A ceramic pulverizer and classifier for cathode materials

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of cathode material crushing and processing, and discloses a cathode material ceramic crushing and classification machine, including a pneumatic crushing and classification machine. A crushing gas pipe is connected to the outer side of the bottom of the pneumatic crushing and classification machine. A classification motor is fixedly installed at the top of the pneumatic crushing and classification machine, and the output shaft of the classification motor penetrates into the interior of the pneumatic crushing and classification machine and is fixedly connected to a ceramic classification impeller through a connecting rotating shaft. A ceramic lining is fixedly installed on the inner bottom side of the pneumatic crushing and classification machine, and a crushing and collision component is arranged in the ceramic lining. Secondary crushing and grinding mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the connecting rotating shaft corresponding to the inside of the ceramic classification impeller. While improving the crushing rate of the cathode material ceramic crushing and classification machine, it also reduces the amount of materials that are re-crushed into the ceramic lining each time, thereby reducing the number of cycles for the cathode material ceramic crushing and classification machine to crush and classify the cathode material, and thus improving the operating efficiency of the cathode material ceramic crushing and classification machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of cathode material crushing and processing, and specifically to a ceramic crushing and grading machine for cathode materials. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, due to the characteristics of high energy density and long cycle life, lithium-ion batteries have developed rapidly, which has driven the innovation and progress of upstream material technologies. In the cathode material system of lithium-ion batteries, ternary materials and lithium iron phosphate have been widely used in large quantities. Especially for ternary cathode materials, which have both high energy density and low-temperature performance and are the preferred cathode material system for high-end new energy vehicles. Ternary single-crystal materials have very high hardness after sintering, and conventional mechanical crushing cannot meet the requirements. Fluidized bed jet mills have been widely used due to their efficient, low-temperature, and non-destructive crushing characteristics. In order to meet the requirement of no pollution (no impurity mixing) of the powder, crushers with ceramic linings have emerged, that is, ceramic materials are used on the inner walls of the feeding system, crushing chamber, classification chamber, etc. and other parts in contact with the materials to be crushed. However, there is only one set of crushing air pressure and nozzles in the existing entire crushing system. In the same crushing system, all the materials in the crushing chamber have experienced almost the same impact pressure and collision, and the degree of fragmentation is basically the same, with very little adjustable space. The degree of crushing of the materials will affect the number of classification cycles, thus affecting the overall crushing efficiency of the processing. Therefore, we have proposed a ceramic crushing and grading machine for cathode materials. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a ceramic crushing and grading machine for cathode materials, which solves the above problems.

[0005] (2) Technical Solutions

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a positive electrode material ceramic pulverizing and classifying machine, comprising an airflow pulverizing and classifying machine, a gas pressure equalizing and diverting ring is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the airflow pulverizing and classifying machine, and a pulverizing gas passage is connected to the side of the gas pressure equalizing and diverting ring on the airflow pulverizing and classifying machine, a grading motor is fixedly installed on the top of the airflow pulverizing and classifying machine, and the output shaft of the grading motor passes through the interior of the airflow pulverizing and classifying machine and is fixedly connected to a ceramic grading impeller through a connecting rotating shaft, a ceramic lining is fixedly installed on the inner bottom side of the airflow pulverizing and classifying machine, and the interior of the ceramic lining is positive The ceramic lining is provided with a crushing and collision assembly, and the components in the crushing and collision assembly are all made of ceramic materials. A partition plate is fixedly installed above the ceramic grading impeller inside the airflow crushing classifier, and a circular discharge hole is opened at the center of the partition plate corresponding to the top opening of the ceramic grading impeller, and the connecting shaft between the grading motor and the ceramic grading impeller passes through the circular discharge hole. Secondary crushing and grinding mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the corresponding connecting shaft inside the ceramic grading impeller, and a driving transmission assembly is arranged between the connecting shaft and the two groups of secondary crushing and grinding mechanisms in the ceramic grading impeller.

