Lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of light weight liquid hydrogen conveying device and method, it is related to liquid hydrogen conveying technical field.The liquid hydrogen storage tank inner cavity of device is equipped with liquid hydrogen pump, top and gas cavity are communicated;Liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline is located in the top of liquid hydrogen pump and is communicated with the liquid hydrogen conveying pipeline equipped with liquid hydrogen vaporizer after vertically passing through gas cavity;Liquid hydrogen conveying pipeline located in the upstream of liquid hydrogen vaporizer is connected with the inlet of pressurized vaporizer by pressurized liquid hydrogen pipeline, and the outlet of pressurized vaporizer is communicated with one side of gas cavity by pressurized hydrogen pipeline equipped with second hydrogen regulating valve.The application uses liquid hydrogen pump to provide power for liquid hydrogen conveying, when stopping, using the gravity of liquid hydrogen itself carries out liquid seal in pipeline, and with the smaller volume normal temperature hydrogen gas stop valve, power equipment inlet pipeline is cut off;Low temperature gas cavity is used as heat buffer, and the vaporization of liquid hydrogen in liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline is slowed down, the sealing property of liquid seal is guaranteed, and liquid hydrogen pump is operated in liquid hydrogen environment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of liquid hydrogen delivery, in particular to a light-weight liquid hydrogen delivery device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to the advantages of high energy density and zero carbon green, hydrogen has become an ideal alternative energy in the field of transportation. In the field of transportation, heavy trucks, civil aviation aircraft, rail transportation, etc. using liquid hydrogen as fuel have become the focus of research and layout in various countries. Whether it is a hydrogen internal combustion engine or a hydrogen fuel cell or a hybrid power system combining the two as a power device, it cannot be separated from the liquid hydrogen delivery system providing fuel for the power device. However, due to the deep cryogenic characteristics of liquid hydrogen, its delivery pipeline, valves, etc. need to be strictly insulated and sealed, compared with the pipeline and valve components of the traditional fuel delivery system, not only is its system more complex, but also the volume and weight are greatly increased.

[0003] At the same time, the fixed ground system with liquid hydrogen delivery function is currently mainly used in the fields of space launch vehicle liquid hydrogen filling, liquid hydrogen filling station ground demonstration, etc. Because it does not need to take volume and weight as the main design constraint, from the perspective of system reliability and redundancy, it often uses a large number of liquid hydrogen stop valves, liquid hydrogen regulating valves and other low-temperature valves, resulting in a complex system, large volume and weight.

[0004] Therefore, if the design idea of simply copying the traditional fuel delivery system or the fixed liquid hydrogen delivery system on the ground is used, it will lead to an increase in the volume and weight of the liquid hydrogen delivery system, which is unacceptable in the transportation field which is sensitive to load and volume. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a light-weight liquid hydrogen delivery device and method, which uses a liquid hydrogen pump to provide power for liquid hydrogen delivery. When the machine is stopped, the liquid seal is performed in the pipeline using the gravity of the liquid hydrogen itself, and a small volume of normal temperature hydrogen stop valve is used to cut off the inlet pipeline of the power device, thereby avoiding the use of heavy liquid hydrogen low-temperature valves. A low-temperature gas cavity is used as a heat buffer to slow down the vaporization of liquid hydrogen in the outlet pipeline of the liquid hydrogen pump, ensuring the sealing of the liquid seal and ensuring the operation of the liquid hydrogen pump in the liquid hydrogen environment.

[0006] The present application is intended to achieve the purpose of the present application by using the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device, comprising a liquid hydrogen storage tank; the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank is in communication with the outside through a liquid hydrogen filling pipeline provided with a liquid hydrogen filling stop valve, the top of the inner cavity is in communication with a gas cavity, and a liquid hydrogen pump is arranged in the inner cavity; the liquid hydrogen pump inlet pipeline is located at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen pump and the inlet is immersed in the liquid hydrogen, and the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline is located at the top of the liquid hydrogen pump and is in communication with a liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline provided with a liquid hydrogen vaporizer after vertically penetrating through the gas cavity; the end of the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline is connected with a power device through a hydrogen delivery pipeline provided with a first hydrogen regulating valve and a hydrogen stop valve in sequence; the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline upstream of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer is connected with the inlet of a pressurized vaporizer through a pressurized liquid hydrogen pipeline, the outlet of the pressurized vaporizer is in communication with one side of the gas cavity through a pressurized hydrogen pipeline provided with a second hydrogen regulating valve, and the other side of the gas cavity is in communication with the outside through a vent pipeline provided with a vent check valve.

