A protective device for pre-embedded anchor bolts

Abstract

This invention discloses a protective device for pre-embedded anchor bolts, relating to the field of building equipment technology. Specifically, it addresses the problems existing in the prior art where bolt protection devices can only protect bolts from external environmental corrosion but cannot protect them from damage by external forces. Furthermore, when external forces act on the bolt protection device, it fails to alert or warn relevant personnel to prevent bolt damage under continuous external force. Through a combination of a rubber sleeve protection mechanism, a linkage mechanism, a force-relieving mechanism, and a warning mechanism, this invention achieves the effects of protecting and preventing rust on anchor bolts, transferring external impact or rolling forces on the anchor bolts to the pressure and friction of the bottom disc on the ground, reducing the direct force on the bolts, and simultaneously protecting other equipment from bolt damage. This solves the problems existing in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building equipment technology, and specifically relates to a protective device for pre-embedded anchor bolts. Background Technology

[0002] Many steel structures in buildings and large, medium and small equipment use a large number of anchor bolts to fix heavy machinery and equipment that are subject to strong vibration and impact.

[0003] Anchor bolts need to be protected from being embedded in the foundation until the corresponding equipment is installed on them. If anchor bolts are exposed to the elements for a long time, they are prone to corrosion and rust due to the influence of the natural or special environment. In some cases, they may be damaged by collisions with other construction machinery, causing deformation and breakage, which may also damage other construction equipment or even cause accidents. Damage to anchor bolts will cause many inconveniences to subsequent construction and installation.

[0004] The traditional practice is to apply grease to the outside of the anchor bolts to protect them. However, rain or wind-blown dust can cause the grease to come off and oxidize.

[0005] A foundation bolt corrosion protection device, disclosed in CN106884849A, includes an integrally connected sleeve and a sleeve rod. One end of the sleeve is open to allow the bolt and nut of the foundation bolt to extend into it, and the other end is connected to one end of the sleeve rod. The inner diameter of the sleeve rod is smaller than that of the sleeve, used to fit the bolt. The other end of the sleeve rod is closed. This protection device isolates the foundation bolt from corrosive media, effectively preventing bolt corrosion. This facilitates bolt disassembly, reduces costs, speeds up maintenance, and ensures structural safety. However, the following problems exist when using this corrosion protection device:

[0006] (1) When the anti-corrosion protection device is bumped by other working equipment or collided with the vehicle when it is reversing, it cannot provide good protection for the bolts inside, thus preventing the bolts from being damaged by external machinery.

[0007] (2) The anti-corrosion protection device is not equipped with a corresponding reminder mechanism. When the device is subjected to a certain external force, it can promptly remind the staff to protect the anti-corrosion protection device in order to avoid continuous application of external force and damage to the bolts inside the anti-corrosion protection device.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a protective device for pre-embedded anchor bolts to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The existing bolt protection devices only protect bolts from corrosion by the external environment, but cannot protect them from damage by external forces. Furthermore, they do not alert or warn personnel when external forces act on the device to prevent bolt damage under continuous stress. Therefore, this invention provides a protective device for pre-embedded anchor bolts, including a rubber sleeve protection mechanism fitted onto the anchor bolts to prevent them from rusting and corroding due to external environmental influences.

[0010] The system includes a linkage mechanism, a pressure relief mechanism, and a warning mechanism. The linkage mechanism is installed on the rubber sleeve protection mechanism and works in conjunction with the pressure relief mechanism and the warning mechanism. When the anchor bolt is subjected to pressure from above or from the side, the linkage mechanism works in conjunction with the rubber sleeve protection mechanism to protect the anchor bolt.

[0011] At the same time, the unloading mechanism converts the external pressure, minimizing the destructive effect of the external force on the anchor bolts and thus protecting them. In addition, it can also warn the staff when the external pressure is too high, reminding them to pay attention to the protection of the anchor bolts.

[0012] At the same time, it also prompts warning agencies to remind staff early, so that staff can discover early that the anchor bolts are being pressured by the external environment and react in time.

[0013] The protective device for pre-embedded anchor bolts of the present invention has a reusable rubber sleeve protective mechanism on the outside of the anchor bolt, and the inside is filled with rust-preventive substances such as grease. The surrounding area and top are designed with linkage mechanism and force relief mechanism to transfer the external impact force or rolling force on the anchor bolt to the pressure and friction force of the bottom disc on the ground, reduce the direct force on the bolt, and protect other equipment from damage by the bolt.