[0007] Preferably, the ceramic lining component is provided with a plurality of groups of inclined gas outlet holes connected with the gas pressure equalizing and diverter ring near the bottom, the plurality of groups of gas outlet holes are inclined in the same circumferential direction, and the plurality of groups of inclined gas outlet holes are distributed equidistantly in a ring shape, and the bottom inner wall of the ceramic lining component is provided with a drainage groove composed of a plurality of groups of annular grooves, and the plurality of groups of annular grooves in the drainage groove are concentric and have equidistantly enlarged diameters.

[0008] Preferably, the crushing and collision assembly includes a base ring, a collision column one, a drainage arc plate and a collision column two. The base ring has the same shape as the outermost annular groove in the drainage groove, and four groups of collision columns one distributed in an annular shape and at equal intervals are fixedly installed on the bottom outer wall of the base ring, and the bottom ends of the four groups of collision columns one at the bottom of the base ring are slidably clamped in the outermost annular groove in the drainage groove, and a limiting annular groove is provided on the annular inner wall of the outermost annular groove in the drainage groove, and a limiting clamping ring that is adapted to and clamped in the limiting annular groove is fixed at the bottom ends of the four groups of collision columns one, and a flow ring that is the same as the innermost annular groove in the drainage groove is fixedly connected at the center of the base ring, and multiple groups of collision columns two are fixedly connected to the bottom of the flow ring, and two groups of drainage arc plates are fixedly installed on the four groups of collision columns one.

[0009] Preferably, the two groups of guide arc plates on each group of collision column one are symmetrically connected on both sides of the collision column one, the outer walls on both sides of the guide arc plates are in an arc shape that is close to each other and concave, and the end side of the guide arc plate away from the collision column one is sharp.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of groups of regularly arranged vent holes are provided on the guide arc plate.

[0011] Preferably, the secondary crushing and grinding mechanism includes a grinding cylindrical hammer I, a grinding cylindrical hammer II, and a driving gear. On the inner walls of both sides of the partition plate corresponding to the circular discharge through-hole, an integrated horizontal base rod is fixedly provided. The two groups of horizontal base rods are located on both sides of the connecting rotating shaft and are symmetric to each other. On each of the two groups of horizontal base rods, two rotating shaft base rods are rotatably installed. The bottom ends of the two rotating shaft base rods on the horizontal base rod extend into the interior of the ceramic grading impeller and are respectively fixedly connected to the grinding cylindrical hammer I and the grinding cylindrical hammer II. The grinding cylindrical hammer I and the grinding cylindrical hammer II are close to each other. On the outer wall of one side of the grinding cylindrical hammer I, a plurality of groups of grinding protrusions are arranged in an equidistant annular distribution. On the outer wall of one side of the grinding cylindrical hammer II, a plurality of groups of grinding arc grooves are fixedly provided in an equidistant annular distribution and are adapted to the grinding protrusions. The grinding arc grooves on the grinding cylindrical hammer II are filled in the grinding protrusions formed on the grinding cylindrical hammer I and there are gaps.

[0012] Preferably, the positions and numbers of the grinding protrusions formed on the grinding cylindrical hammer I correspond to and are the same as the positions and numbers of the grinding arc grooves provided on the grinding cylindrical hammer II.

[0013] Preferably, the driving transmission assembly includes a driving gear, a driven gear, a double-groove pulley, and a driven pulley. The top ends of the rotating shaft base rods on the two groups of horizontal base rods penetrate through the top ends of the horizontal base rods. The top ends of the two rotating shaft base rods on each group of horizontal base rods are respectively fixedly connected to the driving gear and the driven gear, and the driving gear and the driven gear are flush and meshed. A double-groove pulley is fixedly sleeved on the connecting rotating shaft above the ceramic grading impeller. On the top ends of the driving gears on the two groups of horizontal base rods, driven pulleys are fixedly installed. Belts are rotatably sleeved between the driving gears located on both sides of the connecting rotating shaft and the double-groove pulley.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom ends of the two groups of horizontal base rods in the partition plate are downwardly convex arc surfaces, that is, the cross-section of the horizontal base rod is semi-circular.

