A subway shaft construction safety intelligent monitoring and early warning and management system

Abstract

The application discloses a subway shaft construction safety intelligent monitoring, early warning and management system and belongs to the field of underground engineering and geotechnical engineering construction methods.The system comprises a monitoring element, a data acquisition system, a data intelligent analysis system and a data intelligent management terminal.The system adopts the above-mentioned subway shaft construction safety intelligent monitoring, early warning and management system, adopts an artificial intelligence method, performs real-time monitoring, risk prediction and intelligent management on subway shaft construction and operation, improves the toughness of the shaft, controls risks and improves engineering quality, and has good economic and social benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering and geotechnical engineering construction methods, and in particular to a smart monitoring, early warning and management system for the safety of subway shaft construction. Background Technology

[0002] Subway shaft construction is a crucial component of subway development, often located near major urban roads. The surrounding underground pipelines and building environment are highly complex, and the construction work area is relatively small, leading to numerous uncertainties during construction. With increasing urban building density, the proximity of shaft construction to nearby buildings is becoming increasingly common. Similar to open-cut foundation pits, shaft excavation inevitably disturbs the surrounding environment, altering the stress and seepage fields in the initial strata. This causes displacement and deformation of the soil and rock, resulting in settlement, tilting, and even cracking of the surrounding surface and adjacent buildings. In severe cases, this can lead to economic losses and even endanger the safety of buildings and nearby residents. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a smart monitoring, early warning and management system for subway shaft construction safety. It adopts artificial intelligence methods to monitor, predict risks and manage the construction and operation of subway shafts in real time, improve the resilience of shafts, control risks and improve project quality, and has good economic and social benefits.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a smart monitoring, early warning and management system for the construction safety of subway shafts, including monitoring elements, a data acquisition system, a data intelligent analysis system and a data intelligent management terminal;

[0005] The monitoring elements include structural strain sensors, tilt angle sensors, horizontal displacement sensors, vertical displacement sensors, shaft convergence sensors, structural vibration sensors, structural crack sensors, support axial force sensors, anchor bolt or anchor stress sensors, groundwater seepage flow sensors, and groundwater level sensors.

[0006] The data acquisition system includes a data collector, data acquisition software, intelligent data heartbeat packet, communication gateway, and data communication protocol;

[0007] The data intelligence analysis system includes an unstructured database module, a multi-source data fusion analysis module, a numerical simulation analysis module, and an intelligent decision-making module;

[0008] The data intelligent management terminal includes an intelligent early warning and forecasting system, an automatic analysis report generation system, a data management system, and a data disaster recovery system.

[0009] Preferably, the monitoring element is a device or apparatus that can sense a specified measurand and convert it into a usable signal according to a certain rule. It consists of four parts: a sensitive element, a conversion element, a conversion circuit, and an auxiliary power supply. It collects physical quantity information of various structures and the environment to achieve automatic detection and automatic control.

[0010] Preferably, the structural strain sensor monitors the stress and its variation in the concrete structure of the shaft; the tilt angle sensor monitors the degree of tilt and its variation; the horizontal displacement sensor monitors the horizontal deformation and its variation in the shaft retaining structure; the vertical displacement sensor monitors the vertical deformation and its variation in the ground; the shaft convergence sensor monitors the deformation caused by compression of the shaft retaining structure; the structural vibration sensor monitors the vibration velocity and vibration acceleration of the shaft structure; the structural crack sensor monitors the size and its variation in the cracks in the structure; the support axial force sensor monitors the magnitude and its variation in the axial force of the shaft support structure; the anchor bolt or anchor stress sensor monitors the magnitude and its variation in the stress of the shaft anchoring structure; the groundwater seepage flow sensor monitors the amount and variation in groundwater seepage from the shaft retaining structure; and the groundwater level sensor monitors the groundwater level and its variation around the shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the data acquisition system is for collecting, identifying, recording, and transmitting sensor signals; the data acquisition device automatically collects non-electrical or electrical signals from the analog and digital measured units of the device under test and sends them to the host computer for analysis and processing. The data acquisition device includes a central processing unit and a memory, adopts a remote wireless serial port protocol, low-power silent intelligent data acquisition, and timed intelligent interactive data transmission via a 5G network; the data acquisition software performs visualized report definition, review relationship definition, report approval and publication, data entry, data preprocessing, data review, and comprehensive query and statistics; the intelligent data heartbeat packet is a user-defined command word that maintains long-term data connections and keeps the connection alive, periodically notifying the other party of its status between the client and the server; the communication gateway realizes network interconnection and provides filtering and security functions; the data communication protocol adopts the Modbus ASCII serial port protocol, in which any node is defined as the master node and other communicating nodes are slave nodes.

