A permanent magnet synchronous motor

Abstract

The application provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises a fan blade, an end cover and a fan cover, the axial height of the fan blade is B1, the fan cover comprises an air inlet cylinder inside, at least part of the structure of the fan blade extends into the air inlet cylinder, the axial length of the fan blade extending into the air inlet cylinder is B1.1, the shortest axial distance between the air inlet cylinder towards the axial end of the end cover and the windward surface of the end cover is B1.2, the shortest axial distance between the axial end of the fan blade towards the end cover and the windward surface of the end cover is B1.3, the axial height of the air inlet cylinder along the central axis direction of the fan cover is A7, and the following conditions are met: B1=B1.1+(B1.2-B1.3), 0.63<=B1.1 / A7<=0.65; 0.12<=B1.3 / B1.2<=0.13. According to the application, low noise and low temperature rise can be simultaneously considered, the ventilation noise of the motor is reduced, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor and the frequency converter is greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electric machines, in particular to a permanent magnet synchronous motor. BACKGROUND

[0002] The conventional variable frequency permanent magnet synchronous motor needs to be matched with a variable frequency controller to drive the motor, and the variable frequency controller drives and controls the motor remotely through a power line. This driving mode occupies a large space, and the long power line also causes the controller signal to attenuate, affecting the overall stability of the driving system.

[0003] The existing Chinese patent with the publication number CN203967911U discloses a new structure that integrates the motor and the driving controller together. The motor is provided above a straddle machine box, the machine box is built-in with a variable frequency controller, and the motor is connected with the variable frequency controller through a wiring board on the side wall of the machine box. The integrated structure of the variable frequency controller and the motor can reduce the overall volume of the driving system and greatly improve the space utilization. Moreover, the integrated structure can reduce the installation cost and improve the overall stability of the driving system.

[0004] Although the integrated structure of the motor and the variable frequency controller can save installation space, the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor and the controller is low. The conventional motor and the variable frequency controller are respectively cooled by built-in fans, and after integration, the two mainly rely on the internal fan or the blower of the motor for cooling, and the cooling effect is poor. Although increasing the fan diameter or the blower power can enhance the cooling effect, it will cause the motor noise to be too large.

[0005] Since the driving integrated permanent magnet synchronous motor in the prior art has the technical problems that it is difficult to simultaneously consider low noise and low temperature rise, the present application designs a permanent magnet synchronous motor. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the defects of the driving integrated permanent magnet synchronous motor in the prior art that it is difficult to simultaneously consider low noise and low temperature rise, so as to provide a permanent magnet synchronous motor.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises: a fan blade, an end cover and a fan cover,

[0008] The axial height of the fan blade is B1, the fan cover comprises an air inlet cylinder inside, at least part of the structure of the fan blade extends into the air inlet cylinder, the axial length of the fan blade extending into the air inlet cylinder is B1.1, the shortest axial distance between the air inlet cylinder towards the axial end of the end cover and the windward surface of the end cover is B1.2, the shortest axial distance between the axial end of the fan blade towards the end cover and the windward surface of the end cover is B1.3, the axial height of the air inlet cylinder along the central axis direction of the fan cover is A7, and B1=B1.1+(B1.2-B1.3), the relationship between B1.1 and A7 satisfies: 0.63≤B1.1 / A7≤0.65; and / or the proportional relationship between B1.3 and B1.2 is 0.12≤B1.3 / B1.2≤0.13.

[0009] In some embodiments,

[0010] The radius of the fan blade extending into the air inlet cylinder is B2.1, the radius of the fan blade at the intersection position between the plane where the end surface of the axial end of the air inlet cylinder is located and the fan blade is B2.2, the radius of the inner wall of the air inlet end of the air inlet cylinder is A8, and 0.82≤B2.1 / A8≤0.83; and / or, 0.8≤B2.2 / A8≤0.82.

[0011] In some embodiments,

[0012] In the plane perpendicular to the central axis of the fan blade, the included angle between the extension direction of the blade of the fan blade and the radial direction is B3, and 20°≤B3≤25°.

[0013] In some embodiments,

[0014] The fan blade comprises a sleeve and a blade, the sleeve is in a cylindrical structure and can be sleeved on the rotating shaft, one end of the blade is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the sleeve, and the other end extends in the direction of the radial outside, the axial length of the sleeve is B4, and 0.75≤B4 / B1≤0.8.

[0015] In some embodiments,

[0016] Further comprising a controller and a cabinet, the controller is located on one side of the cabinet, a first cavity can be formed between the controller and the cabinet, and a second cavity can be formed between the controller and the fan cover.

[0017] In some embodiments,

[0018] The air cover is a cylindrical structure having a central axis, comprising an air inlet end at one axial end and an air outlet end at the other axial end, the air inlet end is provided with a first gap on the side facing the controller to enable the airflow inside the air inlet end of the air cover to flow to the controller through the first gap; and / or the air outlet end is provided with a second gap on the side facing the controller to enable the airflow inside the air cover to flow to the first cavity through the second gap.

[0019] In some embodiments,

[0020] The air inlet end of the air cover is recessed in the direction towards the inside of the air cover to form a wind channel, the wind channel is a tapered cylindrical structure, along the airflow direction, the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the wind channel perpendicular to the central axis gradually decreases.

[0021] In some embodiments,

[0022] A plurality of first flow guide fins are arranged on the inner wall of the wind channel of the wind channel, the first flow guide fins are arranged protruding from the inner wall of the wind channel, the first flow guide fins extend from the air inlet end of the air cover to the outlet end of the wind channel, and a plurality of first flow guide fins are arranged in a spaced manner along the circumferential direction of the wind channel.

[0023] In some embodiments,

[0024] The end of the wind channel in the airflow direction is connected to be provided with an air inlet cylinder, the wind channel communicates with the air inlet cylinder to enable the airflow in the wind channel to enter the air inlet cylinder; one end of the air inlet cylinder is connected to the downstream end of the wind channel, and the other end of the air inlet cylinder extends towards the air outlet end of the air cover.

