Composite hydrogen supply system and hydrogen using equipment
By combining methanol reforming with high-pressure gaseous hydrogen or solid-state hydrogen storage, the problem of slow cold start-up of methanol reforming hydrogen production has been solved, the hydrogen storage density has been increased, and rapid start-up and efficient hydrogen supply have been achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202423046305.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-10
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-12
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-12-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing methanol reforming hydrogen production technology has a slow cold start and requires a large amount of water, resulting in a decrease in hydrogen storage density.
A composite hydrogen supply system is adopted, combining methanol reforming with high-pressure gaseous hydrogen or solid-state hydrogen storage. During the cold start phase, hydrogen is supplied by a hydrogen storage device, and water generated by the fuel cell is recovered to reduce water storage requirements. After the methanol reforming reaction is completed, the cycle is maintained by generating electricity through the fuel cell.
This solved the problem of slow cold start and improved the hydrogen storage density of the entire system.
Smart Images
Figure CN223665475U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of energy technology, in particular to a kind of composite hydrogen supply system and hydrogen equipment. BACKGROUND
[0002] Hydrogen energy is a kind of new energy with higher current research popularity, with the advantages of high combustion heat value, pollution-free combustion product, various and relatively easy to obtain, etc., and is a relatively ideal clean energy.However, hydrogen is gaseous at room temperature, and has the characteristics of flammability and explosiveness, which makes hydrogen storage and transportation face many difficulties, and for this reason, hydrogen has not been widely used so far.Based on this, many on-site hydrogen production technologies have emerged, among which reforming hydrogen production technology has attracted much attention in recent research.Reforming hydrogen production technology is diverse, and the raw materials used are also different.At present, the most widely studied reforming hydrogen production raw material is methanol, which has the advantages of easy preparation, easy transportation, low toxicity and harmless product to the environment, and meets the current mainstream demand.The principle of methanol reforming hydrogen production technology is that methanol and steam are reacted under certain temperature and pressure conditions through the action of a catalyst to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and the reaction equations are as follows:
[0003] CHOH→CO+2H2(1)
[0004] HO+CO→CO+H2(2)
[0005] CHOH+HO→CO2+3H2(3)
[0006] The hydrogen and carbon monoxide generated by the reaction are separated by palladium membrane separation to obtain high-purity hydrogen.The palladium membrane separation requires a high temperature of 300-400°C, and the reaction temperature required by the catalyst is also 200-300°C, so the entire reaction system needs to be heated by burning methanol or electric heating before the reaction, which takes more than 30 minutes, cannot be produced and used immediately, and reduces its application value;At the same time, methanol reforming hydrogen production reaction needs to carry a certain amount of water to maintain the reaction, and the storage of this part of water reduces the hydrogen storage density of the whole system. INVENTION CONTENTS
[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a composite hydrogen supply system.The composite hydrogen supply system of the utility model can solve the problem of slow cold start of methanol reforming hydrogen production in the prior art, and improve the hydrogen storage density of the whole system.
[0008] An embodiment of the present application provides a composite hydrogen supply system.
[0009] A composite hydrogen supply system, comprising a methanol storage, a water storage, a mixing device, a reaction chamber, a catalytic combustor and a hydrogen storage device, the methanol storage and the water storage are connected to the mixing device in parallel, the mixing device is connected to the reaction chamber, the reaction chamber is used for connecting a hydrogen-consuming device, the reaction chamber is used for carrying out a reforming reaction or an organic liquid hydrogen storage and release reaction, the catalytic combustor is connected to the reaction chamber for maintaining a required temperature of the reaction chamber, the hydrogen storage device is used for connecting the hydrogen-consuming device for providing hydrogen to the hydrogen-consuming device in a cold start phase of the system, and the water storage is also used for connecting the hydrogen-consuming device for collecting water generated from the hydrogen-consuming device.
[0010] In some embodiments, the composite hydrogen supply system further comprises a purification device connected to a pipeline between the reaction chamber and the hydrogen-consuming device, and the purification device is used for purifying hydrogen generated from the reaction chamber.
[0011] In some embodiments, the purification device comprises a palladium membrane purifier, and the catalytic combustor is also connected to the palladium membrane purifier for maintaining a required temperature of the palladium membrane purifier.
[0012] In some embodiments, the purification device comprises a PSA purifier.
[0013] In some embodiments, the mixing device comprises a mixing pipeline, a mixer and a mixing pump, the methanol storage and the water storage are respectively connected to the mixer through the mixing pipeline, the mixer is connected to the reaction chamber, and the mixing pump is arranged on the mixing pipeline.