[0012] Preferably, the data intelligence analysis system includes a structured and unstructured information management layer for data transformation, statistical analysis and back analysis, and the establishment of intelligent analysis models for decision-making and early warning. The unstructured database module processes structured data, including semi-structured and unstructured data. The multi-source data fusion analysis module performs joint analysis, correlation analysis, and combination analysis on multi-source data and information to obtain more accurate location and identity estimations, establish risk assessment and prediction models, and conduct risk early warning. The numerical simulation analysis module establishes simulation models describing the system structure or behavioral processes and possessing certain logical or quantitative relationships based on the properties of each element and their interrelationships, and conducts experimental or quantitative analysis. The intelligent decision-making module uses advanced reporting tools to customize various types of forms and report formats, realizes data aggregation and analysis, and generates various reports and views.

[0013] Preferably, the data intelligent management terminal includes a management operation interface for intelligent, integrated, and coordinated management of the system and data; wherein the intelligent early warning and forecasting system performs three-level early warning and three-level risk management according to different structural types and data types, including pop-up window function, SMS notification function, and historical information query function; the automatic analysis report generation system automatically generates analysis reports according to different projects, locations, types, and time periods; the data management system is responsible for data cleaning, regular data backup, and download management; and the data disaster recovery system is responsible for system security management and automatic vulnerability repair functions.

[0014] Therefore, the present invention employs the above-mentioned intelligent monitoring, early warning and management system for subway shaft construction safety, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] (1) There are many types of sensors, and they are suitable for various types of monitoring projects. They are connected to the data acquisition unit with anti-interference shielded cable, which has good signal fidelity and low noise.

[0016] (2) It adopts a remote wireless serial port protocol, which does not require cable connection and uses a battery to provide uninterrupted power supply around the clock, so as to avoid data loss due to power failure and affect the integrity of the data.

[0017] (3) It has data disaster recovery system functions, such as system security management and automatic vulnerability repair, which can save a lot of manpower and material resources and effectively improve economic and social benefits.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a system flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a model diagram of the monitoring point layout according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a screenshot of the system homepage interface according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the real-time data interface of the system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a diagram of the system linkage analysis interface in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the system prediction data interface in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Example

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Reference Figure 1-6 This invention discloses a smart monitoring, early warning and management system for the construction safety of subway shafts, including monitoring elements, a data acquisition system, a data intelligent analysis system and a data intelligent management system.

[0028] The monitoring components include: structural strain sensors, tilt angle sensors, horizontal displacement sensors, vertical displacement sensors, shaft convergence sensors, structural vibration sensors, structural crack sensors, support axial force sensors, anchor bolt or anchor stress sensors, groundwater seepage flow sensors, and groundwater level sensors, etc.

[0029] The data acquisition system includes: data acquisition device, data acquisition software, intelligent data heartbeat packet, communication gateway and data communication protocol, etc.

[0030] The data intelligence analysis system includes: an unstructured database module, a multi-source data fusion analysis module, a numerical simulation analysis module, and an intelligent decision-making module, etc.

[0031] Data intelligence management terminals include: intelligent early warning and forecasting systems, automatic analysis report generation systems, data management systems, and data disaster recovery systems, etc.

[0032] A monitoring element is a device or apparatus that can sense a specified measurand and convert it into a usable signal according to a certain rule. It usually consists of four parts: a sensing element, a conversion element, a conversion circuit, and an auxiliary power supply. It is used to collect physical quantity information of various structures and environments to realize automatic detection and automatic control. According to the signal type, it is divided into analog sensors, digital sensors, pseudo-digital sensors, and switch sensors, etc.