[0025] In some embodiments,

[0026] The air inlet cylinder is a flared cylindrical structure, along the airflow direction, the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the air inlet cylinder perpendicular to the central axis gradually increases, and the other end of the air inlet cylinder extends towards the air outlet end of the air cover to a preset distance greater than 0 from the air outlet end.

[0027] In some embodiments,

[0028] The air cover further comprises an outer layer structure located outside the wind channel and the air inlet cylinder, the outer layer structure is a cylindrical structure and comprises a first axial segment structure, the first axial segment structure is located outside the wind channel and the air inlet cylinder, part of the first axial segment structure is connected to the outer wall of the wind channel, and part of the first axial segment structure is located outside the air inlet cylinder and is arranged in a spaced manner with the air inlet cylinder.

[0029] In some embodiments,

[0030] The outer layer structure further comprises a second axial segment structure, which is connected to an axial end of the first axial segment structure along the air flow direction, and is located on the downstream side of the air inlet cylinder along the air flow direction. The second axial segment structure is located on the outer periphery of at least part of the structure of the end cover of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and is spaced apart from the end cover.

[0031] In some embodiments,

[0032] The inner wall of the second axial segment structure is provided with a second flow guide fin, which is located on the outer periphery of the end cover fin of the end cover and is spaced apart from the end cover fin. The second flow guide fin and the end cover fin jointly act on the air flow to guide the air flow towards the direction of the air outlet end.

[0033] In some embodiments,

[0034] The outer layer structure further comprises a third axial segment structure, which is connected to an axial downstream end of the second axial segment structure along the air flow direction. The third axial segment structure is located on the outer periphery of at least part of the structure of the casing of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and is spaced apart from the casing.

[0035] In some embodiments,

[0036] In a plane perpendicular to the axis of the air scoop, the cross-sectional shape of the air funnel is a U-shaped structure, and the open end of the U-shaped structure is provided with the first notch at the air inlet end.

[0037] The first notch is formed by cutting on the open side of the U-shaped structure at the air inlet end of the air funnel. The third axial segment structure, the second axial segment structure and the first axial segment structure located on the outer periphery of the air inlet cylinder form the second notch by cutting on the open side of the U-shaped structure.

[0038] In some embodiments,

[0039] The end cover can be matched with the casing of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. The outer periphery of the casing is provided with a controller on one side. The end cover has a windward surface, and at least part of the structure on the side not facing the controller is provided with a cover fin. The side facing the controller is not provided with a cover fin, forming a notch structure. Through the notch structure, the air flow on the windward surface of the end cover can flow to the first cavity.

[0040] In some embodiments,

[0041] The controller is located above the end cover, and the notch structure is formed at the upper end of the windward surface of the end cover. The windward surface is a curved surface structure, so that the notch structure is formed into an arc-shaped notch;

[0042] The cover-shaped fin includes a first cover-shaped fin located on one side of the central axis of the end cover in the horizontal direction, a second cover-shaped fin located on the other side of the central axis in the horizontal direction, and a third cover-shaped fin located below the central axis, and the arc-shaped notch is formed above the central axis.

[0043] The permanent magnet synchronous motor provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] 1. In the present invention, after the airflow enters the air inlet duct, it will be sucked into the second cavity by the rotating fan blades. The dimensions of the rotating fan blades are as follows: First, the fan blade height B1. B1 is affected by three dimensions, namely the height B1.1 of the fan blade extending into the air inlet duct, the distance B1.2 from the top of the air inlet duct to the surface of the end cover, and the distance B1.3 from the bottom of the fan blade to the surface of the end cover. B1=B1.1+(B1.2-B1.3). The proportional relationship between B1.1 and the air inlet duct height is 0.63≤B1.1 / A7≤0.65. If the top of the fan blade is too close or too far from the bottom of the air inlet duct, the air intake of the air inlet duct will be reduced. The proportional relationship between B1.3 and B1.2 is 0.12≤B1.3 / B1.2≤0.13. If B1.3 is too large, the fan blade area will be reduced, affecting the heat dissipation efficiency. If B1.3 is too small, it will affect the wind flow trajectory and increase wind flow loss. Therefore, the present invention sets the dimensional relationship of 0.63≤B1.1 / A7≤0.65 to increase the air intake volume of the air inlet duct, and through the dimensional relationship of 0.12≤B1.3 / B1.2≤0.13, it can increase the wind sweeping area of ​​the fan blade, reduce wind flow loss, and thus maximize the heat dissipation efficiency; it can take into account low noise and low temperature rise at the same time, while reducing the ventilation noise of the motor, it greatly improves the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor and the frequency converter.

[0045] 2. The present invention sets a first notch at the air inlet end of the air hood on the side facing the controller, which can effectively guide the airflow inside the air hood to the controller to dissipate heat for the controller. A second notch is set at the air outlet end of the air hood on the side facing the controller, which can effectively guide the airflow inside the air hood near the air outlet end to the controller to effectively dissipate heat for the controller, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the controller, and can ensure and improve the effective heat dissipation of the controller without increasing the fan speed (without increasing the noise) and the structural volume, and can take into account both low noise and low temperature rise at the same time, and greatly improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor and the frequency converter while reducing the ventilation noise of the motor.

[0046] 3. The application can also improve the effect of gathering and guiding air flow through the wind gathering channel. The second guide fin arranged on the inner wall of the wind gathering channel can further guide the wind and improve the structural strength. The air flow after being gathered by the wind gathering channel can be constrained and rectified by the air inlet cylinder, so that the air flow flows orderly to the end cover, the fan blade and other positions, and the heat dissipation performance is improved. The outer layer structure of the wind gathering channel and the air inlet cylinder can guide the air flow after being gathered by the wind gathering channel and the air inlet cylinder to the end cover fin for heat dissipation, the fin outside the shell for heat dissipation, and the second gap to the controller for effective heat dissipation of the controller, further improving the heat dissipation performance of the motor.

