Electrical pulse crushing reactor and solid material crushing processing system

Abstract

The application relates to an electric pulse breaking reactor and a solid material breaking processing system. The inside of a reactor body is formed into a reaction chamber. A pressurizing valve is arranged on the outer wall of the reactor body. The pressurizing valve is communicated with the reaction chamber and is used for feeding high-pressure gas into the reaction chamber. A first high-pressure sleeve and a second high-pressure sleeve are respectively arranged on the reactor body. A first hollow electrode and a second hollow electrode are respectively arranged on the side wall of the reaction chamber. The first hollow electrode and the second hollow electrode are spaced to form a reaction channel. The reaction chamber is filled with high-pressure gas, and a discharge phenomenon is generated to form a high-pressure pulse electric spark. Since the high-pressure air can form an insulation effect, the direct air breakdown and the surface discharge phenomenon are inhibited, the generated high-pressure pulse electric spark can effectively break the solid material in the reaction channel, and a good material breaking effect is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of solid material processing, and in particular to an electric pulse crushing reactor and a solid material crushing and processing system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, many traditional high-pollution and high-emission production methods can no longer meet the demands of green development. High-voltage pulsed discharge technology, due to its advantages such as cleanliness, high energy efficiency, low fine powder generation, low electrode wear, and strong dissociation, has gained attention in recent years in various fields, including wastewater treatment, materials processing, rock crushing, mineral processing, and resource recycling. The mechanism of high-voltage pulsed discharge in water can be divided into two categories: electrohydraulic effect crushing and electrical breakdown crushing. The former generates an electric spark channel inside the sample, which expands to create tensile stress and crushes the solid; the latter utilizes the electrohydraulic effect, where the electric spark channel expands, generating a shock wave that crushes the solid from the outside. Since the compressive strength of most solid particles such as rocks and ores is much higher than their tensile strength, electrical breakdown crushing has a better application prospect in terms of energy utilization than electrohydraulic effect crushing for crushing granular solids.

[0003] Under normal circumstances, the electrical breakdown strength of solids is much higher than that of media such as water and air, and water's conductivity can hinder the breakdown effect. Therefore, in practical applications of high-voltage pulse discharge crushing methods, the crushing purpose is generally achieved by shortening the output pulse leading edge, compressing the pulse duration, and increasing the instantaneous power (leading edge time <500ns). Furthermore, in many engineering applications of high-voltage pulse discharge crushing, tap water has been successfully used to replace deionized water, significantly reducing operating costs. However, even with tap water, many defects and problems still restrict the further expansion of the application scope of high-voltage pulse discharge technology. Therefore, the industry is actively exploring the possibility of using gas as a medium for high-voltage pulse crushing of solid particles. There has been some preliminary exploration in the industry regarding the difficulties of high-voltage pulse crushing using air as a medium. However, solid particles in a gaseous environment are prone to direct gas breakdown or surface discharge, leading to poor crushing results. Specifically, in a uniform electric field, the breakdown field strength of air is only about 3kV / mm. Considering the factor of surface flashover, even with an extremely short pulse leading edge, it is still difficult to achieve internal breakdown of the solid particles. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an electric pulse crushing reactor and a solid material crushing and processing system to address the problem of poor solid material crushing effect due to limitations in direct gas breakdown or surface discharge.

[0005] A first aspect of this application provides an electric pulse crushing reactor, comprising:

[0006] The reactor body has a reaction chamber inside, and a pressure valve is provided on the outer wall of the reactor body. The pressure valve is connected to the reaction chamber and is used to introduce high-pressure gas into the reaction chamber.

[0007] A first high-pressure bushing and a second high-pressure bushing, the first high-pressure bushing and the second high-pressure bushing being respectively installed on the reactor body; and...

[0008] A first hollow electrode and a second hollow electrode are respectively installed on the side wall of the reaction chamber, and the first hollow electrode and the second hollow electrode are spaced apart to form a reaction channel.