[0008] Preferably, the outlet end of the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.

[0009] Preferably, the outer wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the gas cavity is covered with a first heat insulation layer, and the outer part of the first heat insulation layer is fixed by a first shell.

[0010] Preferably, the outer wall of the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline, the pressurized liquid hydrogen pipeline and the part of the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline penetrating through the gas cavity outside is covered with a second heat insulation layer, and the outer part of the second heat insulation layer is fixed by a second shell.

[0011] Preferably, the liquid hydrogen pump is a submerged pump, which is entirely immersed in the liquid hydrogen during operation.

[0012] Preferably, the first hydrogen regulating valve, the second hydrogen regulating valve and the hydrogen stop valve are electric or pneumatic valves.

[0013] Preferably, the power device is a hydrogen internal combustion engine, a hydrogen fuel cell or a hybrid power system combining both.

[0014] Preferably, the pressurized vaporizer uses an electric heater with adjustable power as a heat source.

[0015] Preferably, the gas cavity is located outside the top of the liquid hydrogen storage tank.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present application provides a lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery method using the lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device of any one of the first aspect, and the method is as follows:

[0017] S1: When the lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device is in the initial state, liquid hydrogen enters the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank through the liquid hydrogen filling stop valve and the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline, so that the liquid hydrogen pump and the liquid hydrogen pump inlet pipeline inlet are immersed in the liquid hydrogen; during liquid hydrogen filling, the vent check valve is opened, and the hydrogen gas in the liquid hydrogen storage tank is output to the environment through the vent pipeline; at this time, the liquid hydrogen pump and the power equipment are not started, the first hydrogen gas regulating valve, the second hydrogen gas regulating valve and the hydrogen gas stop valve are all in the closed state, and the liquid hydrogen vaporizer and the pressurized vaporizer have no heat input; after the liquid hydrogen filling is completed, the liquid hydrogen filling stop valve and the hydrogen gas vent pipeline are closed;

[0018] S2: When the lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device is in the starting state, the pressure in the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank should meet the requirements of the liquid hydrogen pump inlet pressure, as follows:

[0019] The hydrogen gas regulating valve, the hydrogen gas stop valve, the liquid hydrogen vaporizer and the pressurized vaporizer are started in turn; the liquid hydrogen pump is started, liquid hydrogen is sucked into the liquid hydrogen pump through the liquid hydrogen pump inlet pipeline, and after being pressurized, it is delivered to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer through the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline and the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline in turn, the liquid hydrogen is vaporized into hydrogen gas through the liquid hydrogen vaporizer, the hydrogen gas is supplied to the power equipment through the hydrogen gas regulating valve and the hydrogen gas stop valve, and the power equipment starts to run; at the same time, the liquid hydrogen enters the pressurized vaporizer through the pressurized liquid hydrogen pipeline connected with the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline, and after being vaporized into hydrogen gas through the pressurized vaporizer, it is input into the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank from the gas cavity through the hydrogen gas regulating valve and the pressurized hydrogen pipeline, so as to pressurize the liquid hydrogen storage tank to ensure the liquid hydrogen pump inlet pressure requirements;

[0020] S3: When the lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device is in the working state, according to the different operating condition requirements of the power equipment, the liquid hydrogen pump is used to coarsely adjust the flow of delivered liquid hydrogen, and then the second hydrogen gas regulating valve is used to finely adjust the flow of liquid hydrogen delivered to the power equipment; at the same time, the liquid hydrogen vaporizer and the pressurized vaporizer will adjust the heat supply accordingly to ensure that the outlet hydrogen gas temperature of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer and the pressurized vaporizer remains unchanged;

