.9 g adamantane, and 81.7 g propane. This composition was prepared as a pressurized aerosol spray in a standard 400 mL spray can in a manner similar to that described in Example 1 above.

[0451] Comparative Example 2 is a commercially available cyclododecane aerosol spray entitled "Cyclododecanspray" (product number: 2062 400) obtained from Deffner and Johann GmbH, Germany. According to the obtained data, this product contains at least 25% by weight of cyclododecane, at least 25% by weight of propane, at least 25% by weight of butane, and at least 10% by weight of isobutylene, and is available as a pressurized aerosol spray in a standard 400 mL spray can.

[0452] Comparative Example 3 is a solution of 16 g cyclododecane (in 24 g sec-butanol), 16 g n-pentane, 0.2 g sweet orange terpene, and 168 g propellant (butane:propane:isobutane, 74:23:3). The composition was prepared as a pressurized aerosol in a standard 400 mL spray can in a manner similar to that of the composition in Example 1.

[0453] Application of coating

[0454] Each composition of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 was applied to a test substrate (clean, solid, polished stainless steel plate) by manually applying a single uniform coating from a distance of approximately 300 mm. In the case of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, it involved simply releasing the composition from the respective spray can by pressing down the nozzle (thus opening the valve) and applying the coating to the polished stainless steel plate as described above. In the case of Example 2, the composition did not contain a propellant and was therefore sprayed onto the test substrate using an air brush (Tectake HVLP Lackierpistole, obtained from Tectake GmbH, air pressure 1.5 barg, and nozzle diameter 0.8). In the case of Example 3, the composition did not contain a propellant and was therefore projected onto the test substrate using an air brush (SATAgraph4, obtained from SATA GmbH & Co. KG, air pressure 1 barg, and nozzle diameter 0.3).

[0455] After the application step, half of the coating is removed by scraping. This step is performed with a sharp razor blade to obtain a clean edge between the coated and uncoated areas of the substrate.

[0456] test

[0457] Then, for each corresponding coated stainless steel sheet, tests were conducted on: 1) whether the coating produced a scannable surface (“scannability”), 2) the quality of the coated surface in terms of 2a) surface smoothness and 2b) surface uniformity, 3) coating thickness, 4) damage resistance, 5) the ability of reference points / spots to adhere to the coating, 6) the ability to remove spots / spots without negatively impacting surface quality, 7) the ability of spots / spots to re-adhere after removal, 8) coating residence time, 9) coating formation on oiled surfaces, 10) coating durability against flowing water, and 11) odor. The properties described were measured according to the following test procedures:

[0458] 1) Scannability

[0459] In this test, the ability of the coated surface to enable the scanner to generate 3D scans of the test object was evaluated. The scanner used was an ATOS Triple Scan 16M Plus 29M / SO, installed in a scanner cartridge 5120 obtained from the manufacturer GOM, and scanned according to the instructions and workflow specified by the scanner manufacturer in the software provided with the scanner (ATOS Professional 2018, Hotfix 1, Rev.111729, build 2018-08-22). In this case, the scanner was calibrated before any scanning measurements were performed. The calibration scan was performed according to the calibration steps specified in the aforementioned software, using an ATOS Triple Scan 16M Plus 29M / SO sensor with a measurement volume (“Messvolumen”) of MV170 (170mm × 130mm × 130mm). The calibration object was a calibration plate (Triple Scan; CP40-170-41739s). The number of calibration points was 3657, and the calibration temperature was 23.2°C. Apply the following calibration settings: Camera lens - 50.00mm, Focal length (projector) - 60.00mm, Recording mode - multi-record ("Mehrfachaufnahme"), Eclipse quality - 0.4.

[0460] Prepare the coated object (polished stainless steel plate) to be scanned as described above, and position the scanner directly in front of the specific plate to be measured. By calibrating the scanner's focus to coincide with the center of the plate to be scanned, it can be ensured that the plate is accurately positioned at the center of the scanner's measurement volume.

[0461] Then, each board is scanned following the steps described in the scanning software above. After a successful scan, the scanner is repositioned at a different angle to cover new areas of the board surface. Further scanning is then performed. This process is repeated until the entire surface of the board has been scanned. The scan data is processed using the scanner software, and the scan results are reported, including data regarding the surface uniformity of the coating as described below in this invention.

