Straw treatment irrigation device

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of farmland irrigation technology. A straw treatment irrigation device includes: an irrigation mechanism; and a straw treatment mechanism disposed on the irrigation mechanism. The straw treatment mechanism includes: a receiving cavity, insulated partition assemblies spaced apart within the receiving cavity, a mixture of straw and microbial degradation material placed between the insulating partition assemblies, and a mixture of nutrient material and earthworms placed between the insulating partition assemblies and the receiving cavity; the insulating partition assemblies have through holes for earthworm passage; the receiving cavity includes a concrete-enclosed cavity and a phase change energy storage interlayer disposed within the concrete-enclosed cavity, the phase change energy storage interlayer serving as insulation for the receiving cavity; and an outlet hole is provided on the receiving cavity for discharging the humus and earthworm castings generated from straw degradation into the irrigation mechanism. This invention addresses the technical problems of low straw degradation efficiency and low absorption rate in existing straw treatment methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of farmland water conservancy technology, specifically relating to a straw treatment irrigation device. Background Technology

[0002] In an era of limited productivity, straw was primarily used as livestock feed or domestic fuel. However, collecting, bundling, and transporting straw from farmland is extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive. The increasing proportion of elderly people in rural areas further complicates this process. Currently, rural areas rely heavily on more readily available energy sources such as coal, natural gas, and electricity to meet daily needs. This results in large amounts of straw being discarded in farmland, making the disposal of excess straw increasingly important. As methods of straw treatment, such as field burning, open composting, and pulverizing and returning to the field, reveal a series of problems, the development of eco-friendly and simple straw treatment technologies has become crucial.

[0003] Chinese invention patent specification with publication number CN106385842A, publication date February 15, 2017, and application number 2016107648546 discloses a method and application for returning straw to the field. This invention patent mainly utilizes a composite harvester to crush rice straw and spread it evenly in the field. Before plowing, urea and soil activator are added, and then the straw is rotary tilled. This technology improves soil porosity, makes the soil loose and easy to cultivate, and can also adjust soil alkalinity.

[0004] Chinese invention patent specification CN106608774A, published on May 3, 2017, with application number 201611198292X, discloses a straw fertilizer for improving soil structure. The main raw materials are straw, rapeseed meal, peat moss, nectar pollen, and polyvinyl alcohol. This technology is low-cost and increases soil organic matter and beneficial microorganisms, preventing soil compaction, and thus has significant economic and ecological benefits.

[0005] Chinese invention specification CN107434520A, published on December 5, 2017, and application number 2016103582855 discloses a culture medium for white lingzhi mushrooms using cotton stalks and monk fruit residue as the carbon source. The main components are cotton stalk fragments, monk fruit residue, wheat bran, etc., which greatly reduces the cost of cultivating white lingzhi mushrooms.

[0006] Chinese invention patent specification with publication number CN106313769A, publication date January 11, 2017, and application number 2015103440506 discloses a straw modified composite material, which is a multi-layer composite structure, mainly including a wear-resistant layer, a color film layer, a substrate, and a base material. This invention overcomes the defects of straw fibers and has advantages in terms of strength, toughness, and wear resistance.

[0007] Chinese invention patent specification with publication number CN103718787A, publication date April 16, 2014, and application number 2012104136317 discloses a method for increasing corn yield by covering and returning whole corn stalks to the field. The main method is to cut the corn stalks, leave the corn stubble, cover one corn ridge every meter, and immediately dig up the stubble soil to stabilize the corn stalks after covering. The beneficial effects of this invention are drought prevention, wind protection, and fertilization.

[0008] While existing technologies have made some progress, the following problems still exist:

[0009] (1) Although there have been some technological advancements in the method of returning straw to the field, such as improving soil structure and fertilizing the field, the problem of the limited amount of straw returned to the field has not been well solved. In addition, the straw degradation efficiency is low and the absorption rate by farmland is low.

[0010] (2) Straw is used as a raw material for agricultural production or building materials, and it is difficult to promote its widespread application. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to provide a straw treatment irrigation device to solve the technical problems of low straw degradation efficiency and low absorption rate in existing straw treatment methods.

[0012] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a straw treatment irrigation device, comprising:

[0013] Irrigation facilities;

[0014] A straw processing mechanism is installed on the irrigation mechanism, and the straw processing mechanism includes:

[0015] The first receiving cavity is provided with heat-insulating partition assemblies spaced apart. A mixture of straw and microbial degradation material is placed between the heat-insulating partition assemblies. A mixture of nutrient material and earthworms is placed between the heat-insulating partition assemblies and the first receiving cavity. The heat-insulating partition assemblies are provided with through holes for earthworms to pass through.

[0016] The first receiving cavity includes a concrete-enclosed cavity and a phase change energy storage interlayer disposed within the concrete-enclosed cavity. The phase change energy storage interlayer is used for heat preservation of the first receiving cavity.

