Self-powered friction nanoyarn and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses self-power generation friction nano yarn and a preparation method and application thereof. The yarn prepared by the application has self-power generation and self-driving functions, and ordinary fabric structure can realize power generation effect without interlayer combination of the fabric structure as friction material for power generation. The woven fabric has enhanced flexibility and can bear various complex mechanical deformations, such as stretching, twisting, bending and tearing. The woven fabric has excellent structure maintaining capacity and fatigue resistance in wearing and washing processes. The yarn greatly improves the applicability of the friction nano generator fabric, and can be used for clothing, decoration and industry. Moreover, the yarn itself can be used as warp and weft yarn of the friction nano generator fabric, thereby improving the contact area and the electric output performance of the fabric. The preparation process is simple, and large-scale industrial production can be realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of functional spinning, and particularly relates to a self-power generation triboelectric nanoyarn as well as a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is a new type of energy collection and self-powered sensing technology, which can convert distributed mechanical energy into electrical energy through contact electrification and electrostatic induction coupling effect, and has the potential to develop into a new type of energy device.

[0003] Triboelectric nanogenerator based on textiles (T-TENG) has developed rapidly in recent years. Due to the characteristics of lightness, flexibility, wearability and stretchability, T-TENG has broad application prospects in the field of intelligent textiles. Not only can it be used as an implantable medical device and a wearable flexible electronic device to drive a micro device, but also can be used as a self-driven sensor for health detection, human-computer interaction, intelligent auxiliary robots and other fields. There are mainly two design strategies for T-TENG. The first one is to add triboelectric materials in existing textiles, such as integrating triboelectric materials on conductive fabrics through electrospinning, blow spinning or coating. However, the introduction of conductive or triboelectric materials in this way will affect the comfort of wearing textiles. The multi-layer structure also makes the whole system bulky, rigid and not easy to carry. The second method is to design and prepare triboelectric fibers or yarns from one-dimensional structures, and then weave them into two-dimensional or three-dimensional structures. The design method from one-dimensional to two-dimensional gives T-TENG design a high degree of freedom, greatly improving the flexibility of the finished product. T-TENG designed and knitted from triboelectric fibers or yarns has good air permeability and deformability. This method is considered to be the best solution for manufacturing T-TENG. Therefore, designing and manufacturing excellent fiber or yarn-based TENG is the key to the problem.

[0004] The preparation process of fiber / yarn-based TENG realizes the combination of traditional yarns and TENG. Since fiber / yarn-based TENG can be easily integrated into intelligent fabrics or textiles, it shows broad application prospects in wearable power supplies, self-powered sensing, human health monitoring, artificial intelligence and other aspects.

[0005] Chinese patent CN111519300A discloses an elastic friction nanometer power generation yarn and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises: performing conjugated electrospinning on polymers with different electronegativities respectively, taking an elastic conductive fiber electrode as a receiving stage, obtaining an elastic conductive fiber coated with nanofibers of polymers with different electronegativities, and then interweaving and assembling. The elastic friction nanometer power generation yarn prepared by the method has a large specific surface area, and the surface thereof is a nanofiber structure, which is beneficial to improving the contact area of the friction surface and thus improving the output power of the device. However, the yarn of the invention has low electric signal strength in the pressed state, and cannot continuously express feedback information.

[0006] Chinese patent CN116837530A discloses a three-dimensional woven fancy friction nanometer power generation yarn and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises: weaving a plurality of silver-plated conductive yarns and at least one flame-retardant fireproof yarn to obtain a three-dimensional woven fancy friction nanometer power generation yarn; wherein the silver-plated conductive yarns are interlaced to form a woven structure, a part of each flame-retardant fireproof yarn is embedded in the inside of the woven structure under the weaving force of the silver-plated conductive yarns, and the other part is accumulated on the outer layer of the woven structure to form a pile structure due to stress relaxation. The three-dimensional woven fancy friction nanometer power generation yarn of the invention combines flame-retardant fireproof yarn with triboelectricity, ensures excellent triboelectric performance and energy storage performance, and has excellent softness, comfort and flame-retardant fireproof property due to the outer layer of the three-dimensional woven fancy friction nanometer power generation yarn being covered with a large number of soft flame-retardant pile structures. However, the yarn of the invention is processed by weaving yarns, and the softness of the processed yarns is poor, which affects the mechanical properties of the fabric and thus directly affects the durability and wear resistance of the fabric. Even the visual and tactile style of the fabric and the comfort of the human body when wearing the fabric are also affected.