[0021] S4: When the lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device is in the shutdown state, the liquid hydrogen pump stops running, and the power equipment, the hydrogen gas stop valve, the first hydrogen gas regulating valve, the second hydrogen gas regulating valve, the liquid hydrogen vaporizer and the pressurized vaporizer are closed in turn; the residual liquid in the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline seals the outlet of the liquid hydrogen pump under the action of gravity; the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline is kept in a low-temperature environment by relying on the liquid hydrogen in the low-temperature gas cavity and the liquid hydrogen storage tank, so as to slow down the evaporation of the residual liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline; at the same time, the hydrogen gas generated by the evaporation of the residual liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline will float to the top of the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline, so as to keep the liquid hydrogen pump in the liquid hydrogen environment for a long time, which is convenient for secondary start.

[0022] The present application has the following advantages: the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline is arranged parallel or approximately parallel to the direction of gravity, when the machine is stopped, the hydrogen gas supply to the power equipment is cut off by the hydrogen gas cut-off valve behind the vaporizer, and the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline is used for liquid sealing, thereby avoiding the complexity, volume and weight problems caused by using the liquid hydrogen temperature zone low temperature cut-off valve; the hydrogen supply flow is regulated by the liquid hydrogen delivery pump and the hydrogen regulating valve, thereby avoiding the complexity, volume and weight problems caused by using the liquid hydrogen temperature zone low temperature regulating valve for flow regulation; the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline passes through the low temperature gas cavity on the storage tank, the low temperature gas cavity is connected with the liquid hydrogen storage tank and the hydrogen booster pipeline, the low temperature hydrogen gas fills the gas cavity, thereby reducing the heat leakage of the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline, further reducing the heat transfer to the liquid hydrogen pump, and making the liquid hydrogen pump stay in the low temperature liquid hydrogen environment for a long time, thereby ensuring that the liquid hydrogen pump can be repeatedly started and stopped.

[0023] The concept, specific structure and technical effects of the present application will be further described below with reference to the drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of a light-weight liquid hydrogen delivery device.

[0025] In the figure: liquid hydrogen filling cut-off valve 1, liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 2, liquid hydrogen storage tank 3, liquid hydrogen 4, first heat insulation layer 5, first outer shell 6, venting pipeline 7, venting check valve 8, gas cavity 9, liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline 10, second heat insulation layer 11, second outer shell 12, liquid hydrogen vaporizer 13, hydrogen delivery pipeline 14, first hydrogen regulating valve 151, second hydrogen regulating valve 152, hydrogen cut-off valve 16, power equipment 17, booster liquid hydrogen pipeline 18, booster vaporizer 19, booster hydrogen pipeline 20, liquid hydrogen pump 21, liquid hydrogen pump inlet pipeline 22, liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the connotation of the present application, therefore the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below. The technical features in each embodiment of the present application can be combined accordingly without conflict.

[0027] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that when one element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected, that is, there is an intermediate element. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly" connected to another element, there is no intermediate element.

[0028] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that the terms "first", "second" are only used for the purpose of distinguishing description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0029] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that the terms "coarse adjustment", "fine adjustment" and the like are only used for the purpose of distinguishing the description of the relative adjustment degree, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the specific adjustment interval of the indicated technical features.

[0030] As shown in Figure 1 The present application provides a light-weight liquid hydrogen delivery device, which mainly comprises a liquid hydrogen pump 21, a liquid hydrogen pump inlet pipeline 22, a liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23, a liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline 10, a liquid hydrogen vaporizer 13, a hydrogen delivery pipeline 14, a first hydrogen regulating valve 151, a second hydrogen regulating valve 152, a hydrogen stop valve 16, a pressurized liquid hydrogen pipeline 18, a pressurized vaporizer 19, a pressurized hydrogen pipeline 20 and a power device 17.

[0031] The specific connection form and working principle of each component in the light-weight liquid hydrogen delivery device are described in detail below.

