An antenna structure and electronic device

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides an antenna structure and an electronic device, the antenna structure can include a metal cavity and a metal piece arranged in the cavity of the metal cavity, a slit is arranged on the metal side surface of the metal cavity, the slit extends along the length direction of the metal cavity, wherein the metal piece is connected with the metal side surface on the first side of the slit, and the size of the metal piece in the length direction is greater than or equal to half of the size of the slit in the length direction. Through the loading of the metal piece, the width of the metal cavity of the antenna structure is narrow, and the antenna structure can be flexibly arranged in the electronic device.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese Patent Application No. 202211076637.X, filed on September 5, 2022, and entitled "Antenna Structure and Terminal Device", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication, and in particular to an antenna structure and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0003] At present, the communication frequency bands of electronic devices will coexist with 3th generation wireless systems (3G), 4th generation wireless systems (4G), and 5th generation wireless systems (5G) frequency bands for a long time, and the number of antennas is increasing.

[0004] Electronic devices with metal appearance are currently the trend of industrial design (ID). For electronic devices with metal appearance, it is usually necessary to slit the metal appearance (e.g., the frame or the back cover) and use part of the metal appearance as the radiator of the antenna. However, since multiple slits need to be formed on the metal appearance, the integrity of the metal appearance is affected, which affects the appearance. SUMMARY

[0005] Embodiments of the present application provide an antenna structure and an electronic device. The antenna structure can include a metal cavity with a relatively narrow width. Due to the relatively narrow width, the metal cavity can be disposed in the electronic device.

[0006] In a first aspect, an antenna structure is provided, comprising: a metal cavity, the metal cavity comprising a first metal surface and a second metal surface arranged opposite to each other, and a metal side surface extending between the first metal surface and the second metal surface in a first direction, and connected to the first metal surface and the second metal surface along edges of the first metal surface and edges of the second metal surface respectively, and wherein the metal side surface and the first metal surface and the second metal surface form a cavity of the metal cavity, the first direction being a length direction of the metal cavity; the metal side surface comprising a first side surface, a slit being formed on the first side surface, the slit extending in the first direction; and a first metal piece arranged in the cavity of the metal cavity, the first metal piece being connected to the first side surface at a first side of the slit, a length of the first metal piece in the first direction being greater than or equal to half of a length of the slit in the first direction.

[0007] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, the bending part at the slit can form a distributed capacitance, and by increasing the capacitance value of the equivalent capacitance of the metal cavity, the resonant frequency of the antenna structure can remain unchanged while the width of the metal cavity is reduced. Since the width of the metal cavity is reduced, the antenna structure can be arranged in an electronic device. At the same time, since the metal cavity is a closed structure (has a first metal surface and a second metal surface, and the metal cavity is closed in the length direction), it is not easily affected by other electronic components inside the electronic device, and can be arranged at any position of the electronic device.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a ratio of a size L1 of the metal cavity in the first direction and a size W1 of the metal cavity in a second direction can be greater than or equal to 4, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the second direction is parallel to the first side surface.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a size L2 of the slit in the first direction and the size L1 of the metal cavity can satisfy: L2≥L1×80%.

[0010] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, the length L1 of the slit is related to the capacitance value of the distributed capacitance formed at the slit. As the length L1 of the slit increases, the capacitance value of the distributed capacitance formed at the slit increases, so that the width W1 of the metal cavity can be reduced.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the size W1 of the metal cavity in the second direction can satisfy: W1≤10mm.

[0012] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes a first frequency band; and a dimension W1 of the metal cavity in the second direction is less than or equal to one eighth of a first wavelength corresponding to the first frequency band.

[0013] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, the metal cavity can have a smaller width, and is convenient to be arranged inside the electronic device.

[0014] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a width W2 of the slit satisfies: W2≤2mm.

[0015] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, the width W2 of the slit is related to a capacitance value of the distributed capacitance formed at the slit. With the decrease of the width W2 of the slit, the capacitance value of the distributed capacitance formed at the slit increases, so that the width W1 of the metal cavity can be reduced.

[0016] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure further includes a second metal piece arranged in the cavity of the metal cavity, the second metal piece is connected with the first side of the slit on the second side thereof, and the first metal piece and the second metal piece are arranged opposite to each other.

[0017] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure further includes a metal wall, the metal wall is located in the metal cavity; a first end of the metal wall is located between the first metal piece and the second metal piece, and a second end of the metal wall is electrically connected with the metal side surface.

[0018] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the metal side surface includes a first side surface and a second side surface connected with each other, a first edge of the first side surface and a first edge of the second side surface are connected with the first metal surface, a second edge of the first side surface and a second edge of the second side surface are connected with each other, a third edge of the first side surface and a third edge of the second side surface are connected with the second metal surface; the metal piece and the second side surface are arranged opposite to each other, and a distance between the first side of the slit and the second side surface is greater than a distance between the second side of the slit and the second side surface.

[0019] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the metal side surface includes a first side surface and a second side surface connected to each other, a first edge of the first side surface and a first edge of the second side surface are connected to the first metal surface, a second edge of the first side surface and a second edge of the second side surface are connected to each other, a third edge of the first side surface and a third edge of the second side surface are connected to the second metal surface; a part of the metal member is bent in a third direction and is arranged opposite to the first side surface, the third direction is a direction in which a first side of the gap points to a second side of the gap, a distance between the first side of the gap and the second side surface is greater than a distance between the second side of the gap and the second side surface.

[0020] According to the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, the form of the distributed capacitance formed by the side surface of the metal cavity at the gap can be adjusted according to the actual internal layout.

[0021] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure further includes a feeding unit; the metal side surface includes a first feeding point and a second feeding point, and the feeding unit is electrically connected between the first feeding point and the second feeding point.

[0022] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure further includes a feeding unit; the feeding unit is electrically connected between the metal parts on both sides of the gap.

[0023] According to the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, a plurality of feeding modes (feeding on both sides of the gap or forming a small current loop feeding in the metal cavity) are provided, which is beneficial to the antenna structure to select different structures for feeding according to different layout conditions, and the feeding structure can be flexibly selected.

[0024] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, a ratio of a size L1 of the metal cavity in the first direction to a size W1 of the metal cavity in the second direction is greater than or equal to 10.

[0025] With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the metal cavity is filled with a medium, and the medium includes at least one of a magnetic medium, an electric medium or a magnetic-electric medium.

[0026] According to the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application, when the metal cavity is filled with a medium, the corresponding medium wavelength can be shortened when the antenna structure resonates, and the size (for example, the width) of the metal cavity is further reduced.

[0027] Secondly, an electronic device is provided, including the antenna structure of any one of the first aspect.

[0028] In some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes a conductive bezel, a display screen, and a conductive back cover; the metal side of the metal cavity of the antenna structure includes a portion of the bezel, a portion of the display screen, and a portion of the back cover.

[0029] In some implementations of the second aspect, the antenna structure further includes a bracket; the first metal piece is disposed on a surface of the bracket.

[0030] In some implementations of the second aspect, the surface of the bracket is further provided with a metal connecting piece, the metal connecting piece is electrically connected between the display screen and the back cover; a portion of the bezel, a portion of the display screen, a portion of the back cover, and the metal connecting piece enclose the metal side of the metal cavity of the antenna structure.

[0031] In some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes a printed circuit board (PCB); the metal connecting piece is provided with a relief hole, a portion of the PCB passes through the relief hole; the antenna structure further includes a feeding unit, the feeding unit is located on the PCB, and one end of the feeding unit is electrically connected to the metal connecting piece.