[0014] Furthermore, it is equipped with an airbag and a warning mechanism. When the anchor bolts are subjected to a large external force, the protective device of this invention will emit an airbag bursting sound and a metallic knocking sound to alert construction personnel to the abnormal situation and avoid losses.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0016] A protective device for pre-embedded anchor bolts is characterized in that it includes a rubber sleeve protection mechanism, a linkage mechanism, a stress-relieving mechanism, and a warning mechanism sleeved on the anchor bolt. The linkage mechanism is set on the rubber sleeve protection mechanism, the stress-relieving mechanism and the warning mechanism are set on the linkage mechanism, and the warning mechanism is also hinged to the rubber sleeve protection mechanism. The stress-relieving mechanism is sleeved on the rubber sleeve protection mechanism.

[0017] Preferably, the rubber sleeve protection mechanism includes a rubber base, a rubber sleeve, and a rubber cover plate. The rubber base is screwed onto the anchor bolt, the rubber sleeve passes through the anchor bolt and is connected to the rubber base at one end, and the other end is tightly attached to the rubber cover plate through a gasket.

[0018] The bottom of the rubber base is also equipped with a pull bar, the linkage mechanism is sleeved on the rubber cover plate, and a spring is connected between the linkage mechanism and the rubber cover plate.

[0019] Preferably, the upper end of the rubber base is a conical structure, and the conical structure is adapted to the groove provided at the bottom of the rubber sleeve, and several oil grooves are also provided on the inner wall of the rubber sleeve.

[0020] Preferably, the linkage mechanism includes a mounting column, a connecting rod mounted on the mounting column, and a connecting seat;

[0021] The mounting post fits snugly against the rubber sleeve protection mechanism, the connecting rod one works in conjunction with the warning mechanism, and the connecting seat works in conjunction with the unloading mechanism via the connecting rod three hinged to it.

[0022] Preferably, the unloading mechanism includes an impact plate, a buffer structure, and an unloading disc. The unloading disc has a groove, the buffer structure is slidably disposed in the groove and hinged to the impact plate, and the impact plate is also used in conjunction with a linkage mechanism.

[0023] Preferably, the impact plate includes a crash plate, an arc-shaped slider disposed at the bottom of the crash plate, and a reinforcing rib disposed on the inner side of the crash plate.

[0024] Preferably, the buffer structure includes a U-shaped seat, a movable rod, and a second spring. The movable rod is movably inserted into the U-shaped seat, and the second spring is disposed between the U-shaped seat and the movable rod.

[0025] An airbag is also installed inside the "U"-shaped base, which works in conjunction with the movable rod.

[0026] Preferably, the warning mechanism includes a linkage assembly, a striking assembly, and a conical sleeve. The striking assembly is hinged to the linkage assembly and is used in conjunction with the conical sleeve, which is fitted onto the rubber sleeve protection mechanism.

[0027] The linkage assembly is used in conjunction with both the linkage mechanism and the rubber sleeve protection mechanism.

[0028] Preferably, the linkage assembly includes a second connecting rod and a "V"-shaped striking rod that are hinged together. The other end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the linkage mechanism, the middle part of the "V"-shaped striking rod is hinged to the rubber sleeve protection mechanism, and the lower end is used in conjunction with the striking assembly.

[0029] Preferably, the striking assembly includes a striking arm hinged to a "V"-shaped striking rod, a spring three, and a striking ball, with the two ends of the spring three connected to the striking arm and the striking ball, respectively.

[0030] The usage process and working principle of a protective device for pre-embedded anchor bolts include:

[0031] Step 1: Install the rubber sleeve protection mechanism, linkage mechanism, unloading mechanism and warning mechanism onto the anchor bolts in sequence according to the actual site conditions. For the unloading mechanism, one or more can be installed depending on the actual situation.

[0032] Step 2: When the device is subjected to a horizontal force, the impact plate is squeezed, causing the connecting rod three to rotate around the hinge point and causing the mounting column to move upward. The arc-shaped slider slides relative to the ground, offsetting part of the horizontal force. The upward movement of the mounting column causes the movable rod in the buffer structure to move upward within the "U"-shaped seat. After reaching the maximum height, under the action of gravity, the mounting column and the movable rod move downward synchronously. The downward movement of the mounting column causes the connecting rod two to rotate around the hinge point. The connecting rod two causes the striking component to swing, causing the striking ball to continuously strike the outer wall of the conical sleeve, emitting a sound to remind the staff that the anchor bolts are being squeezed by external force. At the same time, the movable rod moves downward to compress the spring two, which buffers the downward pressure. The movable rod slides and rubs within the "U"-shaped seat to offset the downward force. Meanwhile, the sliding friction of the "U"-shaped seat back and forth within the groove and the friction between the pressure relief plate and the ground offset the horizontal force. When the pressure of the movable rod is too great, the movable rod will squeeze the airbag to burst out, emitting a sound to remind the staff that the anchor bolts are being squeezed by a large external force and that timely measures need to be taken.