[0032] In the present application, a liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 2 is arranged on the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3, one end of the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 2 is located in the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3, and the other end is located outside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3. A liquid hydrogen filling stop valve 1 is arranged on the part of the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 2 located outside the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3. A gas cavity 9 is arranged in communication with the top of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3.

[0033] In actual use, the liquid hydrogen filling stop valve 1 and the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 2 are used to input liquid hydrogen into the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3. The liquid hydrogen filling stop valve 1 is opened during filling, and is in a normally closed state before and after filling.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the gas cavity 9 should be arranged outside the top of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3, and the gas cavity 9 is connected with the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3, as shown in Figure 1

[0035] ​In the present application, the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3 is provided with a liquid hydrogen pump 21. The inlet of the liquid hydrogen pump 21 is connected with a liquid hydrogen pump inlet pipeline 22, and the outlet is connected with a liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23. The liquid hydrogen pump inlet pipeline 22 is located at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen pump 21. In use, the inlet end of the liquid hydrogen pump inlet pipeline 22 should be immersed in the liquid hydrogen 4. For example, the outlet end of the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 2 can be arranged adjacent to the bottom of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3, so as to ensure that the liquid hydrogen pump can suck in liquid hydrogen during operation, and avoid cavitation of the liquid hydrogen pump, which can cause damage to the pump. The liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23 is located at the top of the liquid hydrogen pump 21 and the main part is located in the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3. The liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23 is vertically arranged and should pass through the gas cavity 9 and be communicated with the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline 10. The liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline 10 is provided with a liquid hydrogen vaporizer 13. That is, the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline passes through the middle of the gas cavity. The low-temperature hydrogen gas in the gas cavity can reduce the heat leakage of the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline. The liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline 10 is used to deliver the pumped liquid hydrogen to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 13, and the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 13 is used to warm and vaporize the liquid hydrogen into hydrogen gas.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23 should be placed parallel or approximately parallel to the direction of gravity for pumping liquid hydrogen. This arrangement can ensure that the residual liquid in the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23 can be effectively sealed after shutdown, and the liquid hydrogen delivery is cut off, avoiding the need for a liquid hydrogen cut-off valve to cut off in the traditional down-outlet mode. The liquid hydrogen pump 21 is a submerged pump placed inside the liquid hydrogen storage tank. The liquid hydrogen pump should be immersed in the liquid hydrogen during operation to avoid leakage and heat leakage of the liquid hydrogen pump.

[0037] In actual use, the power equipment has different requirements for the amount of hydrogen under different working conditions. Therefore, the liquid hydrogen pump 21 is arranged to pump the liquid hydrogen flow, and the second hydrogen regulating valve 152 is arranged to directly regulate the hydrogen flow. With the change of hydrogen flow, the heat required for heat exchange should also change accordingly. Therefore, the heat exchange capacity of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 13 is adjusted to adjust the temperature of the hydrogen gas output after the vaporizer.

[0038] In the present application, the end of the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline 10 is connected with the power equipment 17 through the hydrogen delivery pipeline 14 provided with the first hydrogen regulating valve 151 and the hydrogen cut-off valve 16 in sequence, for providing hydrogen to the power equipment. The liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline 10 upstream of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 13 is provided with a branch, that is, the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline 10 is connected with the inlet of the pressurized vaporizer 19 through the pressurized liquid hydrogen pipeline 18, and the outlet of the pressurized vaporizer 19 is communicated with one side of the gas cavity 9 through the pressurized hydrogen pipeline 20. The pressurized hydrogen pipeline 20 is provided with the second hydrogen regulating valve 152, for delivering high-pressure hydrogen to the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3, to ensure the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3, and further ensure the inlet pressure of the liquid hydrogen pump. The other side of the gas cavity 9 is communicated with the outside through the vent pipeline 7, and the vent pipeline 7 is provided with a vent check valve 8.

[0039] In actual use, the venting pipeline 7 and the venting check valve 8 are connected with the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3 through the air cavity 9, and are used for outputting hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3 to the external environment. In filling, the venting check valve 8 is opened to output hydrogen in the storage tank and balance the pressure in the storage tank.