[0007] Therefore, how to overcome the defects of traditional friction nanometer power generation fabric, such as thickness and low conversion efficiency, and enhance the wearability of the fabric is a problem to be solved at present. SUMMARY

[0008] This section is intended to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present application and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the abstract and title of the specification of the present application to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0009] In view of the above and / or problems existing in the prior art, the present application is proposed.

[0010] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a self-power generation friction nanometer yarn.

[0011] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions: comprising,

[0012] friction material I and friction material II, spacer material spirally wrapped between the outer layer of friction material I and the inner layer of friction material II, and electrode material;

[0013] wherein the electrode material is wrapped inside the friction material I or spirally wrapped between the outer layer of friction material I and the inner layer of friction material II, and when the electrode material is spirally wrapped between the outer layer of friction material I and the inner layer of friction material II, the spacer material is spirally wrapped between the outer layer of friction material I and the inner layer of friction material II with a smaller pitch.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the self-generating electricity friction nanometer yarn, the self-generating electricity friction nanometer yarn is self-generating electricity through contact separation of friction material I and friction material II.

[0015] Specifically, when the yarn is pressed, the two friction materials contact each other, and the combination of triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction is used. When the two materials with different electron binding abilities are rubbed against each other, electron transfer occurs due to the different abilities of gaining and losing electrons. When the pressure is removed, the two friction materials are separated due to the action of the spacer material, and a space gap is formed, forming a potential difference. To balance the potential difference, free electrons flow along the electrode material (conductive yarn), at this time, a transient current is formed in the external circuit. As the distance increases, the charge is completely shielded due to the shielding effect of the electrode, at this time, the external circuit current is zero. Then, the pressure is applied again, the two friction materials contact each other, and the reduction of the space gap reduces the potential difference between the two friction materials, and the free electrons flow in the opposite direction, and the reverse electric signal is obtained. Until the two surfaces re-contact, the potential difference reaches balance, and the external circuit current returns to zero. If the contact and separation of the yarn inside occur periodically, alternating current signals will be continuously generated, and the mechanical energy in the human motion process can be collected to convert into electrical energy.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the self-generating electricity friction nanometer yarn, the friction material I is short fibers, short fiber yarn or filaments, including one of wool fibers, silk fibers, nylon 11 fibers, nylon 66 fibers, cotton fibers, polyimide fibers, polyvinyl chloride fibers, polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, and polypropylene fibers.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the self-generating electricity friction nanometer yarn, the friction material II is short fibers, including one of wool fibers, silk fibers, nylon 11 fibers, nylon 66 fibers, cotton fibers, polyimide fibers, polyvinyl chloride fibers, polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, and polypropylene fibers.

[0018] As a preferred scheme of the self-generating electricity friction nanofilament, the spacer material is a neutral filament or short fiber yarn which is not easy to lose or gain electrons, including one of polyester fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, acetate fiber and polyurethane fiber.

[0019] As a preferred scheme of the self-generating electricity friction nanofilament, the electrode material is a filament or short fiber yarn with conductive performance, including one of metal-containing fiber, chemical fiber mixed with conductive medium in polymer and carbon-containing fiber.

[0020] Another object of the present application is to provide a preparation method of the self-generating electricity friction nanofilament, comprising,

[0021] The electrode material is taken as a core, the friction material I is taken as an outer packaging material in the form of loose fiber to perform the first core wrapping on a friction spinning machine to obtain the core material I;

[0022] The core material I is taken as a core, the spacer material is taken as an outer packaging material to perform the first wrapping on a fancy twisting machine to obtain the core material II;

[0023] The core material II is taken as a core, the friction material II is taken as an outer packaging material in the form of loose fiber to perform the wrapping again on the friction spinning machine to obtain the self-generating electricity friction nanofilament with a core;

[0024] Further comprising,

[0025] The friction material I is taken as a core, the electrode material is taken as an outer packaging material to perform the first wrapping on the friction spinning machine to obtain the core material I;

[0026] The core material I is taken as a core, the spacer material is taken as an outer packaging material to perform the second wrapping on the fancy twisting machine to obtain the core material II;

[0027] The core material II is taken as a core, the friction material II is taken as an outer packaging material in the form of loose fiber to perform the wrapping again on the friction spinning machine to obtain the self-generating electricity friction nanofilament without a core.

[0028] As a preferred scheme of the preparation method of the self-generating electricity friction nanofilament, the twisting degree of the fancy twisting machine in the spinning process of the self-generating electricity friction nanofilament with a core is 100-500 T / m.

