An ultra-cold cooling fire extinguishing agent based on low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agents, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention discloses an ultra-cold cooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, belonging to the technical field of fire extinguishing materials, comprising: a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, a high-boiling-point cold storage liquid, and a mutual fusion promoter; wherein, the boiling point of the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent is lower than 0 °C under standard atmospheric pressure, and the boiling point of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid is higher than 50 °C under standard atmospheric pressure. The present invention utilizes the characteristic of the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent with a lower boiling point, and when it vaporizes, it can cool the object to be cooled to about its boiling point; and by adding the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid, the low-temperature effect generated during the vaporization of the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguisher bottle or pipeline is accumulated, and the formed low-temperature liquid can achieve an ultra-low temperature cooling effect on the surface of the object to be cooled; in addition, aiming at the incompatibility problem between the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent and the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid, by adding a mutual fusion promoter, the two are made to form a uniformly distributed mixture, thereby ensuring the cooling effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fire extinguishing materials, and particularly relates to an ultra-cold cooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, fire accidents caused by lithium batteries in electric vehicles and energy storage power stations have occurred frequently. An efficient fire extinguishing technology is one of the key means to ensure the safe application of lithium batteries. However, due to the complexity of lithium battery fires, it is difficult to extinguish them. In particular, lithium batteries are extremely prone to reignition, which easily leads to secondary fires, posing a huge challenge to fire fighting. According to existing research, quickly cooling lithium batteries is an effective method to inhibit their reignition.

[0003] Patent CN202310605248.X discloses a preparation method of a cooling dry powder fire extinguishing agent based on a dry water fire extinguishing agent. The dry water fire extinguishing agent prepared by this method has the advantages of good cooling effect and non-conductivity; Patent CN202111393988.9 discloses a preparation method of a composite fire extinguishing agent with a cooling function based on hydrated salts. This fire extinguishing agent also has good cooling performance and fire extinguishing performance; Although the above cooling fire extinguishing agents have good cooling performance, since their cooling mechanism is mainly based on the endothermic vaporization of water and the endothermic solid-liquid phase change of hydrated salt materials, their lowest cooling temperature is usually higher than the boiling point of water or the phase change temperature of hydrated salt materials (above 50°C). However, with the continuous increase in the size of lithium batteries, due to the temperature difference decreasing effect, even when the surface temperature of the battery reaches 50°C, the internal center temperature can still reach a relatively high lithium battery thermal runaway temperature.

[0004] Therefore, it is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art to provide an ultra-low temperature cooling technology that can reduce the surface temperature of the battery below 0°C or even lower, so as to effectively control the internal center temperature of the battery below its thermal runaway temperature. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an ultra-cold cooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent. The present invention utilizes the characteristic of the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent with a relatively low boiling point, and when it vaporizes, it can cool the object to be cooled to around its boiling point. At the same time, aiming at the problem that the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent is extremely easy to vaporize, and its vaporization process usually completely vaporizes in the fire extinguisher bottle or pipeline during actual use, making it difficult to reach the surface of the object to be cooled for vaporization and cooling, thus failing to achieve the purpose of cooling. By adding a high-boiling-point cold storage liquid, the low-temperature effect generated during the vaporization of the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguisher bottle or pipeline is accumulated, and the formed low-temperature liquid can achieve an ultra-low temperature cooling effect on the surface of the object to be cooled. In addition, aiming at the incompatibility problem between the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent and the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid, by adding a mutual fusion promoter, the two are made to form a uniformly distributed mixed liquid, thereby ensuring the cooling effect.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An ultra-cold cooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, comprising: a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, a high-boiling-point cold storage liquid, and a mutual fusion promoter;

[0008] Among them, the boiling point of the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent under standard atmospheric pressure is lower than 0 °C, and the boiling point of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid under standard atmospheric pressure is higher than 50 °C.

[0009] The present invention uses a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent with the characteristics of low boiling point and good fire extinguishing effect, which can ensure a low-temperature effect below 0 °C. The high-boiling-point cold storage liquid has the advantages of good cold storage effect and non-flammability. Through the mutual fusion promoter, the two are made to form a uniformly distributed mixed liquid, so as to achieve ultra-low temperature cooling, with good cooling effect, and can effectively inhibit the thermal runaway and re-ignition problems of lithium batteries.

[0010] Preferably, the mass ratio of the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid, and the mutual fusion promoter is 30-90:10-70:0.1-5.