[0032] In some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device further includes a display screen and a metal shell, the metal cavity of the antenna structure includes at least a portion of the metal shell and at least a portion of the display screen.

[0033] In some implementations of the second aspect, the electronic device is a smart screen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 2 is an equivalent magnetic current distribution schematic diagram of an antenna provided by the present application.

[0036] Figure 3 is Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the back cover 21 and the bezel 11 in the electronic device 10.

[0037] Figure 4 is a cavity antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 6is a top view of an antenna structure 100 provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0040] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a metal cavity 110 at a feed unit provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0041] Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of a metal cavity 110 provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0042] Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of a metal cavity 110 provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0043] Figure 10 is a structural schematic view of a metal cavity 110 provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0044] Figure 11 is a different feed structure provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0045] Figure 12 is Figure 5 is an S parameter diagram of the antenna structure 100 shown in FIG. 10.

[0046] Figure 13 is a schematic view of yet another antenna structure 100 provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0047] Figure 14 is Figure 13 is an S parameter diagram of the antenna structure 100 shown in FIG. 11.

[0048] Figure 15 is a structural schematic view of an electronic device 10 provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0049] Figure 16 is a structural schematic view of a metal cavity provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0050] Figure 17 is a schematic view of yet another electronic device 10 provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0051] Figure 18 is Figure 17 is an S parameter diagram of the antenna structure shown in FIG. 12.

[0052] Figure 19 is yet another electronic device 20 provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0053] Figure 20 is Figure 19 is a directional diagram of the antenna structure 200 in the electronic device 20 shown in (a) of FIG. 13.

[0054] Figure 21 is Figure 19 is a directional diagram of the antenna structure 200 in the electronic device 20 shown in (b) of FIG. 13.

[0055] Figure 22 yes Figure 19 The radiation pattern of the antenna structure 200 in the electronic device 20 shown in (c) is shown.

[0056] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of another electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0057] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of another electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] Coupling can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling. "Coupled connection" can be understood as a direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be called "electrical connection," which can be understood as physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form of connection between different components in a circuit structure through physical lines that can transmit electrical signals, such as copper foil or wires on a printed circuit board (PCB). "Indirect coupling" can be understood as electrical conduction between two conductors through a gap / non-contact method. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be called capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gaps between two conductive parts.

[0060] Connection / linking: can refer to a mechanical or physical connection. For example, A and B being connected or linked can mean that there are fasteners (such as screws, bolts, rivets, etc.) between A and B, or that A and B are in contact with each other and are difficult to separate.

[0061] Resonant / Resonant Frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. It refers to the frequency at which the imaginary part of the antenna's input impedance is zero. The resonant frequency can have a range, that is, the range of frequencies where resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the point of strongest resonance is the center frequency. The return loss characteristic at the center frequency can be less than -20dB.

[0062] Resonant band / communication band / operating band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna supporting the B40 band operates within the frequency range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating band includes the B40 band. The frequency range that meets the specifications can be considered the antenna's operating band.

[0063] Electric length: can refer to the ratio of the physical length (i.e. mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave being transmitted, the electric length can satisfy the following formula:

[0064]

[0065] wherein L is the physical length, and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave (including the medium wavelength of the electromagnetic wave in the medium).

[0066] Wavelength: or operating wavelength, can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonance frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, assuming that the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonance frequency is 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated by using the frequency of 1955MHz. Not limited to the center frequency, the "operating wavelength" can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to the non-center frequency of the resonance frequency or the operating frequency band.

[0067] The intermediate or intermediate position and the like mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are all indicative of a certain range. For example, the middle (position) of the conductor can be a conductor portion including the midpoint on the conductor, for example, the middle (position) of the conductor can be a conductor portion on the conductor with a distance of less than a predetermined threshold (e.g. 1mm, 2mm, or 2.5mm) from the midpoint.

[0068] The symmetry (e.g. axial symmetry, or central symmetry, etc.), parallel, vertical, same (e.g. same length, same width, etc.) and the like mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are all with respect to the current process level, rather than the absolute strict definition in the mathematical sense. There can be a predetermined angle deviation between two parallel or vertical to each other. In an embodiment, the predetermined threshold can be less than or equal to a threshold of 1mm, for example, the predetermined threshold can be 0.5mm, or can be 0.1mm. In an embodiment, the predetermined angle can be an angle within ±10°, for example, the predetermined angle deviation is ±5°.

[0069] Dielectric: refers to a medium that can be polarized. In a specific frequency band, the time-varying electric field produces a conduction current density vector value in a given direction that is much smaller than the displacement current density vector value in the direction. In the embodiments of the present application, the dielectric can be simply understood as a medium with a relative permittivity greater than 1 and a relative permeability equal to 1.

[0070] Magnetic medium: due to the interaction between the magnetic field and the matter, the physical matter is in a special state, so as to change the original distribution of the magnetic field. Under the action of the magnetic field, the internal state changes and in turn affects the existence or the substance of the magnetic field. In the embodiments of the present application, the magnetic medium can be simply understood as a medium with a relative magnetic permeability greater than 1 and a relative dielectric constant equal to 1.

[0071] Magnetic medium: a medium with both dielectric and magnetic properties. In the embodiments of the present application, the magnetic medium can be simply understood as a medium with both a relative dielectric constant and a relative magnetic permeability greater than 1.

[0072] It should be understood that, since the magnetic medium has the properties of part of the magnetic medium and part of the dielectric medium, the magnetic medium in the embodiments of the present application can be realized by the magnetic medium, and the relative dielectric constant and the relative magnetic permeability of the magnetic medium can be selected according to the actual production or design requirements.

[0073] Antenna pattern: also known as radiation pattern. It refers to the relative field strength (normalized modulus) of the antenna radiation field at a certain distance from the antenna, which changes with direction. It is usually represented by two mutually perpendicular plane patterns through the maximum radiation direction of the antenna.

[0074] The antenna pattern usually has multiple radiation beams. The radiation beam with the maximum intensity is called the main lobe, and the remaining radiation beams are called side lobes or side lobes. In the side lobe, the side lobe in the opposite direction of the main lobe is also called the back lobe.

[0075] Antenna return loss: can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port to the antenna port transmission power. The smaller the reflected signal, the greater the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the greater the antenna radiation efficiency. The greater the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the smaller the antenna radiation efficiency.

[0076] The antenna return loss can be represented by the S11 parameter, which belongs to one of the S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, which can represent the advantages and disadvantages of the antenna transmission efficiency. S11 parameter is usually negative, and the smaller the S11 parameter, the smaller the antenna return loss, and the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself, which means that the actual energy entering the antenna is greater, and the system efficiency of the antenna is higher. The larger the S11 parameter, the larger the antenna return loss, and the lower the system efficiency of the antenna.

[0077] It should be noted that in engineering, -6dB is generally taken as the standard for S11 value. When the S11 value of the antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or it can be considered that the transmission efficiency of the antenna is good.

[0078] Ground, or floor: can refer to at least a portion of any ground layer, or ground plate, or ground metal layer, etc. in an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of the above ground layer, or ground plate, or ground component, etc. The ground can be used for the ground of components in the electronic device. In one embodiment, the ground can be a ground layer of a circuit board of the electronic device, or a ground plate formed by a middle frame of the electronic device, or a ground metal layer formed by a metal film under a screen of the electronic device. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12-14 layer board with 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or elements separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric layer or an insulating layer such as glass fiber, polymer, etc.