[0047] 4. The application can form a gap structure on the side of the end cover facing the controller without arranging the cover type fin, so as to effectively guide the air flow flowing through the windward surface of the end cover to the controller, so as to effectively dissipate heat of the controller, improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the controller, ensure and improve the effective heat dissipation of the controller without increasing the fan speed (without increasing the noise) and without increasing the structural volume, and simultaneously consider low noise and low temperature rise, thereby reducing the ventilation noise of the motor and greatly improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor and the frequency converter.

[0048] 5. The cross section of the motor end cover in the application is arc-shaped, the arc top is a plane, and the circular arc surface adds cover type guide flow heat dissipation fins. Except the upper part of the end cover, the cover type fins are arranged around the end cover and are divided into three regions to guide the air flow to the heat dissipation flow channels of the shell on the left and right and below the shell. The guide flow fins are arranged on the inner and outer surfaces of the cover type ring fins. The arc-shaped gap without cover type fins on the upper part of the end cover is used to guide the air flow into the heat dissipation flow channels formed by the fins above the shell and the bottom of the controller. The angle of the circular arc section of the end cover cross section can ensure that the air flow thrown out of the air inlet cylinder by the fan blade can enter the heat dissipation flow channel along the surface of the end cover in the shortest path, reducing the loss of air flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 is the front view of the fan blade of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the application;

[0050] Figure 2 is the front view of the end cover, the fan blade and the fan cover of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the application after being assembled;

[0051] Figure 3 is the front view of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the application;

[0052] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the right view (highlighting the end cover fin part);

[0053] Figure 5is a change curve graph between the surface temperature of the tail end fin of the machine shell of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present application and the volume of the wind collecting duct (B1.1 / A7);

[0054] Figure 6 is a change curve graph between the surface temperature of the tail end fin of the machine shell of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present application and (B1.3 / B1.2);

[0055] Figure 7 is a change curve graph between the surface temperature of the tail end fin of the machine shell of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present application and (B2.1 / A8);

[0056] Figure 8 is a change curve graph between the surface temperature of the tail end fin of the machine shell of the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present application and (B2.2 / A8).

[0057] The reference signs are shown as:

[0058] 1, motor; 2, controller; 3, fixed support plate; 4, heat dissipation fin; 5, front flange; 6, machine shell; 7, stator; 8, rotor; 9, end cover; 91, windward surface; 10, fan blade; 11, fan cover; 111, air inlet end; 112, air outlet end; 113, outer structure; 114, first shaft section structure; 115, second shaft section structure; 116, third shaft section structure; 12, screw; 13, first cavity; 14, second cavity; 15, first gap; 16, wind collecting duct; 17, inlet end of air inlet cylinder; 18, air inlet cylinder; 19, gap structure; 20, second gap; 200, cover-shaped fin; 21, first cover-shaped fin; 22, second cover-shaped fin; 23, third cover-shaped fin; 24, cavity; 25, second flow guide fin; 26, first flow guide fin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative, but not as any limitation on the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0060] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation words such as "front, back, upper, lower, left, right", "transverse, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" and the like indicated orientation or position relationship are generally based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, without making the opposite statement, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application; the orientation words "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0061] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms such as "over", "above", "upper surface", "upper" and the like can be used herein to describe the spatial position relationship of one device or feature with other devices or features as shown in the drawings. It should be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the device described in the drawings. For example, if the device in the drawing is inverted, the device described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures will be positioned "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below" orientations. The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0062] In addition, it should be noted that the use of "first", "second" and the like to define parts has only the purpose of facilitating the distinction of the corresponding parts, and the above words have no special meaning unless otherwise stated, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application.

[0063] As shown in Figures 1 to 8 The present application provides a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises a fan blade 10, an end cover 9 and a fan cover 11,

[0064] The axial height of the fan blade 10 is B1, the fan cover 11 includes an air inlet cylinder 18 inside, at least part of the structure of the fan blade 10 extends into the air inlet cylinder 18, the axial length of the fan blade 10 extending into the air inlet cylinder 18 is B1.1, the shortest axial distance between the air inlet cylinder 18 and the windward surface of the end cover 9 towards one axial end of the end cover 9 is B1.2, the shortest axial distance between the fan blade 10 and the windward surface of the end cover 9 towards one axial end of the end cover 9 is B1.3, the axial height of the air inlet cylinder 18 along the central axis direction of the fan cover 11 is A7, and B1=B1.1+(B1.2-B1.3), the relationship between B1.1 and A7 satisfies: 0.63≤B1.1 / A7≤0.65; and / or the proportional relationship between B1.3 and B1.2 is 0.12≤B1.3 / B1.2≤0.13.

[0065] After the air flow enters the air inlet cylinder, it is sucked into the second cavity by the rotating fan blade. The size of the rotating fan blade is as follows: first, the height of the fan blade B1 is affected by three sizes, which are the height B1.1 of the fan blade extending into the air inlet cylinder, the distance B1.2 between the top of the air inlet cylinder and the surface of the end cover, and the distance B1.3 between the bottom of the fan blade and the surface of the end cover. B1=B1.1+(B1.2-B1.3). The proportional relationship between B1.1 and the height of the air inlet cylinder is 0.63≤B1.1 / A7≤0.65. If the distance between the top of the fan blade and the bottom of the air inlet cylinder is too close or too far, the air inlet amount of the air inlet cylinder will be reduced. The proportional relationship between B1.3 and B1.2 is 0.12≤B1.3 / B1.2≤0.13. If B1.3 is too large, the heat dissipation efficiency will be affected by the area of the fan blade. If B1.3 is too small, the air flow trajectory will be affected, and the air flow loss will be increased. Therefore, by setting the size relationship 0.63≤B1.1 / A7≤0.65, the air inlet amount of the air inlet cylinder can be improved. By setting the size relationship 0.12≤B1.3 / B1.2≤0.13, the air flow loss can be reduced, and the heat dissipation efficiency can be improved to the greatest extent. Therefore, the low noise and low temperature rise can be considered at the same time, the ventilation noise of the motor can be reduced, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor and the frequency converter can be greatly improved. Figure 5 and 6 .