[0015] (III) Beneficial effects

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a positive electrode material ceramic crushing and grading machine, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. When the positive electrode material ceramic pulverizer and classifier pulverizes the positive electrode material, the pulverized material airflow is introduced into the internal of the airflow pulverizer and classifier through the gas pressure equalizing and shunting ring and the pulverizing gas pipe. At this time, the airflow will fill the ceramic lining of the airflow pulverizer and classifier through the air outlet through holes distributed in a ring shape on the ceramic lining. At the same time, the airflow will form a vortex cyclone converging towards the center according to the inclination direction of the air outlet through holes and the action of the drainage groove. At the same time, the airflow will drive the material to flow upward within the range of the innermost ring groove in the drainage groove, so as to classify and discharge the pulverized positive electrode material, ensuring that the positive electrode material can flow and collide regularly in the direction of the airflow after entering the positive electrode material ceramic pulverizer and classifier, and improving the pulverizing and discharging efficiency of the material.

[0018] 2. When the positive electrode material is pulverized in the ceramic lining of the positive electrode material ceramic pulverizer and classifier, the airflow ejected from the air outlet through hole will impact the drainage arc plate on the collision column 1 below the base ring, thereby bringing a thrust to the collision column 1, enabling all components on the base ring to rotate as a whole with the drainage arc plates on the four groups of collision columns 1 receiving a thrust in the same circumferential direction. At this time, the limit snap ring at the bottom of the collision column 1 will move in a circular motion along the limit ring groove. When the positive electrode material collides and pulverizes with each other in the ceramic lining with the airflow, it will collide irregularly with the rotating base ring, through-flow ring, collision column 1 and collision column 2, thereby further increasing the collision rate of the positive electrode material and improving the pulverizing efficiency of the positive electrode material when it is collided and pulverized in the ceramic lining.

[0019] 3. For the positive electrode material ceramic pulverizer and classifier, the air holes opened on the drainage arc plate will enable the airflow to pass through the drainage arc plate smoothly, reducing the probability that the airflow changes its flow law due to being blocked by the drainage arc plate.

[0020] 4. For the positive electrode material ceramic pulverizer and classifier, the bottom ends of the two cross base rods in the partition plate are downward convex arc surfaces, that is, the cross section of the cross base rod is semicircular. By setting the bottom end of the cross base rod as an arc surface, when the upward airflow drives the powder material to discharge, it will be shunted when touching the ground of the cross base rod, but will not block the powder material from discharging, ensuring the smoothness of discharging.

[0021] 5. For this positive electrode material ceramic crushing and classification machine, after crushing, the material flows upward with the air flow at the center for classification. At this time, the material will enter the ceramic classification impeller that rotates at high speed driven by the classification motor. The material is classified through the ceramic classification impeller. In the ceramic classification impeller, the powder material will directly discharge through the opening at the top of the ceramic classification impeller and the circular discharge through-hole opened at the center of the partition plate. When some materials are classified in the ceramic classification impeller under the action of centrifugal force, since the classification motor drives the connecting rotating shaft to rotate at high speed, the two driven pulleys on both sides are driven to rotate synchronously through the double-groove pulley, so that the driving gears on the two cross base rods rotate and drive the driven gears to rotate relative to each other. At this time, the two grinding cylindrical hammers I and II on both sides in the ceramic classification impeller will rotate relatively at high speed. When some materials enter the gap between the grinding protrusions and the grinding arc grooves, some of the materials in the ceramic classification impeller will be subjected to the grinding operation generated by the relative rotation of the grinding cylindrical hammer I and the grinding cylindrical hammer II. Therefore, when classifying in the ceramic classification impeller, secondary crushing can be carried out, and some materials are directly crushed into powder and then discharged. While increasing the crushing rate of this positive electrode material ceramic crushing and classification machine, the amount of materials that are re-crushed into the ceramic lining parts each time will also be reduced, thereby reducing the number of cycles for this positive electrode material ceramic crushing and classification machine to crush and classify the positive electrode material, and thus improving the operating efficiency of this positive electrode material ceramic crushing and classification machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pneumatic crushing and classification machine of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pneumatic crushing and classification machine of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the ceramic lining part of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the crushing and collision assembly of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the partition plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 is Figure 3 a partial enlarged schematic view at A in