[0079] The above ground layer, or ground plate, or ground metal layer is made of conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any of the following materials: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass and their alloys, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil on an insulating substrate, and tin-plated copper, graphite powder impregnated cloth, graphite coated substrate, copper plated substrate, brass plated substrate, and aluminum plated substrate. Those skilled in the art can understand that the ground layer / ground plate / ground metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0080] As shown in FIG. 1, the electronic device 10 can include a cover 13, a display module 15, a printed circuit board (PCB) 17, a middle frame 19, and a rear cover 21. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the cover 13 can be a cover glass, which can also be replaced by a cover of other materials, such as a cover of ultra-thin glass material, a cover of PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) material, etc. Figure 1 The cover 13 can be arranged close to the display module 15, and can be mainly used for protecting and dustproofing the display module 15.

[0081]

[0082] ​In an embodiment, the display module 15 can include a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display panel, or an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel, etc., and the present embodiment is not limited thereto.

[0083] The middle frame 19 mainly plays a supporting role for the whole machine. Figure 1 It is shown that the PCB 17 is arranged between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, and it can be understood that, in an embodiment, the PCB 17 can also be arranged between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto. The printed circuit board PCB 17 can be made of a flame-retardant material (FR-4) dielectric plate, a Rogers dielectric plate, a hybrid dielectric plate of Rogers and FR-4, etc. Here, FR-4 is a code of a flame-retardant material grade, and the Rogers dielectric plate is a high-frequency board. The PCB 17 carries electronic components such as radio frequency chips. In an embodiment, a metal layer can be arranged on the printed circuit board PCB 17. The metal layer can be used for grounding of the electronic components carried on the printed circuit board PCB 17, and can also be used for grounding of other components such as bracket antennas, frame antennas, etc. The metal layer can be referred to as a ground plate, or a grounding plate, or a grounding layer. In an embodiment, the metal layer can be formed by etching metal on the surface of any one layer of dielectric plate in the PCB 17. In an embodiment, the metal layer for grounding can be arranged on one side of the printed circuit board PCB 17 close to the middle frame 19. In an embodiment, the edge of the printed circuit board PCB 17 can be regarded as the edge of its grounding layer. In an embodiment, the metal middle frame 19 can also be used for grounding of the above-mentioned components. The electronic device 10 can also have other ground plates / grounding plates / grounding layers, as described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0084] The electronic device 10 can also include a battery (not shown in the figure). The battery can be arranged between the middle frame 19 and the back cover 21, or can be arranged between the middle frame 19 and the display module 15, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the PCB 17 is divided into a main board and a sub-board, and the battery can be arranged between the main board and the sub-board, wherein the main board can be arranged between the upper edge of the middle frame 19 and the battery, and the sub-board can be arranged between the lower edge of the middle frame 19 and the battery.

[0085] The electronic device 10 can also include a bezel 11, which can be formed of a conductive material such as metal. The bezel 11 can be disposed between the display module 15 and the back cover 21 and extend circumferentially around the periphery of the electronic device 10. The bezel 11 can have four sides that surround the display module 15 and help secure the display module 15. In one implementation, the bezel 11 made of metal material can be used directly as a metal bezel of the electronic device 10, forming a metal bezel appearance, which is suitable for a metal industrial design (ID). In another implementation, the appearance side of the bezel 11 can also be a non-metal material, such as a plastic bezel, forming a non-metal bezel appearance, which is suitable for a non-metal ID.

[0086] The middle frame 19 can include the bezel 11, and the middle frame 19 including the bezel 11 as a one-piece can support the electronic devices in the entire machine. The cover plate 13 and the back cover 21 are respectively covered along the upper and lower edges of the bezel to form the outer shell or housing of the electronic device. In one embodiment, the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the bezel 11, and / or the middle frame 19 can be collectively referred to as the outer shell or housing of the electronic device 10. It should be understood that the "outer shell or housing" can be used to refer to part or all of any one of the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the bezel 11, or the middle frame 19, or part or all of any combination of the cover plate 13, the back cover 21, the bezel 11, or the middle frame 19.

[0087] The bezel 11 on the middle frame 19 can at least partially serve as an antenna radiator to receive / transmit radio frequency signals. The portion of the bezel 11 that serves as the radiator can have a gap with the rest of the middle frame 19 to ensure that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment. In one embodiment, the middle frame 19 can be provided with an aperture at the portion of the bezel 11 that serves as the radiator to facilitate the radiation of the antenna.

[0088] Alternatively, the bezel 11 can not be considered as part of the middle frame 19. In one embodiment, the bezel 11 can be connected to and integrally formed with the middle frame 19. In another embodiment, the bezel 11 can include a protruding piece that extends inward to connect to the middle frame 19, for example, by a spring, a screw, welding, or the like. The protruding piece of the bezel 11 can also be used to receive a feed signal, so that at least a portion of the bezel 11 serves as an antenna radiator to receive / transmit radio frequency signals. The portion of the bezel 11 that serves as the radiator can have a gap with the middle frame 19 to ensure that the antenna radiator has a good radiation environment, so that the antenna has a good signal transmission function.

[0089] The back cover 21 can be made of metal; it can also be made of non-conductive material, such as a glass back cover, a plastic back cover, or other non-metallic back cover; or it can be made of both conductive and non-conductive materials. In one embodiment, the back cover 21, which includes conductive material, can replace the middle frame 19 and form an integral part with the frame 11, providing support for the electronic components in the whole device.

[0090] In one embodiment, conductive portions in the mid-frame 19 and / or rear cover 21 can serve as a reference ground for the electronic device 10, wherein the frame, PCB, etc. of the electronic device can be grounded through electrical connection with the mid-frame.

[0091] The antenna of the electronic device 10 can also be disposed within the frame 11. When the frame 11 of the electronic device 10 is made of a non-conductive material, the antenna radiator can be located within the electronic device 10 and positioned along the frame 11. For example, the antenna radiator can be positioned close to the frame 11 to minimize the volume occupied by the antenna radiator and to be closer to the outside of the electronic device 10, thereby achieving better signal transmission performance. It should be noted that "positioning the antenna radiator close to the frame 11" means that the antenna radiator can be positioned flush against the frame 11 or close to the frame 11, for example, there can be a small gap between the antenna radiator and the frame 11.

[0092] The antenna of electronic device 10 can also be housed inside the casing, such as a bracket antenna, millimeter-wave antenna, etc. Figure 1 (Not shown in the image). The clearance of the antenna disposed within the housing can be obtained by a slot / aperture on any of the middle frame, and / or side frame, and / or back cover, and / or display screen, or by a non-conductive gap / aperture formed between any of them. The clearance setting of the antenna can ensure the radiation performance of the antenna. It should be understood that the clearance of the antenna can be a non-conductive area formed by any conductive components within the electronic device 10, through which the antenna radiates signals to the external space. In one embodiment, the antenna 40 can be in the form of an antenna based on a flexible printed circuit (FPC), an antenna based on laser-direct-structuring (LDS), or a microstrip disk antenna (MDA), etc. In one embodiment, the antenna can also be a transparent structure embedded inside the screen of the electronic device 10, making the antenna a transparent antenna unit embedded inside the screen of the electronic device 10.

[0093] Figure 1 The electronic device 10 is shown only schematically, and the actual shape, size, and construction of these components are not subject to change. Figure 1 limited.

[0094] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the face where the display screen of the electronic device is located is considered as the front face, the face where the back cover is located is considered as the back face, and the face where the frame is located is considered as the side face.

