Multi-response solar-infrared radiation adaptive dynamic control device and control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-response solar-infrared radiation adaptive dynamic control device and a control method thereof. The control device comprises a passive radiation cooling substrate and a plurality of multi-response loose-leaf actuators arranged in an array. At least a portion of the bottom surface of each multi-response loose-leaf actuator is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate. The portion of the multi-response loose-leaf actuator not connected to the passive radiation cooling substrate can curl or restore straight motion in response to changes in solar irradiance, atmospheric temperature, and humidity in the environment. In response to the ambient atmosphere, the control device can adaptively and dynamically adjust the curling angle of all multi-response loose-leaf actuators, thereby changing the heating power of the entire control device. The device provided by the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to prepare, can be manufactured on a large scale, has excellent device performance, has a large and continuous control range for solar reflectance and infrared emissivity, has good durability, and can maintain good dynamic control performance after multiple switching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention mainly relates to the technical field of solar-infrared radiation dynamic control, in particular to a multi-response solar-infrared radiation adaptive dynamic control device and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Energy is an essential resource in modern society, used to drive economic development, meet people's living needs, and promote scientific and technological innovation. However, with the growth of the global population, the acceleration of urbanization, and the continuous advancement of industrialization, global energy consumption is showing a continuous upward trend. This increase in global energy consumption has also triggered the demand and development of renewable energy. Renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower are environmentally friendly, sustainable, and decentralized, and are widely considered to be the key to solving energy consumption problems. However, despite certain progress in the development of renewable energy, its proportion in global energy consumption remains relatively small, and it faces technical, economic, and policy challenges. Against the backdrop of the current global energy crisis, global warming, and the stagnation of new energy development, zero-energy heating / passive cooling technology has attracted much attention as a key area of research.

[0003] As people's requirements for comfortable ambient temperature increase, the demand for air conditioning heating / cooling is growing. According to statistics, about 50% of the world's energy is used for active cooling or heating each year. In order to reduce this part of energy consumption, relevant scholars have proposed solar thermal absorbers for heating and passive infrared radiation cooling coatings for cooling. Solar thermal absorbers heat and heat by absorbing high solar radiation (0.3μm~2.5μm) and achieving high solar-thermal conversion efficiency through high infrared reflection. Passive radiation coolers radiate cooling to outer space (3K) through infrared emission from high atmospheric windows (8μm~14μm). Both do not require additional energy, which reduces the energy consumption caused by active heating / cooling to a certain extent.

[0004] Surveys have revealed that the majority of the world's population is concentrated in temperate regions, such as China, the United States, and France. This region's distinct four-season climate, characterized by hot summers and cold winters, necessitates cooling indoor environments in the summer and heating and insulation in the winter. In practical applications, passive infrared radiative cooling films, for example, effectively reduce cooling energy consumption in the summer by reflecting sunlight and radiating it to outer space through atmospheric windows. However, in the winter, these coatings cannot dynamically switch between cooling and heating modes, resulting in a sharp increase in heating energy consumption. Therefore, the development of dynamically controllable radiative cooling devices is crucial for comprehensively reducing energy consumption, enabling cooling in the summer and heating in the winter, and dynamically switching to match climate characteristics throughout the seasons.

[0005] The core working principles of existing infrared thermal radiation dynamic control devices are mainly based on devices that change the thermal radiation characteristics of the device, such as electrochromic materials, phase change materials, thermochromic materials, and metamaterial structures. However, these devices have the following shortcomings:

[0006] 1) Dynamically controlling devices requires additional energy consumption to switch states;

[0007] 2) It is impossible to achieve continuous dynamic adjustment of heating / cooling power;

[0008] 3) The material and processing costs are high. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In response to the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention proposes a multi-response solar-infrared radiation adaptive dynamic control device and its control method, which can play an important role in the fields of temperature management of buildings and object surfaces.

[0010] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0011] The adaptive dynamic control device includes a passive radiation cooling substrate and a multi-response loose-leaf driver array arranged on the upper surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate; the multi-response loose-leaf driver array includes multiple multi-response loose-leaf drivers arranged in an array on the upper surface of the same passive radiation cooling substrate, the top surface of each multi-response loose-leaf driver is in contact with the ambient atmosphere, the bottom surface of each multi-response loose-leaf driver is covered above the same passive radiation cooling substrate, and at least a portion of the bottom surface of each multi-response loose-leaf driver is respectively bonded and fixed to a place on the upper surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate.

[0012] Each multi-responsive loose-leaf driver has a fixed part and a movable part. The position where the multi-responsive loose-leaf driver is fixedly connected to the passive radiation cooling base is the fixed part. There is no overlapping area between each multi-responsive loose-leaf driver 10. The fixed part connects the multi-responsive loose-leaf driver to the passive radiation cooling base, and also provides support for the multi-responsive loose-leaf driver, so that the multi-responsive loose-leaf driver remains stable in a windy environment. The part of the multi-responsive loose-leaf driver that is not connected to the passive radiation cooling base is the movable part. When the temperature rises, the movable part can curl away from the passive radiation cooling base and closer to the fixed part.