[0029] In the figure: 1. Airflow crushing and classification machine; 2. Gas pressure equalizing and shunting ring; 3. Crushing gas pipe; 4. Ceramic lining; 5. Crushing and collision assembly; 6. Classification motor; 7. Ceramic classification impeller; 8. Partition plate; 9. Circular discharge through hole; 10. Secondary crushing and grinding mechanism; 11. Air outlet through hole; 12. Drainage groove; 13. Base ring; 14. Flow through ring; 15. First collision column; 16. Limit snap ring; 17. Limit ring groove; 18. Drainage arc plate; 19. Vent hole; 20. Second collision column; 21. Horizontal base rod; 22. First grinding cylindrical hammer; 23. Second grinding cylindrical hammer; 24. Rotating shaft base rod; 25. Driving gear; 26. Driven gear; 27. Grinding arc groove; 28. Grinding protrusion; 29. Double groove pulley; 30. Driven pulley. Detailed implementation mode

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1-7 , a positive electrode material ceramic crushing and classification machine, including an airflow crushing and classification machine 1. A gas pressure equalizing and shunting ring 2 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the bottom of the airflow crushing and classification machine 1. A crushing gas pipe 3 is connected to the side of the gas pressure equalizing and shunting ring 2 on the airflow crushing and classification machine 1. A classification motor 6 is fixedly installed on the top of the airflow crushing and classification machine 1. The output shaft of the classification motor 6 penetrates into the interior of the airflow crushing and classification machine 1 and is fixedly connected to a ceramic classification impeller 7 through a connecting rotating shaft. A ceramic lining 4 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom side of the airflow crushing and classification machine 1. The interior of the ceramic lining 4 is a positive electrode material crushing chamber. A crushing and collision assembly 5 is arranged in the ceramic lining 4, and the components in the crushing and collision assembly 5 are all made of ceramic materials. A partition plate 8 is fixedly installed above the ceramic classification impeller 7 inside the airflow crushing and classification machine 1. A circular discharge through hole 9 is opened at the center of the top opening corresponding to the ceramic classification impeller 7 on the partition plate 8. The connecting rotating shaft between the classification motor 6 and the ceramic classification impeller 7 passes through the circular discharge through hole 9. Secondary crushing and grinding mechanisms 10 are arranged on both sides of the connecting rotating shaft corresponding to the interior of the ceramic classification impeller 7. A driving transmission assembly is arranged between the connecting rotating shaft and the two groups of secondary crushing and grinding mechanisms 10 in the ceramic classification impeller 7.

[0032] In the ceramic inner liner 4, a plurality of inclined air outlet through holes 11 communicating with the gas equalizing and shunting ring 2 are arranged near the bottom position. The plurality of air outlet through holes 11 are inclined in the same circumferential direction, and the plurality of inclined air outlet through holes 11 are annularly and equidistantly distributed. The bottom inner wall of the ceramic inner liner 4 is provided with a drainage groove 12 composed of a plurality of annular grooves. The plurality of annular grooves in the drainage groove 12 are concentric and the diameters are equidistantly enlarged. The air flow will fill the ceramic inner liner 4 of the air flow pulverizing and classifying machine 1 through the annularly distributed air outlet through holes 11 on the ceramic inner liner 4. At the same time, the air flow will form a vortex cyclone converging towards the center according to the inclination direction of the air outlet through holes 11 and the action of the drainage groove 12. At the same time, the air flow will drive the material to flow upward within the range of the innermost annular groove in the drainage groove 12, so as to classify and discharge the pulverized cathode material.