[0029] As a preferred scheme of the preparation method of the self-generating electricity friction nanofilament, the twisting degree of the fancy twisting machine in the spinning process of the self-generating electricity friction nanofilament without a core is 100-500 T / m, the twisting degree of the fancy twisting machine in the first wrapping is different from the twisting degree of the fancy twisting machine in the second wrapping.

[0030] Another object of the present application is to provide an application of the self-power generation friction nanoscale yarn in preparing a textile-based friction nanogenerator.

[0031] Advantages of the present application:

[0032] (1) The cored self-power generation friction nanogenerator yarn of the present application has a spacer material between the two friction materials, and the yarn itself is under the action of the spacer material. When the human body moves, the two friction materials are constantly in contact and separation, which will continuously generate an electric signal, can generate triboelectricity and have energy storage effect, and can also achieve the functions of flame retardation, heat insulation, warmth retention, and comfort.

[0033] (2) The cored self-power generation friction nanogenerator yarn of the present application has an electrode material between the two friction materials, and the spacer material is wrapped with a smaller pitch. When the human body moves, the two friction materials are constantly in contact and separation, which will continuously generate an electric signal, can generate triboelectricity and have energy storage effect, and the electric signal can be output by the electrode material. The yarn can be directly woven into various fabric structures to achieve charge output, and has higher added value while being comfortable and multifunctional.

[0034] (3) The yarn prepared by the present application has self-power generation and self-driving functions, and does not need to be combined with the interlayer of the fabric structure as a friction material to generate electricity. Ordinary fabric structures can achieve the effect of generating electricity, and the woven fabric has enhanced flexibility and can withstand various complex mechanical deformations such as stretching, twisting, bending, and tearing. It shows excellent structure retention and fatigue resistance during wearing and washing. Such yarn greatly improves the applicability of the friction nanogenerator fabric, and can be used for clothing, decoration, and industry. Moreover, the yarn itself can be used as the warp and weft yarn of the friction nanogenerator fabric, thereby increasing the contact area and improving the electrical output performance of the fabric. The preparation process is simple, and large-scale industrial production can be realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor. Among them:

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the first core wrapping in the embodiment 1 of the present application (1-friction material I, 2-electrode material, 3-spacer material).

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the first wrapping in the embodiment 1 of the present application (1-friction material I, 2-electrode material, 3-spacer material, 4-friction material II).

[0038] Figure 3 Cross sectional view of the yarn produced in Example 1 of the present application (1 - friction material I, 2 - electrode material, 3 - spacer material, 4 - friction material II, 5 - irregular gaps formed by the spacer material 3 spirally wound on the outer surface of the friction material I after the yarn formation).

[0039] Figure 4 Actual cross sectional view of the yarn produced in Example 1 of the present application.

[0040] Figure 5 Electrical output performance of the yarn produced in Example 1 of the present application cut into different lengths.

[0041] Figure 6 Actual cross sectional view of the yarn produced in Example 2 of the present application.

[0042] Figure 7 Schematic view of the first wrapping in Example 3 of the present application (1 - friction material I, 2 - electrode material, 3 - spacer material).

[0043] Figure 8 Schematic view of the first core wrapping in Example 3 of the present application (1 - friction material I, 2 - electrode material, 3 - spacer material, 4 - friction material II).

[0044] Figure 9 Cross sectional view of the yarn produced in Example 3 of the present application (1 - friction material I, 2 - electrode material, 3 - spacer material, 4 - friction material II, 5 - irregular gaps formed by the spacer material 3 spirally wound on the outer layer of the friction material I and electrode material after the yarn formation).

[0045] Figure 10 Actual cross sectional view of the yarn produced in Example 3 of the present application.

[0046] Figure 11 Actual cross sectional view of the yarn produced in Example 4 of the present application.

[0047] Figure 12 Drafting plan of the fabric produced in Example 5 of the present application.

[0048] Figure 13 Actual view of the self-power generating fabric produced in Example 5 of the present application.

[0049] Figure 14 Electrical output performance of the self-power generating fabric produced in Example 5 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the description and examples.

[0051] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application can be practiced without the specific details set forth in this description, that the present application can be practiced with other devices, and that variations of those details are and will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the scope of the present application is determined by the appended claims, rather than by the description in the following.

[0052] Secondly, the "one embodiment" or "embodiment" referred to herein is intended to mean a specific feature, structure, or characteristic under at least one implementation of the present application. The "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in the specification does not mean the same embodiment, nor is it an embodiment that is independent or alternative to other embodiments.