[0017] An outlet hole is provided on the receiving cavity for discharging the humus and earthworm castings generated from the degradation of straw into the irrigation mechanism.

[0018] This invention uses a combination of microorganisms and earthworms to degrade straw, which is non-toxic, harmless, and does not cause environmental pollution. By using a phase change energy storage interlayer and thermal insulation partition components, this invention ensures that the internal temperature and humidity of the straw treatment device are suitable for the continuous reproduction and growth of earthworms, thereby improving the efficiency of straw degradation. Furthermore, the earthworm castings and humus produced by the earthworms digesting the straw are flushed into the farmland with irrigation water, forming fertilizer for crops, which improves the efficiency of straw degradation being absorbed by the farmland.

[0019] This invention utilizes earthworms to digest straw through holes in the heat-insulating partition assembly. At the same time, microorganisms degrade the straw, and the resulting mixture of humus and earthworm excrement flows through an outlet in the receiving cavity into the irrigation mechanism. It is then flushed into the farmland by irrigation water and becomes fertilizer for crops.

[0020] The present invention allows crop straw to degrade on irrigation ditches, without occupying arable land or requiring long-distance transportation. Furthermore, the degraded humus is flushed into the farmland with irrigation water, serving as fertilizer for crops.

[0021] To address the technical problem of uneven dispersion of humus and earthworm castings in irrigation water due to their inconsistent particle size, resulting in low crop absorption rates, this invention employs the following technical solution: the straw processing mechanism is equipped with a crushing mechanism, including:

[0022] The mounting ring seat is disposed on the outlet of the receiving cavity one;

[0023] A crushing component is disposed on the mounting ring seat. The crushing component includes a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is rotatably disposed at the center of the mounting ring seat. A blade is disposed on the rotating shaft for rotating and crushing the humus generated by the degradation of straw and earthworm castings.

[0024] A power assembly is disposed at the lower end of the rotating shaft and located within the irrigation mechanism. The power assembly is driven to rotate by the water flow within the irrigation mechanism, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0025] The mixture of humus and earthworm castings produced by straw degradation is finely chopped by the blades and flows through the outlet into the irrigation system, where it is flushed into the farmland by irrigation water, becoming fertilizer for crops. This invention uses water flow within the irrigation system to drive the blades to rotate and finely chop the humus and earthworm castings, facilitating their even dispersion in the irrigation water and absorption by crops, thus improving utilization efficiency.

[0026] To address the technical problem of undegraded straw flowing out of the outlet of the receiving cavity, this invention employs the following technical solution: a filter assembly is installed on the mounting ring to prevent the outflow of undegraded straw. The filter assembly is preferably a mesh cover, which effectively prevents the outflow of undegraded straw.

[0027] To address the technical challenge of implementing the power component, this invention employs the following solution: the power component includes blades evenly distributed circumferentially on the rotating shaft, and the blades are vertically positioned. Water flow within the irrigation mechanism drives the blades to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating shaft to rotate, thereby rotating the blades to finely chop humus and earthworm castings.

[0028] To address the technical issues related to the proportions of nutrient materials and earthworm mixtures, and straw and microbial degradation materials mixtures, this invention adopts the following technical solution: the nutrient materials and earthworm mixture comprises any one or any combination of two or three of soil, poultry manure, and livestock manure, with a weight ratio of nutrient materials to earthworms of (80%–90%): (20%–10%).

[0029] In the mixture of straw and microbial degradable material: the microbial degradable material is any one or any two or three or four of lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma, and Proteobacterium, and the weight ratio of straw to microbial degradable material is (99.9% to 99.8%): (0.01% to 0.02%).

[0030] To address the problem of pollution caused by the direct discharge of waste gas generated during straw processing into the atmosphere, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a waste gas treatment mechanism is installed on the straw processing mechanism to treat the waste gas generated by the straw processing mechanism during straw degradation.

[0031] To address the technical problem of how to implement a waste gas treatment mechanism, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, wherein the waste gas treatment mechanism includes:

[0032] The second receiving cavity has an air guide hole at its bottom corner.

[0033] The second receiving cavity is provided with partitions, a catalytic oxidant is placed between the partitions, and a carbon dioxide curing agent is placed between the partitions and the second receiving cavity; vent holes are provided at the ends of the partitions, and the vent holes of adjacent partitions are arranged oppositely to form an S-shaped air passage.

[0034] This invention reduces carbon emissions by converting a small amount of methane waste gas generated from straw degradation into water and carbon dioxide gases through a catalytic oxidant under sunlight. Simultaneously, the carbon dioxide solidifying agent solidifies the gas to generate crop fertilizer, which can be applied to the fields to support crop growth.