[0014] In some embodiments, the mixing device comprises a mixing tank, the mixer is connected to the mixing tank, and the mixing tank is connected to the reaction chamber.
[0015] In some embodiments, a driving pump for feeding is arranged on a pipeline between the mixing tank and the reaction chamber.
[0016] In some embodiments, the composite hydrogen supply system further comprises a monitoring system connected to the reaction chamber, and the monitoring system is used for monitoring a parameter value in the reaction chamber.
[0017] In some embodiments, the monitoring system at least comprises a temperature sensor for monitoring a temperature value in the reaction chamber and a pressure sensor for monitoring a pressure value in the reaction chamber.
[0018] An embodiment of the present application further provides a hydrogen-consuming device.
[0019] A hydrogen using device, comprising the composite hydrogen supply system, a reaction chamber of the composite hydrogen supply system is connected with the hydrogen using device, and a water storage of the composite hydrogen supply system is connected with the hydrogen using device for collecting water generated from the hydrogen using device.
[0020] In some embodiments, the hydrogen using device comprises a PEM fuel cell, a solid oxide fuel cell, a hydrogen internal combustion engine, a hydrogen catalytic combustion device, a hydrogen reduction furnace and a hydrogen-oxygen carbon removal machine.
[0021] The composite hydrogen supply system uses methanol reforming combined with high-pressure gaseous hydrogen or solid-state hydrogen storage to supply hydrogen, in the cold start stage of the methanol reforming reaction, the methanol reforming reaction has not started, no hydrogen or less hydrogen is generated, but it is insufficient to support the reaction of the hydrogen using device such as a fuel cell, therefore, the pure hydrogen stored by the hydrogen storage device is used to supply the hydrogen using device such as a fuel cell to generate power, and the water generated by the power generation of the fuel cell is recycled to be used as water for the reaction of the methanol reforming reaction, thereby reducing or decreasing the storage space occupied by the water required by the reaction, after the cold start of the methanol reforming reaction is completed, the hydrogen generated by the methanol reforming reaction is used to generate power by the hydrogen using device such as a fuel cell, and the water generated by the power generation can be maintained in a cycle. Therefore, the composite hydrogen supply system can solve the problem of slow cold start of methanol reforming hydrogen in the prior art, and improve the hydrogen storage density of the whole system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.
[0023] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals represent the same parts.
[0024] Figure 1 The composite hydrogen supply system schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application;
[0025] Figure 2 The composite hydrogen supply system schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present application.
[0026] Explanation of reference numerals
[0027] 10, composite hydrogen supply system; 100, methanol storage; 200, water storage; 300, mixing device; 310, mixing pipeline; 320, mixer; 330, mixing pump; 340, mixing tank; 400, reaction chamber; 500, catalytic combustor; 600, hydrogen storage device; 710, palladium membrane purifier; 720, PSA purifier; 700, driving pump; 800, monitoring system; 20, hydrogen equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] In order to make the above objectives, characteristics and advantages of the present application more apparent, concrete embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other different ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and therefore the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0029] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.
[0030] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or it can be integrated; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0031] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0032] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. The use of "first" and "second" in the description is merely for distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.
[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0034] In this document, "optionally," "optionally," and "optional" mean that something is optional, that is, it is selected from either "with" or "without." If multiple "options" appear in a technical solution, unless otherwise specified and there are no contradictions or mutual constraints, each "option" is independent. In this application, descriptions such as "optionally contains" and "optionally includes" indicate "contains or does not contain."
[0035] This application provides a composite hydrogen supply system 10 to address the problems in existing methanol reforming hydrogen production technology. These problems include the need for specific temperatures during the reforming reaction and the separation of hydrogen and carbon monoxide through a palladium membrane, with heating times exceeding 30 minutes, preventing immediate use and reducing the system's application value. Additionally, the application addresses the issue that the methanol reforming hydrogen production reaction requires a certain amount of water to sustain the reaction, reducing the overall system's hydrogen storage density. The composite hydrogen supply system 10 will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0036] The composite hydrogen supply system 10 provided in this application embodiment is exemplary; please refer to [link to example]. Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1A schematic diagram of a composite hydrogen supply system 10 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. The composite hydrogen supply system 10 according to the present application can be used for composite hydrogen supply purposes.
[0037] To more clearly illustrate the structure of the composite hydrogen supply system 10, the composite hydrogen supply system 10 will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0038] For example, as shown in Figure 1 For example, as shown in
[0039] In some embodiments, the composite hydrogen supply system 10 further comprises a purifying device. The purifying device is connected to the pipeline between the reaction chamber 400 and the hydrogen-consuming device 20, and the purifying device is used to purify the hydrogen gas generated from the reaction chamber 400.