[0053] In the present application, the electrical output performance is measured by beating different lengths of yarn and fabric with a beating instrument;

[0054] In the present application, the yarn strength is measured by a fabric strength instrument.

[0055] The raw materials or equipment used in the present application are not specially described and are commonly available in the art.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] Referring to Figures 1 to 5 The present embodiment provides a preparation method of a core self-generating rubbing nanometer power yarn, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0058] Referring to Figure 1 Taking the electrode material (silver-plated chinlon filament) as the core and the rubbing material I (wool fiber yarn) as the outer wrapping material in the form of loose fibers, the first core wrapping is performed on a rubbing spinning machine to obtain core material I;

[0059] The rubbing spinning machine process parameters are as follows: the speed of the licker-in roller is 2400 r / min, the speed of the dust cage is 2280 r / min, and the spinning speed is 200 m / min.

[0060] Taking the core material I as the core and the interval material (polyester yarn) as the outer wrapping material, the first wrapping is performed on a fancy twisting machine to obtain core material II;

[0061] The fancy twisting machine process parameters are as follows: the speed of the wrapping hollow spindle is 2000 r / min, the twisting degree is 200 T / m, and the speed ratio is 1.

[0062] Referring to Figure 2 Taking the core material II as the core and the rubbing material II (polyimide fiber) as the outer wrapping material in the form of loose fibers, the second wrapping is performed on the rubbing spinning machine to obtain the core self-generating rubbing nanometer power yarn, the schematic diagram of the cross section thereof is shown in Figure 3 , and the actual cross section diagram thereof is shown in Figure 4 .

[0063] The continuous yarn obtained was cut into 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 cm respectively, and the electrical output performance of the self-powered friction nanometer power generation yarn under different lengths was determined, and the results are shown in Table 1. Figure 5 And as shown in Table 1, the mechanical properties of the 50 cm fabric were determined by using a fabric strength tester under different clamping distances, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0064] Table 1 Maximum and minimum voltage values of core friction nanometer power generation yarns with different lengths

[0065] Yarn length Maximum value / V Minimum value / V 10 cm 4.96 -3.04 20 cm 7.28 -4.00 30 cm 11.40 -8.00 40 cm 13.20 -14.00 50 cm 15.80 -10.20

[0066] Table 2 Mechanical properties of core friction nanometer power generation yarns determined under different clamping distances

[0067] Different grip distances Breaking force / N Extension / mm Elongation / % Breaking work / J 50 mm 57.48 36.35 72.40 0.12 100 mm 55.35 51.65 57.44 0.17 200 mm 54.88 102.19 184.35 0.31

[0068] It can be seen that the self-powered friction nanometer power generation yarn prepared in the embodiment has good electrical output performance and mechanical properties under any length.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] The difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the material types of friction material I and friction material II are exchanged, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0071] Take the electrode material (silver-plated nylon filament) as the core, and the friction material I (polyimide fiber) as the outer wrapping material in the form of loose fiber, and perform the first core wrapping on the friction spinning machine to obtain core material I;

[0072] Take the core material I as the core, and the spacer material (polyester yarn) as the outer wrapping material, and perform the first wrapping on the fancy twisting machine to obtain core material II;

[0073] Take the core material II as the core, and the friction material II (wool fiber yarn) as the outer wrapping material in the form of loose fiber, and perform the wrapping again on the friction spinning machine, and the rest of the process parameters are the same as those of Example 1, to obtain the core self-powered friction nanometer power generation yarn of this embodiment, and the cross-sectional physical map thereof is shown in Figure 6 .

[0074] The continuous yarn obtained was cut into 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 cm respectively, and the electrical output performance of the self-powered friction nanometer power generation yarn under different lengths was determined, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0075] Table 3

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] It can be seen that the self-generating friction nanometer power generation yarns of different lengths in the embodiment all have good electrical output performance, but the electrical output performance of the yarn with wool fiber as the outermost material is slightly reduced compared with the yarn with polyimide fiber as the outermost material.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] The embodiment provides a preparation method of a coreless self-generating friction nanometer power generation yarn, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0081] Referring to Figure 7 Taking friction material I (wool fiber yarn) as the core and electrode material (silver-plated chinlon filament) as the outer wrapping material, the first wrapping is performed on a fancy twisting machine to obtain core material I;

[0082] The process parameters of the first wrapping on the fancy twisting machine are as follows: hollow spindle speed 2000 r / min, twisting degree 200 T / m, and speed ratio 1.