[0035] To address the technical problems of short catalytic oxidation time and low catalytic oxidation degree of waste gas in the waste gas treatment device, this invention adopts the following technical solution: a pressure relief component is installed on the second receiving cavity. This invention, through the setting of a gas pressure relief valve, allows the waste gas to pass through the waste gas treatment device under certain resistance, thereby extending the catalytic oxidation time of the waste gas in the waste gas treatment device and improving the catalytic oxidation degree.

[0036] To address the technical problem of incomplete catalytic oxidation caused by sunlight exposure, this invention employs the following technical solution: a lighting component is installed on the waste gas treatment device to provide illumination; the lighting component includes an ultraviolet lamp connected to a power supply component. This invention adds a lighting component to the waste gas treatment device, and the combined illumination of the lighting component and sunlight can meet the catalytic oxidation requirements of waste gas for 24 hours.

[0037] To address the high cost of connecting power lines to farmland, this invention employs the following technical solution: the power supply assembly includes a solar panel, a controller, and a battery, with the battery connected to the lighting assembly. This invention utilizes solar-generated electricity to power the lighting assembly, resulting in energy savings, environmental friendliness, and low cost.

[0038] To address the technical problems of low strength and short lifespan of existing concrete formulas used in straw treatment irrigation devices, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the irrigation mechanism, the concrete encapsulation interlayer of the first accommodating cavity of the straw treatment mechanism, and the second accommodating cavity of the waste gas treatment mechanism are all integrally cast from ultra-high performance concrete.

[0039] The formula for the ultra-high performance concrete is as follows (by weight percentage): cement 48.03%–23.45%, ultrafine limestone powder 2.40%–4.69%, ultrafine metakaolin 7.20%–9.38%, quartz sand 28.82%–46.90%, copper-plated steel fiber 3.75%–7.32%, water 9.22%–7.50%, and polycarboxylate superplasticizer 0.58%–0.75%.

[0040] The cement is 52.5 or 62.5 grade Portland cement;

[0041] The fineness of the ultrafine limestone powder is 1250 mesh to 2000 mesh;

[0042] The fineness of the ultrafine metakaolin is 1250 mesh to 2000 mesh;

[0043] The quartz sand is 40 mesh to 140 mesh;

[0044] The parameters of the copper-plated steel fiber are: length 6mm~13mm, diameter 0.2mm~0.3mm, and corrugated shape;

[0045] The water reduction rate of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is over 30%.

[0046] This invention improves the strength of concrete by optimizing the concrete formula, using higher-strength cement, increasing the fineness of ultrafine limestone powder and ultrafine metakaolin, increasing the mesh size of quartz sand, and adding copper-plated steel fibers.

[0047] To address the technical problem of how to manufacture the receiving cavity of the straw processing mechanism, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the method for preparing the receiving cavity of the straw processing mechanism is as follows:

[0048] (1) The production temperature is controlled at 10℃~20℃, and the phase change energy storage material is made into a thin sheet;

[0049] (2) The cement, the ultrafine limestone powder, the ultrafine metakaolin, and the quartz sand are placed into a mixing device and dry-mixed for 1 min to 2 min. Half of the water and the polycarboxylate superplasticizer are added to the mixing device and stirred for 3 min to 4 min. The remaining water and the polycarboxylate superplasticizer are added and stirred for 5 min to 6 min. The copper-plated steel fiber is added and stirred for 2 min to 3 min to obtain ultra-high performance concrete.

[0050] (3) Place the straw processing mechanism mold on the vibrating table, first pour the lower cover plate of the first cavity, then insert the phase change energy storage paraffin into the center of the mold to form a phase change energy storage interlayer, then pour ultra-high performance concrete into the mold. The ultra-high performance concrete fills the space between the mold and the phase change energy storage paraffin to form a concrete encapsulation cavity. Start the vibrating table to vibrate for 10s to 15s, smooth the surface to form the upper cover plate, let it stand indoors for 1 day, then demold, and cure at room temperature and humidity for 14d to 28d or at 90℃ for 24h to 48h. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the straw treatment and irrigation device of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the irrigation mechanism of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the straw processing mechanism of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic pulverizing mechanism of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the straw processing mechanism and the hydraulic pulverizing mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0056] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the straw processing mechanism and the hydraulic pulverizing mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0057] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the straw processing mechanism of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of AA section;

[0059] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the gas treatment structure of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Top view;

[0061] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the gas treatment structure of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the lighting component of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the L-shaped fastener of the present invention.