[0066] In some embodiments,

[0067] The radius of the fan blade 10 extending into the air inlet cylinder 18 is B2.1, the radius of the fan blade at the intersection position of the plane where the end surface of the air inlet cylinder 18 towards one axial end of the end cover 9 is located and the fan blade 10 is B2.2, the radius of the inner wall of the air inlet end of the air inlet cylinder 18 is A8, and 0.82≤B2.1 / A8≤0.83; and / or 0.8≤B2.2 / A8≤0.82.

[0068] The fan blade radius of the application is mainly divided into three parts, the fan blade radius B2.1 inside the air inlet cylinder, the fan blade radius B2.2 at the top of the air inlet cylinder, and the fan blade radius B2.3 at the bottom of the air inlet cylinder. The proportional relationship between B2.1 and the bottom radius A8 of the air inlet cylinder is 0.82≤B2.1 / A8≤0.83. If B2.1 is too large, the air inlet amount of the fan blade will decrease, and if B2.1 is too small, the air suction capacity of the fan blade will be insufficient and the turbulence will be more. The proportional relationship between B2.2 and A8 is 0.8≤B2.2 / A8≤0.82, which ensures that the airflow flowing out of the air inlet cylinder can flow along the predetermined air path for heat dissipation. B2.3 is smaller than the inner radius of the end cover fin, which guides the airflow into the heat dissipation flow channel formed by the end cover fin. Therefore, the above size relationship 0.82≤B2.1 / A8≤0.83 can improve the air inlet amount and air suction capacity of the fan blade while reducing turbulence, and the size relationship 0.8≤B2.2 / A8≤0.82 can regulate the direction of airflow and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0069] In some embodiments,

[0070] In a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the fan blade 10, the angle between the extension direction of the blade of the fan blade 10 and the radial direction is B3, and 20°≤B3≤25°.

[0071] The angle B3 between the fan blade and the fan blade axis of the application is in the range of 20°≤B3≤25°. When the B3 angle is small, the air suction capacity of the fan blade is low, and when the B3 angle is large, the airflow impact on the air inlet cylinder wall is large. Therefore, the above size relationship can improve the air suction capacity of the fan blade while reducing the impact noise of the airflow.

[0072] In some embodiments,

[0073] The fan blade 10 comprises a sleeve and a blade, the sleeve is in a cylindrical structure and can be sleeved on the rotating shaft, one end of the blade is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the sleeve, and the other end extends outward in the radial direction, the axial length of the sleeve is B4, and 0.75≤B4 / B1≤0.8.

[0074] The height of the sleeve of the application is B4, and the proportional relationship between B4 and the height B1 of the fan blade is

[0075] 0.75≤B4 / B1≤0.8. If the sleeve height is too low, the transmission efficiency of the fan blade will be reduced, and if the sleeve height is too high, the airflow path at the top of the fan blade in the air cylinder will be affected. Most of the air flow sucked into the air cylinder will enter the heat dissipation flow channel in the corresponding cooling flow channel second cavity under the guidance of the end cover guide fin. The above size relationship

[0076] 0.75≤B4 / B1≤0.8 can improve the transmission efficiency of the fan blade, and at the same time, the airflow path at the top of the fan blade will not be affected.

[0077] In some embodiments,

[0078] Also included are a controller 2 and a casing 6, the controller 2 is located on one side of the casing 6, and a first cavity 13 can be formed between the controller 2 and the casing 6, and a second cavity 14 can be formed between the controller 2 and the wind cover 11.

[0079] A small part of the airflow before entering the wind cover will pass through the small gap (first gap 15) above the rear end of the wind cover and directly enter the flow channel between the top of the wind cover and the bottom of the controller, and directly enter the first cavity 13. Most of them will be gathered in the U-shaped wind gathering channel 16 formed by the inward recess of the tail end of the wind cover, and the airflow entering the wind gathering channel will enter the air inlet of the wind cover through the air inlet of the wind gathering channel (the inlet end of the air inlet cylinder). The cylinder wall of the air inlet cylinder is inclined outward to assist the wind blade in transmitting wind power.

[0080] After the airflow enters the air inlet cylinder, it will be sucked into the second cavity 14 by the rotating wind blade. The rotating wind blade is divided into two parts in the wind cover, one part enters the air inlet cylinder 18, and the other part is in the second cavity 14. When the wind blade of the air inlet cylinder rotates, it will wrap the airflow and send the airflow in the air inlet cylinder into the second cavity; the wind blade in the second cavity is responsible for sending the airflow into the flow channel area formed by the end cover guide fin.

[0081] The heat dissipation flow channel of the second cavity of the present application mainly includes four parts: one is the airflow entering the first cavity 13 to assist heat dissipation through the arc-shaped gap (gap structure 19) of the cover-shaped fin above the end cover and the large gap (second gap 20) above the wind cover; the remaining three are the airflow entering the left, right, and lower heat dissipation flow channels of the casing under the guidance of the cover-shaped guide fin on the left, right, and lower sides of the end cover. The remaining small part of the airflow will enter the cavity 24 formed by the outer circle of the fin and the inner wall of the wind cover, and will be guided into the heat dissipation flow channel of the motor casing by the second guide fin 25 on the surface of the U-shaped inner wall of the front end of the wind cover. The U-shaped part at the lower end of the wind cover can be divided into two layers according to the radius, the rear end radius A2 is smaller, used to wrap the fin of the end cover, and the front end A3 is larger, used to wrap the heat dissipation fins on the left, right, and lower ends of the casing, reducing airflow loss.

[0082] The driving integrated permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present application mainly relies on the gas flowing through the first cavity and the second cavity for heat dissipation, and the airflow in the first cavity will pass through the surface of the controller and the motor heat dissipation fin to carry away heat. In addition to the airflow flowing into the first cavity, the remaining most of the airflow in the second cavity enters the fin heat dissipation flow channel on the left, right, and lower sides of the casing, and flows through the surface of the fin to carry away heat.