[0033] The pulverizing and colliding assembly 5 includes a base ring 13, a first collision column 15, a drainage arc plate 18 and a second collision column 20. The base ring 13 has the same shape as the outermost annular groove in the drainage groove 12. Four groups of first collision columns 15 distributed annularly and equidistantly are fixedly installed on the bottom outer wall of the base ring 13. The bottom ends of the four first collision columns 15 at the bottom of the base ring 13 are slidably clamped in the outermost annular groove in the drainage groove 12. A limiting ring groove 17 is provided on the annular inner wall of the outermost annular groove in the drainage groove 12. A limiting clamping ring 16 adapted to the limiting ring groove 17 and clamped in the limiting ring groove 17 is fixedly provided at the bottom ends of the four first collision columns 15. A through-flow ring 14 identical to the innermost annular groove in the drainage groove 12 is fixedly connected to the center of the base ring 13. A plurality of second collision columns 20 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the through-flow ring 14. Two drainage arc plates 18 are fixedly installed on each of the four first collision columns 15. The two drainage arc plates 18 on each first collision column 15 are symmetrically connected to both sides of the first collision column 15. The outer walls on both sides of the drainage arc plate 18 are arc-shaped and recessed towards each other. The end side of the drainage arc plate 18 facing away from the first collision column 15 is sharp. The air flow ejected from the air outlet through holes 11 will impact the drainage arc plates 18 on the first collision columns 15 below the base ring 13, thereby bringing a thrust to the first collision columns 15, enabling the entire assembly on the base ring 13 to rotate with the thrust in the same circumferential direction received by the drainage arc plates 18 on the four first collision columns 15. At this time, the limiting clamping ring 16 at the bottom end of the first collision column 15 will move in a circular motion along the limiting ring groove 17. When the cathode material collides and pulverizes with each other in the ceramic inner liner 4 with the air flow, it will randomly collide with the rotating base ring 13, through-flow ring 14, first collision column 15 and second collision column 20, thereby further increasing the collision rate of the cathode material.

[0034] A plurality of regularly arranged ventilation holes 19 are provided on the drainage arc plate 18. The ventilation holes 19 on the drainage arc plate 18 will enable the air flow to smoothly pass through the drainage arc plate 18, reducing the probability that the air flow changes its flow law due to being blocked by the drainage arc plate 18.

[0035] The secondary crushing and grinding mechanism 10 includes a grinding cylindrical hammer one 22, a grinding cylindrical hammer two 23, and a driving gear 25. On the inner walls of both sides of the partition plate 8 corresponding to the circular discharge through-hole 9, an integrated horizontal base rod 21 is fixedly provided. The two groups of horizontal base rods 21 are located on both sides of the connecting rotating shaft and are symmetrical to each other. Two rotating shaft base rods 24 are rotatably installed on each of the two groups of horizontal base rods 21. The bottom ends of the two rotating shaft base rods 24 on the horizontal base rod 21 extend into the interior of the ceramic grading impeller 7 and are respectively fixedly connected with a grinding cylindrical hammer one 22 and a grinding cylindrical hammer two 23. The grinding cylindrical hammer one 22 and the grinding cylindrical hammer two 23 are close to each other. On the outer wall of the side surface of the grinding cylindrical hammer one 22, a plurality of grinding protrusions 28 are provided in an annular and equally spaced distribution. On the outer wall of the side surface of the grinding cylindrical hammer two 23, a plurality of grinding arc grooves 27 are fixedly provided in an annular and equally spaced distribution and are adapted to the grinding protrusions 28. The grinding arc grooves 27 on the grinding cylindrical hammer two 23 are filled in the grinding protrusions 28 provided on the grinding cylindrical hammer one 22 and there are gaps, forming a grinding cavity to grind and crush part of the materials filling the ceramic grading impeller 7.

[0036] The position and number of groups of the grinding protrusions 28 provided on the grinding cylindrical hammer one 22 correspond to and are the same as the position and number of groups of the grinding arc grooves 27 provided on the grinding cylindrical hammer two 23. The grinding cylindrical hammer one 22 and the grinding cylindrical hammer two 23 rotate relatively, and the grinding arc grooves 27 on the grinding cylindrical hammer two 23 and the grinding protrusions 28 on the grinding cylindrical hammer one 22 are continuously converted and filled, similar to the meshing rotation of two groups of gears.