[0011] Preferably, the freezing point of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid is less than the boiling point of the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent to ensure that the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid will not solidify and block the nozzle and pipeline during cold storage.

[0012] According to the above-mentioned ultra-cold cooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent is at least one of carbon dioxide and halogenated hydrocarbon low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agents;

[0013] The high-boiling-point cold storage liquid is at least one of inorganic salt aqueous solutions, fluoroalkane liquids, fluoroether hydrocarbon liquids, fluoroolefin liquids, fluorocycloalkanes, and fluoroamines;

[0014] The mutual fusion promoter is at least one of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate, sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate, sodium diisopropylnaphthalenesulfonate, sodium diisooctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium dibutyl sulfosuccinate, sodium dihexyl sulfosuccinate, sodium dipentyl sulfosuccinate, secondary alcohol sodium sulfate, sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, N-dodecyl dimethylamine, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, polyacrylamide, polyoxypropylene ether, polyoxyethylene ether, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, bis(tributylphenyl) polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether polyoxypropylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene ether, dibenzylbiphenol polyoxyethylene ether, benzyl dimethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, dibenzyl isopropylphenylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, bisphenethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, lauryl polyoxyethylene ether, isooctyl polyoxyethylene ether, octadecanol polyoxyethylene ether, isotridecanol polyoxyethylene ether, oleic acid polyoxyethylene ester, stearic acid polyoxyethylene ester, rosin acid polyoxyethylene ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, diglycerol polypropylene glycol ether, and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0015] Preferably, the halogenated hydrocarbon low-boiling gas fire extinguishing agent includes at least one of octafluoropropane, heptafluoropropane, hexafluoropropane, pentafluoroethane, tetrafluoroethane, trifluoroiodomethane, and trifluoromethane.

[0016] Preferably, the inorganic salt aqueous solution includes at least one of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, ammonium polyphosphate aqueous solution, ammonia aqueous solution, urea aqueous solution, sodium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, potassium bicarbonate aqueous solution, sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, sodium carbonate aqueous solution, potassium carbonate aqueous solution, sodium chloride aqueous solution, potassium chloride aqueous solution, ammonium bromide aqueous solution, ammonium sulfate aqueous solution, ammonium bisulfate aqueous solution, ammonium aluminum sulfate aqueous solution, sodium borate aqueous solution, potassium ferrocyanide aqueous solution, lanthanum nitrate aqueous solution, cerium sulfate aqueous solution, yttrium nitrate aqueous solution, and yttrium sulfate aqueous solution;

[0017] The fluorinated alkane liquids include at least one of perfluoro-2-methylpentane, perfluorohexane, and 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane;

[0018] The fluorinated ether hydrocarbon liquids include at least one of perfluorobutyl methyl ether, ethyl nonafluorobutyl ether, ethyl nonafluoroisobutyl ether, 2-trifluoromethyl-3-methoxydodecafluoropentane, 2-trifluoromethyl-3-ethoxydodecafluoropentane, 1,4-bis(heptafluoroisopropyl) perfluoroxolane, 1,2-bis(heptafluoro-1-propoxy) ethane, 1,3-bis(heptafluoro-1-propoxy) propane, and perfluoropropyl allyl ether;

[0019] The fluorinated olefin liquid includes at least one of 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-octadecafluoro-5-decene, 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluorocyclopentene, and 1,2-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)hexafluorocyclopentene;

[0020] The fluorinated cycloalkane includes at least one of perfluoromethylcyclopentane and perfluorocyclohexane;

[0021] The fluorinated amine includes at least one of perfluorotripropylamine, perfluorotributylamine, and perfluorotripentylamine.

[0022] A preparation method of a supercooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent as described above, characterized by including the following specific steps:

[0023] (1) Weigh the raw materials of the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, high-boiling-point cold storage liquid, and mutual fusion promoter according to the weight ratio for standby;

[0024] (2) After evacuating the empty fire extinguishing agent tank, inhale the mixed liquid of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid and the mutual fusion promoter, pressurize and inject the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, and then supplement nitrogen to the required pressure. After fusion treatment, a stable and uniform mixed liquid is formed, which is the supercooling fire extinguishing agent.

[0025] Preferably, in step (2), the fusion treatment is carried out by ultrasonic or oscillating means;

[0026] Among them, the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 20 - 60 kHz, and the ultrasonic time is 30 - 80 min;

[0027] The frequency of the oscillation is 100 - 800 times / minute, and the oscillation time is 1 - 6 h.