[0013] The rectangular area in the middle of each multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator, where the central axis lies, is the fixed portion, while the remaining areas extending to the left and right of the actuator are the movable portions. The movable portions on either side of the actuator can bend away from the passive radiative cooling base and toward the fixed portion.

[0014] Specifically, the fixing portion may further include one of an end of each multi-response loose-leaf driver and a center of each multi-response loose-leaf driver.

[0015] Specifically, the fixing method is one of adhesive tape glue adhesion, magnetic connection, interlocking connection, key connection and clamp connection. The fixing method is preferably adhesive tape glue adhesion.

[0016] Specifically, the arrangement is one of uniform arrangement, uneven arrangement, close arrangement, spaced arrangement, horizontal arrangement, and vertical arrangement. Preferably, the arrangement is close arrangement.

[0017] Specifically, the multi-response loose-leaf actuator can be manufactured in different shapes and sizes, including but not limited to rectangle, circle, triangle and other irregular shapes. The shape of the multi-response loose-leaf actuator is preferably rectangle.

[0018] Specifically, the multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator can be bent at an angle ranging from 0° to 360°. The bending angle is the central angle of the arc formed by the multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator in a plane perpendicular to the center line of the tape fixing area.

[0019] Specifically, the curling method is related to the fixed position, including but not limited to curling from both ends to the middle, curling from the left side to the right side, curling from the front side to the back side, curling from the right side to the left side, curling from the back side to the front side and curling from all sides to the middle.

[0020] Specifically, the tiled surface area of the multi-response leaflet-like actuator array does not exceed the area of the passive radiation cooling substrate.

[0021] Each of the multi-response loose-leaf actuators includes an expandable radiation cooling response layer and a multi-parameter sensing layer deposited on the upper surface of the expandable radiation cooling response layer; the middle of the bottom surface of the expandable radiation cooling response layer is bonded and fixed to a point on the upper surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate, and the top surface of the multi-parameter sensing layer is in contact with the ambient atmosphere.

[0022] The multi-parameter sensing layer is deposited on the upper surface of the expandable radiation cooling response layer through a large-area, low-cost solution method; the deposition method is one of spin coating, spray coating, scraping, filtration and brush coating.

[0023] The thickness of the multi-parameter sensing layer is 0.05 μm to 16 μm.

[0024] The thickness of the expandable radiation cooling response layer is 10 μm to 1000 μm.

[0025] The multi-parameter sensing layer is obtained by doping a performance modulation material into a selective solar heat absorption structure; the selective solar heat absorption structure is an intrinsic solar absorption material, and the intrinsic solar absorption material is MXenes-Ti3C2T x 、MXenes-Nb2CT x 、MXenes-Ti2CT x and MXenes-V2CT x The performance modulation material is one of cellulose nanofiber CNF, aluminum hydroxide gel, silica gel, nanosilicate and nanoalumina; the doping concentration of the performance modulation material is 20% to 70%.

[0026] The expandable radiation cooling response layer is one of a porous nylon membrane, a nylon fiber membrane, a porous polyvinyl alcohol membrane, a polyvinyl alcohol fiber membrane, a porous polyethylene membrane, a polyethylene fiber membrane, a porous fluorinated polymer membrane, a fluorinated polymer fiber membrane, polydimethylsiloxane, a porous polyaniline membrane and a porous polyethylene terephthalate membrane.

[0027] Specifically, the pore size of the expandable radiation cooling response layer is 0.05 to 1 micron.

[0028] The passive radiation cooling substrate is one of an intrinsic radiation cooling material, a particle dispersion composite material, and a porous radiation cooling material, and has the characteristics of high solar energy reflection, high infrared emission, and the like.

[0029] Wherein, the intrinsic radiation refrigeration material is polyethersulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polymethylpentene, polydimethylsiloxane, polyacrylate, SiO2, Al2O3, SiO x N y The particle-dispersed composite material is obtained by doping a high-refractive-index particulate material into a polymer film; the high-refractive-index particulate material is one of TiO2, CaCO3, Al2O3, ZrO2, and BaSO4; the polymer film is one of polyvinyl fluoride film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyacrylate, polydimethylsiloxane film, polyethylene terephthalate film, polyvinylidene fluoride film, and polymethylpentene film; and the porous radiative cooling film is one of porous polyethersulfone film, porous polyvinylidene fluoride film, and porous polystyrene film.

[0030] The passive radiation cooling substrate has a thickness of 200 μm to 1000 mm.

[0031] The control method of the multi-response solar-infrared radiation adaptive dynamic control device is specifically as follows:

[0032] The device has an initial state and a working state;

[0033] In the initial state, each multi-response loose-leaf actuator arranged on the top surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate is flatly arranged on the top surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate, the expandable radiation cooling response layer is in direct contact with the passive radiation cooling substrate, and the multi-parameter sensing layer is in direct contact with the ambient atmosphere;

[0034] In operation, each multi-response loose-leaf actuator in the device responds to changes in temperature, solar irradiance, and humidity in the ambient atmosphere, and then adaptively adjusts its own curled or unfolded shape to achieve simultaneous regulation of the device's heating power and cooling power, so that the temperature of the controlled target is stabilized within an appropriate range; the device's heating power is specifically the heating power of the multi-parameter sensing layer; the device's cooling power is the sum of the cooling powers of the expandable radiation cooling response layer and the passive radiation cooling substrate.