[0037] The driving transmission assembly includes a driving gear 25, a driven gear 26, a double-groove pulley 29, and a driven pulley 30. The top ends of the rotating shaft base rods 24 on the two groups of horizontal base rods 21 penetrate through the top ends of the horizontal base rods 21. The top ends of the two rotating shaft base rods 24 on each group of horizontal base rods 21 are respectively fixedly connected with a driving gear 25 and a driven gear 26, and the driving gear 25 and the driven gear 26 are flush and meshed. A double-groove pulley 29 is fixedly sleeved on the connecting rotating shaft corresponding to the upper part of the ceramic grading impeller 7. The top ends of the driving gears 25 on the two groups of horizontal base rods 21 are respectively fixedly installed with driven pulleys 30. A belt is rotatably sleeved between the driving gears 25 located on both sides of the connecting rotating shaft and the double-groove pulley 29.

[0038] The bottom ends of the two groups of horizontal base rods 21 in the partition plate 8 are downward convex arc surfaces, that is, the cross-section of the horizontal base rod 21 is semicircular. By setting the bottom end of the horizontal base rod 21 as an arc surface, when the upward airflow drives the powder material to discharge, when it touches the ground of the horizontal base rod 21, it will be shunted, but it will not block the powder material from discharging. If the bottom of the horizontal base rod 21 is set as a horizontal plane, it will hinder the discharge of part of the materials, resulting in powder accumulation and affecting the discharge.

[0039] Working principle: When crushing the cathode material, the airflow for crushing the material is introduced into the internal of the airflow crushing classifier 1 through the gas pressure equalizing and shunting ring 2 and the crushing gas through pipe 3. At this time, the airflow will fill the ceramic lining part 4 of the airflow crushing classifier 1 through the air outlet through holes 11 distributed in a ring shape on the ceramic lining part 4. At the same time, the airflow will form a vortex cyclone that converges towards the center according to the inclination direction of the air outlet through holes 11 and the action of the drainage groove 12. At the same time, the airflow will drive the material to flow upward within the range of the innermost ring-shaped groove in the drainage groove 12, so as to classify and discharge the crushed cathode material. At the same time, when the cathode material is crushed in the ceramic lining part 4, the airflow ejected from the air outlet through holes 11 will impact the drainage arc plate 18 on the collision column 15 below the base ring 13, thereby bringing a thrust to the collision column 15, enabling all components on the base ring 13 to rotate as a whole along with the drainage arc plates 18 on the four groups of collision columns 15 being subjected to a thrust in the same circumferential direction. At this time, the limit clamping ring 16 at the bottom end of the collision column 15 will move in a circular motion along the limit ring groove 17. When the cathode material collides and crushes with each other with the airflow in the ceramic lining part 4, it will randomly collide with the rotating base ring 13, the through-flow ring 14, the collision column 15, and the collision column 20, thereby further increasing the collision rate of the cathode material, and thus improving the efficiency of the cathode material being crushed by collision in the ceramic lining part 4. At the same time, the air vent holes 19 on the drainage arc plate 18 will enable the airflow to smoothly pass through the drainage arc plate 18, reducing the probability of the airflow changing its flow pattern due to being blocked by the drainage arc plate 18;