[0462] A result of "Yes" in the table below means that the scanner can generate a 3D scan of the coated object. A result of "Barely" in the table below means that less than 50% of the surface can be scanned.

[0463] 2) Surface quality

[0464] The quality of the coating surface is reflected by its 2a) smoothness and 2b) uniformity. Coating thickness (see 3 below), smoothness, and uniformity were determined using an Alicona G5 surface characterization device (obtained from Alicona Imaging GmbH, Germany; Product ID: A201015018, Alicona IF-frame SN:076201502516, Alicona IF-SensorC100 InstrumentG1Vb4 SN:074201502516, Alicona IF-C100 ElectronicsUnit Va2 SN:081027011915; Software - MeasureSuite 5.3.1), and each embodiment is reported in the table below. Surface uniformity was evaluated based on the scan measurements generated by the scanner and described by a visualization of the coating surface generated by the scanner software (MeasureSuite 5.3.1). This visualization of the coating surface for each embodiment is described in... Figures 6 to 8 Examples 1 to 3 and 9 to 11 (Comparative Examples 1 to 3) are summarized in the table below. A score of 1 (excellent quality) to 5 (very poor quality) is given based on the observed uniformity. Similarly, a score of 1 (excellent smoothness) to 5 (very poor smoothness) is given based on the observed smoothness.

[0465] 3) Coating thickness

[0466] The coating thickness is determined by following the procedure outlined in section 2) above. The surface thickness is evaluated based on scan measurements generated by a scanner. Figures 12 to 16 The diagram illustrates the coating thickness of each embodiment, and the average thickness of each embodiment and comparative example is summarized in the table below.

[0467] 4) Damage resistance

[0468] Stainless steel sheets coated with the corresponding compositions of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 as described above were produced and placed on a flat surface. Each sheet was then lifted off the surface and held for 5 seconds by grasping it between the fingers of one hand. The sheet was then placed back on the surface and released from the hand. Each sheet was then visually inspected and given a "rating" from 1 to 5 based on the resulting damage to the surface coating relative to its initial post-coating condition.

[0469] Rating: 1 = No coating damage upon handling, no need for reprocessing before scanning; 3 = Some degree of contamination during operation, but the coating remains intact to some extent; 5 = The coating is immediately contaminated / removed and loses its surface quality upon handling.

[0470] 5) Adhesion of reference point / spot

[0471] As described above, a coating of each corresponding composition was applied to a polished stainless steel sheet. After applying the composition and allowing it to dry to form the desired coating, reference points were applied to the coated surface. The applied points were then observed over a period of 30 minutes, and their initial adhesion to the coated surface / initial adhesion quality and any changes in adhesion degree over time were recorded.

[0472] Rating: 1 = Point adheres well to the coated surface and remains adhered until actively removed; 2 = Point adheres well to the coated surface; 3 = Point shows average adhesion to the coated surface; 4 = Point shows minimal adhesion to the coated surface and separates after a short time without further disturbance; 5 = Point does not adhere to the coated surface at all.

[0473] 6) The impact of spot / blemish removal on surface quality

[0474] As described in Test 5) above, a reference point is applied to the surface of the coated polished stainless steel sheet. The point is then manually removed by hand, taking care not to disturb the surface coating with your hands. The coated surface area with the reference point removed is then visually inspected and assigned a "rating" from 1 to 5 to reflect the quality of the remaining coating.

[0475] Rating: 1 = No significant deterioration in the quality of the coated surface; 5 = The quality of the coated surface is significantly impaired during spot removal.

[0476] 7) The ability of dots / spots to re-adhere

[0477] The steps of applying and removing the reference points are performed according to tests 5) and 6) above. The removed points are then reapplied to the coated surface from which they were removed, and their adhesion is tested according to the steps outlined in test 5) above.

[0478] Rating: 1 = After reapplication, the dots adhere very well to the coated surface and remain adhered until actively removed; 2 = After reapplication, the dots adhere well to the coated surface; 3 = After reapplication, the dots show average adhesion to the coated surface; 4 = After reapplication, the dots show minimal adhesion to the coated surface and separate after a short time without further disturbance; 5 = After reapplication, the dots do not adhere to the coated surface at all.