[0035] The specific process of the device adaptively regulating the heating power and cooling power of the device is as follows:

[0036] When the multi-response loose-leaf actuator curls up in response to the ambient atmosphere, the effective contact area between the multi-parameter sensing layer and solar radiation decreases, and the heating power of the device decreases; at the same time, the effective contact area between the expandable radiative cooling response layer and the atmosphere, and the effective contact area between the passive radiative cooling substrate and the ambient atmosphere both increase. The expandable radiative cooling response layer and the passive radiative cooling substrate radiate heat to the ambient atmosphere, and the radiative cooling power of the device increases.

[0037] When the multi-response loose-leaf actuator expands in response to the ambient atmosphere, the effective contact area between the multi-parameter sensing layer and solar radiation increases, and the heating power of the device increases; at the same time, the effective contact area between the expandable radiation cooling response layer and the atmosphere, and the effective contact area between the passive radiation cooling substrate and the ambient atmosphere both decrease, the power of the expandable radiation cooling response layer and the passive radiation cooling substrate to radiate heat to the ambient atmosphere decreases, and the radiation cooling power of the device decreases.

[0038] The temperature change / solar irradiance response is specifically:

[0039] When the temperature of the ambient atmosphere / solar irradiance increases, since the thermal expansion coefficient of the expandable radiative cooling response layer is greater than that of the multi-parameter sensing layer, the expandable radiative cooling response layer expands due to the heat, and the moisture absorbed by the upper multi-parameter sensing layer will evaporate, causing the multi-parameter sensing layer to shrink, thereby generating mechanical tensile stress, which drives the active part of the multi-response loose-leaf actuator to curl away from the passive radiative cooling substrate and closer to the fixed part. After curling, the effective area of the multi-parameter sensing layer receiving solar radiation decreases, and the heating power of the device decreases; the heat dissipation area of the expandable radiative cooling response layer and the passive radiative cooling substrate increases, and the cooling power of the device increases;

[0040] When the temperature / solar irradiance of the ambient atmosphere decreases, the expansion degree of the expandable radiation cooling response layer under the multi-response loose-leaf actuator decreases, driving the multi-response loose-leaf actuator to expand. After expansion, the effective area of the multi-parameter sensing layer receiving solar radiation increases, and the heating power of the device increases; the heat dissipation area of the expandable radiation cooling response layer and the passive radiation cooling substrate decreases, and the cooling power of the device decreases.

[0041] The response to the humidity change is specifically:

[0042] When the humidity in the environment decreases, the multi-parameter sensing layer on the upper layer of each multi-response loose-leaf actuator shrinks, while the expandable radiation cooling response layer on the lower layer does not change. Under the action of the compressive stress of the upper layer, the active part of the multi-response loose-leaf actuator is driven to curl away from the passive radiation cooling substrate and closer to the fixed part. After curling, the effective area of the multi-parameter sensing layer receiving solar radiation decreases, and the heating power of the device decreases; the heat dissipation area of the expandable radiation cooling response layer and the passive radiation cooling substrate increases, and the cooling power of the device increases.

[0043] When the humidity in the environment increases, the multi-parameter sensing layer on the upper layer of each multi-response loose-leaf actuator expands, driving the multi-response loose-leaf actuator to expand. After expansion, the effective area of the multi-parameter sensing layer receiving solar radiation increases, and the heating power of the device increases; the heat dissipation area of the expandable radiation cooling response layer and the passive radiation cooling substrate decreases, and the cooling power of the device decreases.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0045] (1) Continuously and dynamically switchable states and heating / cooling power. Compared to conventional single-mode solar absorbers / passive radiation coolers, the multi-responsive solar / infrared radiation dynamic control device provided by the present invention can respond to changes in ambient temperature, solar irradiance, and humidity, dynamically adjusting the degree of curling of the multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator to regulate the overall heating / cooling power. Furthermore, the curling angle of the multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator ranges from 0° to 360°, enabling continuous and stable regulation of the overall heating / cooling power within a certain range.

[0046] (2) Environmentally friendly and widely used. Compared with existing electrodynamic adjustment devices, the device provided by the present invention does not require additional heating / cooling state switching energy, is low-carbon and environmentally friendly, and expands the application scenarios and scope.

[0047] (3) Increase the humidity response of the environment and optimize the performance of the device. The present invention dopes a performance modulation material with high toughness and high water absorption into the multi-parameter sensing layer. Not only does it enable the device of the present invention to respond to changes in the humidity of the ambient atmosphere, it also further enhances the toughness, mechanical properties and Young's modulus of the device so that it can maintain good performance after switching to a long-term bending state. In addition, by doping with performance modulation materials, when the solar irradiance increases and the atmospheric temperature rises, the moisture absorbed by the multi-parameter sensing layer will also evaporate, causing the multi-parameter sensing layer to shrink, reducing the resistance encountered by the multi-response loose-leaf driver when it is curled up, and the overall switching is more coherent. Finally, the solar absorption and infrared reflection capabilities of the multi-parameter sensing layer are also improved to a certain extent.