[0009] The electric pulse crushing reactor of this scheme is applied to a solid material crushing and processing system, that is, for crushing solid materials. During operation, the solid material is fed into the reaction chamber of the reactor body and moves along the reaction channel formed by the first hollow electrode and the second hollow electrode. Since the first high-voltage bushing and the second high-voltage bushing are connected to the high-voltage electric pulse generator, and the pressurization valve is connected to the air compressor, the high-voltage electric pulse generator and the air compressor can be started respectively to fill the reaction chamber with high-pressure gas. At the same time, a discharge phenomenon is generated to form a high-voltage pulse electric spark. Since the high-pressure air can form an insulating effect, it suppresses the direct breakdown of air and the phenomenon of surface discharge, so that the generated high-voltage pulse electric spark can effectively break down the solid material in the reaction channel and obtain a good material crushing effect.

[0010] The technical solution of this application will be further described below:

[0011] In one embodiment, the reactor body has an inlet and a outlet on two opposite sides, which are respectively connected to the reaction channel.

[0012] In one embodiment, the electric pulse crushing reactor further includes a first door and a second door, the first door being movably disposed on the reactor body and capable of opening or closing the feed inlet, and the second door being movably disposed on the reactor body and capable of opening or closing the discharge outlet.

[0013] In one embodiment, a first seal is installed on the side of the first hatch facing the reactor body, and when the first hatch is in the closed position, the first seal seals against the periphery of the feed inlet.

[0014] A second seal is installed on the side of the second door facing the reactor body. When the second door is in the closed position, the second seal seals against the periphery of the discharge port.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first hollow electrode and the second hollow electrode are arranged vertically and relative to each other in the height direction of the reaction chamber, the end face of the first hollow electrode facing the second hollow electrode is provided with a first narrow slit, and the end face of the second hollow electrode facing the first hollow electrode is provided with a second narrow slit.

[0016] In one embodiment, the top wall of the reaction chamber is provided with a mounting groove, which extends along the direction from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet, and the first hollow electrode is detachably slidably mounted in the mounting groove;

[0017] The device has multiple first hollow electrodes, each with a different size. Any one of the first hollow electrodes can be selectively installed into the mounting groove so that the distance between the first hollow electrode and the second hollow electrode is adjustable.

[0018] In one embodiment, the bottom wall of the reaction chamber is provided with a material guiding groove, which extends along the direction from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet, and the second hollow electrode is arranged at the bottom of the material guiding groove;

[0019] Both the first hollow electrode and the second hollow electrode are strip-shaped electrodes.

[0020] In one embodiment, the electric pulse crushing reactor further includes a pressure relief valve disposed on the reactor body and communicating with the reaction chamber.

[0021] A second aspect of this application provides a solid material crushing and processing system, comprising:

[0022] The electric pulse crushing reactor as described above;

[0023] A high-voltage electric pulse generator, wherein the first connection terminal of the high-voltage electric pulse generator is electrically connected to the first high-voltage bushing, and the second connection terminal of the high-voltage electric pulse generator is electrically connected to the second high-voltage bushing;

[0024] An air compressor, the air compressor being connected to the pressurization valve pipeline; and,

[0025] A material conveying mechanism, which is connected to the reaction chamber.

[0026] In one embodiment, the solid material crushing and processing system further includes an electrically driven platform, on which the electric pulse crushing reactor is disposed. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments of this application and their descriptions are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application.

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric pulse crushing reactor according to one embodiment.

[0030] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top-view structural diagram.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a simplified structural diagram of a solid material crushing and processing system according to one embodiment.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0033] 100. Solid material crushing and processing system; 10. Electric pulse crushing reactor; 11. Reactor body; 11a. Feed inlet; 11b. Discharge outlet; 11c. Installation chute; 11d. Reaction channel; 12. Pressure valve; 13. First high-pressure sleeve; 14. Second high-pressure sleeve; 15. First hollow electrode; 16. Second hollow electrode; 17. First hatch; 18. Second hatch; 19. Material guide groove; 19a. Pressure relief valve; 20. High-voltage electric pulse generator; 30. Air compressor; 40. Material conveying mechanism; 50. Electric drive platform. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0036] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0038] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0039] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0040] See Figure 1 An embodiment of this application shows an electric pulse crushing reactor 10, which includes a reactor body 11, a first high-pressure sleeve 13, a second high-pressure sleeve 14, a first hollow electrode 15, and a second hollow electrode 16.