[0479] 8) Duration of stay

[0480] After coating the polished stainless steel sheet with the corresponding composition as described above, the time required to retain sufficient coating on the surface to allow for successful scanning measurements after the scanning process described above was determined. The results for each composition are listed in the table below. For this, a "short" result corresponds to a dwell time of less than 60 minutes, a "medium" result corresponds to a dwell time of 60 minutes to 24 hours or less, a "long" result corresponds to a dwell time of more than 24 hours to a maximum of 48 hours, a "very long" result corresponds to a dwell time of more than 48 hours to a maximum of 5 days, and a "too long / undesirable long" result corresponds to a dwell time of more than 5 days.

[0481] 9) A coating is formed on the oiled surface.

[0482] For metal (steel) gears with a lubricating oil protective coating, the coating of the corresponding composition is applied in the manner described above for polishing stainless steel plates, and scanning measurements are performed in accordance with the above test 1).

[0483] In the table below, a "good" result means that a coating of sufficient quality to produce a high-quality scan was produced, and that the coating subsequently sublimated to maintain the integrity of the underlying protective oil layer. A "medium" result means that a coating of sufficient quality to produce a high-quality scan was produced, but after sublimation, the underlying protective oil layer was no longer completely intact and had to be reapplied. A "poor" result means that a coating of sufficient quality to produce a high-quality scan was not formed.

[0484] 10) Water-resistant coating durability

[0485] Polished stainless steel sheets coated with each corresponding composition are produced as described above. The coated sheets are then held under a tap of running cold water, allowing the water to flow over the coated surface for 10 seconds. The sheets are then removed from the water flow path and allowed to air dry for 20 seconds. The coated surface is then visually evaluated to determine if the coating is damaged.

[0486] Rating: Yes = Tolerant of flowing water; No = Intolerant of flowing water.

[0487] 11) odor

[0488] The odor of the composition was evaluated based on an odor test. The composition was simply applied to a polished stainless steel surface in a well-ventilated room under standard conditions, and the odor was smelled and evaluated. The odor was scored by scanning application engineers who had regular experience using this type of "scanning spray." The average score was then calculated and reported as follows:

[0489] Rating: 1 = Pleasant smell; 2 = Almost no smell; 3 = Unpleasant smell.

[0490]

[0491]

[0492] Figures 1 to 5 Each of these examples shows the process of sublimation of the coating of Example 1 relative to the coating of Comparative Example 1 over time, the coating having been applied to a polished stainless steel plate as described above in this invention. Figures 6 to 16 Generated by the aforementioned scanner software, and showing, in particular, the surface quality, including smoothness, uniformity, and thickness, obtained after coating stainless steel plates with the corresponding compositions of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 according to the aforementioned coating application steps. Figures 6 to 11 As can be seen, the surface smoothness and uniformity of the coatings generated using the compositions of the present invention (Examples 1 to 3) are improved compared to the coatings generated using the compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to 3. Figures 12 to 16 It shows the thickness distribution along a specified path, starting from an uncoated area, continuing in a coated area, and ending back in an uncoated area. Figures 12 to 16 The x-axis of each element represents the distance from the start to the end of the path. The coating thickness is measured along this path and described in... Figures 12 to 16 Each of these graphs has a y-axis. In addition to the x-axis, each of these graphs shows two additional horizontal lines parallel to the x-axis. The lower of the two lines represents a thickness of 0 μm. The higher of the two lines represents the average thickness. The average thickness is reported in the table above.

[0493] Comparative Example 4

[0494] Comparative Example 4 is a composition consisting of 40g ethanol, 12g cyclopentane, 16g 1-adamantanol, 0.1g sweet orange terpene, and 160g propellant. This composition was prepared as a pressurized aerosol spray in a standard 400mL spray can in a manner similar to that described in Example 1 above.

[0495] Example 4

[0496] Example 4 is a composition consisting of 40g ethanol, 12g cyclopentane, 8g 2-adamantanone, 8g 1-adamantanol, 0.1g sweet orange terpene, and 160g propellant. This composition was prepared as a pressurized aerosol spray in a standard 400mL spray can in a manner similar to that described in Example 1 above.

[0497] The coatings of each mixture used in Comparative Example 4 and Example 4 were applied to the test substrates for coating application using the method described above, and the resulting coated stainless steel plates were tested according to the parameters reported in the table below using the method described above.