[0064] In the picture:

[0065] 10. Straw treatment irrigation device;

[0066] 100. Irrigation mechanism; 101. Concave-convex interface end; 102. Flange;

[0067] 200. Straw processing mechanism; 210. Receiving cavity one; 211. Concrete encapsulated cavity; 212. Phase change energy storage interlayer; 213. Flange; 214. Concave-convex interface end; 215. End plate; 216. Through hole; 217. Outlet hole; 218. Connection hole; 220. Partition insulation component; 221. Partition; 222. Sponge; 230. Mixture of nutrient material and earthworms; 240. Mixture of straw and microbial degradable material; 250. Mixture of humus and earthworm excrement;

[0068] 300. Waste gas treatment mechanism; 301. Second receiving cavity; 302. Transparent partition; 303. Catalytic oxidant; 304. Carbon dioxide curing agent; 305. Movable side plate; 306. Vent hole; 307. Bolt; 308. Gas pressure relief valve assembly; 309. Air guide hole;

[0069] 400. Lighting assembly; 410. Light source mounting bracket; 420. Light source; 430. Power supply assembly; 431. Solar panel; 432. Column; 433. Controller; 434. Battery;

[0070] 500. Hydraulic pulverizing mechanism; 510. Mounting ring seat; 511. Connecting hole; 512. Connecting rod; 520. Pulverizing assembly; 521. Bearing; 522. Rotating shaft; 523. Blade; 530. Power assembly; 540. Filter assembly;

[0071] 600. L-shaped fastener; 601. Connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0072] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, the straw treatment irrigation device 10 includes an irrigation mechanism 100 and a straw treatment mechanism 200.

[0074] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the irrigation mechanism 100 can be a water channel. The irrigation mechanism 100 has a rectangular cross-section, with a flange 102 at the top and a concave-convex interface 101 at the end. The concave-convex interfaces at both ends are made by designing a mold and creating them during concrete pouring. One end of the water channel is a boss and the other end is a groove. During construction, adjacent water channels are tightly connected by interlocking.

[0075] In one embodiment, the irrigation mechanism 100 is integrally cast from ultra-high performance concrete.

[0076] Specifically, the formula for ultra-high performance concrete is as follows (by weight percentage): cement 48.03%–23.45%, ultrafine limestone powder 2.40%–4.69%, ultrafine metakaolin 7.20%–9.38%, quartz sand 28.82%–46.90%, copper-plated steel fiber 3.75%–7.32%, water 9.22%–7.50%, and polycarboxylate superplasticizer 0.58%–0.75%.

[0077] Preferably, the cement is 52.5 or 62.5 grade Portland cement; the fineness of the ultrafine limestone powder is 1250 mesh to 2000 mesh;

[0078] The fineness of ultrafine metakaolin is 1250 mesh to 2000 mesh; the fineness of quartz sand is 40 mesh to 140 mesh; the parameters of copper-plated steel fiber are: length 13mm, diameter 0.2mm, and corrugated shape; the water reduction rate of polycarboxylate superplasticizer is more than 30%.

[0079] Cement, ultrafine limestone powder, ultrafine metakaolin, and quartz sand are placed in a mixer and dry-mixed for 1 minute. Half of the water and polycarboxylate superplasticizer are added to the mixer and mixed for 3 minutes. The remaining water and polycarboxylate superplasticizer are added and mixed for 5 minutes. Copper-plated steel fibers are added and mixed for 2 minutes to obtain ultra-high performance concrete.

[0080] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown in Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8, the straw processing mechanism 200 is installed on the irrigation mechanism 100 and is used to process crop straw. The straw processing mechanism 200 includes a receiving cavity 210, an insulation partition assembly 220, a nutrient and earthworm mixture 230, and a straw and microbial degradation material mixture 240.

[0081] The receiving cavity 210 has a rectangular sandwich structure with flanges 213 on both sides of its top end, and the flanges 213 are horizontally positioned. Connecting holes 218 are machined on the flanges 213 for connecting the straw processing mechanism and the waste gas processing mechanism. Concave-convex interfaces 214 are installed on the two end faces of the receiving cavity 210. End plates 215 are installed at both ends of the receiving cavity 201.

[0082] The receiving cavity 210 has an inner and outer sandwich structure, including a concrete-encased cavity 211. A phase change energy storage interlayer 212 is installed inside the concrete-encased cavity 211, which is used for heat insulation of the receiving cavity. The phase change energy storage interlayer 212 is preferably phase change energy storage paraffin wax. The phase change energy storage paraffin wax is used to maintain a suitable temperature for earthworm survival within the straw processing mechanism. The phase change temperature of the phase change energy storage material is 30℃.

[0083] An outlet 207 is provided on the receiving cavity 210. Connecting holes, preferably bolt holes, are evenly distributed on the outer edge of the outlet 207. The outlet 207 is used to discharge the humus and earthworm castings generated from the degradation of straw into the irrigation mechanism. The outlet 207 is formed during concrete pouring using a designed mold structure. The outlet 207 is preferably located in the bottom middle area of ​​the receiving cavity 210, and preferably has three outlets evenly distributed along the length of the bottom middle area of ​​the receiving cavity 210.