[0048] (4) Low cost and simple production. The multi-response solar / infrared radiation dynamic control device provided by the present invention has a simple preparation process and low cost, and can be made into multi-response loose-leaf actuators of various shapes to meet different environmental scenarios and usage requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 This is a model diagram of the multi-response solar / infrared radiation dynamic control device of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 2 It is a structural model diagram of the multi-response loose-leaf driver of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 3 This is an SEM image of the passive radiation cooling honeycomb porous polyethersulfone membrane substrate prepared in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 4 It is a stress-strain curve diagram of a comparative tensile test of a multi-response loose-leaf actuator and a porous nylon film of the device of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 5 This is a performance test result diagram of the absorption / emission rate and curling angle of the multi-response loose-leaf actuator of Example 1 of the present invention after multiple curling cycle experiments.

[0054] Figure 6 It is a model diagram of the multi-response solar / infrared radiation dynamic control device of the present invention in different states.

[0055] Figure 7 These are actual pictures of the device prepared in Example 1 of the present invention in different radiation control states (non-curled, adaptively curled, and fully curled).

[0056] Figure 8 This is a physical diagram of the curling angle of the multi-response loose-leaf actuator in the device of Example 1 of the present invention under different environmental parameters (solar irradiance, atmospheric temperature and humidity).

[0057] Figure 9 Graphs showing 24-hour temperature curves of the device in three different states (heating, adaptive, and cooling) and the ambient air, as well as a solar radiation curve (filled with gray areas) for Example 1 of the present invention. Legend: Photos showing the adaptive roof bending states at different time periods.

[0058] Figure 10 This is a SEM image of the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film doped with BaSO4 nanoparticles prepared in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 11 These are actual pictures of the device prepared in Example 2 of the present invention in different radiation control states (non-curled, adaptively curled, and fully curled).

[0060] Figure 12 It is a diagram of the humidity response characteristics of the actual objects prepared by doping the performance modulation material 32 (cellulose nanofiber) with different proportions prepared in Examples 3, 4 and Comparative Example 1.

[0061] In the figure, 1. Multi-response loose-leaf actuator array, 10. Multi-response loose-leaf actuator, 11. Multi-parameter sensing layer, 12. Expandable radiation cooling response layer, 20. Passive radiation cooling substrate, 31. Selective solar heat absorption structure, 32. Performance modulation material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0063] The accompanying drawings illustrate some embodiments and are intended to illustrate the implementation cases involved in the present invention, but are not limited to such implementation cases. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] refer to Figure 1 The model diagram of a multi-response solar / infrared radiation dynamic control device shown in the figure includes a passive radiation cooling substrate 20 and a multi-response loose-leaf driver array 1 arranged on the upper surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate 20.

[0065] The control device includes a passive radiation cooling substrate 20 and a multi-response loose-leaf driver array 1 arranged on the upper surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate 20; the multi-response loose-leaf driver array 1 includes a plurality of multi-response loose-leaf drivers 10 arranged in an array on the upper surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate 20, each of the multi-response loose-leaf drivers 10 is sheet-shaped, and at least a portion of the bottom surface of each multi-response loose-leaf driver 10 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the same passive radiation cooling substrate 20. The multi-response loose-leaf drivers 10 are connected to the passive radiation cooling substrate 20 through the connection at the bottom surface, and the multi-response loose-leaf drivers 10 at the connection provide support for themselves.

[0066] The upper multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator 10 and the lower passive radiative cooling base 20 are mechanically fixed at a specific location. This fixing method only requires mechanical connection between the two, providing a fixed support for the curled multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator 10 while also maintaining stability in windy environments.

[0067] Each multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator 10 has a fixed part and a movable part. The position where the multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator 10 is fixedly connected to the passive radiation cooling base 20, that is, the above-mentioned specific position is the fixed part. There is no overlapping area between each multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator 10. When the temperature rises, the movable part can curl away from the passive radiation cooling base 20 and closer to the fixed part.

[0068] The fixing portion is near the central axis of the bottom surface of each multi-response loose-leaf driver 10 or one end of the bottom surface of each multi-response loose-leaf driver 10.

[0069] The fixing method is one of tape glue bonding, magnetic connection, interlocking connection, key connection and clamp connection.

[0070] The multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator 10 can be manufactured in various shapes and sizes, including but not limited to rectangular, circular, triangular, and other irregular shapes. The shape of the multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator 10 is not a decisive factor in the dynamic response and controllability of the entire system. Therefore, the shape that is easy to manufacture and aesthetically pleasing is generally selected.

[0071] The number of multi-response loose-leaf actuators 10 in the array can be arbitrary, as long as the tiled surface area of the upper multi-response loose-leaf actuator array 1 does not exceed the area of the passive radiation cooling substrate 20.