[0028] The application of the supercooling fire extinguishing agent as described above in battery fire extinguishing.

[0029] Preferably, the battery is any one of a lithium battery, a zinc-manganese battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, a fuel cell, a zinc-air battery, and a nickel-cadmium battery.

[0030] Through the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] (1) The fire extinguishing agent of the present invention can achieve the cooling effect of reducing the surface temperature of the battery below 0°C, realizing ultra-low temperature cooling, with good cooling effect, and can effectively inhibit the thermal runaway and re-ignition problems of lithium batteries;

[0032] (2) The fire extinguishing agent of the present invention solves the problem that traditional low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agents are extremely volatile and cannot reach the surface of lithium batteries for vaporization and endothermic cooling. It cleverly accumulates the vaporization refrigeration effect of low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agents in the fire extinguisher tank and release pipeline through high-boiling-point cold storage liquids, and can reach the battery surface for ultra-low temperature cooling;

[0033] (3) The high-boiling-point cold storage liquid used in the fire extinguishing agent of the present invention has excellent fire extinguishing characteristics or non-combustible characteristics. While enhancing the cooling capacity, it can also improve the fire extinguishing ability of the composite fire extinguishing agent;

[0034] (4) The fire extinguishing agent of the present invention uses a small amount of mutual fusion promoter, which can solve the problem of incompatibility between low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agents and high-boiling-point cold storage liquids, realize the uniform mixing of low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agents and high-boiling-point cold storage liquids, thereby ensuring the complete interaction between low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agents and high-boiling-point cold storage liquids and achieving a good cold storage effect;

[0035] (5) The fire extinguishing agent of the present invention does not change the structure and usage method of existing gas fire extinguishers, can directly replace existing gas fire extinguishing agents, is easy to use and convenient to promote. Detailed Embodiments

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] A preparation method of an ultra-cold cooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent is provided, including the following specific steps:

[0039] First, add the mutual fusion promoter polyacrylamide (0.02 kg) to the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid perfluorobutyl methyl ether (1.6 kg), then evacuate the fire extinguisher tank (with a volume of 8 L), then inhale the mixed liquid of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid and the mutual fusion promoter, and then use a booster pump to inject the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent carbon dioxide to a pressure of 5.5 Mpa (about 2.4 kg of carbon dioxide in the fire extinguisher tank). Finally, perform a fusion treatment on the mixed liquid by shaking (the shaking frequency is 100 times / minute and the shaking time is 6 h) to form a stable and uniform mixed liquid, which is the ultra-cold cooling fire extinguishing agent.

[0040] Embodiment 2

[0041] A preparation method of an ultra-cold cooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent is provided, including the following specific steps:

[0042] First, add the mutual fusion promoter sodium dodecyl sulfate (0.01 kg) to the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid 23% sodium chloride aqueous solution (1.0 kg). Then, evacuate the empty fire extinguishing agent tank (with a volume of 8 L), and then inhale the mixed liquid of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid and the mutual fusion promoter. Next, use a booster pump to inject the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent heptafluoropropane (3.0 kg), and supplement nitrogen to the required pressure of 1.6 Mpa. Finally, perform a fusion treatment on the mixed liquid by ultrasonic means (ultrasonic frequency is 20 kHz, ultrasonic time is 80 min) to form a stable and uniform mixed liquid, which is the supercooling fire extinguishing agent.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] Provide a preparation method of a supercooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, including the following specific steps:

[0045] First, add the mutual fusion promoter polyoxypropylene ether (0.05 kg) to the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid perfluoro-2-methylpentane (1.5 kg). Then, evacuate the empty fire extinguishing agent tank (with a volume of 8 L), and then inhale the mixed liquid of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid and the mutual fusion promoter. Next, use a booster pump to inject the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent heptafluoropropane (2.5 kg), and supplement nitrogen to the required pressure of 1.6 Mpa. Finally, perform a fusion treatment on the mixed liquid by shaking means (shaking frequency is 800 times per minute, shaking time is 1 h) to form a stable and uniform mixed liquid, which is the supercooling fire extinguishing agent.