[0084] The cavity 210 has two end faces, one end face has a boss and the other end face has a groove. During construction, adjacent water channels are tightly connected by interlocking. The end plate is an independent component and can be disassembled.

[0085] Insulating partition assemblies 220 are spaced apart within the receiving cavity 210. Each partition insulation assembly 220 includes a partition 221 and a sponge 222. The sponge 222, preferably a high-density PVA absorbent sponge, is attached to the outside of the partition 221. Corresponding through holes 216 are machined on both the partition 221 and the sponge 222 for earthworm passage. The through holes 216 are formed during concrete pouring by designing a mold structure.

[0086] A mixture of straw and microbial degradable material 240 is placed between the insulation partition assemblies 220. In one embodiment, the microbial degradable material 240 consists of any one or any two or three or four of the following: lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma, and Proteobacterium. The weight ratio of straw to microbial degradable material is (99.9% to 99.8%): (0.01% to 0.02%).

[0087] A mixture of nutrient material and earthworms 230 is placed between the insulation partition assembly 220 and the left side wall of the receiving cavity, and between the insulation partition assembly 220 and the right side wall of the receiving cavity. In one embodiment, the nutrient material and earthworm mixture 230 contains: any one or any combination of two or three of soil, poultry manure, and livestock manure, and the weight ratio of nutrient material to earthworms is (80% to 90%): (20% to 10%).

[0088] The interior of the first cavity 210 is divided into three spaces by the partition insulation component 220. The two side spaces are filled with nutrient materials and earthworm mixture 230, and the middle space is filled with straw and microbial degradation material 240. The bottom of the first cavity 210 is provided with an outlet for the outflow of humus and earthworm castings.

[0089] In one embodiment, the concrete encapsulation layer 211, partition 221, and end plate 215 of the first accommodating cavity of the straw processing mechanism are all made of ultra-high performance concrete, and the first accommodating cavity and partition of the straw processing mechanism are integrally cast.

[0090] In one embodiment, the phase change energy storage paraffin in the sandwich layer of the straw processing device is prepared by adding it into the matrix during concrete pouring. Specifically, the preparation method of the receiving cavity one of the straw processing mechanism is as follows:

[0091] (1) Control the production environment below 30°C and make the phase change energy storage paraffin into thin sheets;

[0092] (2) Put cement, ultrafine limestone powder, ultrafine metakaolin and quartz sand into a mixer and dry mix for 1 minute. Add half of the water and polycarboxylate superplasticizer into the mixer and mix for 3 minutes. Add the remaining water and polycarboxylate superplasticizer and mix for 5 minutes. Add copper-plated steel fiber and mix for 2 minutes to obtain ultra-high performance concrete.

[0093] (3) Place the mold of the first accommodating cavity of the straw treatment device upright on the vibrating table, first pour the lower cover plate of the first accommodating cavity, then insert the phase change energy storage paraffin into the center of the mold to form a phase change energy storage interlayer, then pour ultra-high performance concrete into the mold, the ultra-high performance concrete fills the space between the mold and the phase change energy storage paraffin to form a concrete encapsulation cavity, start the vibrating table to vibrate for 10 seconds, smooth the surface to form the upper cover plate, let it stand indoors for 1 day, demold, and cure at room temperature and humidity for 28 days or at 90℃ for 48 hours. The corresponding components of the water channel and the waste gas treatment device are cast.

[0094] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown in Figures 6 and 7, in one embodiment, the straw processing mechanism 200 is provided with a crushing mechanism 500, including a mounting ring seat 510, a crushing component 520, and a power component 530.

[0095] The mounting ring seat 510 has circumferentially distributed connecting holes 511, which are preferably bolt holes. Connecting rods 512 are radially welded onto the mounting ring seat 510, preferably three or four in number, evenly distributed circumferentially. The connecting holes 511 of the mounting ring seat 510 mate with the connecting holes on the outlet holes of the receiving cavity 210, and connecting bolts are installed, thereby mounting the mounting ring seat 510 onto the outlet holes 207 of the receiving cavity 210.

[0096] The crushing assembly 520 is mounted on the mounting ring seat 510. The crushing assembly 520 includes a bearing 521, a rotating shaft 522, and a blade 523.

[0097] Bearing 521 is located at the center of mounting ring seat 510 and is welded to connecting rod 512. Rotating shaft 522 is vertically positioned and rotatably mounted on bearing 521. Blades 523 are welded to the upper part of rotating shaft 522 for rotating and finely chopping the humus generated from straw degradation and earthworm castings. There are four blades 523, each radially positioned, with the four blades evenly distributed circumferentially on rotating shaft 522.

[0098] A power assembly 530 is installed at the lower end of the rotating shaft 522 to drive the shaft 522 to rotate. The power assembly 530 is located within the irrigation mechanism 100. Preferably, the power assembly 530 includes blades, and the number of blades is preferably four. The blades are evenly distributed and welded to the rotating shaft, and the blades are arranged vertically. The water flow in the irrigation mechanism drives the blades to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the blades to rotate, thus cutting the humus generated from the degradation of straw and earthworm castings.