[0033] Step 3: When the device is subjected to a vertical force, the mounting column moves downward, causing the connecting rod to rotate and move downward around the hinge point. This causes the arc-shaped slider to slide and rub against the ground to offset some of the pressure. At the same time, the mounting column squeezes the rubber cover plate, and the rubber cover plate moves downward and tightly combines with the rubber sleeve and rubber base to protect the anchor bolts. Simultaneously, the downward movement of the mounting column causes the striking ball to continuously strike the outer wall of the conical sleeve. At the same time, the movable rod moves downward, the spring provides buffering, and the movable rod slides and rubs within the "U"-shaped seat to offset the vertical pressure. When the pressure is too high, the airbag will burst out and make a sound to alert the staff.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention discloses a protective device for pre-embedded anchor bolts. Compared with the prior art, the improvement of this invention lies in:

[0035] (1) The present invention designs a rubber sleeve protection mechanism, which is fitted onto the anchor bolt to provide a layer of protection for the anchor bolt, so that it is not affected by the external environment and thus does not become corroded or rusted, and also prevents it from being bent or broken by impact from external objects.

[0036] (2) The present invention also provides an oil groove in the rubber sleeve protection mechanism. Rust-preventing substances such as grease can be added to the oil groove to protect the anchor bolts from rust. In use, the oil groove also guides the grease to flow, so that it can protect the anchor bolts from rust in all directions.

[0037] (3) The present invention designs a linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism can provide double protection for the anchor bolts. At the same time, it can be used in conjunction with the unloading mechanism and the warning mechanism to give them an external force, thereby driving the unloading mechanism and the warning mechanism to perform their effects, achieving three-layer protection for the anchor bolts and a warning effect.

[0038] (4) The present invention designs a force-relieving mechanism, which is set on the linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism drives the force-relieving mechanism to convert the impact force from the outside into the friction force between it and the ground, thus providing triple protection for the anchor bolts. The force-relieving mechanism is also equipped with an airbag. After the warning mechanism issues a warning signal, when the external pressure continues to apply pressure to the anchor bolts and the pressure gradually increases, the airbag is compressed to the point of rupture and emits an explosion sound, which serves as a secondary reminder to the staff that the anchor bolts are currently under great external force and that corresponding measures need to be taken in time, otherwise they will be damaged.

[0039] (5) The present invention designs a warning mechanism, which is hinged to the linkage mechanism and the rubber sleeve protection mechanism. It includes a simple structure of a connecting rod assembly, a striking assembly, and a conical sleeve. That is, when the anchor bolt is subjected to an external impact force, it immediately drives the striking assembly and the conical sleeve to continuously strike, and the sound emitted reminds the staff that the anchor bolt is being impacted by an external force and that measures need to be taken in time, otherwise the anchor bolt will be subjected to greater pressure and damaged. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection of the rubber sleeve protection mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rubber sleeve protection mechanism of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the rubber sleeve protection mechanism of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rubber sleeve structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage mechanism of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the unloading mechanism of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the unloading mechanism of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the impact plate structure of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the unloading mechanism of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the warning mechanism structure of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the warning mechanism of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 13 This is a front view of the protective device of the present invention after installation;

[0053] Figure 14 This is a top view of the protective device of the present invention after installation.

[0054] The components include: 1. Anchor bolts; 2. Cement; 3. Rubber sleeve protection mechanism; 301. Rubber base; 301-1. Pull-out; 302. Rubber sleeve; 302-1. Oil groove; 303. Rubber cover plate; 303-1. Gasket; 4. Linkage mechanism; 401. Mounting column; 402. Connecting rod one; 403. Connecting seat; 5. Unloading mechanism; 501. Impact plate; 501-1. Anti-collision plate; 501-2. Arc-shaped slider; 501-3. Reinforcing rib; 502. Buffer structure; 502-1. "U" shaped seat; 502-2. Movable rod; 502-3. Spring two; 502-4. Airbag; 503. Unloading plate; 503-1. Slide groove; 504. Connecting rod three; 6. Warning mechanism; 601. Linkage assembly; 601-1. Connecting rod two; 601-2. “V” shaped striking rod; 602. Striking assembly; 602-1. Striking swing arm; 602-3. Striking ball; 603. Conical sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0056] Example 1:

[0057] See attached document Figure 1-4As shown, a protective device for pre-embedded anchor bolts includes a rubber sleeve protective mechanism 3 sleeved on the anchor bolt. The rubber sleeve protective mechanism 3 sleeved on the anchor bolt prevents external instruments from hitting the anchor bolt, and at the same time uses rust-preventive substances such as grease stored inside to prevent the anchor bolt from rusting due to long-term use.