[0040] After being crushed, the material is classified upward along with the airflow at the center. At this time, the material will enter the ceramic classification impeller 7 that is driven to rotate at high speed by the classification motor 6. The material is classified through the ceramic classification impeller 7. In the ceramic classification impeller 7, the powder material will directly discharge through the top opening of the ceramic classification impeller 7 and the circular discharge through-hole 9 opened at the center of the partition plate 8. When some materials are classified in the ceramic classification impeller 7 under the action of centrifugal force, since the classification motor 6 drives the connecting rotating shaft to rotate at high speed, the two driven belt wheels 30 on both sides are driven to rotate synchronously through the double-groove belt pulley 29, so that the driving gears 25 on the two horizontal base rods 21 rotate and drive the driven gears 26 to rotate relative to each other. At this time, the grinding cylindrical hammers one 22 and the grinding cylindrical hammers two 23 on both sides in the ceramic classification impeller 7 will rotate relatively at high speed. When some materials enter the gaps between the grinding protrusions 28 and the grinding arc grooves 27, some of the materials in the ceramic classification impeller 7 will be subjected to the grinding operation generated by the relative rotation of the grinding cylindrical hammers one 22 and the grinding cylindrical hammers two 23. Therefore, when the materials are classified in the ceramic classification impeller 7, secondary crushing can be carried out. After some materials are directly crushed into powder, they are discharged. While improving the crushing rate of the positive electrode material ceramic crusher and classifier, the amount of materials that are re-crushed into the ceramic lining 4 each time after being classified will also be reduced, thereby reducing the number of cycles of crushing and classifying the positive electrode material by the positive electrode material ceramic crusher and classifier, and thus improving the working efficiency of the positive electrode material ceramic crusher and classifier.

[0041] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A ceramic crushing and classifying machine for a cathode material, comprising a pneumatic crushing and classifying machine (1). A gas equalizing and shunting ring (2) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the pneumatic crushing and classifying machine (1). A crushing gas pipe (3) is connected to the side of the gas equalizing and shunting ring (2) on the pneumatic crushing and classifying machine (1). A grading motor (6) is fixedly installed at the top of the pneumatic crushing and classifying machine (1). The output shaft of the grading motor (6) penetrates into the interior of the pneumatic crushing and classifying machine (1) and is fixedly connected to a ceramic grading impeller (7) through a connecting rotating shaft. It is characterized in that: A ceramic lining part (4) is fixedly installed on the inner bottom side of the pneumatic crushing and classifying machine (1). The interior of the ceramic lining part (4) is a cathode material crushing cavity. A crushing and collision component (5) is arranged in the ceramic lining part (4). All components in the crushing and collision component (5) are made of ceramic materials. A partition plate (8) is fixedly installed above the ceramic grading impeller (7) inside the pneumatic crushing and classifying machine (1). A circular discharge through hole (9) is opened at the center of the partition plate (8) corresponding to the top opening of the ceramic grading impeller (7). The connecting rotating shaft between the grading motor (6) and the ceramic grading impeller (7) passes through the circular discharge through hole (9). Secondary crushing and grinding mechanisms (10) are arranged on both sides of the connecting rotating shaft inside the ceramic grading impeller (7). A driving transmission component is arranged between the connecting rotating shaft and the two groups of secondary crushing and grinding mechanisms (10) in the ceramic grading impeller (7). Multiple inclined air outlet through holes (11) communicating with the gas equalizing and shunting ring (2) are opened at a position near the bottom in the ceramic lining part (4). The multiple air outlet through holes (11) are inclined in the same circumferential direction, and the multiple inclined air outlet through holes (11) are annularly and equidistantly distributed. A drainage groove (12) composed of multiple annular grooves is opened on the bottom inner wall of the ceramic lining part (4). The multiple annular grooves in the drainage groove (12) are concentric and the diameters are equidistantly enlarged. The crushing and collision component (5) includes a base ring (13), a first collision column (15), a drainage arc plate (18), and a second collision column (20). The base ring (13) has the same shape as the outermost annular groove in the drainage groove (12). Four groups of first collision columns (15) annularly and equidistantly distributed are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the bottom of the base ring (13). The bottom ends of the four first collision columns (15) at the bottom of the base ring (13) are slidably clamped in the outermost annular groove in the drainage groove (12). A limiting ring groove (17) is opened on the