[0046] Example 4

[0047] Provide a preparation method of a supercooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, including the following specific steps:

[0048] First, add the mutual fusion promoter polyoxyethylene stearate (0.09 kg) to the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid perfluorobutyl methyl ether (1.5 kg). Then, evacuate the empty fire extinguishing agent tank (with a volume of 8 L), and then inhale the mixed liquid of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid and the mutual fusion promoter. Next, use a booster pump to inject the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent heptafluoropropane (2.5 kg), and supplement nitrogen to the required pressure of 1.6 Mpa. Finally, perform a fusion treatment on the mixed liquid by ultrasonic means (ultrasonic frequency is 60 kHz, ultrasonic time is 30 min) to form a stable and uniform mixed liquid, which is the supercooling fire extinguishing agent.

[0049] Example 5

[0050] Provide a preparation method of a supercooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, including the following specific steps:

[0051] First, add the mutual fusion promoter polyoxyethylene stearate (0.09 kg) to the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-octadecafluoro-5-decene (1.5 kg). Then, evacuate the empty fire extinguishing agent tank (with a volume of 8 L), and then inhale the mixed liquid of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid and the mutual fusion promoter. Next, use a booster pump to inject the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent heptafluoropropane (2.5 kg), and supplement nitrogen to the required pressure of 1.6 Mpa. Finally, perform a fusion treatment on the mixed liquid by means of oscillation (oscillation frequency: 300 times / minute, oscillation time: 4 h) to form a stable and uniform mixed liquid, which is the supercooling fire extinguishing agent.

[0052] Example 6

[0053] Provide a preparation method of a supercooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, including the following specific steps:

[0054] First, add the mutual fusion promoter polyoxyethylene stearate (0.09 kg) to the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid perfluorotripropylamine (1.5 kg). Then, evacuate the empty fire extinguishing agent tank (with a volume of 8 L), and then inhale the mixed liquid of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid and the mutual fusion promoter. Next, use a booster pump to inject the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent heptafluoropropane (2.5 kg), and supplement nitrogen to the required pressure of 1.6 Mpa. Finally, perform a fusion treatment on the mixed liquid by means of ultrasonic waves (ultrasonic frequency: 30 kHz, ultrasonic time: 60 min) to form a stable and uniform mixed liquid, which is the supercooling fire extinguishing agent.

[0055] Example 7

[0056] Provide a preparation method of a supercooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, including the following specific steps:

[0057] First, add the mutual fusion promoter diglycerol polypropylene glycol ether (0.13 kg) to the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid perfluoromethylcyclopentane (1.5 kg). Then, evacuate the empty fire extinguishing agent tank (with a volume of 8 L), and then inhale the mixed liquid of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid and the mutual fusion promoter. Next, use a booster pump to inject the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent heptafluoropropane (2.5 kg), and supplement nitrogen to the required pressure of 1.6 Mpa. Finally, perform a fusion treatment on the mixed liquid by means of oscillation (oscillation frequency: 500 times / minute, oscillation time: 3 h) to form a stable and uniform mixed liquid, which is the supercooling fire extinguishing agent.

[0058] Example 8

[0059] Provide a preparation method of a supercooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, including the following specific steps:

[0060] First, add the mutual fusion promoter cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (0.07 kg) to the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid 20% ammonia water (0.8 kg). Then, evacuate the empty fire extinguisher can (with a volume of 8 L), and then inhale the mixed liquid of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid and the mutual fusion promoter. Next, use a booster pump to inject the low-boiling-point gaseous fire extinguishing agent trifluoroiodomethane (3.2 kg), and supplement nitrogen to the required pressure of 1.6 Mpa. Finally, perform a fusion treatment on the mixed liquid by means of oscillation (oscillation frequency: 600 times / minute, oscillation time: 2 h) to form a stable and uniform mixed liquid, which is the supercooling fire extinguishing agent.

[0061] Example 9

[0062] Provide a preparation method of a supercooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gaseous fire extinguishing agent, including the following specific steps:

[0063] First, add the mutual fusion promoter N-dodecyldimethylamine (0.05 kg) to the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid perfluorohexane (1.3 kg). Then, evacuate the empty fire extinguisher can (with a volume of 8 L), and then inhale the mixed liquid of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid and the mutual fusion promoter. Next, use a booster pump to inject the low-boiling-point gaseous fire extinguishing agent tetrafluoroethane (2.7 kg), and supplement nitrogen to the required pressure of 1.6 Mpa. Finally, perform a fusion treatment on the mixed liquid by means of oscillation (oscillation frequency: 600 times / minute, oscillation time: 2 h) to form a stable and uniform mixed liquid, which is the supercooling fire extinguishing agent.