[0040] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1As shown, the purification device includes a palladium membrane purifier 710. The catalytic combustor 500 is also connected to the palladium membrane purifier 710 for maintaining the required temperature of the palladium membrane purifier 710. The palladium membrane purifier 710 is a specialized device for purifying hydrogen gas, utilizing the selective permeation properties of palladium membranes to achieve high-purity hydrogen production. Palladium membranes have a unique permeation ability for hydrogen gas, but not for other gases, because hydrogen molecules and atoms are small enough to diffuse through the palladium membrane, while larger molecules or atoms cannot pass through. The working principle of the palladium membrane purifier 710: when a mixed gas containing hydrogen gas contacts the palladium membrane heated to a certain temperature (usually 300-500°C), hydrogen molecules will decompose into hydrogen atoms on the surface of the palladium membrane and pass through the palladium membrane. These hydrogen atoms then recombine into hydrogen molecules on the other side of the palladium membrane, thereby achieving the separation of hydrogen gas from other gases. This process can be continuous, providing a continuous flow of high-purity hydrogen gas. The main features of the palladium membrane purifier 710: (1) high purity: the palladium membrane purifier 710 can increase the purity of hydrogen gas to more than 99.99999%, suitable for occasions requiring extremely high purity hydrogen gas. (2) continuous operation: designed to support long-term continuous operation, suitable for industrial applications. (3) automatic control: modern palladium membrane purifiers 710 usually come with automatic control systems to ensure stable working conditions and hydrogen output.
[0041] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2The purified device includes a PSA purifier 720. The PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption) purifier is a technology widely used in gas separation and purification, especially in the production of industrial gases such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, etc. The basic principle of PSA technology is to use the difference in adsorption performance of different gas molecules on the adsorbent to realize the separation and purification of gas under different pressure conditions. The working principle of the PSA purifier 720 is that the core of the PSA purifier 720 is to use specific adsorbent materials (such as molecular sieve, activated carbon, etc.), which have strong adsorption capacity for some gas molecules. The purification process of the PSA purifier 720 is divided into four main steps: (1) adsorption: under high pressure, the raw gas passes through the adsorption bed, and the impurity gas is adsorbed by the adsorbent, and the target gas (such as hydrogen) is collected through the adsorption bed. (2) Pressure reduction: when the adsorption bed reaches saturation, the pressure in the system is reduced, so that the adsorbed impurity gas is desorbed from the adsorbent. (3) Purging: In order to improve the regeneration efficiency, sometimes a small amount of pure gas is used to backflush the adsorption bed to help further remove residual impurity gas. (4) Re-pressurization: After desorption is completed, the pressure of the adsorption bed is increased again to prepare for the next adsorption process. The main features of the PSA purifier 720 are: (1) High-efficiency separation: can realize high-efficiency gas separation at room temperature, suitable for purification of various gases. (2) Flexible operation: can adjust the operating parameters (such as pressure, temperature, etc.) to adapt to different gas compositions and purification requirements. (3) High degree of automation: Modern PSA purifiers 720 are usually equipped with advanced automatic control systems and can realize unattended operation. Maintenance is simple: compared with other gas separation technologies, the maintenance of PSA system is relatively simple, and the operation cost is lower.
[0042] In some embodiments, the mixing device 300 includes a mixing pipeline 310, a mixer 320, and a mixing pump 330. The methanol storage 100 and the water storage 200 are respectively connected to the mixer 320 through the mixing pipeline 310, and the mixer 320 is connected to the reaction chamber 400. The mixing pipeline 310 is provided with the mixing pump 330.
[0043] In some embodiments, the mixing device 300 includes a mixing tank 340. The mixer 320 is connected to the mixing tank 340, and the mixing tank 340 is connected to the reaction chamber 400.
[0044] In some embodiments, a driving pump 700 for feeding is arranged on the pipeline between the mixing tank 340 and the reaction chamber 400.
[0045] In some embodiments, a driving pump 700 for backflow is also arranged on the pipeline between the hydrogen equipment 20 and the water storage 200.
[0046] In some embodiments, the composite hydrogen supply system 10 further comprises a monitoring system 800. The monitoring system 800 is connected to the reaction chamber 400, and the monitoring system 800 is used to monitor the parameter values in the reaction chamber 400.
[0047] In some embodiments, the monitoring system 800 at least comprises a temperature sensor for monitoring the temperature value in the reaction chamber 400, a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure value in the reaction chamber 400.
[0048] An embodiment of the present application also provides a hydrogen equipment 20.