[0033] Among them, structural strain sensors are used to monitor the stress and its variation in the concrete structure of the shaft, and analyze the structure's load-bearing capacity; tilt angle sensors are used to monitor the degree of tilt and its variation, and analyze the structure's stability and load-bearing capacity; horizontal displacement sensors are used to monitor the horizontal deformation and its variation in the shaft's retaining structure, and analyze the structure's stability and load-bearing capacity; vertical displacement sensors are used to monitor the vertical deformation and its variation in the ground, and analyze the structure's stability and load-bearing capacity; shaft convergence sensors are used to monitor the deformation caused by compression of the shaft's retaining structure, and analyze the structure's safety and load-bearing capacity; and structural vibration sensors are used to monitor the vibration velocity of the shaft structure. Vibration acceleration sensors are used to analyze the vibration frequency of a structure and evaluate its dynamic bearing capacity; structural crack sensors are used to monitor the size and variation of cracks in a structure and analyze its safety and bearing capacity; support axial force sensors are used to monitor the magnitude and variation of axial force in the shaft support structure and analyze its safety and bearing capacity; anchor bolt or anchor stress sensors are used to monitor the magnitude and variation of stress in the shaft anchoring structure and analyze its safety and bearing capacity; groundwater seepage flow sensors are used to monitor the amount and variation of groundwater seepage in the shaft retaining structure and analyze its safety; and groundwater level sensors are used to monitor the groundwater level around the shaft and analyze its variation.

[0034] The data acquisition system involves the collection, identification, recording, and transmission of sensor signals. The data acquisition unit automatically collects non-electrical or electrical signals from analog and digital measured units such as sensors and other devices under test, and sends them to a host computer for analysis and processing. The acquisition unit includes a central processing unit and memory, employs a remote wireless serial port protocol (no cabling required), is powered by a lithium battery for continuous 24 / 7 operation (no power cord required), and features low-power, silent intelligent data acquisition and timed intelligent interactive data transmission via a 5G network. The data acquisition software is used for defining visualized reports, defining review relationships, approving and publishing reports, data entry, data preprocessing, data review, and comprehensive query and statistics. The intelligent data heartbeat packet maintains long-term data connections and keeps the connection alive. It is a user-defined command word that periodically notifies the other party of its status between the client and server, sent at regular intervals. A custom structure (heartbeat packet or heartbeat frame) is sent periodically to let the other party know it is online, ensuring the connection's validity. The communication gateway enables network interconnection and provides filtering and security functions. The data communication protocol uses Modbus. The ASCII serial protocol uses one node as the master node and the other communicating nodes as slave nodes. Each slave device has a unique address, and only the node designated as the master node can initiate a command.

[0035] The data intelligence analysis system includes the transformation of structured and unstructured information into a management layer, statistical analysis and reverse analysis, and the establishment of intelligent analysis models for decision-making and early warning. The unstructured database module is used to process structured, semi-structured, and unstructured data, including all formats of office documents, text, images, subsets of Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) such as XML and HTML, various reports, images, and audio / video information, etc. It directly integrates the web server and database server into a single unit, realizing the transformation from database system data management to content management. The multi-source data fusion analysis module is used to combine data and information from multiple sources. The system employs various analytical methods, including correlation analysis and combinatorial analysis, Kalman filtering, neural network analysis, and uncertainty reasoning, to obtain more accurate location and identity estimates. It also establishes risk assessment and prediction models for risk warning and forecasting. The numerical simulation analysis module, based on the properties of various elements and their interrelationships, establishes simulation models describing the system's structure or behavioral processes, possessing certain logical or quantitative relationships. This allows for experimental or quantitative analysis to obtain the various information needed for correct decision-making. The intelligent decision-making module utilizes advanced reporting tools to customize various types of forms and report formats, enabling data aggregation and analysis, generating various reports and views, and providing precise data support for scientific decision-making.

[0036] The data intelligent management terminal includes a management interface for intelligent, integrated, and coordinated management of the system and data. The intelligent early warning and forecasting system provides three levels of early warning and risk management based on different structural and data types, including pop-up window functions, SMS notification functions, and historical information query functions. The automatic analysis report generation system automatically generates analysis reports based on different projects, locations, types, and time periods. The data management system includes data cleaning, regular data backup and download management, and the data disaster recovery system includes system security management and automatic vulnerability repair functions.

[0037] This invention is applicable to online monitoring of subway shaft construction and similar engineering projects, as well as online monitoring of construction and operational health monitoring. First, the monitoring items and corresponding sensors are selected according to the characteristics of the subway shaft project. The data acquisition device is connected through an anti-interference shielded cable. It adopts a remote wireless serial port protocol, is powered by a lithium battery for uninterrupted 24 / 7 operation, and features low-power silent intelligent data acquisition and timed intelligent interactive data broadcasting via a 5G network.

[0038] This invention monitors, warns, and forecasts risks in shaft construction through data analysis, processing, and model prediction. It provides data selection and query based on different projects, locations, types, and time periods, and automatically generates analysis reports. It also offers data cleaning, regular data backup, and download management. It is a complete intelligent management system for data acquisition, transmission, analysis, and decision-making.