[0083] In some embodiments,

[0084] The wind cover 11 is a cylindrical structure having a central axis, including an air inlet end 111 at one axial end and an air outlet end 112 at the other axial end, the air inlet end 111 is provided with a first gap 15 on the side facing the controller 2, so that the airflow inside the air inlet end 111 of the wind cover can flow to the controller 2 through the first gap 15; and / or the air outlet end 112 is provided with a second gap 20 on the side facing the controller 2, so that the airflow inside the wind cover 11 can flow to the first cavity 13 through the second gap 20.

[0085] The present application can effectively guide the airflow inside the wind cover to the controller by providing a first gap on the side facing the controller at the air inlet end of the wind cover, so as to cool the controller, and can effectively guide the airflow inside the wind cover near the air outlet end to the controller by providing a second gap on the side facing the controller at the air outlet end of the wind cover, so as to effectively cool the controller, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the controller, ensuring and improving the effective cooling of the controller without increasing the fan speed (without increasing the noise) and without increasing the structure volume, and can simultaneously consider low noise and low temperature rise, while reducing the ventilation noise of the motor and greatly improving the cooling efficiency of the motor and the frequency converter.

[0086] The commonly used cooling and heat dissipation method for the drive integrated permanent magnet synchronous motor mentioned in the prior art is motor self-heat dissipation fan cooling or adding a fan at the tail of the motor for cooling. In order to simultaneously consider the heat dissipation effect of the motor and the controller, the industry often increases the fan diameter or increases the fan power to improve the air intake of the drive system to meet the cooling demand of the drive system. However, increasing the fan diameter or improving the fan power will cause the noise of the drive integrated permanent magnet synchronous motor to be too large, which will cause the drive system to be unable to be applied to some low noise and low temperature rise demand working conditions. The present application aims at the pain point that the drive integrated permanent magnet synchronous motor is difficult to consider low noise and low temperature rise, and designs a combined structure of the rear end cover, the fan blade and the wind cover of the motor; while reducing the ventilation noise of the motor, the cooling efficiency of the motor and the frequency converter is greatly improved. The results of thermal flow simulation and sample trial show that the combined structure design of the volute-shaped wind cover, the fin rear end cover and the low-noise fan blade can greatly improve the cooling efficiency of the drive integrated permanent magnet synchronous motor; and the low-noise fan blade and the volute-shaped wind cover can also maintain the ventilation noise of the drive integrated permanent magnet synchronous motor at a low level.

[0087] In some embodiments,

[0088] The air inlet end 111 of the wind cover 11 is recessed in the direction towards the inside of the wind cover 11 to form a wind channel 16, the wind channel 16 is a tapered cylindrical structure, and the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the wind channel 16 perpendicular to the central axis gradually decreases along the airflow direction.

[0089] This is the preferred structure of the fan cover of the application, that is, the wind channel structure of the necking formed by the recess at the inlet end of the fan cover, through the gradual reduction of the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the wind channel, the flow rate of the airflow can be effectively improved, thereby enhancing the wind gathering effect and the air suction effect of the airflow, and further increasing the air suction volume and improving the heat dissipation performance of the motor and the controller.

[0090] In some embodiments,

[0091] The inner wall of the wind channel 16 is provided with a plurality of first flow guide fins 26, which are arranged on the inner wall of the wind channel 16 and protrude from the inner wall of the wind channel 16, extend from the air inlet end 111 of the fan cover 11 to the outlet end of the wind channel 16, and are arranged in a spaced manner along the circumferential direction of the wind channel 16.

[0092] The application also provides a plurality of first flow guide fins arranged on the inner wall of the wind channel, which can guide the flow direction of the airflow, guide the airflow towards the direction of the fan blade, avoid backflow or vortex, and enhance the structural strength of the wind channel.

[0093] In some embodiments,

[0094] The end of the wind channel 16 in the airflow direction is connected to the air inlet cylinder 18, and the wind channel 16 communicates with the air inlet cylinder 18, so that the airflow in the wind channel 16 can enter the air inlet cylinder 18; one end of the air inlet cylinder 18 is connected to the downstream end of the wind channel 16, and the other end of the air inlet cylinder 18 extends towards the air outlet end 112 of the fan cover 11.

[0095] The application also provides an air inlet cylinder structure connected to the downstream side of the wind channel in the airflow direction, which can constrain and straighten the airflow through the air inlet cylinder, so that the airflow flows orderly to the end cover, fan blade and other positions, and improves the heat dissipation performance.

[0096] In some embodiments,

[0097] The air inlet cylinder 18 is an expanded cylindrical structure, and the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the air inlet cylinder 18 perpendicular to the center axis gradually increases along the airflow direction, and the other end of the air inlet cylinder 18 extends to a distance greater than 0 from the air outlet end 112 to a preset distance from the air outlet end 112.

[0098] The air inlet cylinder of the application is preferably provided as a flared cylindrical structure along the flow direction, which can expand and pressurize the airflow, thereby reducing the flow rate, increasing the pressure, forming the effect of airflow rectification, providing the conditions for orderly flow to the fan blade, reducing chaotic backflow, vortex wind and other phenomena, reducing airflow loss, reducing energy consumption, improving the energy efficiency of the system, and improving the heat dissipation performance of the motor and the controller.

[0099] In some embodiments,

[0100] The air inlet cylinder 18 further comprises an outer layer structure 113 located outside the air inlet cylinder 18, the outer layer structure 113 being a cylindrical structure and comprising a first shaft segment structure 114, the first shaft segment structure 114 being located outside the air inlet cylinder 18, and part of the first shaft segment structure 114 being connected to the outer wall of the air inlet cylinder 18.

[0101] The outer layer structure of the application further comprises a second shaft segment structure 115, the second shaft segment structure 115 being connected to one end of the first shaft segment structure 114 along the axial direction of the airflow flow direction, and the second shaft segment structure 115 being located downstream of the air inlet cylinder 18 along the airflow flow direction, and the second shaft segment structure 115 being located outside at least part of the end cover 9 of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and being spaced apart from the end cover 9.