[0058] Specific examples Figure 2 As shown, the rubber sleeve protection mechanism 3 includes a rubber base 301, a rubber sleeve 302, and a rubber cover plate 303; the rubber base 301 is provided with an internal thread that is compatible with the anchor bolt, and the anchor bolt passes through the rubber base 301 and is screwed to the rubber base 301.

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, the bottom of the rubber base 301 is provided with a pull ring step shaft and the upper end is a conical structure. The bottom inner side of the rubber sleeve 302 is provided with a groove that matches the upper end of the rubber base 301, and the groove is also a conical structure. The difference in taper of the two conical mating surfaces generates a squeezing deformation effect. Under the downward squeezing action of the rubber cover plate 303, the rubber sleeve 302 is tightly and stably fitted on the rubber base 301, and the anchor bolt also passes through the rubber sleeve 302.

[0060] A rubber cover plate 303 is also provided on the other end of the rubber sleeve 302. The anchor bolt is set inside the rubber cover plate 303 and screwed to the rubber cover plate 303. The installation process is as follows: simply screw the rubber cover plate 303 onto the anchor bolt.

[0061] Furthermore, a gasket 303-1 is directly placed between the rubber sleeve 302 and the rubber cover plate 303. Its function is to prevent the rubber cover plate 303 from being damaged or to cause the rubber sleeve 302 to rotate when the rubber cover plate 303 rotates from top to bottom. At the same time, it can better seal the anti-rust material inside the rubber sleeve 302, reducing the sublimation loss of the anti-rust material and contamination by external objects.

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, the rubber sleeve 302 has a cylindrical structure and is hollow. The outer side of the middle part has ridges. This design is mainly to facilitate the use of tools to clamp and rotate the sleeve when removing it. The inner cavity has several oil grooves 302-1. The oil grooves 302-1 are mainly used to store rust-preventive substances such as grease and to guide the flow of these substances to provide all-round rust prevention for the anchor bolts.

[0063] like Figure 2As shown, the bottom of the rubber base 301 is also provided with a pull bar 301-1. The material of the pull bar 301-1 is preferably metal. Its function is to facilitate the workers to pull out the rubber base 301. Specifically, the pull bar 301-1 is close to the ground and is fitted on the step shaft at the bottom of the rubber base 301. It is also provided with a pull hole, which is used to pull out the rubber base 301 for cleaning in case the anchor bolt and rubber sleeve 302 stick together after a long time or foreign objects enter the rubber base 301 and cannot be removed. The pull bar 301-1 is set in the horizontal direction to resist part of the horizontal force on the stress relief plate 503 when it is impacted. Finally, this part of the force is transmitted to the part of the anchor bolt close to the ground to form a shearing force on the anchor bolt.

[0064] The usage process and principle of the protective device for pre-embedded anchor bolts in this embodiment are as follows: After the anchor bolts are pre-embedded, the protective device can be installed after the ground has hardened normally. Clean the debris and water stains on the anchor bolts and the surrounding ground, and spray rust-preventive oil, grease or other rust-preventive substances onto the anchor bolts. Then, put the puller 301-1 on the rubber base 301, and screw the rubber base 301 onto the anchor bolts. Press the puller 301-1 onto the ground. Then, put the rubber sleeve 302 on the anchor bolts, and at the same time, make the groove at the bottom of the rubber sleeve 302 fit onto the conical end of the rubber base 301. Next, fill the oil groove 302-1 of the rubber sleeve 302 with rust-preventive substances. Then, put the gasket 303-1 on the rubber sleeve 302, and screw in the rubber cover plate 303 to press the rubber sleeve 302 and the rubber base 301 tightly, so that the rubber base 301 is in close contact with the ground and the two rubber sleeves are tightly fitted, thus completing the installation of the rubber sleeve protective mechanism.

[0065] Example 2:

[0066] See attached document Figure 5-6 As shown, the difference between Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 is that, based on Embodiment 1, considering that the rubber cover plate 303 is directly exposed and made of rubber, it is easily damaged when subjected to external mechanical impact. Therefore, the present invention also designs a linkage mechanism 4, which is made of metal. The linkage mechanism 4 is set on the rubber cover plate 303 to prevent the rubber sleeve protection mechanism 3 from being directly impacted and thus failing to protect the anchor bolts well.

[0067] For details, please refer to the attached document. Figure 5 As shown, a spring is wound on the rubber cover plate 303, and the other end of the spring is connected to the linkage mechanism 4. The linkage mechanism 4 is sleeved on the rubber cover plate 303.

[0068] Further references Figure 6As shown, the linkage mechanism 4 includes a mounting column 401, a connecting rod 402 disposed on the mounting column 401, and a connecting seat 403, with the connecting seat 403 disposed at the upper end of the connecting rod 402; the mounting column 401, the connecting rod 402, and the connecting seat 403 are integrally formed.