[0041] The reactor body 11 provides a crushing and processing area. In this embodiment, the reactor body 11 is a rectangular box, which has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost.

[0042] The reactor body 11 is also equipped with handles on the sides and / or top for easy handling or carrying.

[0043] In addition, a reaction chamber is formed inside the reactor body 11, and a pressure valve 12 is provided on the outer wall of the reactor body 11. The pressure valve 12 is connected to the reaction chamber and is used to introduce high-pressure gas into the reaction chamber. The first high-pressure sleeve 13 and the second high-pressure sleeve 14 are respectively installed on the reactor body 11. The first hollow electrode 15 and the second hollow electrode 16 are respectively installed on the side wall of the reaction chamber, and the first hollow electrode 15 and the second hollow electrode 16 are spaced apart to form a reaction channel 11d.

[0044] In summary, implementing the technical solution of this embodiment will have the following beneficial effects: The electric pulse crushing reactor 10 of this solution is applied in the solid material crushing and processing system 100, that is, it is used to crush solid materials. During operation, the solid material is fed into the reaction chamber of the reactor body 11 and moves along the reaction channel 11d formed by the first hollow electrode 15 and the second hollow electrode 16. Since the first high-voltage sleeve 13 and the second high-voltage sleeve 14 are connected to the high-voltage electric pulse generator 20 and the pressurization valve 12 is connected to the air compressor 30, the high-voltage electric pulse generator 20 and the air compressor 30 can be started respectively to fill the reaction chamber with high-pressure gas and generate a discharge phenomenon to form a high-voltage pulse electric spark. Since the high-pressure air can form an insulating effect, it suppresses the direct breakdown of air and the phenomenon of surface discharge, so that the generated high-voltage pulse electric spark can effectively break down the solid material in the reaction channel 11d and obtain a good material crushing effect.

[0045] Please continue reading. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Based on the above embodiment, the reactor body 11 has a feed inlet 11a and a discharge outlet 11b on two opposite sides, which are respectively connected to the reaction channel 11d. The feed inlet 11a facilitates the entry of the solid material to be processed into the reaction channel 11d, and the discharge outlet 11b facilitates the discharge of small-diameter solid material after crushing and processing from the reactor body 11.

[0046] Furthermore, in some alternative embodiments, the electric pulse crushing reactor 10 also includes a first door 17 and a second door 18. The first door 17 is movably disposed on the reactor body 11 and can open or close the feed inlet 11a, and the second door 18 is movably disposed on the reactor body 11 and can open or close the discharge outlet 11b.

[0047] When the first door 17 and the second door 18 are in the open position, it facilitates the entry of solid materials to be processed into the reaction channel 11d and the discharge of small-diameter solid materials after crushing and processing. When the first door 17 and the second door 18 are in the closed position, they can close the reaction chamber, ensure the high-pressure gas environment in the reaction chamber, and prevent high-pressure pulse electric sparks from leaking out and causing harm to surrounding personnel.

[0048] Optionally, the first door 17 and the second door 18 can be movably connected to the reactor body 11 by at least one or a combination of linear sliding and rotation to achieve the purpose of opening and closing.

[0049] Furthermore, based on the above embodiment, a first seal is installed on the side of the first door 17 facing the reactor body 11. When the first door 17 is in the closed position, the first seal seals against the periphery of the feed inlet 11a. A second seal is installed on the side of the second door 18 facing the reactor body 11. When the second door 18 is in the closed position, the second seal seals against the periphery of the discharge outlet 11b. This improves the sealing level and protection capability of the reaction chamber.

[0050] Optionally, the first and second seals can be any one of O-rings, anaerobic adhesives, etc., and can be flexibly selected according to actual needs.

[0051] Furthermore, based on any of the above embodiments, the first hollow electrode 15 and the second hollow electrode 16 are arranged vertically and relative to each other in the height direction of the reaction chamber, the end face of the first hollow electrode 15 facing the second hollow electrode 16 is provided with a first narrow slit, and the end face of the second hollow electrode 16 facing the first hollow electrode 15 is provided with a second narrow slit.