[0102] In some embodiments,

[0103] The outer layer structure 113 further comprises a second shaft segment structure 115, the second shaft segment structure 115 being connected to one end of the first shaft segment structure 114 along the axial direction of the airflow flow direction, and the second shaft segment structure 115 being located downstream of the air inlet cylinder 18 along the airflow flow direction, and the second shaft segment structure 115 being located outside at least part of the end cover 9 of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and being spaced apart from the end cover 9.

[0104] This is a further preferred structure of the outer layer structure of the application, which can wrap the end cover by the second shaft segment structure, so that the airflow after being pressurized and accelerated by the fan blade contacts the end cover through the guiding effect of the second shaft segment structure, thereby heat exchanging with the end cover (especially through the end cover fins).

[0105] In some embodiments,

[0106] The inner wall of the second shaft section structure 115 is provided with second flow guide fins 25, which are located at the outer periphery of the end cover fins of the end cover 9 and are spaced apart from the end cover fins. The second flow guide fins 25 and the end cover fins jointly act on the airflow to guide the airflow towards the air outlet end 112.

[0107] The second flow guide fins provided on the inner wall of the second shaft section structure are opposite to and spaced apart from the end cover fins, so that the airflow is guided through the end cover fins and the second flow guide fins, thereby increasing the heat exchange area of the end cover and improving the heat exchange effect on the end cover.

[0108] In some embodiments,

[0109] The second flow guide fins 25 extend in the axial direction of the air duct 11, and there are a plurality of second flow guide fins 25, which are spaced apart in the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the second shaft section structure 115. The second flow guide fins of the present application extend in the axial direction of the air duct and are a plurality of second flow guide fins spaced apart in the circumferential direction, which can further increase the heat exchange area with the end cover and improve the heat exchange effect on the end cover.

[0110] In some embodiments,

[0111] The outer layer structure 113 further comprises a third shaft section structure 116 connected to the axial downstream end of the second shaft section structure 115 along the airflow direction. The third shaft section structure 116 is located at the outer periphery of at least part of the structure of the motor housing 6 and is spaced apart from the motor housing 6. Preferably, the inner diameter of the third shaft section structure 116 is greater than the inner diameter of the second shaft section structure 115, and the inner diameter of the second shaft section structure 115 is greater than the inner diameter of the first shaft section structure 114.

[0112] The third shaft section structure of the present application is provided to wrap part of the outer periphery structure of the motor housing, so that the airflow after being pressurized and accelerated by the fan blades can be guided to the part of the outer periphery of the motor housing by the third shaft section structure, thereby effectively cooling the motor. On the basis of the original motor housing outer periphery fins only exchanging heat with the airflow in the air, the heat exchange performance of the motor can be further improved.

[0113] In some embodiments,

[0114] In a plane perpendicular to the axis of the air duct 11, the cross-sectional shape of the air duct 16 is a U-shaped structure, and the opening end of the U-shaped structure is provided with the first notch 15 at the air inlet end 111.

[0115] The air inlet end of the air collecting channel 16 is formed with the first notch 15 by cutting on the opening side of the U-shaped structure; the third shaft segment structure 116, the second shaft segment structure 115 and the first shaft segment structure 114 are formed with the second notch 20 by cutting on the opening side of the U-shaped structure.

[0116] This is the preferred forming method of the first notch structure and the second notch structure formed by the first, second and third shaft segment structures of the air collecting channel of the present application, i.e. Figure 3 The upper end is a flat section, the first notch is formed by cutting at the inlet end, and part of the airflow can be introduced into the controller through the air inlet to heat the controller; the second notch is formed by cutting the upper end of the first shaft segment structure, the second shaft segment structure and the third shaft segment structure on the outer periphery of the air inlet cylinder, so that the airflow after being collected by the air collecting channel and rectified by the air inlet cylinder can be guided to the controller to heat the controller, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the controller.

[0117] In some embodiments,

[0118] The end cover 9 can be connected to the shell 6, and the windward surface 91 of the end cover 9 is provided with a cover fin 200 on at least part of the structure on the side not facing the controller 2, and the windward surface 91 is not provided with a cover fin on the side facing the controller 2, forming a notch structure 19, through which the airflow on the windward surface 91 of the end cover 9 can flow to the first cavity 13.

[0119] The present application can form a notch structure on the side of the end cover facing the controller without setting a cover fin, thereby effectively guiding the airflow flowing through the windward surface of the end cover to the controller to effectively cool the controller, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the controller, ensuring and improving the effective cooling of the controller without increasing the speed of the fan (without increasing the noise) and without increasing the size of the structure, and can simultaneously consider low noise and low temperature rise, while reducing the ventilation noise of the motor and greatly improving the cooling efficiency of the motor and the frequency converter.

[0120] In some embodiments,

[0121] The controller 2 is located above the end cover 9, the notch structure 19 is formed on the upper end of the windward surface 91 of the end cover 9, and the windward surface 91 is an arc surface structure, so that the notch structure 19 is formed as an arc-shaped notch.

[0122] The cover fin 200 includes a first cover fin 21 on the horizontal side of the central axis of the end cover 9, a second cover fin 22 on the other horizontal side of the central axis, and a third cover fin 23 below the central axis, and the upper side of the central axis forms the arc-shaped notch.

[0123] This is the preferred structure between the controller and the end cover of the application, that is, the controller is arranged above the end cover, at this time the application can effectively guide the air flow reaching the windward surface of the end cover to the controller upward through the notch structure formed on the upper end of the windward surface of the end cover, and improve the heat exchange efficiency of the controller.

[0124] This is the preferred arrangement of the cover fin of the application, that is, the first cover fin is arranged on the horizontal side, which can guide the air flow to the side, and after heat exchange with the end cover fin, it is guided to other components (preferably the motor housing) required for heat exchange, the first cover fin is arranged on the other horizontal side, which can guide the air flow to the side, and after heat exchange with the end cover fin, it is guided to other components (preferably the motor housing) required for heat exchange, and the third cover fin is arranged on the lower side in the vertical direction, which can guide the air flow to the side, and after heat exchange with the end cover fin, it is guided to other components (preferably the motor housing) required for heat exchange, so as to improve the heat dissipation of the end cover and further improve the heat dissipation of the left, lower and right sides of the housing, and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor.