[0069] Mounting post 401 is fitted together with rubber cover plate 303 in rubber sleeve protection mechanism 3, and mounting post 401 is screwed to anchor bolt; spring 1 is connected to the upper end of rubber cover plate 303, and the other end of spring 1 is connected to the bottom end of mounting post 401.

[0070] Connecting rod 402 is mounted on the outer wall of mounting column 401 and is hinged to warning mechanism 6. Connecting seat 403 is also mounted on the outer wall of mounting column 401 and positioned above connecting rod 402. It is also hinged to unloading mechanism 5. When mounting column 401 receives an external impact force, it will compress spring 1 and move downward, thereby driving unloading mechanism 5 and warning mechanism 6 to move. Unloading mechanism converts part of the impact force from mounting column 401 into friction force. Warning mechanism 6 alerts staff to abnormal conditions by knocking.

[0071] When the linkage mechanism 4 receives an external impact force, since it is made of metal, it can provide a certain degree of protection for the rubber sleeve protection mechanism. At the same time, it buffers part of the downward pressure and converts it into frictional force between itself and the rubber cover plate 303, thereby offsetting the downward pressure.

[0072] Example 3:

[0073] See attached document Figure 7-10 As shown, the difference between Embodiment 3 and Embodiment 2 is that, based on Embodiment 2, considering the factor that the linkage mechanism 4 is easily damaged and deformed when faced with a large external impact force, the present invention therefore designed a force-relieving mechanism 5. The force-relieving mechanism 5 is used in conjunction with the linkage mechanism 4 so that when the linkage mechanism 4 is subjected to an external impact force, most of the impact force is transferred to the force-relieving mechanism 5. The force-relieving mechanism 5 converts the impact force, thereby offsetting most of the impact force, reducing the pressure and shear force directly received by the bolt, and protecting the linkage mechanism 4 at the same time.

[0074] Specific examples Figure 8 As shown, the unloading mechanism 5 is hinged to the connecting seat 403 via a connecting rod 504, and the connecting rod 504 is also hinged to the connecting seat 403. The unloading mechanism 5 includes an impact plate 501, a buffer structure 502, and an unloading disc 503. The buffer structure 502 is slidably disposed on the unloading disc 503. The buffer structure 502 is hinged to the impact plate 501, and the impact plate 501 is hinged to the connecting rod 504. The function of the connecting rod 504 is to convert part of the force received by the impact plate into a downward pulling force and a horizontal thrust on the unloading mechanism 5.

[0075] Furthermore, the bottom of the unloading plate 503 is textured to increase its friction with the ground. The upper end is provided with a groove 503-1, and the buffer structure 502 is slidably disposed in the groove 503-1 and slides freely in the groove 503-1, converting the horizontal impact force into the friction between the unloading plate 503 and the ground, as well as the shearing force on the anchor bolts through the pull 301-1.

[0076] like Figure 9 As shown, the impact plate 501 includes a crash plate 501-1, an arc-shaped slider 501-2 disposed at the bottom of the crash plate 501-1, and a reinforcing rib 501-3 disposed on the inner side of the crash plate 501-1; the slider 501-2 is in contact with the ground, so that when the force relief mechanism 5 is subjected to external impact force, the slider 501-2 slides on the ground, and the reinforcing rib 501-3 is used to slightly reinforce the compressive strength of the impact plate 501;

[0077] Further as Figure 10 As shown, the buffer structure 502 includes a U-shaped seat 502-1, a movable rod 502-2, and a second spring 502-3. The two ends of the second spring 502-3 are connected to the U-shaped seat 502-1 and the movable rod 502-2 respectively, and the movable rod 502-2 is movably inserted into the U-shaped seat 502-1. The movable rod 502-2 converts most of the impact force received by the anti-collision plate 501-1 into pressure on the U-shaped seat 502-1 and the pressure relief plate 503, ultimately forming friction with the ground and offsetting most of the horizontal impact force.

[0078] When the movable rod 502-2 is subjected to external pressure, the second spring 502-3 acts as a buffer to cushion the downward pressure and prevent small impacts or loads from directly bursting the airbag 502-4; and under normal conditions, the second spring 502-3 provides some support for the movable rod 502-2; when maintenance or reinstallation is required, a new airbag 502-4 must be installed.

[0079] The U-shaped base 502-1 is also equipped with an airbag 502-4. The airbag 502-4 is a disposable warning device. The airbag 502-4 is used in conjunction with the movable rod 502-2. When the movable rod 502-2 is subjected to excessive pressure, the movable rod 502-2 moves down to compress the spring 502-3, and finally squeezes the airbag 502-4, causing the airbag 502-4 to burst and produce a popping sound, which will attract the attention of the staff. In order to make the sound more clearly transmitted, a sound transmission hole is also provided on the U-shaped base 502-1, so that the popping sound of the airbag 502-4 can be transmitted more clearly and loudly to attract the attention of the staff.