[0099] In one embodiment, a filter assembly 540 is welded onto the mounting ring 510 to prevent undegraded straw from flowing out. The filter assembly 540 is preferably a mesh cover.

[0100] In one embodiment, the hydraulic pulverizing mechanism comprises a power component, a pulverizing component, and a filtration component, all of which are made of stainless steel.

[0101] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, a waste gas treatment mechanism 300 is provided on the straw treatment mechanism 200 to treat the waste gas generated by the straw treatment mechanism in degrading straw.

[0102] like Figure 9 , 10 As shown in Figure 11, the exhaust gas treatment mechanism includes a receiving cavity 301 and a transparent partition 302.

[0103] The second receiving cavity 301 is preferably a box structure. A vent 309 is provided at the bottom of the second receiving cavity 301, preferably located at a corner of the bottom. The second receiving cavity 301 is a split structure, including a main structure and a movable side plate 305. The movable side plate 305 is bolted to the main structure. In one embodiment, a gas pressure relief valve assembly 308 is provided on the second receiving cavity 301. When the pressure inside the waste gas treatment mechanism reaches a preset value, the gas pressure relief valve assembly 308 opens, discharging the treated gas. Preferably, the gas pressure relief valve assembly 308 is mounted on the surface of the movable side plate 305. The gas pressure relief valve assembly 308 is a small pressure relief valve with a pressure range of less than 2 kPa.

[0104] In one embodiment, the two receiving cavities 301 are integrally cast from ultra-high performance concrete. The formulation and preparation method of the ultra-high performance concrete are based on the description of ultra-high performance concrete in irrigation systems.

[0105] A plurality of transparent partitions 302 are disposed within the second receiving cavity 301. The transparent partitions 302 are preferably disposed along the length of the second receiving cavity 301, but can also be disposed along the width of the second receiving cavity 301. The transparent partitions 302 are preferably made of glass.

[0106] Ventilation holes 306 are provided at the ends of the transparent partition 302. In one embodiment, the ventilation holes of adjacent transparent partitions 302 are arranged in opposite directions, that is, the ventilation holes of adjacent transparent partitions 302 are located at different ends, forming an S-shaped air passage, which further prolongs the residence time of the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas treatment mechanism.

[0107] A catalytic oxidant 303 is placed between the transparent partitions 302. In one embodiment, the catalytic oxidant is nano zinc oxide and nano titanium dioxide in a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0108] A carbon dioxide curing agent 304 is placed between the transparent partition 302 and the left (right) wall of the receiving cavity 301. In one embodiment, the carbon dioxide curing agent is potassium carbonate, which is sealed in a non-woven bag when in use. The non-woven bag is made of spunbond geotextile or thermoplastic geotextile.

[0109] The interior of the exhaust gas treatment unit is divided into multiple spaces by transparent partitions. One outer space contains a non-woven bag containing carbon dioxide curing agent, while the remaining spaces contain catalytic oxidant.

[0110] like Figure 1 , 12 As shown, in one embodiment, an illumination component 400 is provided on the exhaust gas treatment mechanism 300 to provide illumination to the exhaust gas treatment mechanism; the illumination component 400 includes a light source mounting base 410, a light source 420, and a power supply component 430. The light source mounting base 410 is made of transparent material and is supported on the receiving cavity 301. Several light sources 420 are mounted on the bottom of the light source mounting base 410, and the light sources 420 are connected to the power supply component 430, preferably in the form of a common building glass box. The light source 420 is preferably an ultraviolet lamp. The ultraviolet lamp is a 12V or 24V ultraviolet lamp tube.

[0111] The power supply assembly 430 is mounted on the light source mounting base 401. The power supply assembly 430 includes a solar panel 431, a support column 432, a controller 433, and a battery 434. The front end of the solar panel 431 is supported on the light source mounting base 410, and the rear end is supported by the support column 432 on the light source mounting base 410. The battery 434 is connected to the solar panel 431 via a control line. The battery 434 is also connected to the controller 433 via a control line. The controller is 12V, 10A or 24V, 10A.

[0112] like Figure 1 The installation process of the straw treatment irrigation device is shown below:

[0113] After the irrigation ditch is excavated and repaired, the irrigation mechanism 100 is placed in the irrigation ditch, and adjacent irrigation mechanisms 100 are spliced ​​together as one unit through the concave and convex interface ends of the water channel.