[0095] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, when a user holds (usually holds vertically and faces the screen) the electronic device, the orientation of the electronic device is considered to have a top, a bottom, a left side and a right side.

[0096] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the equivalent magnetic current distribution of an antenna provided by the present application, which is introduced by Figure 2 to introduce the working modes to be involved in the present application.

[0097] As shown in Figure 2 , it is a schematic diagram of the equivalent magnetic current distribution of the antenna in several different transverse magnetic modes (TM modes), and the directivity and polarization of the antenna can be predicted according to the schematic diagram of the equivalent magnetic current distribution. The TM mode can be understood as that the radiation generated by the antenna has an electric field component in the propagation direction and no magnetic field component.

[0098] For different TM modes, the equivalent magnetic current distribution has the following rules:

[0099] (1) In the TMmn mode, the equivalent magnetic current has m zero points along the x-axis direction (since the distribution of the equivalent magnetic current is similar to the sine distribution, the equivalent magnetic current reverses on both sides of the zero point, and therefore, the reversal point of the equivalent magnetic current is the zero point), and n zero points along the y-axis direction.

[0100] (2) The distance between adjacent zero points in the same direction is λ / 2, and when there is only one zero point in the direction, the length of the patch in the direction is λ / 2, where λ is the working wavelength of the patch antenna.

[0101] For example, as shown in Figure 2 (a), it is a schematic diagram of the equivalent magnetic current distribution of the antenna in the TM01 mode. The antenna has one zero point in the y-axis direction, and therefore, the electrical length of the antenna in the y-axis direction is λ / 2. As shown in Figure 2 (b), it is a schematic diagram of the equivalent magnetic current distribution of the antenna in the TM10 mode. The antenna has one zero point in the x-axis direction, and therefore, the electrical length of the antenna in the x-axis direction is λ / 2. As shown in Figure 2 (c), it is a schematic diagram of the equivalent magnetic current distribution of the antenna in the TM11 mode. The antenna has one zero point in the x-axis direction and one zero point in the y-axis direction, and therefore, the electrical length of the antenna in the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction is λ / 2. As shown in Figure 2Figure (d) shows the equivalent magnetic current distribution of the antenna in TM02 mode. The antenna has two zeros in the y-axis direction; therefore, the electric length of the antenna in the y-axis direction is λ.

[0102] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the back cover 21 and the frame 11 in the electronic device 10.

[0103] like Figure 3 As shown in (a), when the back cover 21 is made of a conductive material (e.g., metal), it can be divided into multiple conductive parts by creating slots, which can serve as radiators for an antenna. For example, the back cover 21 can be divided into three parts by slots 1 and 2. The parts of the back cover on both sides of slots 1 and 2 serve as radiators for antenna 1 and antenna 2, respectively.

[0104] like Figure 3 As shown in (b), when the frame 11 is made of conductive material, multiple gaps can be opened on the frame, and the part of the frame between two adjacent gaps can serve as the radiator of the antenna.

[0105] It should be understood that since electronic devices use a metal exterior design, creating more gaps on the exterior surface of the electronic device will affect the integrity of the exterior surface (e.g., back cover or frame) and affect the aesthetics. However, making full use of the gaps that have already been created and setting up more antennas can achieve a balance between functionality and appearance for electronic devices.

[0106] Figure 4 This is a cavity antenna provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0107] like Figure 4 As shown, a cavity antenna utilizes a cavity enclosed by multiple metal surfaces to generate radiation. Typically, a cavity enclosed by multiple metal surfaces is called a metal cavity. Metal cavities can be enclosed within electronic devices using different conductive structures, thus maintaining the integrity of the electronic device's exterior appearance.

[0108] In cavity antennas, radiation is typically achieved by creating one or two vertical slits on the surface of a three-dimensional metal cavity.

[0109] for Figure 4 For the cavity antenna shown, the side length 'a' in the x-direction and the side length 'b' in the y-direction are related to the resonant frequency 'f' of the cavity antenna, satisfying the following formula:

[0110]

[0111] Where μ is the permeability and ε is the dielectric constant.

[0112] Due to the compact layout inside the electronic device, the space left for the antenna is not sufficient, and thus the cavity antenna needs to reduce its width (e.g., the length in the x direction) or the overall width of the metal cavity. For the cavity antenna shown in FIG. 1, the lowest working mode is TM11, and according to the above formula, if the length in the x direction is reduced to less than 10 mm, the working frequency of the cavity antenna will be higher than 15 GHz, which cannot meet the current Sub 6G frequency band requirement of electronic products. Figure 4

[0113] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna structure and an electronic device. The antenna structure can include a metal cavity with a relatively narrow width. Due to the relatively narrow width, the metal cavity can be flexibly arranged in the electronic device. For the electronic device, the antenna structure generates radiation through a gap formed in the length direction of the metal cavity. The gap is relatively narrow, and thus the existing slot in the electronic device or the slot between the existing conductive structures in the electronic device can be used, without the need to form a slot on the appearance surface of the electronic device, thereby maintaining the integrity of the appearance surface and increasing the aesthetic level.

[0114] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure 100 provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0115] As shown in FIG. 1, the antenna structure 100 can include a metal cavity 110. The metal cavity 110 can include a first metal surface 111 and a second metal surface 112 arranged opposite to each other, and a metal side surface 113. In an embodiment, the "opposite arrangement" in the antenna structure can be understood as that two metal structures (e.g., metal surfaces) are arranged face to face, and a medium or other insulating structure can be arranged between the two metal structures. In an embodiment, the "opposite arrangement" can be understood as that other conductive bodies as radiators can be arranged between the two metal structures. Figure 5

[0116] It should be understood that the "metal surface" in the embodiments of the present application includes a metal plane, and / or a metal curved surface, and / or a metal stepped surface, etc.

[0117] As shown in FIG. 1, the metal cavity 110 is a top view of the metal cavity 100. The metal side surface 113 includes a first side surface 1131, and a gap 120 is formed in the first side surface 1131. The gap 120 extends along a first direction (the first direction is the length direction of the metal cavity 110, e.g., the y direction). In an embodiment, the first metal surface 111 and the second metal surface 112 can be the surfaces corresponding to the two ends of the gap 120 on the metal cavity 110. Figure 6

[0118] ​​​It should be understood that the length direction can be understood as the direction in which the length of the metal cavity 110 is located (for example, the y direction). In one embodiment, the metal cavity 110 can be an irregular geometric body, and the length direction of the metal cavity 110 can also not be only a single direction. For example, the metal cavity 110 as a whole can be L-shaped, and the length direction of the L-shaped extension direction, rather than a single direction. The length direction can be understood as the extension direction of the metal side surface 113, or the direction in which the first metal surface 111 extends from the inside of the cavity to the second metal surface 112.

[0119] The ratio (L1 / W1) between the size L1 of the metal cavity 110 in the first direction (for example, the length in the y direction) and the size W1 of the metal cavity 110 in the second direction (for example, the length in the x direction) is greater than or equal to 4, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and parallel to the first side surface 1131. In one embodiment, the ratio (L1 / W1) between the size L1 of the metal cavity 110 in the first direction and the size W1 of the metal cavity 110 in the second direction is greater than or equal to 10.

[0120] In one embodiment, the metal side surface 113 extends between the first metal surface 111 and the second metal surface 112 in the first direction (for example, the length direction y direction), and the metal side surface 113 is connected to the first metal surface 111 and the second metal surface 112 along the edges of the first metal surface 111 and the second metal surface 113, respectively. The metal side surface 113 and the first metal surface 111 and the second metal surface 112 form the cavity of the metal cavity 110.