[0080] When the linkage mechanism 4 receives an external impact force, since the two ends of the connecting rod 504 are hinged to the unloading mechanism 5 and the linkage mechanism 4 respectively, it converts the external impact force into a downward pull force and a horizontal thrust force on the unloading mechanism 5. The horizontal thrust force slides back and forth on the unloading plate 503 through the "U"-shaped seat 502-1 and is eventually converted into the friction force between the unloading plate 503 and the ground, thus offsetting it. The downward pull force is offset by the friction force between the anti-collision plate 501-1 and the ground. When the external impact force is too large, the movable rod 502-2 moves down and squeezes the airbag 502-4 to burst, causing the airbag 502-4 to make a loud noise, reminding the staff that the anchor bolts are under a large external impact force and that timely countermeasures are needed.

[0081] Example 4:

[0082] See attached document Figure 11-14 As shown, the difference between Example 4 and Example 3 is that, based on Example 3, considering that when the airbag 502-4 ruptures, the anchor bolts may have already undergone some deformation under high pressure, which is not conducive to early prevention and protection, and it is also necessary to promptly remind the staff to pay attention when the anchor bolts are subjected to external pressure from the beginning, so as to avoid the external pressure from continuing to increase and damaging the anchor bolts; therefore, the present invention designs a warning mechanism 6, which is hinged together with the rubber sleeve protection mechanism 3 and the linkage mechanism 4. The linkage mechanism 4 drives the warning mechanism 6 to move, and under the limiting action of the rubber sleeve protection mechanism 3, it emits a crisp sound to remind the staff to protect the anchor bolts;

[0083] See attached document Figure 11 As shown, the warning mechanism 6 includes a connecting rod assembly 601, a striking assembly 602, and a conical sleeve 603. The striking assembly 602 is hinged to the connecting rod assembly 601 and works in conjunction with the conical sleeve 603. The conical sleeve 603 is fitted onto the rubber sleeve protection mechanism 3 and is mounted on the pressure relief plate 503. The connecting rod assembly 601 is also hinged to the connecting rod 402 and the rubber cover plate 303.

[0084] When an external impact force is received, the connecting rod 402 moves down, causing the connecting rod assembly 601 to rotate around the hinge point. The connecting rod assembly 601 drives the striking assembly 602 to move, which in turn causes the striking assembly 602 to strike the conical sleeve 603 and produce a sound. Therefore, the conical sleeve 603 is designed with a thin wall to make the sound louder after being struck.

[0085] See attached document Figure 12 As shown, the linkage assembly 601 further includes a second connecting rod 601-1 and a “V”-shaped striking rod 601-2. The second connecting rod 601-1 is hinged to the first connecting rod 402, and the “V”-shaped striking rod 601-2 is hinged to the rubber cover plate 303.

[0086] The striking assembly 602 includes a striking arm 602-1 hinged to a “V”-shaped striking rod 601-2, a spring 602-2, and a striking ball 602-3. The two ends of the spring 602-2 are connected to the striking arm 602-1 and the striking ball 602-3, respectively.

[0087] When the linkage mechanism 4 is subjected to an external impact force, the connecting rod 402 moves downward. Due to the limiting effect of the connecting rod 402 and the rubber cover 303, the connecting rod 601-1 and the "V"-shaped striking rod 601-2 rotate around their hinge point, thereby driving the striking arm 602-1 to rotate. Under the action of the spring 602-2, the spring 602-2 drives the striking ball 602-3 to swing, so that the striking has a certain toughness and inertia. The striking ball 602-3 strikes the surface of the conical sleeve 603 continuously, thus making a sound, reminding the operator that the anchor bolts are under external pressure and need to be removed in time. In actual demonstration, the angle and length of the striking arm 602-1 can be adjusted to change the striking position and actual situation, so that the airbag 502-4 is squeezed and burst after the metal is struck. When subjected to a slight impact, only the striking occurs and the airbag 502-4 is not squeezed and burst.