[0114] The rotating shaft 522 of the hydraulic crushing mechanism 500 is passed through the outlet hole 217. A power assembly 530 composed of blades is welded to the lower end of the rotating shaft 522. A bearing 521 is fitted onto the upper end of the rotating shaft 522. One end of the connecting rod 512 is welded to the mounting ring seat 510, and the other end is welded to the bearing 521. The blade 523 is welded to the uppermost part of the rotating shaft 522. The filter assembly 540 is welded to the mounting ring seat 510. Bolts are passed through the connecting hole 511 on the mounting ring seat 510 and fixed to the bottom of the straw processing mechanism 200.

[0115] Place the straw processing mechanism 200 on the irrigation mechanism 100, attach the sponge 222 to the outer surface of the partition 221, and install the end plate 215 at the end; put the nutrient material and earthworm mixture 230 into the spaces on both sides of the straw processing mechanism 200; put the straw and microbial degradation material mixture 240 into the middle space of the straw processing mechanism 200; and connect adjacent straw processing mechanisms 200 together through the concave and convex interface ends 214 at the ends.

[0116] Place the waste gas treatment unit 300 on top of the straw treatment unit 200, place the non-woven bag-packaged carbon dioxide curing agent 304 in the space on one side of the movable side plate 305, and fill the remaining space with catalytic oxidant 303.

[0117] Place the lighting assembly 400 on the straw processing mechanism 200, and connect the solar panel 431, controller 433, battery 434, and light source 420 together with wires. Figure 13 As shown, the irrigation mechanism 100, the straw processing mechanism 200, the exhaust gas processing mechanism 300, and the light source mounting glass box 510 of the lighting component 400 are connected together with L-shaped fasteners 600 and fastener bolts, and the straw processing irrigation device is installed.

[0118] The working process of the straw treatment irrigation device:

[0119] Earthworms digest the straw through the through-hole 216, while microorganisms degrade the straw. The resulting mixture of humus and earthworm castings 250 passes through the filter assembly 540. After being finely chopped by the blade 523, the humus and earthworm castings flow into the irrigation mechanism 100 through the outlet 217 and are flushed into the farmland by irrigation water, becoming fertilizer for crops. The waste gas generated from straw degradation enters the waste gas treatment mechanism 300 through the bottom vent 309 and passes through the vents 306 at the ends of each transparent partition 3012. Under the irradiation of sunlight and the light source 420 of the irradiation assembly 400, it is converted into carbon dioxide and water. The carbon dioxide is solidified by the carbon dioxide solidifying agent 304 in the non-woven bag to produce potassium bicarbonate. The movable side plate 305 is opened periodically to replace the carbon dioxide solidifying agent 304 in the non-woven bag, and the potassium bicarbonate is taken out and sprinkled into the farmland as fertilizer. When excess gas accumulates and reaches a certain pressure, the gas pressure relief valve releases the gas.

[0120] The present invention allows crop straw to degrade on irrigation canals, without occupying arable land or requiring long-distance transportation. The degraded humus is washed into the farmland with irrigation water, serving as crop fertilizer.

[0121] This invention uses a combination of microorganisms and earthworms to degrade straw, which is non-toxic, harmless, and does not cause environmental pollution;

[0122] This invention uses phase change energy storage paraffin and sponge to ensure that the internal temperature and humidity of the straw treatment device are suitable for the continuous reproduction and growth of earthworms, thereby improving the efficiency of straw degradation. In addition, the earthworm castings and humus produced by the earthworms digesting the straw are flushed into the farmland with irrigation water, forming fertilizer for crops.

[0123] The mesh cover on the hydraulic pulverizer of this invention can prevent undegraded straw from flowing out, and can also drive the blades to rotate and finely chop humus and earthworm castings by irrigation water, which is conducive to their uniform dispersion in irrigation water and absorption by crops, thereby improving utilization rate.

[0124] This invention converts a small amount of methane waste gas generated from straw degradation into water and carbon dioxide gases through a catalytic oxidant under ultraviolet light and sunlight. At the same time, the gas is solidified by potassium carbonate to produce potassium bicarbonate, which is then used as fertilizer for crops and applied to the fields to support crop growth. The entire process reduces carbon emissions, and the combined irradiation of ultraviolet light and sunlight can meet the catalytic oxidation of waste gas for 24 hours.

[0125] This invention uses a gas pressure relief valve to allow waste gas to pass through the waste gas treatment device under certain resistance, thereby extending the catalytic oxidation time of the waste gas in the device and improving the degree of catalytic oxidation.