[0064] Example 10

[0065] Provide a preparation method of a supercooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gaseous fire extinguishing agent, including the following specific steps:

[0066] First, add the mutual fusion promoter polyvinyl alcohol (0.003 kg) to the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid 20% aqueous ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution (2.1 kg). Then, evacuate the empty fire extinguisher can (with a volume of 8 L), and then inhale the mixed liquid of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid and the mutual fusion promoter. Next, use a booster pump to inject the low-boiling-point gaseous fire extinguishing agent hexafluoropropane (2.7 kg), and supplement nitrogen to the required pressure of 1.6 Mpa. Finally, perform a fusion treatment on the mixed liquid by means of oscillation (oscillation frequency: 600 times / minute, oscillation time: 2 h) to form a stable and uniform mixed liquid, which is the supercooling fire extinguishing agent.

[0067] Comparative Example 1

[0068] First, evacuate the empty fire extinguisher can (with a volume of 8 L), and then use a booster pump to inject the low-boiling-point gaseous fire extinguishing agent carbon dioxide to a pressure of 5.5 Mpa (about 2.4 kg of carbon dioxide in the fire extinguisher can).

[0069] Comparative Example 2

[0070] First, evacuate the empty fire extinguishing agent tank (with a volume of 8L), and then use a booster pump to inject the low-boiling-point gaseous fire extinguishing agent heptafluoropropane (3.0 kg), and supplement nitrogen to the required pressure of 1.6 Mpa.

[0071] Comparative Example 3

[0072] First, evacuate the empty fire extinguishing agent tank (with a volume of 8L), and then use a booster pump to inject the low-boiling-point gaseous fire extinguishing agent trifluoroiodomethane (3.2 kg), and supplement nitrogen to the required pressure of 1.6 Mpa.

[0073] Comparative Example 4

[0074] First, evacuate the empty fire extinguishing agent tank (with a volume of 8L), and then use a booster pump to inject the low-boiling-point gaseous fire extinguishing agent tetrafluoroethane (2.7 kg), and supplement nitrogen to the required pressure of 1.6 Mpa.

[0075] Comparative Example 5

[0076] First, evacuate the empty fire extinguishing agent tank (with a volume of 8L), and then use a booster pump to inject the low-boiling-point gaseous fire extinguishing agent hexafluoropropane (2.7 kg), and supplement nitrogen to the required pressure of 1.6 Mpa.

[0077] Comparative Example 6

[0078] First, evacuate the empty fire extinguishing agent tank (with a volume of 8L), and then use a booster pump to inject the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid 20% aqueous ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution (2.1 kg), and supplement nitrogen to the required pressure of 1.6 Mpa.

[0079] Effect verification experiment:

[0080] Heat a 129Ah ternary lithium-ion battery to 260°C by means of a heating sheet. When the lithium-ion battery starts thermal runaway, release the fire extinguishing agent in the example or comparative example, and use the thermocouple on the battery surface to measure the battery surface temperature at the start of fire extinguishing and after fire extinguishing.

[0081] The experimental results are shown in Table 1 below. It can be seen that for the same fire extinguishing agent, the supercooling technology can achieve a greater cooling effect. For example, for the same weight of carbon dioxide fire extinguishing agent in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, Example 1 can reduce the battery surface temperature to -38°C, while Comparative Example 1 only drops to 280°C; in Examples 2-7 using the technical solution of the present invention, the battery surface temperature can be reduced to near the boiling point of the low-boiling-point fire extinguishing agent heptafluoropropane (-16°C), while Comparative Example 2 only drops to 330°C; at the same time, if only the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid (Comparative Example 6) is used, it cannot be reduced below 0°C. The above results show that the present invention has significant use effects.