[0121] In one embodiment, the metal side surface 113 is connected to the first metal surface 111 and the second metal surface 112 along the edges of the first metal surface 111 and the second metal surface 113, respectively, which can be understood as the metal side surface 113 being connected at the edges of the first metal surface 111 and the second metal surface 113, respectively; it can also be understood that the metal side surface 113 is connected near the edges of the first metal surface 111 and the second metal surface 113, respectively; it can also be understood that the connection of the metal side surface 113 with the first metal surface 111 and the second metal surface 113 forms the corresponding edges of the first metal surface 111 and the second metal surface 113.

[0122] In one embodiment, the space surrounded by the first metal surface 111, the second metal surface 112 and the metal side surface 113 is the cavity of the metal cavity 110. It should be understood that the cavity of the metal cavity can be understood as the internal space of the metal cavity. In one embodiment, the "cavity" can be air, medium or other insulating structure. In one embodiment, other conductive bodies as radiators can also be provided in the "cavity".

[0123] As shown in FIG. 1, the antenna structure 100 includes a metal cavity 110, a first metal surface 111, a second metal surface 112, a feed unit 130, and a feed line 140. The metal cavity 110 is a closed structure, and the first metal surface 111 and the second metal surface 112 are respectively arranged at two opposite ends of the metal cavity 110 in a length direction. The feed unit 130 is arranged on the first metal surface 111, and the feed line 140 is arranged on the second metal surface 112. The feed line 140 is electrically connected to the feed unit 130. Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 1, the antenna structure 100 includes a metal cavity 110, a first metal surface 111, a second metal surface 112, a feed unit 130, and a feed line 140. The metal cavity 110 is a closed structure, and the first metal surface 111 and the second metal surface 112 are respectively arranged at two opposite ends of the metal cavity 110 in a length direction. The feed unit 130 is arranged on the first metal surface 111, and the feed line 140 is arranged on the second metal surface 112. The feed line 140 is electrically connected to the feed unit 130.

[0124] It should be understood that the resonant frequency of the antenna structure 100 is related to the equivalent capacitance and the equivalent inductance of the metal cavity 110. The width (for example, the size of the metal cavity 110 in the second direction) of the metal cavity 110 is related to the equivalent inductance of the metal cavity 110, and as the width W1 decreases, the equivalent inductance of the metal cavity 110 decreases, and the resonant frequency of the antenna structure 100 shifts to a high frequency. The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present application can form a distributed capacitance by using the metal piece 121 at the gap 120, thereby increasing the capacitance value of the equivalent capacitance of the metal cavity 110, so that the resonant frequency of the antenna structure 100 remains unchanged while the width of the metal cavity 110 is reduced. Since the width of the metal cavity 110 is reduced, the antenna structure 100 can be arranged in an electronic device. At the same time, since the metal cavity 110 is a closed structure, it should be understood that the closed metal cavity structure in the present application should be understood as being closed in the length direction of the metal cavity 110. Since the first metal surface 111 and the second metal surface 112 are respectively arranged in the length direction, the conductive structures or components outside the metal cavity 110 are not easy to affect the radiation performance of the metal cavity, because the metal cavity of the present application can be more flexibly arranged at any position of the electronic device.

[0125] In one embodiment, the size of the metal piece 121 in the first direction can be substantially the same as the size L2 of the gap in the first direction, for example, substantially the same can be understood as the size of the metal piece 121 in the first direction being within the range of (80-100)% of the size L2 of the gap in the first direction. It should be understood that as the size of the metal piece 121 in the first direction increases, the capacitance value of the distributed capacitance formed can be further increased, thereby reducing the width of the metal cavity while the resonant frequency remains unchanged. In one embodiment, on the first side, the metal piece 121 is continuously arranged along the position where the gap is opened, and the metal piece extends from the first side into the cavity of the metal cavity.

[0126] In one embodiment, the size W1 of the metal cavity 110 in the second direction can satisfy W1≤10mm, so that the antenna structure 100 can be arranged in an electronic device.

[0127] In one embodiment, the size W1 of the metal cavity 110 in the second direction is less than or equal to one-eighth of a first wavelength, the first wavelength being a wavelength corresponding to a first frequency band (e.g., a resonance point in the frequency band or a center frequency of the frequency band), and the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 100 includes the first frequency band. In one embodiment, the first wavelength can be a vacuum wavelength. In one embodiment, the first wavelength can be a medium wavelength, and when the first wavelength is a medium wavelength, the size W1 of the metal cavity 110 in the second direction is increased by twenty percent (8% x 120%) than when the first wavelength is a vacuum wavelength due to the shortened wavelength.

[0128] In one embodiment, the size L1 of the metal cavity 110 in the first direction can be greater than one-fourth of the first wavelength and less than three-fourths of the first wavelength. In one embodiment, the first wavelength can be a medium wavelength, and reference can be made to the description above.

[0129] In one embodiment, the metal cavity 110 can be filled with a medium, and the medium can include at least one of a magnetic medium, an electric medium, or a magneto-electric medium. It should be understood that when the metal cavity 110 is filled with a medium, the corresponding medium wavelength at which the antenna structure 100 resonates can be shortened, and the size (e.g., width) of the metal cavity 110 can be further reduced.

[0130] In one embodiment, the metal side surface 113 can include a first side surface 1131, a second side surface 1132, a third side surface 1133, and a fourth side surface 1134, as shown in FIG. 1C. Figure 7 The first edge of each of the first side surface 1131, the second side surface 1132, the third side surface 1133, and the fourth side surface 1134 can be connected to the first metal surface, the third edge of each of the first side surface 1131, the second side surface 1132, the third side surface 1133, and the fourth side surface 1134 can be connected to the second metal surface, and the second edge and the fourth edge of each of the first side surface 1131, the second side surface 1132, the third side surface 1133, and the fourth side surface 1134 can be connected to the adjacent surface. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application only take the metal cavity 110 as an example of a rectangle, and when the metal cavity 110 is a cylinder, the metal side surface 113 can be an arc surface, or when the metal cavity 110 is a ring, the metal side surface 113 can be composed of two planes and an arc surface, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0131] In one embodiment, the slit 120 can be disposed at a central region of the first side surface 1131 (e.g., the distance between the slit 120 and the second side surface 1132 and the fourth side surface 1134 is substantially the same), as shown in FIG. 1C(a). Alternatively, in one embodiment, the slit 120 can also be disposed at a position close to the second side surface 1132 of the first side surface 1131, as shown in FIG. 1C(b). It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific position of the slit 120 on the first side surface 1131. Figure 7 Figure 7

[0132] ​​In one embodiment, the antenna structure 100 can include two metal pieces 121 connected with the first side surface 1131 at the first side and the second side of the slot 120 respectively, as shown in (a) of FIG. 1. Figure 7 The two metal pieces 121 are oppositely arranged to form a distributed capacitance.

[0133] In one embodiment, the slot 120 is arranged at the edge of the first side surface 1131, and the slot 120 is formed by the first side surface 1131 and the second side surface 1132. The antenna structure 100 can include only one metal piece 121 connected with the first side surface 1131 at one side of the slot 120, and the metal piece 121 is oppositely arranged with the second side surface 1132 to form a distributed capacitance between the metal piece 121 and the second side surface 1132, as shown in (b) of FIG. 1. Figure 7 Alternatively, in one embodiment, the slot 120 is arranged at the region of the first side surface 1131 close to the second side surface 1132, the metal piece 121 is connected with the first side surface 1131 at the first side of the slot 120, the metal piece 121 is oppositely arranged with the second side surface 1132, and the distance between the first side of the slot 120 and the second side surface 1132 is greater than the distance between the second side of the slot 120 and the second side surface 1132.