[0126] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. Furthermore, the contents not described in detail in this specification are all prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A straw treatment irrigation device, characterized in that, include: Irrigation facilities; A straw processing mechanism is installed on the irrigation mechanism, and the straw processing mechanism includes: The first receiving cavity is provided with heat-insulating partition assemblies spaced apart. A mixture of straw and microbial degradation material is placed between the heat-insulating partition assemblies. A mixture of nutrient material and earthworms is placed between the heat-insulating partition assemblies and the first receiving cavity. The heat-insulating partition assemblies are provided with through holes for earthworms to pass through. The first receiving cavity includes a concrete-enclosed cavity and a phase change energy storage interlayer disposed within the concrete-enclosed cavity. The phase change energy storage interlayer is used for heat preservation of the first receiving cavity. The receiving cavity is provided with an outlet for discharging the humus and earthworm castings generated from the degradation of straw into the irrigation mechanism; the straw processing mechanism is provided with a crushing mechanism, including: The mounting ring seat is disposed on the outlet of the receiving cavity one; A crushing component is disposed on the mounting ring seat. The crushing component includes a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is rotatably disposed at the center of the mounting ring seat. A blade is disposed on the rotating shaft for rotating and crushing the humus generated by the degradation of straw and earthworm castings. A power assembly is disposed at the lower end of the rotating shaft and located within the irrigation mechanism. The power assembly is driven to rotate by the water flow within the irrigation mechanism, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate. The straw processing mechanism is equipped with a waste gas treatment mechanism for treating the waste gas generated by the straw processing mechanism during straw degradation; the waste gas treatment mechanism includes: The second receiving cavity has an air guide hole at its bottom corner. The second receiving cavity is provided with partitions, a catalytic oxidant is placed between the partitions, and a carbon dioxide curing agent is placed between the partitions and the second receiving cavity; vent holes are provided at the ends of the partitions, and the vent holes of adjacent partitions are arranged oppositely to form an S-shaped air passage.

2. The straw treatment irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A filter assembly is provided on the mounting ring to prevent undegraded straw from flowing out; The power assembly includes blades, which are circumferentially distributed on the rotating shaft and vertically arranged.

3. The straw treatment irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the mixture of nutrient material and earthworms: the nutrient material is any one or any combination of two or three of soil, poultry manure, and livestock manure, and the weight ratio of nutrient material to earthworms is (80% to 90%): (20% to 10%). In the mixture of straw and microbial degradable material: the microbial degradable material is any one or any two or three or four of lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma, and Proteobacterium, and the weight ratio of straw to microbial degradable material is (99.9% to 99.8%): (0.01% to 0.02%).

4. The straw treatment irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure relief assembly is provided on the second receiving cavity; The exhaust gas treatment mechanism is equipped with a lighting component to provide illumination to the exhaust gas treatment mechanism; the lighting component includes an ultraviolet lamp, which is connected to a power supply component.

5. The straw treatment irrigation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The power supply components include a solar panel, a controller, and a battery, with the battery connected to the lighting components.

6. The straw treatment irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The irrigation mechanism, the concrete encapsulation interlayer of the first accommodating cavity of the straw treatment mechanism, and the second accommodating cavity of the waste gas treatment mechanism are all integrally cast from ultra-high performance concrete. The formula for the ultra-high performance concrete is as follows (by weight percentage): cement 23.45%–48.03%, ultrafine limestone powder 2.40%–4.69%, ultrafine metakaolin 7.20%–9.38%, quartz sand 28.82%–46.90%, copper-plated steel fiber 3.75%–7.32%, water 9.22%–7.50%, and polycarboxylate superplasticizer 0.58%–0.75%. The cement is 52.5 or 62.5 grade Portland cement; The fineness of the ultrafine limestone powder is 1250 mesh to 2000 mesh; The fineness of the ultrafine metakaolin is 1250 mesh to 2000 mesh; The quartz sand is 40 mesh to 140 mesh; The parameters of the copper-plated steel fiber are: length 6mm~13mm, diameter 0.2mm~0.3mm, and corrugated shape; The water reduction rate of the polycarboxylate superplasticizer is over 30%.

7. The straw treatment irrigation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method for preparing the receiving cavity one of the straw processing mechanism is as follows: (1) Control the production temperature at 10℃~20℃ and make the phase change energy storage material into thin sheets; (2) The cement, the ultrafine limestone powder, the ultrafine metakaolin, and the quartz sand are placed into a mixing device and dry-mixed for 1 min to 2 min. Half of the water and the polycarboxylate superplasticizer are added to the mixing device and stirred for 3 min to 4 min. The remaining water and the polycarboxylate superplasticizer are added and stirred for 5 min to 6 min. The copper-plated steel fiber is added and stirred for 2 min to 3 min to obtain ultra-high performance concrete. (3) Place the straw processing mechanism mold on the vibrating table, first pour the lower cover plate of the first cavity, then insert the phase change energy storage material into the center of the mold to form a phase change energy storage interlayer, then pour ultra-high performance concrete into the mold. The ultra-high performance concrete fills the space between the mold and the phase change energy storage paraffin to form a concrete encapsulation cavity. Start the vibrating table to vibrate for 10s to 15s, smooth the surface to form the upper cover plate, let it stand indoors for 1 day, then demold, and cure at room temperature and humidity for 14d to 28d or at 90℃ for 24h to 48h.

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