[0088] The working principle of the protective device in this invention in protecting anchor bolts is as follows: When the protective device of this invention is subjected to external forces from different directions:

[0089] A horizontal force compresses the impact plate 501, causing the connecting rod 504 to rotate around the hinge point and move the mounting column 401 upward. The arc-shaped slider 501-2, through sliding friction relative to the ground, partially offsets the horizontal force. The upward movement of the mounting column 401 causes the movable rod 502-2 in the buffer structure 502 to move upward within the "U"-shaped seat 502-1. After reaching its maximum height, due to gravity, the mounting column 401 and the movable rod 502-2 move downward simultaneously. The downward movement of the mounting column 401 causes the connecting rod 601-1 to rotate around the hinge point. The connecting rod 601-1 then causes the striking component 602 to oscillate, causing the striking ball 602-3 to continuously... When the conical sleeve 603 is struck, a sound is emitted to alert the workers that the anchor bolts are being squeezed by external force. The movable rod 502-2 moves down to compress the second spring 502-3. The second spring 502-3 buffers the downward pressure, and the movable rod 502-2 rubs against the "U"-shaped seat 502-1 to offset the downward force. At the same time, the "U"-shaped seat 502-1 slides back and forth in the groove 503-1, and the pressure relief plate 503 rubs against the ground to offset the horizontal force. When the downward pressure is too great, the movable rod 502-2 squeezes the airbag 502-4 to burst out and emit a sound, reminding the workers that the anchor bolts are being squeezed by a large external force and that timely measures need to be taken.

[0090] When a vertical force is applied, the mounting column 401 moves downward, causing the connecting rod 504 to rotate and move downward around the hinge point. This, in turn, causes the arc-shaped slider 501-2 to slide against the ground, offsetting some of the pressure. At the same time, the mounting column 401 presses against the rubber cover plate 303, which moves downward and tightly engages with the rubber sleeve 302 and the rubber base 301 to protect the anchor bolts. Simultaneously, the downward movement of the mounting column 401 causes the striking ball 602-3 to continuously strike the outer wall of the conical sleeve 603. The movable rod 502-2 moves downward, the spring 502-3 provides buffering, and the movable rod 502-2 rubs against the "U"-shaped seat 502-1 to offset the vertical pressure. When the pressure is too high, the airbag 502-4 is squeezed out, producing a sound to alert the staff.

[0091] The protective device for the pre-embedded anchor bolts in this invention can be installed with corresponding components according to the actual engineering situation, for example:

[0092] (1) For a single anchor bolt, which may be subjected to impacts from any direction or to a large load pressure, it is necessary to install a stress relief mechanism 5 around the entire ring.

[0093] (2) For situations where the impact direction may be determined, two sets of symmetrical unloading mechanisms 5 can be set up.

[0094] (3) For a situation where only the outer perimeter of an area is impacted, two sets of symmetrical front and rear sets plus two sets of force-relief mechanisms on both sides of the impact source direction can be set up, for a total of four sets of force-relief mechanisms 5;

[0095] (4) For situations where there is no clear impact, only the rubber sleeve protection mechanism 3 needs to be installed; for situations where construction and installation can be carried out in a short period of time and there is a possibility of impact, only the force relief mechanism 5 needs to be installed.

[0096] The impact plate 501 and the linkage mechanism 4 can be painted red or a contrasting, eye-catching color, or reflectors can be added to increase visibility and warning. The structure of the pre-embedded anchor bolt protection device of this invention after complete installation is shown in the attached figure. Figure 1-2 As shown, anchor bolt 1 is inserted into the soil, and cement 2 is laid on the ground to reinforce anchor bolt 1. The protective device of the present invention is installed on cement 2.