[0083] Taking core material I as the core and interval material (polyester yarn) as the outer wrapping material, the second wrapping is performed on a fancy twisting machine to obtain core material II;

[0084] The process parameters of the second wrapping on the fancy twisting machine are as follows: hollow spindle speed 2000 r / min, twisting degree 150 T / m, and speed ratio 1.

[0085] Referring to Figure 8 Taking core material II as the core and friction material II (polyimide fiber) as the outer wrapping material in the form of loose fiber to completely wrap the outer side of core material II, the first core wrapping is performed on a friction spinning machine to obtain a coreless self-generating friction nanometer power generation yarn.

[0086] The process parameters of the friction spinning machine are as follows: roller speed 2400 r / min, dust cage speed 2280 r / min, and spinning speed 200 m / min.

[0087] The cross-sectional schematic diagram of the obtained coreless self-generating friction nanometer power generation yarn is as shown in Figure 9 The cross-sectional actual diagram is as shown in Figure 10 The obtained continuous yarn is cut into 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm and 50 cm respectively, and the electrical output performance of the coreless self-generating friction nanometer power generation yarn under different lengths is determined, and the results are as shown in Table 4.

[0088] Table 4

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] It can be seen that the coreless self-generating friction nanometer power generation yarn prepared in the embodiment has good electrical output performance at any length.

[0092] Example 4

[0093] The difference between the embodiment and example 4 is that the difference between the embodiment and example 1 is that the material types of friction material I and friction material II are exchanged, and the specific preparation process is as follows:

[0094] Taking friction material I (polyimide fiber) as the core and electrode material (silver-plated polyamide filament) as the outer wrapping material, the first wrapping is carried out on the fancy twisting machine to obtain core material I;

[0095] Taking core material I as the core and spacer material (polyester yarn) as the outer wrapping material, the second wrapping is carried out on the fancy twisting machine to obtain core material II;

[0096] Taking core material II as the core and friction material II (wool fiber yarn) as the outer wrapping material in the form of loose fibers to completely wrap the outside of core material II, the first core spinning is carried out on the friction spinning machine to obtain the coreless self-generating friction nanometer power generation yarn of the embodiment. The cross-sectional physical map thereof is shown in Figure 11 The continuous yarn is cut into 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 cm respectively, and the electrical output performance of the coreless self-generating friction nanometer power generation yarn at different lengths is measured, and the results are shown in Table 5.

[0097] Table 5

[0098] Yarn length Maximum value / V Minimum value / V 10 cm 0.96 -1.44 20 cm 1.36 -2.00 30 cm 2.00 -3.04 40 cm 2.4 -3.60 50 cm 2.56 -3.92

[0099] It can be seen that the self-generating friction nanometer power generation yarn of different lengths in the embodiment has good electrical output performance, but the electrical output performance of the wool fiber as the outermost material is slightly lower than that of the polyimide fiber as the outermost material.

[0100] Example 5

[0101] With reference to Figures 12 to 13 , the embodiment provides an application of the self-generating friction nanometer yarn prepared in example 1 in the preparation of a self-generating fabric, specifically:

[0102] Selection of warp and weft yarns: the warp yarns use 14.2x2 tex polyester strands, and the weft yarns use the friction nanometer power generation yarn of example 1;

[0103] Warping process: SGA211 type high-speed warping machine is used, which uses adjustable double-column tensioner, and the tension can be adjusted in several grades, the tension is uniform, and the fluctuation is small.

[0104] Sleying process: using forward sleying method;

[0105] Reeding process: select metric reed number 80 reed teeth, adopt two entries;

[0106] Opening: adopt the process principle of "small opening, early opening, large tension";

[0107] According to the spinning diagram shown in Figure 12 , the self-powered fabric as shown in Figure 13 is obtained, and the electrical output performance is measured, and the results are shown in Figure 14 . The output voltage reaches 138V.

[0108] Example 6

[0109] This example is used to explore the influence of different types of friction materials on the electrical output performance and mechanical properties of the prepared yarn during the preparation process of the core friction nanometer power yarn. The difference between this example and example 1 is that:

[0110] The type of friction material I is adjusted to be one of wool fiber, silk fiber, cotton fiber and nylon fiber, and the rest of the process parameters are referred to example 1. The friction nanometer power yarn prepared by different friction materials is obtained, 50cm long is cut off, and the electrical output performance and the breaking strength under 50mm clamping distance are measured. The results are shown in table 6.