[0040] In actual use, according to different conditions such as the working condition of the power equipment and the heat leakage of the external environment, the flow of the pressurized hydrogen delivered to the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3 should be changed in real time, and therefore the second hydrogen regulating valve 152 is arranged to regulate the flow of the pressurized hydrogen entering the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3. When the flow of the pressurized hydrogen is changed, the heat required for heat exchange should be changed accordingly, and the hydrogen entering the storage tank 3 should have a low temperature to avoid inputting too much heat into the storage tank 3 to cause a large amount of evaporation of the liquid hydrogen in the storage tank 3 and reduce the use amount of the liquid hydrogen, and therefore the heat exchange capacity of the pressurized vaporizer 19 can be adjusted to regulate the temperature of the hydrogen output from the pressurized vaporizer.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline, the pressurized liquid hydrogen pipeline and the like can adopt vacuum insulation or stacked insulation, for example, the outer wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3 and the air cavity 9 can be covered with the first insulation layer 5, and the first insulation layer 5 is fixed outside by the first outer shell 6; the outer wall of the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline 10, the pressurized liquid hydrogen pipeline 18 and the part of the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23 passing through the air cavity 9 and located outside can be covered with the second insulation layer 11, and the second insulation layer 11 is fixed outside by the second outer shell 12. In this arrangement, the first insulation layer 5 and the second insulation layer 11 are respectively used to reduce the heat leakage of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3 and the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline 10 and the pressurized liquid hydrogen pipeline 18; and the first outer shell 6 and the second outer shell 12 are respectively used to protect the first insulation layer 5 and the second insulation layer 11 from being damaged.

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the first hydrogen regulating valve 151, the second hydrogen regulating valve 152 and the hydrogen cut-off valve 16 can adopt electric valves or pneumatic valves, and the opening degree of the valves can be controlled by a control system. The power equipment 17 can adopt a hydrogen internal combustion engine, a hydrogen fuel cell or a hybrid power system combining the two. The pressurized vaporizer adopts an electric heater with adjustable power as a heat source to control the temperature of the hydrogen after the vaporizer to be less than the saturated steam temperature under the current pressure plus 5K.

[0043] In the light-weight liquid hydrogen delivery device, in order to ensure that the hydrogen supply can be cut off when the device is stopped and the liquid hydrogen pump can be repeatedly started and stopped, a liquid seal structure and an air cavity structure without a liquid hydrogen cut-off valve are designed to realize the cutting off of the liquid hydrogen supply and to ensure that the liquid hydrogen pump is in a low-temperature liquid hydrogen environment.

[0044] In one aspect, the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23 is arranged in an upper liquid outlet form, the pipeline is parallel to the direction of gravity, and residual liquid in the pipeline can be effectively sealed after shutdown to cut off the liquid hydrogen delivery and avoid the need for a liquid hydrogen cut-off valve to cut off in the traditional lower liquid outlet mode. Meanwhile, a hydrogen cut-off valve 16 is used to ensure complete cutting off before the power equipment 17 to avoid damage to the power equipment.

[0045] On the other hand, during the operation and shutdown of the device, thermal stratification occurs in the liquid hydrogen storage tank, resulting in greater heat leakage at the top of the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline, which easily causes the liquid hydrogen in the pipeline to evaporate and transfer heat to the liquid hydrogen pump, causing the liquid hydrogen to evaporate, cavitation, and damage to the liquid hydrogen pump. Therefore, in the present application, the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23 passes through the air chamber 9, and the air chamber 9 is connected to the pressurized hydrogen pipeline 20 to allow low-temperature hydrogen to enter the air chamber, thereby reducing the hydrogen temperature around the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23 and reducing heat leakage.

[0046] In addition, when the power equipment 17 needs to adjust the hydrogen delivery flow rate under different operating conditions, the liquid hydrogen pump 21 is used to adjust the liquid hydrogen flow rate and the first hydrogen regulating valve 151 is used to adjust the hydrogen flow rate, which reduces the coarse adjustment of the pumped liquid hydrogen flow rate, and then fine adjustment is performed by adjusting the opening of the first hydrogen regulating valve 151 to ensure the accuracy of the flow rate adjustment and further ensure the stable operation of the power equipment 17.