[0498] Example 1 Comparative Example 4 Example 4 1) Scannability yes yes yes 2a) Surface smoothness 1 2 1 2b) Surface uniformity 1 2 1 4) Duration of stay long Too long / Unexpectedly long Very long

[0499] The data above indicate that the use of 1-adamantanol results in an excessively long and burdensome dwell time for the coating, exceeding 5 days. This, in particular, causes significant delays of several days for users in terms of the ability to use measuring objects during the required manufacturing process, while waiting for the coating to fully sublimate. Furthermore, compared to corresponding compositions in which 1-adamantanol is replaced by 2-adamantanone (data from Comparative Example 4 and Example 1), the use of 1-adamantanol alone is considered to be associated with lower quality coatings in terms of surface smoothness and surface uniformity.

Claims

1. A composition comprising (i) one or more substituted adamantane-based compounds; and (ii) solvent A and / or (iii) solvent B; wherein the (i) one or more substituted adamantane-based compounds comprise one or more ketones of adamantane.

2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises: (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantane-based compounds.

3. The composition of claim 1, wherein each substitution in the (i) one or more substituted diamondoid compounds is independently selected from the group consisting of -F 1 , -CF3, -COOH, -CHO, -C(O)R 1 , -CO2R 1 , -OH, -OR 1 , -NH2, -NHR 1 , -NR 1 R 2 , wherein R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from -halo, =O, =NH, =NR 1 , =NOR 1 , and =NOH, wherein R 1 is methyl or C2-C6 alkyl, and R 2 is methyl or C2-C6 alkyl.

4. The composition according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, Independently of each other, each of the (i) one or more substituted adamantane-based compounds has one to three substituents.

5. The composition of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the (i) one or more substituted adamantane-based compounds comprise 2-adamantanone.

6. The composition of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the (ii) solvent A does not comprise a hydrocarbon.

7. The composition of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the (ii) solvent A is selected from the group consisting of one or more alcohols; one or more C4-C6 (cyclo)alkyl ethers; one or more C3-C8 ketones; one or more C3-C8 esters; and any combination thereof.

8. The composition of claim 7, wherein, The one or more alcohols are selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, cyclopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, isobutanol, t-butanol, cyclobutanol, n-pentanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 2,2-dimethyl-1-pentanol, 3-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 3-methyl-2-butanol, 2-methyl-2-butanol, cyclopentanol, 1-hexanol, 2-hexanol, 3-hexanol, 2-methyl-1-pentanol, 3-methyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, 2-methyl-2-pentanol, 3-methyl-2-pentanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, 2-methyl-3-pentanol, 3-methyl-3-pentanol, 2,2-dimethyl-1-butanol, 2,3-dimethyl-1-butanol, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 3,3-dimethyl-2-butanol, 2-ethyl-1-butanol, cyclohexanol, 2-heptanol, 3-heptanol, and 4-heptanol; the one or more C4-C6 (cyclo)alkyl ethers comprise diethyl ether or tetrahydrofuran; the one or more C3-C8 ketones comprise methyl ethyl ketone or acetone; and the one or more C3-C8 esters comprise methyl acetate or ethyl acetate.

9. The composition of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the (iii) solvent B is a hydrocarbon or a mixture of hydrocarbons.

10. The composition of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantane-based compounds are selected from the group consisting of adamantane, noradamantane, homo-adamantane, isodiamantane, BC-8, diamantane, triadamantane, isotetramantane, pentamantane, cyclohexadamantane, hyperdiamantane, and any combination thereof.

11. The composition of claim 10, wherein the (iv) one or more unsubstituted adamantane-based compounds are selected from adamantane, noradamantane, homo-adamantane, and any combination thereof.

12. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the composition further comprises a propellant.

13. An object comprising a coating formed by applying to the surface of the object the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. A method of manufacturing the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising the step of mixing together each component present in the composition.

15. A method of optically measuring a surface of an object, the method comprising the steps of: (a) applying to the surface of the object to be optically measured the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12; (b) optically measuring the surface of the object to which the composition has been applied.

16. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 12 to form a coating on a surface of an object.

17. The use according to claim 16, in order to prepare the surface of the object for optical measurement.

Images