[0111] Table 6

[0112] Friction material I type Electric output / V Strength / N Wool 15.80 57.48 Silk 14.93 47.00 Cotton 12.80 37.80 Nylon 16.70 42.00

[0113] From table 6, it can be seen that different types of friction material I have a significant influence on the performance of the prepared yarn. Wool fiber as friction material I has the optimal electrical output performance and mechanical properties.

[0114] Example 7

[0115] This example is used to explore the influence of different types of friction materials on the electrical output performance and mechanical properties of the prepared yarn during the preparation process of the core friction nanometer power yarn. The difference between this example and example 2 is that:

[0116] The type of friction material II is adjusted to be one of wool fiber, silk fiber, cotton fiber and nylon fiber, and the rest of the process parameters are referred to example 2. The friction nanometer power yarn prepared by different friction materials is obtained, 50cm long is cut off, and the electrical output performance and the breaking strength under 50mm clamping distance are measured. The results are shown in table 7.

[0117] Table 7

[0118] Friction material II type Electric output / V Strength / N Wool 9.60 50.00 Silk 8.82 49.00 Cotton 7.91 48.86 Nylon 12.34 51.00

[0119] From Table 7, it can be seen that after changing the types of the friction materials I and II, different types of the friction material II have a significant influence on the performance of the prepared yarn, and still the wool fiber as the friction material II can give consideration to the optimal electrical output performance and mechanical performance.

[0120] Example 8

[0121] This example is used to explore the influence of different types of friction materials on the electrical output performance and mechanical performance of the prepared yarn in the preparation process of the coreless friction nanometer power generation yarn, which is different from Example 3 in that:

[0122] The type of the friction material I is adjusted to be one of wool fiber, silk fiber, cotton fiber and nylon fiber, and the rest of the process parameters are referred to Example 3, and the friction nanometer power generation yarn prepared by different friction materials is obtained, 50 cm long is cut off, and the electrical output performance and the breaking strength under 50 mm clamping distance are measured, and the results are shown in Table 8.

[0123] Table 8

[0124] Friction material I type Electric output / V Strength / N Wool 5.25 55.00 Silk 5.03 53.60 Cotton 4.68 55.86 Nylon 6.23 51.00

[0125] From Table 8, it can be seen that different types of the friction material I have a significant influence on the electrical output performance of the prepared coreless yarn, and have a lower influence on the mechanical performance, and the nylon fiber as the friction material I has the optimal electrical output performance.

[0126] Example 9

[0127] This example is used to explore the influence of different types of friction materials on the electrical output performance and mechanical performance of the prepared yarn in the preparation process of the coreless friction nanometer power generation yarn, which is different from Example 4 in that:

[0128] The type of the friction material II is adjusted to be one of wool fiber, silk fiber, cotton fiber and nylon fiber, and the rest of the process parameters are referred to Example 4, and the friction nanometer power generation yarn prepared by different friction materials is obtained, 50 cm long is cut off, and the electrical output performance and the breaking strength under 50 mm clamping distance are measured, and the results are shown in Table 9.

[0129] Table 9

[0130] Friction material II type Electric output / V Strength / N Wool 2.56 65.12 Silk 2.53 62.00 Cotton 2.03 61.20 Nylon 3.32 61.50

[0131] From Table 9, it can be seen that after changing the types of the friction materials I and II, different types of the friction material II have a certain influence on the electrical output performance and mechanical performance of the prepared coreless yarn, and the electrical output performance of the nylon fiber is optimal.

[0132] Example 10

[0133] This embodiment is used to explore the core friction nanometer power yarn preparation process, the first time, different fancy twisting machine twist degree on the technical effect of the influence, with example 1 different lies in:

[0134] Adjust the twist degree is 100, 200, 300, 400, 500T / m, the rest of the process parameters are referred to in example 1, get different twist degree of friction nanometer power yarn, intercept 50 cm long, determine its electrical output performance and 50 mm under the clamping distance of breaking strength, the results are shown in table 10.

[0135] Table 10

[0136] Overtwist Electric output / V Strength / N 100 13.09 50.69 200 15.80 57.48 300 14.65 65.76 400 13.25 69.68 500 11.69 70.18

[0137] Example 11

[0138] This embodiment is used to explore the core friction nanometer power yarn preparation process, the first time, different fancy twisting machine twist degree on the technical effect of the influence, with example 3 different lies in:

[0139] Adjust the twist degree of the first time is 100, 150, 200, 250, 300T / m, the rest of the process parameters are referred to in example 3, get different twist degree of friction nanometer power yarn, intercept 50 cm long, determine its electrical output performance and 50 mm under the clamping distance of breaking strength, the results are shown in table 11.