[0047] Based on the above-mentioned lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device, the present application also provides a lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery method which sets four different operating modes according to different operating conditions of the power equipment. Among them, operating mode one is used before the power equipment is started, operating mode two is used when the power equipment is started, operating mode three is used when the power equipment is normally operated and needs to be adjusted, and operating mode four is used when the power equipment is shut down. The method and the four operating modes are as follows:

[0048] S1 (operating mode one): when the lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device is in the initial state, the liquid hydrogen storage tank is filled with liquid hydrogen, the liquid hydrogen pump is immersed in the liquid hydrogen, and the liquid hydrogen pump is not started; the hydrogen regulating valve and the hydrogen cut-off valve are both in the closed state; the liquid hydrogen vaporizer and the pressurized vaporizer are not started, and the power equipment is not started. The specific process is as follows:

[0049] The liquid hydrogen 4 enters the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3 through the liquid hydrogen filling cut-off valve 1 and the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline 2, so that the liquid hydrogen pump 21 and the liquid hydrogen pump inlet pipeline 22 inlet are immersed in the liquid hydrogen 4. When the liquid hydrogen 4 is filled, the vent check valve 8 is opened, and the hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3 is output to the environment through the vent pipeline 7. At this time, the liquid hydrogen pump 21 and the power equipment 17 are not started, the first hydrogen regulating valve 151, the second hydrogen regulating valve 152, and the hydrogen cut-off valve 16 are all in the closed state, and the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 13 and the pressurized vaporizer 19 have no heat input. After the liquid hydrogen 4 is filled, the liquid hydrogen filling cut-off valve 1 and the hydrogen vent pipeline 7 are closed.

[0050] S2 (running mode two): when the lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device in the state of starting, the pressure in the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3 should meet the requirement of the inlet pressure of the liquid hydrogen pump 21, which is as follows:

[0051] The hydrogen regulating valve 15, the hydrogen stop valve 16, the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 13 and the booster vaporizer 19 are started in turn. The liquid hydrogen pump 21 is started, and the liquid hydrogen 4 is sucked into the liquid hydrogen pump 21 through the liquid hydrogen pump inlet pipeline 22, and then delivered to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 13 through the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23 and the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline 10 in turn after being pressurized. The liquid hydrogen 4 is vaporized into hydrogen gas through the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 13, and the hydrogen gas is supplied to the power equipment 17 through the hydrogen regulating valve 151 and the hydrogen stop valve 16, and the power equipment 17 starts to run. At the same time, the liquid hydrogen 4 enters the booster vaporizer 19 through the booster liquid hydrogen pipeline 18 connected with the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline 10, and is vaporized into hydrogen gas through the booster vaporizer 19, and then is input into the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3 from the gas cavity 9 through the hydrogen regulating valve 152 and the booster hydrogen pipeline 20, so as to pressurize the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3 to ensure the inlet pressure requirement of the liquid hydrogen pump 21.

[0052] S3 (running mode three): when the lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device is in the working state, the liquid hydrogen pump can adjust the delivery liquid hydrogen flow according to the different running conditions of the power equipment, and at the same time, the liquid hydrogen vaporizer and the booster vaporizer will adjust the heat supply accordingly to ensure that the outlet hydrogen temperature of the vaporizer remains unchanged; the hydrogen regulating valve will adjust the hydrogen flow supplied to the power equipment and the hydrogen flow used for pressurization.

[0053] That is, according to the different running conditions of the power equipment 17, the flow of the delivered liquid hydrogen 4 is coarsely adjusted through the liquid hydrogen pump 21, and then the flow of the liquid hydrogen 4 delivered to the power equipment 17 is finely adjusted through the second hydrogen regulating valve 152. At the same time, the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 13 and the booster vaporizer 19 will adjust the heat supply accordingly to ensure that the outlet hydrogen temperature of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 13 and the booster vaporizer 19 remains unchanged.