[0134] In one embodiment, a metal wall 122 can also be arranged in the metal cavity, as shown in (a) of FIG. 1. The first end of the metal wall 122 is arranged between the two metal pieces 121 at the slot 120, and the other end can be electrically connected with any one of the side surfaces of the metal cavity. The dimension of the metal wall 122 in the third direction is smaller than the dimension of the metal cavity in the third direction, and the third direction is the direction perpendicular to the first side surface (the first side surface) where the slot is located (for example, the z direction). Arranging the metal wall 122 between the two metal pieces 121 can increase the capacitance value of the formed distributed capacitance. Figure 8 In one embodiment, the metal piece 121 is connected with the first side surface 1131 at the first side of the slot 120, and part of the metal piece 121 is bent along the fourth direction and oppositely arranged with the first side surface 1131 at the second side of the slot 120, the fourth direction is the direction in which the first side of the slot 120 points to the second side of the slot 120 (for example, the x direction), and the distance between the first side of the slot 120 and the second side surface 1132 is greater than the distance between the second side of the slot 120 and the second side surface 1132. The metal piece 121 is parallel to the first side surface 1131 at the second side of the slot 120, and a distributed capacitance is formed between the metal piece 121 at the first side of the slot 120 and the first side surface 1131 at the second side of the slot 120, as shown in (b) of FIG. 1.

[0135] Figure 8

[0136] ​​In the above embodiment, the metal piece 121 at the edge of the slot 120 is taken as an example for description. In one embodiment, the metal piece 121 can also be connected with the metal side within a certain range from the slot 120, such as Figure 9 (a) or (b).

[0137] It should be understood that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the form of the distributed capacitance formed by the side of the metal cavity at the slot, which can be adjusted according to the actual internal layout.

[0138] In one embodiment, the antenna structure 100 can further include a variable capacitance, and the first end and the second end of the variable capacitance can be electrically connected with the sides of the two sides of the slot 120 respectively, so that the capacitance value of the variable capacitance formed by the two sides of the slot 120 changes, thereby making the antenna structure 100 resonate at different frequencies.

[0139] It should be understood that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific shape of the metal cavity 110, which can be determined according to the internal layout of the actual electronic device. For the sake of brevity of the discussion, the embodiment of the present application only takes the metal cavity 110 as a rectangle for example. In one embodiment, the metal cavity can be a right angle shape, such as shown in (a) of Figure 10 . Alternatively, the metal cavity can be a three-edge shape, such as shown in (b) of Figure 10 . Alternatively, the metal cavity can be a ring shape, such as shown in (c) of Figure 10 . When the metal cavity is a closed ring shape (an open ring shape can be understood as C-shaped in (c) of Figure 10 ), the first metal surface and the second metal surface can be understood as any cross section of the metal cavity between the two ends of the slot in the direction perpendicular to the plane where the slot is located.

[0140] Similarly, the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific shape of the slot 120 on the metal cavity 110, which can be determined according to the shape of the metal cavity. In one embodiment, the metal cavity can be a right angle shape, and correspondingly, the slot can be a right angle shape. Alternatively, the metal cavity can be a three-edge shape, and correspondingly, the slot can be a U-shaped. Alternatively, the metal cavity can be a ring shape, and correspondingly, the slot can be a C-shaped. Alternatively, the slot 120 can also be in any shape, for example, an arc shape, or a zigzag shape.

[0141] In one embodiment, the length L2 of the slot 120 and the length L1 of the metal cavity 110 can satisfy: L2≥L1×80%. It should be understood that the length L1 of the slot 120 is related to the capacitance value of the distributed capacitance formed at the slot 120. With the increase of the length L1 of the slot 120, the capacitance value of the distributed capacitance formed at the slot 120 increases, so that the width W1 of the metal cavity 110 can be reduced.

[0142] In one embodiment, the width W2 of the slit 120 can satisfy: W2≤2mm. It should be understood that the width W2 of the slit 120 is related to the capacitance value of the distributed capacitance formed at the slit 120. As the width W2 of the slit 120 decreases, the capacitance value of the distributed capacitance formed at the slit 120 increases, so that the width W1 of the metal cavity 110 can be reduced.

[0143] In the above embodiments, the first metal surface 111 and the second metal surface 112 are taken as examples of complete metal surfaces. In one embodiment, the first metal surface 111 or the second metal surface 112 can be composed of a plurality of metal vias, which can be equivalent to a metal surface when the distance between the metal vias is less than a first threshold value. In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of the antenna structure includes a sub 6G frequency band, and the first threshold value can be 1mm.

[0144] In one embodiment, the antenna structure 100 can further include a feeding unit 130, as shown in Figure 7 .

[0145] In one embodiment, the feeding unit 130 can be electrically connected between the metal parts on both sides of the slit 120, for feeding an electrical signal to the antenna structure 100, as shown in Figure 7 . In one embodiment, the feeding unit 130 can be electrically connected between the metal parts on both sides of any position of the slit 120 in the length direction, for example, can be arranged at a position close to the end of the slit 120, and the present embodiment does not limit this.

[0146] In one embodiment, the metal side surface 113 can include a first feeding point 131 and a second feeding point 132, as shown in Figure 11 . The feeding unit 130 can be electrically connected between the first feeding point 131 and the second feeding point 132, for feeding an electrical signal to the antenna structure 100. It should be understood that the feeding unit 130 can form a small current loop using the side surface 133 of the metal cavity, and feed an electrical signal to the antenna structure 100 through the structure of the small current loop. In one embodiment, as shown in (a) of Figure 11 , the first feeding point 131 and the second feeding point 132 can be respectively arranged on the surfaces of the fourth side surface 1134 and the third side surface 1133 connected to the inside of the metal cavity, or, in one embodiment, as shown in (b) and (c) of Figure 11 , the first feeding point 131 can be arranged on the metal part connected at the slit, and the second feeding point 132 can be arranged on the third side surface 1133 or the fourth side surface 1134. Figure 11 only shows several possible layout cases, and in actual applications, the inside of the metal cavity can also be determined, and the present embodiment does not limit this.

[0147] It should be understood that the various feeding methods provided in the embodiments of this application are beneficial for the antenna structure 100 to select different structures for feeding according to different layout conditions, and the feeding structure can be flexibly selected.

[0148] Figure 12 yes Figure 5 The S-parameter diagram of the antenna structure 100 shown is presented.

[0149] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, the embodiments in this application are only illustrated using the metal cavity with dimensions of (L1×W1)50mm×6mm as an example. Figure 5 In the antenna structure 100 shown, the slot is located in the central region of the first side surface, and through... Figure 8 The distributed capacitor is formed in the manner of (a) in the figure, and the feeding unit is electrically connected between the metal parts on both sides of the gap to feed the electrical signal into the antenna structure 100.

[0150] like Figure 12 As shown, the S-parameters (S11) of the antenna structure are as follows when the slot width is different. As the slot width increases, the capacitance value of the equivalent capacitance formed on both sides of the slot decreases, and the resonance generated by the antenna structure shifts to higher frequencies.