[0140] Table 11

[0141] Overtwist Electric output / V Strength / N 100 3.28 50.67 150 4.35 53.24 200 5.25 55.08 250 4.63 59.57 300 3.59 61.23

[0142] Example 12

[0143] This embodiment is used to explore the core friction nanometer power yarn preparation process, the second time, different fancy twisting machine twist degree on the technical effect of the influence, with example 3 different lies in:

[0144] Adjust the twist degree of the second time is 50, 100, 150, 200, 250T / m, the rest of the process parameters are referred to in example 3, get different twist degree of friction nanometer power yarn, intercept 50 cm long, determine its electrical output performance and 50 mm under the clamping distance of breaking strength, the results are shown in table 12.

[0145] Table 12

[0146] Overtwist Electric output / V Strength / N 50 3.37 49.14 100 4.19 53.51 150 5.25 55.08 200 4.54 54.14 250 3.69 52.42

[0147] From Table 10 to Table 12, it can be seen that the twisting degree has a significant influence on the technical effect in the preparation process of both the cored nanogenerator yarn and the non-cored nanogenerator yarn, which is because the power generation mechanism of the self-power generation friction nanoyarn of the application is that the movement of the human body or the object will cause the contact separation of the friction material I and the friction material II, and the contact separation is caused by the gap formed by the spiral wrapping of the spacer material in the middle layer of the friction material I and the friction material II, and the twisting degree during spinning will affect the size of the gap, thus causing the performance difference of the yarn.

[0148] Comparative Example 1

[0149] Reference Helical Fiber Strain Sensors Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Self Powered Human Respiratory Monitoring, Chuan Ning, Renwei Cheng, Yang Jiang, Feifan Sheng, Jia Yi, Shen Shen, Yihan Zhang, Xiao Peng, Kai Dong, and Zhonglin Wang;

[0150] According to its record,

[0151] Two friction materials with different electrical properties (PFTE and nylon fibers) are woven on the electrode material (Ag coating) to form a core yarn, and then alternately wrapped on the stretchable base core yarn. By stretching the yarn with external force, the contact between the two materials with different electrical properties causes electron transfer to form an electric current. After the external force is removed, the two friction materials separate. The yarn is made into a fabric with an output voltage of 40V, which is much lower than 138V of the application.

[0152] Comparative Example 2

[0153] Reference CN111519300A, an elastic friction nanogenerator yarn and a preparation method thereof;

[0154] According to its record,

[0155] A plurality of spandex is used as the central axis, and a plurality of silver-plated nylon fibers are spirally wrapped on the spandex to form an elastic conductive fiber as a receiving stage. PVDF and PHBV are respectively coated on the surface of the elastic conductive fiber electrode to obtain a PVDF-coated elastic conductive fiber electrode and a PVDF-coated elastic conductive fiber electrode.

[0156] Two of the above prepared PVDF coated elastic conductive fiber electrodes and two PVDF coated elastic conductive fiber electrodes are selected, interlaced for 3 turns, and assembled to form an elastic friction nanometer power generation yarn, and under the condition of a tensile ratio of 100% and a tensile frequency of 2 Hz, an output voltage of about 8V is obtained, compared with the present application, the yarn has low electric signal strength in the pressed state and cannot continuously express feedback information.

[0157] Comparative Example 3

[0158] Refer to CN116837530A, a three-dimensional woven fancy friction nanometer power generation yarn and its preparation method and application;

[0159] According to its record,

[0160] A plurality of silver-plated conductive wires and at least one fireproof yarn are interwoven, wherein the silver-plated conductive yarns are interlaced to form a woven structure, a part of each fireproof yarn is embedded in the woven structure under the interweaving force of the silver-plated conductive yarns, and the other part is accumulated on the outer layer of the woven structure to form a pile structure due to stress relaxation, and the mechanical properties are much lower than those of the present application.

[0161] In summary, the core-free self-power generation friction nanometer power generation yarn of the present application has a spiral wrapping spacing material between the two friction materials, and the yarn itself is under the action of the spacing material, the two friction materials are constantly in contact and separation during human movement, which will continuously generate electric signals, can generate triboelectricity and have energy storage effect, and can block fire, heat and keep warm, comfortable and realize multiple functions.