[0054] S4 (running mode four): when the lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device is in the shutdown state, the liquid hydrogen pump 21 stops running, and the power equipment 17, the hydrogen stop valve 16, the first hydrogen regulating valve 151, the second hydrogen regulating valve 152, the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 13 and the booster vaporizer 19 are closed in turn. The residual liquid in the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23 seals the outlet of the liquid hydrogen pump 21 under the action of gravity. The liquid hydrogen 4 in the low-temperature gas cavity 9 and the liquid hydrogen storage tank 3 maintains the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23 in a low-temperature environment, slowing down the evaporation of the residual liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23. At the same time, the hydrogen gas generated by the evaporation of the residual liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23 will float to the top of the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline 23, so as to ensure that the liquid hydrogen pump 21 is still in the liquid hydrogen 4 environment for a long time, facilitating the secondary start.

[0055] That is, when the system is stopped, the liquid hydrogen pump 21 is closed, the first hydrogen regulating valve 151 and the hydrogen cut-off valve 16 are closed, the liquid hydrogen vaporizer 13 and the booster vaporizer 19 have no heat source input, and the power device 17 is closed; at this time, the sealing of the liquid hydrogen pump 21 is completed by relying on the residual liquid hydrogen in the outlet pipeline 23 of the liquid hydrogen pump, and the liquid hydrogen pump 21 is always in a liquid hydrogen environment so as to be started again. When the system needs to be started again, the second operation mode is performed to complete the starting again, and the third operation mode is performed to complete the working condition adjustment.

[0056] The above-described embodiment is only a preferred scheme of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, any technical scheme obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device, characterized by, The light-weight liquid hydrogen delivery device comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank (3); the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (3) is communicated with the outside through a liquid hydrogen filling pipeline (2) provided with a liquid hydrogen filling stop valve (1), the top of the inner cavity is communicated with a gas cavity (9), and a liquid hydrogen pump (21) is arranged in the inner cavity; a liquid hydrogen pump inlet pipeline (22) is arranged at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen pump (21) and the inlet is immersed in liquid hydrogen (4), and a liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline (23) is arranged at the top of the liquid hydrogen pump (21) and is communicated with a liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline (10) provided with a liquid hydrogen vaporizer (13) after vertically penetrating through the gas cavity (9); the end of the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline (10) is connected with a power device (17) through a hydrogen delivery pipeline (14) provided with a first hydrogen regulating valve (151) and a hydrogen stop valve (16) in sequence; the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline (10) upstream of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer (13) is connected with the inlet of a pressurized vaporizer (19) through a pressurized liquid hydrogen pipeline (18), the outlet of the pressurized vaporizer (19) is communicated with one side of the gas cavity (9) through a pressurized hydrogen pipeline (20) provided with a second hydrogen regulating valve (152), and the other side of the gas cavity (9) is communicated with the outside through a vent pipeline (7) provided with a vent check valve (8).

2. The lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device of claim 1, wherein, The outlet end of the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline (2) is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (3).

3. The lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device of claim 1, wherein, The outer wall of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (3) and the gas cavity (9) is covered with a first heat insulation layer (5), and the outside of the first heat insulation layer (5) is fixed through a first outer shell (6).

4. The lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device of claim 1, wherein, The outer wall of the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline (10), the pressurized liquid hydrogen pipeline (18) and the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline (23) penetrating through the gas cavity (9) is covered with a second heat insulation layer (11), and the outside of the second heat insulation layer (11) is fixed through a second outer shell (12).

5. The lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device of claim 1, wherein, The liquid hydrogen pump (21) is a submerged pump, and the whole is immersed in the liquid hydrogen (4) during working.

6. The lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device of claim 1, wherein, The first hydrogen regulating valve (151), the second hydrogen regulating valve (152) and the hydrogen stop valve (16) are electric or pneumatic valves.

7. The lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device of claim 1, wherein, The power device (17) is a hydrogen internal combustion engine, a hydrogen fuel cell or a hybrid power system combining the two.

8. The lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device of claim 1, wherein, The pressurized vaporizer (19) uses an electric heater with adjustable power as a heat source.