[0072] There are no strict requirements for position distribution, and the arrangement methods include but are not limited to uniform arrangement, uneven arrangement, close arrangement, spaced arrangement, horizontal arrangement, and vertical arrangement, as long as there is no overlapping area between two adjacent multi-response loose-leaf drivers 10 when flattened.

[0073] The multi-response loose-leaf actuator 10 can be bent at an angle ranging from 0° to 360°. The bending angle is the central angle of the arc formed by the bent multi-response loose-leaf actuator 10 in a plane perpendicular to the center line of the tape fixing area.

[0074] The curling method is related to a specific position, including but not limited to curling from both ends to the middle, curling from the left side to the right side, curling from the front side to the back side, curling from the right side to the left side, curling from the back side to the front side and curling from all sides to the middle.

[0075] In a specific implementation, the fixed portion is near the central axis of the multi-responsive loose-leaf driver 10, and the remaining area extending to the left and right of the multi-responsive loose-leaf driver 10 is the movable portion; the fixing method is adhesive tape glue; the multi-responsive loose-leaf driver 10 is rectangular in shape, and each multi-responsive loose-leaf driver 10 is tightly arranged without overlap, completely covering the passive radiation cooling base 20; the multi-responsive loose-leaf driver 10 can be curled in an angle range of 0° to 360°, and the curling method is to curl from both ends toward the central axis, that is, the movable portions on both sides curl in a direction away from the passive radiation cooling base 20 and close to the fixed portion.

[0076] Each multi-response loose-leaf actuator 10 is composed of two structural layers arranged one above the other with different spectral selectivities: an upper multi-parameter sensing layer 11 and a lower expandable radiative cooling response layer 12. The different spectral selectivities are high solar absorption and low infrared emissivity, and high solar reflection and high infrared emissivity.

[0077] The multi-parameter sensing layer 11 is deposited on the upper surface of the expandable radiative cooling response layer 12 by a large-area, low-cost solution method. The deposition method is one of spin coating, spray coating, blade coating, suction filtration and brush coating.

[0078] The middle of the bottom surface of the expandable radiation cooling response layer 12 is in contact with the upper surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate 20, with both sides curled up, and the top surface of the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 is in contact with the ambient atmosphere.

[0079] The thickness of the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 can be between 0.02 μm and 20 μm, and is preferably between 0.05 μm and 16 μm, taking into account actual operating conditions and subsequent performance requirements. Different thicknesses of the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 will result in slight differences in its solar absorption and infrared emissivity, and will also affect the curling performance of the entire multi-response loose-leaf actuator 10. In some embodiments, the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 has a high absorption rate for waves in the solar thermal radiation band. For example, the absorption rate of the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 for the 0.3 μm to 2.5 μm solar thermal radiation band is as high as 89% to 97%. The multi-parameter sensing layer 11 has good physical and mechanical properties and can maintain good performance after multiple switching.

[0080] The thickness of the expandable radiative cooling responsive layer 12 can range from 5 μm to 1500 μm, and preferably from 10 μm to 1000 μm, considering actual operating conditions and subsequent performance requirements. The thickness of the expandable radiative cooling responsive layer 12 primarily affects the curling performance of the entire device and can also lead to slight differences in its solar absorption and infrared emissivity.

[0081] The multi-parameter sensing layer 11 has high solar absorption, low infrared emission, high light-to-heat conversion performance, low thermal expansion coefficient, and strong hygroscopicity. The multi-parameter sensing layer 11 can improve the absorption of energy in the 0.3μm to 2.5μm solar thermal radiation band, while also reducing atmospheric window thermal radiation loss in the 8μm to 14μm band, thereby increasing the device's solar thermal conversion efficiency and thus the heating power. Figure 2 The multi-parameter sensing layer 11 is composed of a mixture of a selective solar heat absorption structure 31 and a performance modulation material 32 .

[0082] Specifically, the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 is obtained by doping the performance modulation material 32 into the selective solar heat absorption structure 31 .

[0083] The selective solar heat absorption structure 31 is one of intrinsic solar absorption materials, photonic crystals, and multilayer film structures; the intrinsic solar absorption material is MXenes-(Ti3C2T x 、Nb2CT x 、Ti2CT x and V2CT x and other terminal groups), one of transition metal carbides (TiC, ZrC, HfC), transition metal borides (TiB2, ZrB2), transition metal nitrides (ZrN, TiN) and semiconductors (Si, Ge and SiGe).

[0084] The performance modulation material 32 has strong water absorption and high toughness, including but not limited to cellulose nanofiber, aluminum hydroxide gel, silicone gel, nanosilicate, and nanoaluminum oxide.

[0085] By doping with the performance-modulating material 32, not only does the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 respond to changes in ambient atmospheric humidity, but it also enhances its toughness, mechanical properties, and Young's modulus, enabling it to maintain good performance even after long-term bending state switching. Furthermore, by doping with the performance-modulating material 32, as solar irradiance increases and atmospheric temperature rises, the moisture in the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 evaporates, causing it to contract. This reduces resistance when the multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator 10 is bent, allowing for more consistent switching. Finally, the multi-parameter sensing layer 11's solar absorption and infrared reflection capabilities are enhanced to a certain extent.