[0049] A hydrogen equipment 20 comprises the above-mentioned composite hydrogen supply system 10, the reaction chamber 400 of the composite hydrogen supply system 10 is connected to the hydrogen equipment 20, and the water storage 200 of the composite hydrogen supply system 10 is connected to the hydrogen equipment 20 for collecting water generated from the hydrogen equipment 20.
[0050] In some embodiments, the hydrogen equipment 20 comprises a PEM fuel cell, a solid oxide fuel cell, a hydrogen internal combustion engine, a hydrogen catalytic combustion device, a hydrogen reduction furnace, and a hydrogen-oxygen carbon removal machine.
[0051] In summary, the above-mentioned composite hydrogen supply system 10 uses methanol reforming combined with high-pressure gaseous hydrogen or solid-state hydrogen storage to supply hydrogen. In the cold start stage of the methanol reforming reaction, the methanol reforming reaction has not started, no hydrogen or less hydrogen is generated, but it is not enough to support the reaction of the hydrogen equipment 20 such as a fuel cell. Therefore, pure hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device 600 is used to supply the hydrogen equipment 20 such as a fuel cell to generate electricity, and the water generated by the electricity generation of the fuel cell is recycled to be used as water for the reaction of the methanol reforming reaction, thereby reducing or decreasing the storage space required for the reaction. After the cold start of the methanol reforming reaction is completed, the hydrogen generated by the methanol reforming reaction is used to generate electricity by the hydrogen equipment 20 such as a fuel cell, and the water generated by the electricity generation can be circulated. Therefore, the composite hydrogen supply system 10 of the present application can solve the problem of slow cold start of methanol reforming hydrogen in the prior art, and improve the hydrogen storage density of the whole system.
[0052] In the above-mentioned embodiments, the description of each embodiment focuses on different aspects, and the parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the related description of other embodiments.
[0053] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described, but as long as the combinations of the technical features do not exist contradictory, they should be considered as the scope of the present application.
[0054] The above embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the patent scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application patent should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims
1. A composite hydrogen supply system, characterized by comprising: The composite hydrogen supply system comprises a methanol storage, a water storage, a mixing device, a reaction chamber, a catalytic combustor and a hydrogen storage device, the methanol storage and the water storage are connected to the mixing device in parallel, the mixing device is connected to the reaction chamber, the reaction chamber is used for connecting a hydrogen-consuming device, the reaction chamber is used for carrying out a reforming reaction or an organic liquid hydrogen storage and hydrogen release reaction, the catalytic combustor is connected to the reaction chamber for maintaining a required temperature of the reaction chamber, the hydrogen storage device is used for connecting the hydrogen-consuming device for providing hydrogen to the hydrogen-consuming device in a cold start stage of the system, and the water storage is also used for connecting the hydrogen-consuming device for collecting water generated from the hydrogen-consuming device.
2. The complex hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, wherein The composite hydrogen supply system further comprises a purification device connected to a pipeline between the reaction chamber and the hydrogen-consuming device, and the purification device is used for purifying hydrogen generated from the reaction chamber.
3. The complex hydrogen supply system according to claim 2, wherein The purification device comprises a palladium membrane purifier, and the catalytic combustor is also connected to the palladium membrane purifier for maintaining a required temperature of the palladium membrane purifier.
4. The complex hydrogen supply system according to claim 2, wherein The purification device comprises a PSA purifier.
5. The complex hydrogen supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The mixing device comprises a mixing pipeline, a mixer and a mixing pump, the methanol storage and the water storage are respectively connected to the mixer through the mixing pipeline, the mixer is connected to the reaction chamber, and the mixing pump is arranged on the mixing pipeline.
6. The complex hydrogen supply system according to claim 5, wherein The mixing device comprises a mixing tank, the mixer is connected to the mixing tank, and the mixing tank is connected to the reaction chamber.
7. The complex hydrogen supply system according to claim 6, wherein A driving pump for feeding is arranged on a pipeline between the mixing tank and the reaction chamber.
8. The complex hydrogen supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, 6 to 7, wherein The composite hydrogen supply system further comprises a monitoring system connected to the reaction chamber, and the monitoring system is used for monitoring a parameter value in the reaction chamber.
9. The complex hydrogen supply system according to claim 8, wherein The monitoring system at least comprises a temperature sensor for monitoring a temperature value in the reaction chamber and a pressure sensor for monitoring a pressure value in the reaction chamber.
10. A hydrogen using apparatus characterized by comprising: The composite hydrogen supply system comprises the composite hydrogen supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the reaction chamber of the composite hydrogen supply system is connected to a hydrogen-consuming device, and the water storage of the composite hydrogen supply system is connected to the hydrogen-consuming device for collecting water generated from the hydrogen-consuming device.