[0151] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure 100 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0152] Compared to Figure 5 The antenna structure 100 shown is in Figure 13 In the antenna structure 100 shown, the slot 120 is located on the first side 1131 of the metal cavity 110 near the second side 1132.

[0153] like Figure 13 As shown in (b), since the slot 120 is located on the first side 1131 near the second side 1132, the metal part 121 is connected to the first side 1131 on the first side of the slot 120. The metal part 121 and the second side 1132 are arranged facing each other, forming a distributed capacitance. The structure is simple and easy to implement. Furthermore, compared to... Figure 5 The antenna structure 100 shown has a metal cavity filled with a dielectric material, so that the resonant frequency of the antenna structure 100 is reduced when the metal cavity has the same width.

[0154] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 The S-parameter diagram of the antenna structure 100 shown is presented.

[0155] It should be understood that, for the sake of brevity, the embodiments in this application are only illustrated using an example with a metal cavity size of (L1×W1)70mm×6mm. Figure 13As shown in (b) of FIG. 1, the feeding unit feeds the antenna structure 100 with electric signals through a small current loop structure.

[0156] As shown in (a) of FIG. 1, the antenna structure 100 in the above embodiment can be applied to an electronic device 10. Figure 14 As shown in (a) of FIG. 1, the antenna structure 100 in the above embodiment can be applied to an electronic device 10. Figure 13 As shown in (b) of FIG. 1, the feeding unit feeds the antenna structure 100 with electric signals through a small current loop structure.

[0157] Figure 15 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0158] As shown in (a) of FIG. 1, the antenna structure 100 in the above embodiment can be applied to an electronic device 10. Figure 15 As shown in (a) of FIG. 1, the antenna structure 100 in the above embodiment can be applied to an electronic device 10.

[0159] As shown in (b) of FIG. 1, the feeding unit feeds the antenna structure 100 with electric signals through a small current loop structure. Figure 15 As shown in (b) of FIG. 1, the feeding unit feeds the antenna structure 100 with electric signals through a small current loop structure.

[0160] In an embodiment, the gap 120 can be surrounded by the display screen 15 and the frame 11.

[0161] In an embodiment, the antenna structure 100 further includes a metal connecting piece 141 arranged on the surface of the bracket 140, and the metal connecting piece 141 is electrically connected between the display screen 15 and the back cover 21. In an embodiment, at least part of the frame 11, at least part of the display screen 15, at least part of the back cover 21 and the metal connecting piece 141 can surround the metal side of the metal cavity of the antenna structure in the above embodiment.

[0162] In an embodiment, the bracket 140 can be provided with a metal layer on part or all of the surface close to the display screen 15 or close to the back cover 21, so as to avoid a gap between the bracket 140 and the display screen 15 or the back cover 21, and to improve the performance of the antenna structure 100.

[0163] In an embodiment, the metal connecting piece 141 can be provided with a avoiding hole 142, and at least part of the PCB 17 of the electronic device can pass through the avoiding hole 142 and enter the metal cavity, as shown in (b) of FIG. 1. Figure 15As shown in (c) in the figure.

[0164] In one embodiment, the feeding unit 130 can be disposed on the PCB 17 and can feed the antenna structure through a small current loop. The feeding unit 130 can be electrically connected at a first feeding point to the side formed by the frame 11, the display screen 15, the back cover 21, and the metal connector 141, as shown below. Figure 16 As shown. Figure 16 As shown in (a), the first power supply point can be located on the metal part 121. Or, as... Figure 16 As shown in (b), the first power supply point can be located on the display screen 15. Alternatively, as... Figure 16 As shown in (c), the first power supply point can be located on the rear cover 21. Or, as... Figure 16 As shown in (d) above, the first feed point can be located on the frame 11. In one embodiment, as... Figure 15 As shown in (c), the power supply unit can be electrically connected to the metal connector 141 at the second power supply point via the spring 143 to realize a small current loop structure. Figure 16 Only a few possible layouts are shown in the figure. In actual applications, the layout can also be determined based on the internal space of the metal cavity. This application does not limit the scope of the embodiments.

[0165] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of another electronic device 10 provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0166] like Figure 17 As shown, the electronic device 10 may include antenna structure 101, antenna structure 102, antenna structure 103 and antenna structure 104, and antenna structure 101, antenna structure 102, antenna structure 103 and antenna structure 104 may be the antenna structure 100 in any of the above embodiments.

[0167] It should be understood that the electronic device 10 may include multiple antenna structures. For the sake of brevity, this application embodiment only uses four antenna structures as an example for illustration. In actual applications, this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0168] In one embodiment, the operating frequency bands of antenna structures 101, 102, 103, and 104 may all include the first frequency band. For example, antenna structures 101, 102, 103, and 104 are antenna structures operating at the same frequency. Alternatively, in one embodiment, antenna structures 101, 102, 103, and 104 operate at different frequency bands, respectively, in different communication frequency bands.

[0169] Figure 18 yes Figure 17S-parameters of the antenna structure shown in the middle.

[0170] As shown in Figure 18 , the antenna structure 101, the antenna structure 102, the antenna structure 103 and the antenna structure 104 can all resonate near 2.42 GHz (Sii), and the antenna structure 101, the antenna structure 102, the antenna structure 103 and the antenna structure 104 are co-frequency antenna structures.

[0171] In addition, since the metal cavity in the antenna structure is a closed structure, it is less affected by the external electromagnetic environment, and therefore, the antenna structures have good isolation (Sij) between them, and the isolation is greater than 25 dB near the 2.42 GHz frequency band. The antenna structure 101, the antenna structure 102, the antenna structure 103 and the antenna structure 104 can all be used as sub-units in a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system.

[0172] Figure 19 is another electronic device 20 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0173] As shown in Figure 19 , the electronic device 20 can include a metal shell 201 and a display screen 202, and the display screen 202 can be disposed in the shell 201.

[0174] In one embodiment, the electronic device 20 can include an antenna structure 200. The antenna structure 200 can be the antenna structure in any of the above embodiments. It should be understood that the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application can form the above-mentioned antenna structure by using at least part of the shell 201 and at least part of the display screen 202.

[0175] In one embodiment, the slot 220 of the antenna structure 200 can be formed on the shell 201, for example, the slot 220 can be formed on the surface of the shell 201 close to the display screen 202, as shown in (a) and (b) of Figure 19 .

[0176] In one embodiment, the slot 220 of the antenna structure 200 can be formed on the display screen 202, for example, the slot 220 can be formed on the intersection area of the two edges of the display screen 202, as shown in (c) of Figure 19 .

[0177] In one embodiment, the electronic device 20 can be a smart screen.

[0178] It should be understood that for the all-metal electronic device 20, apart from the plane containing the display screen 202, the other five surfaces are all metal. For example, the electronic device 20 can be a smart screen. Typically, the antenna structure of this electronic device 20 is located behind the display screen 202. Because the display screen 202 obstructs the antenna structure, its radiation in the direction of the display screen is weak (weak signal coverage and poor signal reception), resulting in a deterioration in the electronic device's reception of user commands. According to the technical solution provided in the embodiments of this application, the antenna structure in the above embodiments can be formed using an all-metal design shell or display screen, achieving good signal coverage in front of the display screen (front-facing direction).

[0179] Figure 20 to Figure 22 yes Figure 19 The radiation pattern of the antenna structure 200 in the electronic device 20 is shown. Figure 20 yes Figure 19 The radiation pattern of the antenna structure 200 in the electronic device 20 shown in (a) is shown. Figure 21 yes Figure 19 The radiation pattern of the antenna structure 200 in the electronic device 20 shown in (b) is shown. Figure 22 yes Figure 19 The radiation pattern of the antenna structure 200 in the electronic device 20 shown in (c) is shown.