[0039] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned intelligent monitoring, early warning and management system for subway shaft construction safety. It uses artificial intelligence methods to monitor, predict risks and manage the construction and operation of subway shafts in real time, improve the resilience of shafts, control risks and improve project quality, and has good economic and social benefits.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart monitoring, early warning, and management system for the construction safety of subway shafts, characterized in that: This includes monitoring components, data acquisition systems, intelligent data analysis systems, and intelligent data management terminals; The monitoring elements include structural strain sensors, tilt angle sensors, horizontal displacement sensors, vertical displacement sensors, shaft convergence sensors, structural vibration sensors, structural crack sensors, support axial force sensors, anchor bolt or anchor cable stress sensors, groundwater seepage flow sensors, and groundwater level sensors. The structural strain sensor monitors the stress and its variation in the concrete structure of the shaft; the tilt angle sensor monitors the degree of tilt and its variation; the horizontal displacement sensor monitors the horizontal deformation and its variation in the shaft retaining structure; the vertical displacement sensor monitors the vertical deformation and its variation in the ground; the shaft convergence sensor monitors the deformation caused by compression of the shaft retaining structure; the structural vibration sensor monitors the vibration velocity and acceleration of the shaft structure; the structural crack sensor monitors the size and variation of cracks in the structure; the support axial force sensor monitors the magnitude and variation of the axial force in the shaft support structure; the anchor bolt or anchor stress sensor monitors the magnitude and variation of stress in the shaft anchoring structure; the groundwater seepage flow sensor monitors the amount and variation of groundwater seepage in the shaft retaining structure; and the groundwater level sensor monitors the groundwater level and its variation around the shaft. The data acquisition system includes a data collector, data acquisition software, intelligent data heartbeat packet, communication gateway, and data communication protocol; The data intelligence analysis system includes an unstructured database module, a multi-source data fusion analysis module, a numerical simulation analysis module, and an intelligent decision-making module; The data intelligence analysis system includes a structured and unstructured information management layer for data transformation, statistical analysis and reverse analysis, and the establishment of intelligent analysis models for decision-making and early warning. The unstructured database module processes structured data, including semi-structured and unstructured data. The multi-source data fusion analysis module performs joint analysis, correlation analysis and combination analysis on multi-source data and information to obtain accurate location and identity estimation, establish risk assessment models and prediction models, and conduct risk early warning and forecasting. The numerical simulation analysis module establishes a simulation model that describes the system structure or behavior process and has certain logical or quantitative relationships based on the properties of each element and their interrelationships, and conducts experiments or quantitative analysis; the intelligent decision-making module uses advanced reporting tools to customize various types of forms and report formats, realizes data summary analysis, and generates various reports and views. The data intelligent management terminal includes an intelligent early warning and forecasting system, an automatic analysis report generation system, a data management system, and a data disaster recovery system; The intelligent data management terminal provides a management interface for intelligent, integrated, and coordinated management of the system and data. The intelligent early warning and forecasting system performs three-level early warning and three-level risk management based on different structural types and data types, including pop-up window functions, SMS notification functions, and historical information query functions. The automatic analysis report generation system automatically generates analysis reports based on different projects, locations, types, and time periods. The data management system manages data cleaning, regular data backup, and downloads. The data disaster recovery system has system security management and automatic vulnerability repair functions.

2. The intelligent monitoring, early warning and management system for subway shaft construction safety according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring element is a device that can sense a specified measurand and convert it into a usable signal according to a certain rule. It consists of four parts: a sensing element, a conversion element, a conversion circuit, and an auxiliary power supply. It collects physical quantity information of various structures and the environment to achieve automatic detection and automatic control.

3. The intelligent monitoring, early warning and management system for subway shaft construction safety according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition system collects, identifies, records, and transmits sensor signals. The data acquisition unit automatically collects non-electrical or electrical signals from the analog and digital measured units of the device under test (DUT) and sends them to the host computer for analysis and processing. The data acquisition unit includes a central processing unit and a memory, employs a remote wireless serial port protocol, low-power silent intelligent data acquisition, and timed intelligent interactive data transmission via a 5G network. The data acquisition software performs visualized report definition, review relationship definition, report approval and publication, data entry, data preprocessing, data review, and comprehensive query and statistics. The intelligent data heartbeat packet is a user-defined command word that maintains long-term data connections and keeps the connection alive, periodically notifying the other party of its status between the client and the server. The communication gateway enables network interconnection and provides filtering and security functions. The data communication protocol adopts the Modbus ASCII serial port protocol, where any node is defined as the master node, and other communicating nodes are slave nodes.

Images