annular inner wall of the outermost annular groove in the drainage groove (12). A limiting clamping ring (16) adapted to the limiting ring groove (17) and clamped in the limiting ring groove (17) is fixedly arranged at the bottom ends of the four first collision columns (15). A through-flow ring (14) the same as the innermost annular groove in the drainage groove (12) is fixedly connected to the center of the base ring (13). Multiple second collision columns (20) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the through-flow ring (14). Two drainage arc plates (18) are fixedly installed on each of the four first collision columns (15). The secondary crushing and grinding mechanism (10) comprises a first grinding cylindrical hammer (22), a second grinding cylindrical hammer (23) and a driving gear (25); the inner walls of both sides of the partition plate (8) corresponding to the circular discharge through hole (9) are fixedly provided with integrated transverse base rods (21); the two groups of transverse base rods (21) are located on both sides of the connecting shaft and are symmetrical to each other; the two groups of transverse base rods (21) are rotatably mounted with two groups of rotating shaft base rods (24); the bottom ends of the two groups of rotating shaft base rods (24) on the transverse base rods (21) extend to the interior of the ceramic classification impeller (7) and are respectively fixedly connected with grinding cylindrical hammers (22); the two groups of rotating shaft base rods (24) are rotatably mounted on the ... two groups of rotating shaft base rods (24) on the transverse base rods (21) are respectively fixedly connected with grinding cylindrical hammers (22); the two groups of rotating shaft base rods (24) are rotatably mounted on the two groups of rotating shaft base rods (24); the two groups of rotating shaft base rods (24) on the transverse base rods (21) are respectively fixedly connected with grinding cylindrical hammers (22); the two groups of rotating shaft base rods (24) are rotatably mounted on the two groups of rotating shaft base rods (24); the two groups of rotating shaft base rods (24) on the transverse base rods (21) are respectively fixedly connected with grinding cylindrical hammers (22); the two groups of rotating shaft base rods (24) are A first grinding hammer (22) and a second grinding cylindrical hammer (23), and the first grinding cylindrical hammer (22) and the second grinding cylindrical hammer (23) are close to each other, the side outer wall of the first grinding cylindrical hammer (22) is provided with a plurality of groups of grinding protrusions (28) distributed in an annular manner and at equal intervals, the side outer wall of the second grinding cylindrical hammer (23) is provided with a plurality of groups of grinding arc grooves (27) distributed in an annular manner and at equal intervals and adapted to the grinding protrusions (28), and the grinding arc grooves (27) on the second grinding cylindrical hammer (23) are filled in the grinding protrusions (28) provided on the first grinding cylindrical hammer (22) and there is a gap; The driving transmission assembly comprises a driving gear (25), a driven gear (26), a double-groove pulley (29) and a driven pulley (30); the top ends of the rotating shaft base rods (24) on the two groups of transverse base rods (21) penetrate through the top ends of the transverse base rods (21); the top ends of the two groups of rotating shaft base rods (24) on each group of transverse base rods (21) are respectively fixedly connected with the driving gear (25) and the driven gear (26); the driving gear (25) and the driven gear (26) are flush meshed; the upper part of the connecting shaft corresponding to the ceramic grading impeller (7) is fixedly sleeved with the double-groove pulley (29); the top ends of the driving gears (25) on the two groups of transverse base rods (21) are fixedly installed with the driven pulley (30); the driving gears (25) on both sides of the connecting shaft are rotatably sleeved with belts between the double-groove pulleys (29).

2. A positive electrode material ceramic pulverizing and classifying machine according to claim 1, Features: The two groups of guide arc plates (18) on each group of collision column one (15) are symmetrically connected to the two sides of the collision column one (15), the outer walls of the two sides of the guide arc plates (18) are in an arc shape close to each other and concave, and the end side of the guide arc plate (18) away from the collision column one (15) is sharp.

3. A positive electrode material ceramic pulverizing and classifying machine according to claim 2, Features: The arc guide plate (18) is provided with a plurality of groups of regularly arranged vent holes (19).

4. A positive electrode material ceramic pulverizing and classifying machine according to claim 1, Features: The positions and number of the grinding protrusions (28) on the first grinding cylindrical hammer (22) correspond to and are the same as the positions and number of the grinding arc grooves (27) on the second grinding cylindrical hammer (23).

5. A positive electrode material ceramic pulverizing and classifying machine according to claim 1, Features: The bottom ends of the two groups of horizontal base rods (21) in the partition board (8) are downwardly convex arc surfaces, that is, the cross-section of the horizontal base rod (21) is semi-circular.

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