[0180] like Figure 20 As shown in (a) in the figure, Figure 19 The three-dimensional radiation pattern of antenna structure 200 shown in (a) is as follows. Figure 20 As shown in (b) in the figure, Figure 19 The two-dimensional (yoz plane) radiation pattern of antenna structure 200 shown in (a) is illustrated. Figure 20 As shown, when the antenna structure in the above embodiment is formed by using the casing of an electronic device (the gap in the antenna structure is opened on the casing surface in the x direction near the display screen), good radiation can be generated in the front direction of the screen, and good signal coverage can be achieved.

[0181] like Figure 21 As shown in (a) in the figure, Figure 19 The three-dimensional radiation pattern of antenna structure 200 shown in (b) is as follows. Figure 21 As shown in (b) in the figure, Figure 19 The two-dimensional (yoz plane) radiation pattern of antenna structure 200 shown in (b) is as follows. Figure 20 As shown, when the antenna structure in the above embodiment is formed by using the casing of an electronic device (the gap in the antenna structure is opened on the casing surface in the y direction near the display screen), good radiation can be generated in the front direction of the screen, and good signal coverage can be achieved.

[0182] like Figure 22As shown in (a) in the figure, Figure 19 The three-dimensional radiation pattern of antenna structure 200 shown in (c) is as follows. Figure 20 As shown in (b) in the figure, Figure 19 The two-dimensional (yoz plane) radiation pattern of antenna structure 200 is shown in (c) above. Figure 20 As shown, when the display screen of an electronic device is used to form the antenna structure in the above embodiment (the gap of the antenna structure is opened in the junction area of ​​the two edges of the display screen), good radiation can be generated in the direction in front of the screen, and good signal coverage can be achieved.

[0183] Figure 23 and Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of another electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0184] It should be understood that the electronic devices mentioned in the above embodiments are used only as examples. In actual applications, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application can also be applied to other electronic devices that include metal parts.

[0185] In one embodiment, the technical solution provided in this application can be applied to a Bluetooth speaker, such as... Figure 23 As shown. The antenna structure in the above embodiment is formed by the panel and housing of the Bluetooth speaker. The panel and housing form a gap in the antenna structure to achieve radiation.

[0186] In one embodiment, the technical solution provided in this application can be applied to wearable devices, such as... Figure 24 As shown, the antenna structure in the above embodiment is formed using the metal portion of a wearable device.

[0187] Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0188] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0189] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device and method can be implemented in other manners. For example, the division of the above-described device embodiment is only a logical function division, and there can be another division manner for actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections between different units, or the mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections illustrated or discussed are merely conceptual; for example, they can be implemented in an electrical or other form, or logic, or a combination thereof, to actually implement the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between units.

[0190] The above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed in the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized by The antenna structure comprises: a metal cavity comprising a first metal surface and a second metal surface arranged opposite to each other, and a metal side surface extending between the first metal surface and the second metal surface in a first direction, and connected to the first metal surface and the second metal surface along edges of the first metal surface and edges of the second metal surface respectively, and wherein the metal side surface and the first metal surface and the second metal surface form a cavity of the metal cavity, the first direction being a length direction of the metal cavity; the metal side surface comprises a first side surface on which a slit is formed, the slit extending in the first direction; and a first metal piece arranged in the cavity of the metal cavity, the first metal piece being connected to the first side surface on a first side of the slit, and a dimension of the first metal piece in the first direction being greater than or equal to half of a dimension of the slit in the first direction.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein: a ratio of a dimension L1 of the metal cavity in the first direction to a dimension W1 of the metal cavity in a second direction is greater than or equal to 4, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction, and the second direction is parallel to the first side surface.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 2, wherein: a dimension L2 of the slit in the first direction and a dimension L1 of the metal cavity in the first direction satisfy: L2≥L1×80%.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 2, wherein: the dimension W1 of the metal cavity in the second direction satisfies: W1≤10mm.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 2, wherein: a working frequency band of the antenna structure comprises a first frequency band; the dimension W1 of the metal cavity in the second direction is less than or equal to one eighth of a first wavelength corresponding to the first frequency band. a width W2 of the slit satisfies: W2≤2mm.

6. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The antenna structure further comprises:

7. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, a second metal piece arranged in the cavity of the metal cavity, the second metal piece being connected to the first side surface on a second side of the slit, and the first metal piece and the second metal piece being arranged opposite to each other.

8. The antenna structure according to claim 7, wherein: the antenna structure further comprises a metal wall located in the cavity of the metal cavity; a first end of the metal wall is located between the first metal piece and the second metal piece, and a second end of the metal wall is electrically connected to the metal side surface.

9. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein: the metal side surface comprises a second side surface connected to the first side surface, a first edge of the first side surface and a first edge of the second side surface being connected to the first metal surface, a second edge of the first side surface and a second edge of the second side surface being connected to each other, and a third edge of the first side surface and a third edge of the second side surface being connected to the second metal surface. ​ The first metal piece is arranged opposite to the second side, and the distance between the first side of the slot and the second side is greater than the distance between the second side of the slot and the second side.

10. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, the metal side includes a second side connected to the first side, a first edge of the first side and a first edge of the second side are connected to the first metal surface, a second edge of the first side and a second edge of the second side are connected, a third edge of the first side and a third edge of the second side are connected to the second metal surface; a part of the first metal piece is bent along a third direction and arranged opposite to a first side of the second side of the slot, the third direction is a direction in which the first side of the slot points to the second side of the slot, and the distance between the first side of the slot and the second side is greater than the distance between the second side of the slot and the second side.

11. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, the antenna structure further includes a feeding unit; the metal side includes a first feeding point and a second feeding point, and the feeding unit is electrically connected between the first feeding point and the second feeding point.

12. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, the antenna structure further includes a feeding unit; the feeding unit is electrically connected between the metal parts on both sides of the slot.

13. The antenna structure of claim 1, wherein, The ratio of the size L1 of the metal cavity in the first direction to the size W1 of the metal cavity in the second direction is greater than or equal to 10.

14. An electronic device, comprising: including: The antenna structure of any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The electronic device of claim 14, wherein, the electronic device further includes a conductive bezel, a display screen, and a conductive back cover; the metal side of the metal cavity of the antenna structure includes a part of the bezel, a part of the display screen, and a part of the back cover.

16. The electronic device of claim 15, wherein, the antenna structure further includes a bracket; the first metal piece is arranged on a surface of the bracket.

17. The electronic device of claim 16, wherein, the surface of the bracket further includes a metal connecting piece, the metal connecting piece is electrically connected between the display screen and the back cover; a part of the conductive bezel, a part of the display screen, a part of the conductive back cover, and the metal connecting piece enclose the metal side of the metal cavity of the antenna structure.

18. The electronic device of claim 17, wherein, the electronic device further includes a printed circuit board (PCB); the metal connecting piece includes a relief hole, and a part of the PCB passes through the relief hole; the antenna structure further includes a feeding unit, the feeding unit is located on the PCB, and one end of the feeding unit is electrically connected to the metal connecting piece.

19. The electronic device of claim 14, wherein, the electronic device further includes a display screen and a metal shell, and the metal cavity of the antenna structure includes at least part of the metal shell and at least part of the display screen.

20. The electronic device of claim 19, wherein, The electronic device is a smart screen.

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