[0086] Different doping concentrations of the performance modulation material can result in different responses of the entire device to ambient atmospheric temperature, solar irradiance, and humidity. The doping concentration of the performance modulation material 32 can be 1% to 90%. The doping concentration of the performance modulation material 32 is preferably 20% to 70%.

[0087] The expandable radiation cooling response layer 12 has high solar reflectivity, high infrared emission and high thermal expansion coefficient, and can be made of one of porous nylon membrane, nylon fiber membrane, porous polyvinyl alcohol membrane, polyvinyl alcohol fiber membrane, porous polyethylene membrane, polyethylene fiber membrane, porous fluorinated polymer membrane, fluorinated polymer fiber membrane, polydimethylsiloxane, porous polyaniline membrane and porous polyethylene terephthalate membrane.

[0088] Specifically, the pore size of the expandable radiation cooling responsive layer 12 is 0.05 to 1 micron.

[0089] Passive radiative cooling substrate 20 is a material selected from the group consisting of an intrinsic radiative cooling material, a particle-dispersed composite material, and a porous radiative cooling film. It exhibits high solar reflectivity and infrared emission. Passive radiative cooling substrate 20 can be used to reflect solar thermal radiation and dissipate heat to outer space through atmospheric windows, thereby achieving radiative cooling.

[0090] Among them, intrinsic radiation cooling materials include polyethersulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polymethylpentene (TPX), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyacrylate (PPA), SiO2, Al2O3, SiO x N y wait.

[0091] Among them, the particle-dispersed composite material is made by doping high-refractive-index granular material into a polymer film, the high-refractive-index granular material is one of TiO2, CaCO3, Al2O3, ZrO2, and BaSO4, and the polymer film is one of polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyacrylate, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polymethylpentene (TPX).

[0092] Porous radiative cooling membranes are polymer films containing a series of pores of varying shapes, including porous polyethersulfone membranes, porous polyvinylidene fluoride membranes, and porous polystyrene membranes. The pores are on the micron scale.

[0093] The thickness of the passive radiative cooling substrate 20 can range from 100 μm to 5000 mm, and is preferably 200 μm to 1000 mm, considering actual operating conditions and cooling performance requirements. The passive radiative cooling substrate 20 supports the entire device, and its thickness primarily affects the mechanical properties and radiative cooling performance of the entire device.

[0094] The device in the present invention has an initial state and a working state. The two states and the switching process are as follows:

[0095] In the initial state, each multi-response loose-leaf actuator 10 arranged on the top surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate 20 is in a flat state and is laid flat on the top surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate 20. The expandable radiation cooling response layer 12 on the lower layer of each multi-response loose-leaf actuator 10 is in direct contact with the top surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate 20, and the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 on the upper layer of each multi-response loose-leaf actuator 1 is in direct contact with the ambient atmosphere.

[0096] In the working state, each multi-response loose-leaf driver 10 in the device responds to the temperature changes, solar irradiance and humidity changes in the ambient atmosphere, and then adaptively adjusts its own curled or unfolded shape to achieve simultaneous regulation of the heating power and cooling power of the device, so that the temperature of the controlled target is stabilized within an appropriate range.

[0097] Taking the device of the present invention as an example of an application scenario of the present invention, the device can respond to changes in ambient atmospheric temperature, solar irradiance, and humidity and dynamically adjust the heating / cooling power of the multi-response solar / infrared radiation dynamic control device, so that the temperature inside the building remains within a stable range. Taking the process of the device of the present invention responding to temperature changes and adaptively adjusting the heating / cooling power of the device as an example, the operating principle of the device of the present invention is as follows:

[0098] The multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator array 1 is composed of multiple multi-responsive loose-leaf actuators 10. Each multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator consists of two structural layers with different spectral selectivities: the upper layer has high solar absorption, low infrared emission, high light-to-heat conversion performance, low thermal expansion coefficient, and strong hygroscopicity; the lower layer has high solar reflection, high infrared emission, and a high thermal expansion coefficient. The top multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator array changes with ambient atmospheric temperature, and the temperature inside the controlled building also changes accordingly.

[0099] As atmospheric temperature increases, the temperatures of the multi-responsive loose-leaf actuators 10 arrayed on top of the control device continue to rise. The thermal expansion coefficient of the expandable radiative cooling response layer 12 beneath the multi-responsive loose-leaf actuators 10 is greater than that of the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 above. The expandable radiative cooling response layer 12 significantly expands with increasing temperature, while the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 does not change significantly after the temperature rises. The mechanical tensile stress generated by the thermal expansion of the expandable radiative cooling response layer 12 causes the multi-responsive loose-leaf actuators 10 to curl upward or inward from both sides in a manner similar to a mechanical loose-leaf device, thereby reducing the effective contact area between the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 and solar radiation, thereby reducing the heating power of the control device. Simultaneously, as the multi-responsive loose-leaf actuators 10 curl, the effective contact area between the lower expandable radiative cooling response layer 12 and the passive radiative cooling substrate 20 and the atmosphere increases, radiating heat into space (3K), thereby increasing the cooling power of the multi-responsive solar / infrared radiation dynamic control device. During this process, as the atmospheric temperature increases, the temperature inside the building slowly rises; when the multi-response loose-leaf actuator 10 is curled to a certain extent, the cooling power of the device is greater than the heating power, and the entire device plays a cooling role, which reduces the temperature inside the building.