[0052] The formation of the first narrow slit and the second narrow slit helps to improve or avoid the structural instability and ablation resistance of the first hollow electrode 15 and the second gap electrode, and is more conducive to large-scale experimental research and engineering application of high voltage pulse discharge breakage.

[0053] Preferably, in this application, both the first hollow electrode 15 and the second hollow electrode 16 are strip-shaped electrodes. The extension direction and length of the strip-shaped electrodes are adapted to the extension direction and length of the reaction channel 11d, respectively. This ensures that the solid material continuously receives high-voltage electrical pulse discharge breakdown processing as it moves along the reaction channel 11d, ensuring more complete and thorough material crushing.

[0054] Please continue reading. Figure 1 In addition, in some alternative embodiments, the top wall of the reaction chamber is provided with a mounting groove 11c, which extends along the direction from the feed inlet 11a to the discharge outlet 11b, and the first hollow electrode 15 is detachably slidably mounted in the mounting groove 11c.

[0055] The first hollow electrode 15 has multiple first hollow electrodes 15 with different sizes. Any one of the first hollow electrodes 15 can be selectively installed into the mounting groove 11c so that the distance between the first hollow electrode 15 and the second hollow electrode 16 is adjustable.

[0056] For example, when the first hollow electrode 15 is rectangular, the difference in size specifically refers to the difference in width of the first hollow electrode 15 in the installed state.

[0057] Depending on the size of the solid material to be processed, the required size of the reaction channel 11d will also vary. By replacing the first hollow electrode 15 with one of different sizes, the distance between the first hollow electrode 15 and the second hollow electrode 16 can be adjusted, thus allowing for the acquisition of reaction channels 11d of different sizes to meet the processing needs of solid materials of varying sizes and expanding the applicability of the electric pulse crushing reactor 10. The installation groove 11c further facilitates the installation and removal of the first hollow electrode 15, improving the ease of replacement.

[0058] Please continue reading. Figure 1 In the feeding stage, in order to ensure that the solid material can fill the entire reaction channel 11d and improve the single crushing efficiency, in some optional embodiments, the bottom wall of the reaction chamber is provided with a material guiding groove 19. The material guiding groove 19 extends along the direction from the feed port 11a to the discharge port 11b, and the second hollow electrode 16 is arranged at the bottom of the material guiding groove 19.

[0059] Specifically, the cross-section of the guide groove 19 is V-shaped, and the guide groove 19 is located within the reaction channel 11d formed between the first hollow electrode 15 and the second void electrode. The solid material to be processed is continuously conveyed into the guide groove 19 by the material conveying mechanism 40. The solid material entering earlier is pushed by the solid material entering later and continuously moves towards the end of the guide groove 19 located at the discharge port 11b until the solid material to be processed fills the entire guide groove 19. That is, the guide groove 19 can ensure that the solid material entering the reaction chamber is accurately located within the reaction channel 11d, so that it can be broken by the high-voltage pulse electric field discharge, ensuring processing reliability. Since the second hollow electrode 16 is arranged at the bottom of the guide groove 19, the solid material entering the guide groove 19 is lifted up by the groove wall of the guide groove 19 and cannot contact the second hollow electrode 16 below, thus ensuring that the second hollow electrode 16 is not crushed or scratched.

[0060] Please continue reading. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some alternative embodiments, the electropulse crushing reactor 10 further includes a pressure relief valve 19a, which is disposed on the reactor body 11 and communicates with the reaction chamber. After processing, the pressure relief valve 19a can discharge the high-pressure gas in the reaction chamber, allowing the reaction chamber to return to normal pressure. This enables the first door 17 and the second door 18 to be opened under safe conditions, allowing the small-particle-size solid material to be discharged and then fed back in for the next batch of solid material to be processed, thus achieving continuous processing.

[0061] Please continue reading. Figure 3 In addition to the above, this application also provides a solid material crushing and processing system 100, which includes:

[0062] The electric pulse crushing reactor 10 as described in any of the above embodiments;

[0063] The high-voltage pulse generator 20 has a first connection terminal electrically connected to the first high-voltage bushing 13 and a second connection terminal electrically connected to the second high-voltage bushing 14.