[0097] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A protective device for pre-embedded anchor bolts, characterized in that: It includes a rubber sleeve protection mechanism (3) fitted on the anchor bolt, a linkage mechanism (4), a force relief mechanism (5) and a warning mechanism (6). The linkage mechanism (4) is set on the rubber sleeve protection mechanism (3), the force relief mechanism (5) and the warning mechanism (6) are set on the linkage mechanism (4), and the warning mechanism (6) is also hinged to the rubber sleeve protection mechanism (3). The force relief mechanism (5) is fitted on the rubber sleeve protection mechanism (3). The rubber sleeve protection mechanism (3) includes a rubber base (301), a rubber sleeve (302) and a rubber cover plate (303). The rubber base (301) is screwed onto the anchor bolt. The rubber sleeve (302) passes through the anchor bolt and is connected at one end to the rubber base (301). The other end is tightly attached to the rubber cover plate (303) through a gasket (303-1). The bottom of the rubber base (301) is also provided with a pull bar (301-1), the linkage mechanism (4) is sleeved on the rubber cover plate (303), and a spring is connected between the linkage mechanism (4) and the rubber cover plate (303); The linkage mechanism (4) includes a mounting column (401), a connecting rod (402) set on the mounting column (401), and a connecting seat (403). The mounting post (401) is attached to the rubber sleeve protection mechanism (3), the connecting rod one (402) is used in conjunction with the warning mechanism (6), and the connecting seat (403) is used in conjunction with the unloading mechanism (5) through the connecting rod three (504) hinged to it; The unloading mechanism (5) includes an impact plate (501), a buffer structure (502) and an unloading disc (503). The unloading disc (503) has a groove (503-1). The buffer structure (502) is slidably disposed in the groove (503-1) and is hinged to the impact plate (501). The impact plate (501) is also used in conjunction with the linkage mechanism (4). The impact plate (501) includes a crash plate (501-1), an arc-shaped slider (501-2) disposed at the bottom of the crash plate (501-1), and a reinforcing rib (501-3) disposed on the inner side of the crash plate (501-1). The buffer structure (502) includes a "U"-shaped seat (502-1), a movable rod (502-2), and a second spring (502-3). The movable rod (502-2) is movably inserted into the "U"-shaped seat (502-1), and the second spring (502-3) is disposed between the "U"-shaped seat (502-1) and the movable rod (502-2). The "U"-shaped base (502-1) is also equipped with an airbag (502-4), which is used in conjunction with the movable rod (502-2); The warning mechanism (6) includes a linkage assembly (601), a striking assembly (602), and a conical sleeve (603). The striking assembly (602) is hinged to the linkage assembly (601) and works in conjunction with the conical sleeve (603). The conical sleeve (603) is fitted onto the rubber sleeve protection mechanism (3). The linkage assembly (601) is used in conjunction with both the linkage mechanism (4) and the rubber sleeve protection mechanism (3); The linkage assembly (601) includes a hinged connecting rod two (601-1) and a "V" shaped striking rod (601-2). The other end of the connecting rod two (601-1) is hinged to the linkage mechanism (4), and the middle part of the "V" shaped striking rod (601-2) is hinged to the rubber sleeve protection mechanism (3). The lower end is used in conjunction with the striking assembly (602). The striking assembly (602) includes a striking arm (602-1) hinged to a "V"-shaped striking rod (601-2), a spring three (602-2), and a striking ball (602-3), with the two ends of the spring three (602-2) connected to the striking arm (602-1) and the striking ball (602-3) respectively.

2. The protective device for pre-embedded anchor bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the rubber base (301) is a conical structure, and the conical structure is adapted to the groove at the bottom of the rubber sleeve (302). Several oil grooves (302-1) are also provided on the inner wall of the rubber sleeve (302).

3. The protective device for pre-embedded anchor bolts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The usage process and working principle of the protective device for the pre-embedded anchor bolts include: Step 1: Install the rubber sleeve protection mechanism (3), linkage mechanism (4), unloading mechanism (5) and warning mechanism (6) on the anchor bolts in sequence according to the actual situation of the construction site. Among them, the unloading mechanism (5) can be installed in one or more according to the actual situation. Step 2: When the device is subjected to a horizontal force, the impact plate (501) is squeezed, causing the connecting rod three (504) to rotate around the hinge point and causing the mounting column (401) to move upward. The arc-shaped slider (501-2) slides relative to the ground to offset part of the horizontal force. The upward movement of the mounting column (401) causes the movable rod (502-2) in the buffer structure (502) to move upward within the "U"-shaped seat (502-1). After rising to the maximum limit, under the action of gravity, the mounting column (401) and the movable rod (502-2) move downward synchronously. The downward movement of the mounting column (401) causes the connecting rod two (601-1) to rotate around the hinge point. The connecting rod two (601-1) causes the striking component (602) to swing, causing the striking ball (602-3) to swing. The device continuously strikes the outer wall of the conical sleeve (603), making a sound to remind the staff that the anchor bolts are being squeezed by external force; at the same time, the movable rod (502-2) moves down to compress the second spring (502-3), the second spring (502-3) buffers the downward pressure, and the movable rod (502-2) slides and rubs in the "U"-shaped seat (502-1) to offset the downward force. Meanwhile, the "U"-shaped seat (502-1) slides and rubs back and forth in the groove (503-1), and the force relief plate (503) rubs against the ground to offset the horizontal force. When the pressure of the movable rod (502-2) is too great, the movable rod (502-2) squeezes the airbag (502-4) to burst out and make a sound, reminding the staff that the anchor bolts are being squeezed by a large external force and that measures need to be taken in time. Step 3: When the device is subjected to a vertical force, the mounting column (401) moves down and drives the connecting rod three (504) to rotate and move down around the hinge point, thereby driving the arc-shaped slider (501-2) to slide against the ground to offset part of the pressure. At the same time, the mounting column (401) squeezes the rubber cover plate (303). The rubber cover plate (303) moves down and tightly combines with the rubber sleeve (302) and the rubber base (301) to protect the anchor bolts. At the same time, the mounting column (401) moves down and drives the striking ball (602-3) to continuously strike the outer wall of the conical sleeve (603). At the same time, the movable rod (502-2) moves down, the spring two (502-3) buffers, and the movable rod (502-2) slides and rubs in the "U"-shaped seat (502-1) to offset the vertical pressure. When the pressure is too high, the airbag (502-4) is squeezed out to make a sound to remind the staff.

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