[0100] As the atmospheric temperature drops, the temperature of the multi-response solar / infrared radiation dynamic control device also drops. After the temperature of each multi-response loose-leaf driver 10 distributed in the array on the top of the control device drops, the expansion degree of the lower expandable radiation cooling response layer 12 decreases, and the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 does not change significantly. The mechanical tensile stress generated by the thermal expansion of the expandable radiation cooling response layer 12 decreases, which drives the degree of curling of the multi-response loose-leaf driver 10 to decrease, and the heating power of the multi-response solar / infrared radiation dynamic control device to increase. The reciprocating transformation stabilizes the temperature inside the controlled building within an appropriate range.

[0101] Similarly, the device's response to changes in ambient solar irradiance is consistent with that to temperature, except that temperature changes act directly on the expandable radiative cooling response layer 12, while solar irradiance is absorbed by the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 and converted into heat, which then acts on the expandable radiative cooling response layer 12.

[0102] Finally, the device's response to humidity is mainly due to the high water absorption performance modulation material 32 doped in the multi-parameter sensing layer 11. When the humidity in the environment decreases, the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 with high hygroscopicity loses water and shrinks, while the lower expandable radiation cooling response layer 12 does not change. Under the action of the upper layer's compressive stress, the multi-response loose-leaf actuator 10 will curl up from the bottom to the top and from both sides to the inside, and the heating power of the multi-response solar / infrared radiation dynamic control device will decrease and the cooling power will increase. When the ambient humidity increases, the performance modulation material 32 in the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 absorbs moisture and expands, while the expandable radiation cooling response layer 12 is not greatly affected by the humidity, causing the curling angle of the multi-response loose-leaf actuator 10 to decrease, and the heating power of the device to increase and the cooling power to decrease.

[0103] In summary, the multi-response solar / infrared radiation dynamic control device provided by the present invention will dynamically control the curling degree of the multi-response loose-leaf driver 10 of the device according to the changes in the atmospheric temperature, solar irradiance and humidity in the environment, thereby changing the effective contact area between the solar absorption / radiation cooling layer and the atmosphere, and then changing the overall heating / cooling power, so that the temperature of the controlled target is stabilized within a range.

[0104] The specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0105] Example 1

[0106] In this embodiment, the overall structural features and working principle of the multi-response solar / infrared radiation dynamic control device are as above. Figure 1 The overall structure includes a passive radiation cooling substrate 20 and a multi-response loose-leaf actuator array 1 placed on the upper end. The multi-response loose-leaf actuator array 1 on the upper end consists of 9 7×7 cm 2 The multi-responsive loose-leaf actuators 10 are evenly arranged in a 3×3 array on a passive radiative cooling substrate 20. The multi-responsive loose-leaf actuators 10 consist of two structural layers with different spectral selectivities: an upper multi-parameter sensing layer 11 and a lower expandable radiative cooling response layer 12. The lower expandable radiative cooling response layer 12 is in direct contact with the passive radiative cooling substrate 20.

[0107] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment 1, the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 is mainly made of a selective solar heat absorption structure 31 (MXenes-Ti3C2Tx) and a performance modulation material 32 (cellulose nanofiber), and the specific cellulose nanofiber doping ratio is 30%. The lower layer selects a porous nylon film as the expandable radiation cooling response layer 12.

[0108] The specific preparation process of the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 is as follows:

[0109] First, the selective solar thermal absorption structure 31 (MXenes-Ti3C2T x) The performance modulation material 32 (cellulose nanofiber solution) is uniformly deposited on the porous nylon film. In this embodiment 1, the thickness of the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 is 1.6 μm, and the thickness of the expandable radiation cooling response layer 12 (porous nylon film) is 80 μm.

[0110] like Figure 3 As shown, the passive radiation cooling substrate 20 is mainly made of honeycomb porous PES and has a thickness of 1 mm.

[0111] The multi-response loose-leaf actuator array 1 on the top of the control device is fixedly connected to the passive radiation cooling substrate 20 by tape (5 cm long × 1 mm wide × 20 μm thick) in the area near the central axis of each multi-response loose-leaf actuator 10, forming a complete multi-response solar / infrared radiation dynamic control device as a whole.

[0112] like Figure 4 As shown, compared with the original porous nylon film, the mechanical strength of the multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator 10 produced in this embodiment 1 is further improved to 42 MPa, and the Young's modulus is 2.733 GPa. It has good mechanical stability even in strong winds, so that the device can have stable operating performance in harsh environments.