[0082] Table 1. Results of the effect verification experiment

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An ultra-cold cooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, characterized in that, Comprising: A low-boiling-point gaseous fire extinguishing agent, a high-boiling-point cold storage liquid, and a mutual solubility promoter; Wherein, the boiling point of the low-boiling-point gaseous fire extinguishing agent is lower than 0 °C under standard atmospheric pressure, and the boiling point of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid is higher than 50 °C under standard atmospheric pressure; The mass ratio of the low-boiling-point gaseous fire extinguishing agent, the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid, and the mutual solubility promoter is 30 - 90:10 - 70:0.1 - 5; The low-boiling-point gaseous fire extinguishing agent is at least one of carbon dioxide and halogenated hydrocarbon low-boiling-point gaseous fire extinguishing agents; The high-boiling-point cold storage liquid is at least one of aqueous inorganic salt solutions, fluoroalkane liquids, fluoroether hydrocarbon liquids, fluoroolefin liquids, fluorocycloalkanes, and fluoroamines; the aqueous inorganic salt solutions include at least one of aqueous ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution, aqueous ammonium polyphosphate solution, aqueous ammonia solution, aqueous urea solution, aqueous sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution, aqueous potassium bicarbonate solution, aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, aqueous sodium carbonate solution, aqueous potassium carbonate solution, aqueous sodium chloride solution, aqueous potassium chloride solution, aqueous ammonium bromide solution, aqueous ammonium sulfate solution, aqueous ammonium bisulfate solution, aqueous ammonium aluminum sulfate solution, aqueous sodium borate solution, aqueous potassium ferricyanide solution, aqueous lanthanum nitrate solution, aqueous cerium sulfate solution, aqueous yttrium nitrate solution, and aqueous yttrium sulfate solution; the fluoroalkane liquids include at least one of perfluoro-2-methylpentane, perfluorohexane, and 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane; the fluoroether hydrocarbon liquids include at least one of perfluorobutyl methyl ether, ethyl nonafluorobutyl ether, ethyl nonafluoroisobutyl ether, 2-trifluoromethyl-3-methoxydodecafluoropentane, 2-trifluoromethyl-3-ethoxydodecafluoropentane, 1,4-bis(heptafluoroisopropyl)perfluoroxolane, 1,2-bis(heptafluoro-1-propoxy)ethane, 1,3-bis(heptafluoro-1-propoxy)propane, and perfluoropropyl allyl ether; the fluoroolefin liquids include at least one of 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,7,7,8,8,9,9,10,10,10-octadecafluoro-5-decene, 3,3,4,4,5,5-hexafluorocyclopentene, and 1,2-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)hexafluorocyclopentene; the fluorocycloalkanes include at least one of perfluoromethylcyclopentane and perfluorocyclohexane; the fluoroamines include at least one of perfluorotripropylamine, perfluorotributylamine, and perfluorotripentylamine; The mutual fusion promoter is at least one of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium butylnaphthalenesulfonate, sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate, sodium diisopropylnaphthalenesulfonate, sodium diisooctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium dibutyl sulfosuccinate, sodium dihexyl sulfosuccinate, sodium dipentyl sulfosuccinate, secondary alcohol sulfate, sodium lauryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, N-dodecyl dimethylamine, dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, polyacrylamide, polyoxypropylene ether, polyoxyethylene ether, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, bis(tributylphenyl) polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether polyoxypropylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxypropylene polyoxyethylene ether, dibenzylbiphenylol polyoxyethylene ether, benzyl dimethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, dibenzylisopropylphenylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, phenethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, bisphenethylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, lauryl polyoxyethylene ether, isooctyl polyoxyethylene ether, octadecanol polyoxyethylene ether, isotridecanol polyoxyethylene ether, oleic acid polyoxyethylene ester, stearic acid polyoxyethylene ester, rosin acid polyoxyethylene ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, diglycerol polypropylene glycol ether, and polyvinyl alcohol.

2. The supercooling fire extinguishing agent based on low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, wherein The freezing point of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid is less than the boiling point of the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent.

3. The supercooling cooling fire extinguishing agent based on low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent according to claim 1, characterized in that, The halogenated hydrocarbon low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent includes at least one of octafluoropropane, heptafluoropropane, hexafluoropropane, pentafluoroethane, tetrafluoroethane, trifluoroiodomethane, and trifluoromethane.

4. The preparation method of an ultra-cold cooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It includes the following specific steps: (1) Weigh the raw materials, namely the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid, and the mutual fusion promoter, according to the weight ratio, and set aside for later use; (2) After evacuating the empty fire extinguishing agent tank, suck in the mixed liquid of the high-boiling-point cold storage liquid and the mutual fusion promoter, pressurize and inject the low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent, and then supplement nitrogen to the required pressure. After fusion treatment, a stable and uniform mixed liquid is formed, which is the supercooling fire extinguishing agent.

5. The preparation method of an ultra-cold cooling fire extinguishing agent based on a low-boiling-point gas fire extinguishing agent according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (2), the fusion treatment is carried out by ultrasonic or oscillating means.

6. The application of the supercooling fire extinguishing agent according to any one of claims 1-3 in battery fire extinguishing.

7. The application according to claim 6, characterized in that The battery is any one of lithium batteries, zinc-manganese batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, fuel cells, zinc-air batteries, and nickel-cadmium batteries.

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