[0125] In order to solve the pain point that it is difficult to simultaneously consider low noise and low temperature rise of the driving system in the prior art driving integrated permanent magnet synchronous motor, the technical scheme provides a fin end cover, low noise fan blade and worm type fan combination structure, which can reduce the noise of the motor and greatly improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the driving system.

[0126] 1. The driving integrated permanent magnet synchronous motor relates to a driving integrated permanent magnet synchronous motor mainly composed of a motor 1 and a frequency conversion controller (controller 2). The frequency conversion controller is provided with fixed support plates 3 on both sides, and is integrated with the motor during installation by the support plates. The bottom of the frequency conversion controller is covered with heat dissipation fins 4, which can improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the controller. The motor is mainly composed of a front flange 5, a housing 6, a stator 7, a rotor 8, a rear end cover (end cover 9), a fan blade 10 and a fan cover 11. The above main parts are installed in sequence with the rotor shaft center line as the installation axis. After the installation of the main parts of the motor is completed, the power supply line of the motor is connected with the frequency conversion controller. The frequency conversion controller is fixed on the mounting holes on both sides of the motor housing by screws 12, and the installation of the driving integrated permanent magnet synchronous motor is completed.

[0127] 2. The heat dissipation structure of the motor of the present application is integrated by a fan cover, an end cover and a fan blade, and the fan blade is improved in structure in combination with the structure of the fan cover and the end cover. The height B1.1 of the fan blade extending into the air inlet cylinder, the distance B1.2 between the top of the air inlet cylinder and the surface of the end cover, and the distance B1.3 between the bottom of the fan blade and the surface of the end cover, and B1=B1.1+(B1.2-B1.3). The proportional relationship between B1.1 and the height of the air inlet cylinder is 0.63≤B1.1 / A7≤0.65, and too close or too far of the top of the fan blade to the bottom of the air inlet cylinder will reduce the air inlet amount of the air inlet cylinder. The proportional relationship between B1.3 and B1.2 is 0.12≤B1.3 / B1.2≤0.13, and too large of B1.3 will reduce the fan blade area and affect the heat dissipation efficiency, and too small of B1.3 will affect the air flow trajectory and increase the air flow loss. Therefore, the size relationship 0.63≤B1.1 / A7≤0.65 can improve the air inlet amount of the air inlet cylinder, and the size relationship 0.12≤B1.3 / B1.2≤0.13 can improve the fan blade sweeping area and reduce the air flow loss, thereby maximizing the heat dissipation efficiency; and the low noise and low temperature rise can be simultaneously considered, the motor ventilation noise is reduced, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor and the frequency converter is greatly improved.

[0128] 3. In order to reduce the motor air path loss and improve the heat dissipation efficiency, the shape of the fan cover of the present application is set as a U-shaped volute to wrap the tail end of the motor shell and the end cover, and one large and one small openings are arranged at the upper end of the fan cover for air flow to enter the controller for heat dissipation, the tail part of the fan cover is inwardly recessed to form a wind gathering air duct, the bottom of the wind gathering air duct is provided with an air inlet, and guide vanes are arranged in the air duct to enhance the structural strength and wind gathering effect. The U-shaped part at the lower end of the fan cover can be divided into two layers according to the radius, the diameter of the rear end is smaller, which is used for wrapping the end cover fins, and the diameter of the front end is larger, which is used for wrapping the heat dissipation fins of the left and right and lower end of the motor shell. An air inlet cylinder is arranged at the air inlet of the fan cover, which is used for limiting the flow path of the air flow sucked by the blade.

[0129] 4. The cross section of the motor end cover in the present application is arc-shaped, the top of the arc is a plane, and the circular arc surface adds cover type guide heat dissipation fins. Except the upper part of the end cover, the cover type fins are arranged around the end cover and are divided into three areas to guide the air flow to the left and right and lower motor shell heat dissipation flow channels. The arc-shaped gap without cover type fins on the upper part of the end cover is used to guide the air flow to enter the heat dissipation flow channel formed by the fins on the upper part of the motor shell and the bottom of the controller. The angle of the circular arc cross section of the end cover can ensure that the air flow thrown out of the air inlet cylinder by the fan blade can enter the heat dissipation flow channel along the surface of the end cover in the shortest path, reducing the air flow loss.

[0130] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet synchronous motor, characterized in that: it comprises: a fan blade (10), an end cover (9) and a fan cover (11), an axial height of the fan blade (10) is B1, the fan cover (11) comprises an air inlet cylinder (18) inside, at least part of the structure of the fan blade (10) extends into the air inlet cylinder (18), an axial length of the fan blade (10) extending into the air inlet cylinder (18) is B1.1, a shortest axial distance between the air inlet cylinder (18) towards an axial end of the end cover (9) and a windward surface of the end cover (9) is B1.2, a shortest axial distance between an axial end of the fan blade (10) towards the end cover (9) and the windward surface of the end cover (9) is B1.3, an axial height of the air inlet cylinder (18) along the central axis direction of the fan cover (11) is A7, and B1 = B1.1 + (B1.2 - B1.3), the relationship between B1.1 and A7 satisfies: 0.63≤B1.1 / A7≤0.65; and / or the proportional relationship between B1.3 and B1.2 is 0.12≤B1.3 / B1.2≤0.

13.

2. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: a radius of the fan blade (10) extending into the air inlet cylinder (18) is B2.1, a radius of the fan blade at the intersection position between the plane where the end surface of the air inlet cylinder (18) towards the axial end of the end cover (9) is located and the fan blade (10) is B2.2, a radius of the inner wall of the air inlet end of the air inlet cylinder (18) is A8, and 0.82≤B2.1 / A8≤0.83; and / or 0.8≤B2.2 / A8≤0.

82.

3. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: in a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the fan blade (10), an included angle between the extension direction of the blade of the fan blade (10) and the radial direction is B3, and 20°≤B3≤25°.

4. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the fan blade (10) comprises a sleeve and a blade, the sleeve is in a cylindrical structure and can be sleeved on the rotating shaft, one end of the blade is connected to the outer peripheral wall of the sleeve, and the other end extends in the direction of the radial outside, an axial length of the sleeve is B4, and 0.75≤B4 / B1≤0.

8.

5. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: it further comprises a controller (2) and a machine shell (6), the controller (2) is located on one side of the machine shell (6), a first cavity (13) can be formed between the controller (2) and the machine shell (6), and a second cavity (14) can be formed between the controller (2) and the fan cover (11).

6. The permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air cover (11) is a cylindrical structure having a central axis, comprising an air inlet end (111) at one axial end and an air outlet end (112) at the other axial end, the air inlet end (111) is provided with a first gap (15) on the side facing the controller (2) to enable the airflow inside the air inlet end (111) of the air cover to flow to the controller (2) through the first gap (15); and / or the air outlet end (112) is provided with a second gap (20) on the side facing the controller (2) to enable the airflow inside the air cover (11) to flow to the first cavity (13) through the second gap (20).

7. The permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 6, wherein: The air inlet end (111) of the air cover (11) is recessed in the direction of the inside of the air cover (11) to form a wind channel (16), the wind channel (16) is a tapered cylindrical structure, and the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the wind channel (16) perpendicular to the central axis gradually decreases along the direction of airflow.

8. The permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 7, wherein: A plurality of first flow guide fins (26) are arranged on the inner wall of the wind channel (16), the first flow guide fins (26) are arranged protruding from the inner wall of the wind channel (16), the first flow guide fins (26) extend from the air inlet end (111) of the air cover (11) to the outlet end of the wind channel (16), and a plurality of first flow guide fins (26) are arranged in a spaced manner along the circumferential direction of the wind channel (16).

9. The permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 7, wherein: The downstream end of the wind channel (16) in the direction of airflow is connected to the air inlet cylinder (18), the wind channel (16) communicates with the air inlet cylinder (18) to enable the airflow in the wind channel (16) to enter the air inlet cylinder (18); one end of the air inlet cylinder (18) is connected to the downstream end of the wind channel (16), and the other end of the air inlet cylinder (18) extends towards the air outlet end (112) of the air cover (11).

10. The permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 9, wherein: The air inlet cylinder (18) is a flared cylindrical structure, and the cross-sectional area of the inner wall of the air inlet cylinder (18) perpendicular to the central axis gradually increases along the direction of airflow, and the air inlet cylinder (18) extends towards the air outlet end (112) of the air cover (11) to a preset distance greater than 0 from the air outlet end (112).

11. The permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 9, wherein: The wind cover (11) further comprises an outer layer structure (113) located at the outer periphery of the air inlet duct (16) and the air inlet cylinder (18), the outer layer structure (113) is a cylindrical structure and comprises a first axial segment structure (114), the first axial segment structure (114) is located at the outer periphery of the air inlet duct (16) and the air inlet cylinder (18), part of the first axial segment structure (114) is connected with the outer wall of the air inlet duct (16), and part of the first axial segment structure (114) is located at the outer periphery of the air inlet cylinder (18) and is spaced apart from the air inlet cylinder (18).

12. The permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 11, wherein: The outer layer structure (113) further comprises a second axial segment structure (115), the second axial segment structure (115) is connected to the axial end of the first axial segment structure (114) along the air flow direction, and the second axial segment structure (115) is located on the downstream side of the air inlet cylinder (18) along the air flow direction, the second axial segment structure (115) is located at the outer periphery of at least part of the end cover (9) of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and is spaced apart from the end cover (9).

13. The permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 12, wherein: The inner wall of the second axial segment structure (115) is provided with a second flow guide fin (25), the second flow guide fin (25) is located at the outer periphery of the end cover fin of the end cover (9), and the second flow guide fin (25) is spaced apart from the end cover fin, the second flow guide fin (25) and the end cover fin jointly act on the air flow to guide the air flow to the direction of the air outlet end (112).

14. The permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 12, wherein: The outer layer structure (113) further comprises a third axial segment structure (116), the third axial segment structure (116) is connected to the axial downstream end of the second axial segment structure (115) along the air flow direction, and the third axial segment structure (116) is located at the outer periphery of at least part of the housing (6) of the permanent magnet synchronous motor and is spaced apart from the housing (6).

15. The permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 14, wherein: In a plane perpendicular to the axis of the wind cover (11), the cross-sectional shape of the air inlet duct (16) is a U-shaped structure, and the opening end of the U-shaped structure is provided with the first notch (15) at the air inlet end (111); The air inlet end of the air inlet duct (16) forms the first notch (15) by cutting on the opening side of the U-shaped structure; the third axial segment structure (116), the second axial segment structure (115) and the first axial segment structure (114) located at the outer periphery of the air inlet cylinder (18) form the second notch (20) by cutting on the opening side of the U-shaped structure.

16. The permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 5, wherein: The end cover (9) can be matched with the shell (6), the windward surface (91) of the end cover (9) is provided with a cover type fin (200) on at least part of the structure on the side not facing the controller (2), the windward surface (91) is not provided with a cover type fin on the side facing the controller (2), forming a notch structure (19), through which the airflow on the windward surface (91) of the end cover (9) can flow to the first cavity (13).

17. The permanent magnet synchronous motor of claim 16, wherein: The controller (2) is located above the end cover (9), the notch structure (19) is formed at the upper end of the windward surface (91) of the end cover (9), and the windward surface (91) is an arc surface structure, so that the notch structure (19) is formed as an arc-shaped notch. The cover type fin (200) includes a first cover type fin (21) located on one side of the horizontal direction of the central axis of the end cover (9), a second cover type fin (22) located on the other side of the horizontal direction of the central axis, and a third cover type fin (23) located below the central axis, and the upper side of the central axis forms the arc-shaped notch.

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