[0162] The core-free self-power generation friction nanometer power generation yarn of the present application has a spiral wrapping electrode material between the two friction materials, and the spacing material is wrapped with a smaller pitch, and the two friction materials are constantly in contact and separation during human movement, which will continuously generate electric signals, can generate triboelectricity and have energy storage effect, and the electric signals can be output by the electrode material, can be directly woven into various fabric structures, and can realize electric charge output, comfortable and multifunctional, and has higher added value.

[0163] The yarn prepared by the present application has self-power generation and self-driving functions, does not need to generate power by interlayer combination of the fabric structure as friction material, and ordinary fabric structure can realize power generation effect, the woven fabric has enhanced flexibility and can withstand various complex mechanical deformations such as stretching, twisting, bending and tearing. It shows excellent structure retention and fatigue resistance during wearing and washing. Such yarn greatly improves the applicability of the friction nanometer generator fabric, which can be used for wearing, decoration and industry, and because the yarn itself can be used as the warp and weft of the friction nanometer generator fabric, the contact area is increased to improve the electric output performance of the fabric, the preparation process is simple, and large-scale industrial production can be realized.

[0164] It should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not to limit the present application. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or equivalently replaced, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application, which should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a self-generating friction nanoyarn, characterized in that: the self-generating friction nanoyarn comprises a self-generating friction nanoyarn with a core and a self-generating friction nanoyarn without a core, friction material I and friction material II with opposite electrical properties, spacer material spirally wrapped around the outer layer of the friction material I and the inner layer of the friction material II, and electrode material; wherein the electrode material is wrapped inside the friction material I or spirally wrapped around the outer layer of the friction material I and the inner layer of the friction material II, and when the electrode material is spirally wrapped around the outer layer of the friction material I and the inner layer of the friction material II, the spacer material is spirally wrapped around the outer layer of the friction material I and the inner layer of the friction material II with a smaller pitch; the method for preparing the self-generating friction nanoyarn with a core comprises: taking the electrode material as the core, taking the friction material I in the form of loose fibers as the outer wrapping material to perform the first core wrapping on a friction spinning machine to obtain core material I; taking the core material I as the core and taking the spacer material as the outer wrapping material to perform the first wrapping on a fancy twisting machine to obtain core material II; taking the core material II as the core and taking the friction material II in the form of loose fibers as the outer wrapping material to perform the second wrapping on the friction spinning machine to obtain the self-generating friction nanoyarn with a core, wherein the over-twist of the fancy twisting machine is 100-500 T / m; the method for preparing the self-generating friction nanoyarn without a core comprises: taking the friction material I as the core and taking the electrode material as the outer wrapping material to perform the first wrapping on a friction spinning machine to obtain core material I; taking the core material I as the core and taking the spacer material as the outer wrapping material to perform the second wrapping on a fancy twisting machine to obtain core material II; taking the core material II as the core and taking the friction material II in the form of loose fibers as the outer wrapping material to perform the third wrapping on the friction spinning machine to obtain the self-generating friction nanoyarn without a core, wherein the over-twist of the first wrapping fancy twisting machine is 100-500 T / m, the over-twist of the second wrapping fancy twisting machine is 100-500 T / m, and the twist of the first wrapping is different from the twist of the second wrapping. The self-generating friction nanoyarn realizes self-generating through the contact separation of the friction material I and the friction material II. The friction material I is short fibers, short fiber yarn or filaments, and comprises one of wool fibers, silk fibers, nylon 11 fibers, nylon 66 fibers, cotton fibers, polyimide fibers, polyvinyl chloride fibers, polytetrafluoroethylene fibers and polypropylene fibers. The friction material II is short fibers, and comprises one of wool fibers, silk fibers, nylon 11 fibers, nylon 66 fibers, cotton fibers, polyimide fibers, polyvinyl chloride fibers, polytetrafluoroethylene fibers and polypropylene fibers. The spacer material is neutral filaments or short fiber yarns that are not prone to electron loss and gain, and comprises one of polyester fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, acetate fibers and polyurethane fibers. The electrode material is filaments or short fiber yarns with conductive properties, and comprises one of metal-containing fibers, chemical fibers with conductive medium mixed in polymers and carbon-containing fibers. 7.The self-generating friction nanoyarn prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-5 is applied to the preparation of a textile-based friction nanogenerator.

2. The method for preparing self-generating triboelectric nanofibers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 3. The method for preparing self-generating triboelectric nanofibers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 4. The method for preparing self-generating triboelectric nanofibers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 5. The method for preparing self-generating triboelectric nanofibers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 6. The method for preparing self-generating triboelectric nanofibers as described in claim 1, characterized in that: ​ ​

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