9. The lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device of claim 1, wherein, The gas cavity (9) is located outside the top of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (3).

10. A method for transporting liquid hydrogen using the lightweight liquid hydrogen transport apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by, Specifically as follows: S1: when the light-weight liquid hydrogen delivery device is in the initial state, the liquid hydrogen (4) enters the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (3) through the liquid hydrogen filling stop valve (1) and the liquid hydrogen filling pipeline (2), so that the liquid hydrogen pump (21) and the liquid hydrogen pump inlet pipeline (22) inlet are immersed in the liquid hydrogen (4); when the liquid hydrogen (4) is filled, the vent check valve (8) is opened, and the hydrogen gas in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (3) is output to the environment through the vent pipeline (7); at this time, the liquid hydrogen pump (21) and the power device (17) are not started, the first hydrogen regulating valve (151), the second hydrogen regulating valve (152) and the hydrogen stop valve (16) are all in the closed state, and the liquid hydrogen vaporizer (13) and the pressurized vaporizer (19) have no heat input; after the liquid hydrogen (4) is filled, the liquid hydrogen filling stop valve (1) and the hydrogen vent pipeline (7) are closed; S2: When the lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device is in the starting state, the pressure in the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (3) should meet the inlet pressure requirement of the liquid hydrogen pump (21), which is as follows: The hydrogen regulating valve (15), hydrogen stop valve (16), liquid hydrogen vaporizer (13) and booster vaporizer (19) are started in turn; the liquid hydrogen pump (21) is started, and the liquid hydrogen (4) is sucked into the liquid hydrogen pump (21) through the liquid hydrogen pump inlet pipeline (22), and then delivered to the liquid hydrogen vaporizer (13) through the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline (23) and the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline (10) in turn after being pressurized. The liquid hydrogen (4) is vaporized into hydrogen gas through the liquid hydrogen vaporizer (13), and the hydrogen gas is supplied to the power equipment (17) through the hydrogen regulating valve (15) and the hydrogen stop valve (16), and the power equipment (17) starts to run; at the same time, the liquid hydrogen (4) enters the booster vaporizer (19) through the booster liquid hydrogen pipeline (18) connected with the liquid hydrogen delivery pipeline (10), and is vaporized into hydrogen gas through the booster vaporizer (19), and then is input into the inner cavity of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (3) through the hydrogen regulating valve (15) and the booster hydrogen pipeline (20) from the gas cavity (9), so as to pressurize the liquid hydrogen storage tank (3) to ensure the inlet pressure requirement of the liquid hydrogen pump (21); S3: When the lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device is in the working state, according to the different operating condition requirements of the power equipment (17), the flow of the delivered liquid hydrogen (4) is coarsely adjusted through the liquid hydrogen pump (21), and then the flow of the liquid hydrogen (4) delivered to the power equipment (17) is finely adjusted through the second hydrogen regulating valve (152); at the same time, the liquid hydrogen vaporizer (13) and the booster vaporizer (19) will adjust the heat supply accordingly to ensure that the outlet hydrogen temperature of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer (13) and the booster vaporizer (19) remains unchanged; S4: When the lightweight liquid hydrogen delivery device is in the shutdown state, the liquid hydrogen pump (21) stops running, and the power equipment (17), hydrogen stop valve (16), first hydrogen regulating valve (151), second hydrogen regulating valve (152), liquid hydrogen vaporizer (13) and booster vaporizer (19) are closed in turn; the residual liquid in the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline (23) seals the outlet of the liquid hydrogen pump (21) under the action of gravity; the liquid hydrogen (4) in the low-temperature gas cavity (9) and the liquid hydrogen storage tank (3) keeps the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline (23) in a low-temperature environment, slowing down the evaporation of the residual liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline (23); at the same time, the hydrogen gas generated by the evaporation of the residual liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline (23) will float to the top of the liquid hydrogen pump outlet pipeline (23), so as to keep the liquid hydrogen pump (21) in the liquid hydrogen (4) environment for a long time, facilitating the secondary start.

Images