[0064] Air compressor 30, air compressor 30 is connected to pressurization valve 12 via pipeline; and,

[0065] Material conveying mechanism 40 is connected to the reaction chamber.

[0066] Furthermore, the solid material crushing and processing system 100 also includes an electrically driven platform 50, on which the electric pulse crushing reactor 10 is disposed. When the processing is accelerated, the electrically driven platform 50 can drive the electric pulse crushing reactor 10 to rotate at a preset angle and tilt, so that the discharge port 11b is lower than the feed port 11a, allowing the small-diameter solid material processed inside to be discharged by itself.

[0067] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0068] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electric pulse fragmentation reactor, characterized in that, The electric pulse crushing reactor comprises: a reactor body, an inner part of the reactor body is formed with a reaction chamber, an outer wall of the reactor body is provided with a pressurizing valve, the pressurizing valve is communicated with the reaction chamber, and the pressurizing valve is used for introducing high-pressure gas into the reaction chamber; a first high-pressure sleeve and a second high-pressure sleeve, the first high-pressure sleeve and the second high-pressure sleeve are respectively arranged on the reactor body; a first hollow electrode and a second hollow electrode, the first hollow electrode and the second hollow electrode are respectively arranged on a side wall of the reaction chamber, and the first hollow electrode and the second hollow electrode are spaced to form a reaction channel; opposite two sides of the reactor body are respectively provided with a feeding port and a discharging port, a bottom wall of the reaction chamber is provided with a material guiding groove, the material guiding groove is arranged in a direction from the feeding port to the discharging port, and the second hollow electrode is arranged on a groove bottom of the material guiding groove. The first hollow electrode and the second hollow electrode are both strip electrodes, and the extension direction and the length of the strip electrode are respectively matched with the extension direction and the length of the reaction channel. The feeding port and the discharging port are respectively communicated with the reaction channel.

2. The electric pulse fragmentation reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric pulse crushing reactor further comprises a first hatch and a second hatch, the first hatch is movably arranged on the reactor body and can open or close the feeding port, and the second hatch is movably arranged on the reactor body and can open or close the discharging port.

3. The electric pulse fragmentation reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first hatch is provided with a first sealing piece on a side surface of the reactor body, the first sealing piece is in sealing abutment with a peripheral edge of the feeding port when the first hatch is in a closed position.

4. The electro-pulse disintegration reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second hatch is provided with a second sealing piece on a side surface of the reactor body, the second sealing piece is in sealing abutment with a peripheral edge of the discharging port when the second hatch is in a closed position. The first hollow electrode and the second hollow electrode are oppositely arranged in a height direction of the reaction chamber, a first narrow gap is arranged on an end surface of the first hollow electrode facing the second hollow electrode, and a second narrow gap is arranged on an end surface of the second hollow electrode facing the first hollow electrode.

5. The electro-pulse disintegration reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, A mounting sliding groove is arranged on a top wall of the reaction chamber, the mounting sliding groove is arranged in a direction from the feeding port to the discharging port, and the first hollow electrode is detachably and slidably arranged in the mounting sliding groove.

6. The electro-pulse disintegration reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first hollow electrode has a plurality of sizes, and any one of the first hollow electrodes can be selected and arranged in the mounting sliding groove, so that the distance between the first hollow electrode and the second hollow electrode is adjustable.

7. The electro-pulse disintegration reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The electric pulse crushing reactor further comprises a pressure relief valve, the pressure relief valve is arranged on the reactor body and is communicated with the reaction chamber. The electric pulse crushing reactor comprises:

8. The electro-pulse disintegration reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric pulse crushing reactor of any one of claims 1 to 8; 9. A solid material comminution processing system, characterized by, a high-voltage electric pulse generator, a first connecting end of the high-voltage electric pulse generator is electrically connected with the first high-pressure sleeve, and a second connecting end of the high-voltage electric pulse generator is electrically connected with the second high-pressure sleeve; an air compressor, the air compressor is connected with the pressurizing valve in a pipeline manner; and ​ ​ A material conveying mechanism in communication with the reaction chamber.

10. The solid material size-reduction processing system of claim 9, wherein, The solid material crushing processing system further comprises an electrically driven platform, and the electric pulse crushing reactor is arranged on the electrically driven platform.

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