[0113] In addition, reference Figure 5 After being doped with cellulose nanofiber material, the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 has good physical and mechanical properties, and can maintain good performance after several switches. The toughness of the entire multi-response loose-leaf driver 10 is significantly improved, and the device surface can maintain stable working performance without obvious wrinkles after multiple curled state switches.

[0114] refer to Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 According to the operating principles described in the specification, this embodiment 1 adaptively adjusts the degree of curling of the upper multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator array 1 based on changes in ambient solar irradiance, atmospheric temperature, and humidity. This alters the effective contact area between the upper and lower layers of the multi-responsive loose-leaf actuators 10, as well as the passive radiative cooling substrate 20, and the atmosphere, thereby dynamically regulating the heating / cooling power of the control device. For example, in a humid environment, the upper multi-responsive loose-leaf actuator array 1 will reduce its curl angle to increase heating power.

[0115] Due to the well-designed porous structure and the high refractive index of PES (n≈1.68), the passive radiative cooling substrate 20 (a honeycomb porous polyethersulfone membrane) provides an ultra-high solar reflectivity of 98%, while also exhibiting a high infrared emissivity of 92% within the atmospheric window (8-13μm). The entire device achieves a high solar thermal conversion efficiency with a solar absorptivity of 85% in the heating state and a low mid-infrared emissivity of 19%. Meanwhile, when switching to the cooling state, the reflectivity is 98% within the solar radiation band and a high emissivity of 92% within the atmospheric window. The entire device has a wide dynamic performance control range, capable of matching heating / cooling power to atmospheric environmental parameters such as humidity, irradiance, and temperature.

[0116] refer to Figure 9 , by setting up a selective solar heat absorber and a passive infrared radiation cooler control group, a control test was carried out outdoors. The multi-response solar / infrared radiation dynamic control device provided in this embodiment can quickly reach a stable temperature compared to the selective solar heat absorber and the passive infrared radiation cooler, and the temperature is between the selective solar heat absorber and the passive infrared radiation cooler. It can be seen from the figure that within the time range of 9:00 to 16:00, the solar irradiance first increases and then decreases with time. This embodiment 1 can dynamically control the degree of curling of the driver according to the change in irradiance, adjust the heating / cooling power of the device, and ensure that the controlled target is in a stable and comfortable temperature zone.

[0117] Furthermore, during the nighttime hours of 6:00 PM to 6:00 AM, the overall temperature of Example 1 lies between the ambient temperature and that of the radiant cooler, demonstrating a moderate heat preservation effect. In summary, compared to traditional single heat absorbers and radiant coolers, the device of the present invention exhibits superior mechanical properties and a wide dynamic performance control range. It is more flexible in adapting to diverse environments, offers lower costs, and offers superior performance, demonstrating significant development potential.

[0118] Example 2

[0119] refer to Figure 10 、 Figure 11 , a porous polytetrafluoroethylene film is used instead of the porous nylon film as the expandable radiation cooling response layer 12, and a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film doped with BaSO4 nanoparticles is used instead of the honeycomb porous polyethersulfone membrane as the passive radiation cooling substrate 20. Other conditions are consistent with those in Example 1, and the corresponding multi-response solar-infrared radiation adaptive dynamic control device is obtained, and the device has good multi-response performance.

[0120] Examples 3-4

[0121] refer to Figure 12The doping ratio of the performance modulation material 32 (cellulose nanofiber) was changed to 40% (Example 3) and 50% (Example 4), respectively. Other conditions were consistent with Example 1. The corresponding multi-response solar-infrared radiation adaptive dynamic control device also had humidity response characteristics, and the phenomenon was more obvious.

[0122] Comparative Example 1

[0123] refer to Figure 12 The doping ratio of the performance modulation material 32 (cellulose nanofiber) is changed to 0%, that is, the multi-parameter sensing layer 11 only contains the selective solar heat absorption structure 31 (MXenes-Ti3C2T x ), with other conditions consistent with Example 1, the resulting multi-responsive solar-infrared radiation adaptive dynamic control device exhibited negligible humidity response characteristics. Compared to Examples 1, 3, and 4, the curling angle of the humidity-responsive device was very small, essentially failing to effectively achieve dynamic humidity response.

[0124] The above descriptions are only some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent materials, structural changes made using the contents of the present description and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields within the scope of the present invention are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-response solar-infrared radiation adaptive dynamic control device, characterized by: It comprises a passive radiation cooling substrate (20) and a multi-response loose-leaf driver array (1) arranged on the upper surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate (20); The multi-response loose-leaf driver array (1) comprises a plurality of multi-response loose-leaf drivers (10) arrayed on the upper surface of the same passive radiation cooling substrate (20), the top surface of each multi-response loose-leaf driver (10) being in contact with the ambient atmosphere, the bottom surface of each multi-response loose-leaf driver (10) being covered above the same passive radiation cooling substrate (20), and at least a portion of the bottom surface of each multi-response loose-leaf driver (10) being adhesively fixed to the upper surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate (20); Each multi-response loose-leaf actuator (10) has a fixed portion and a movable portion. The position where the multi-response loose-leaf actuator (10) is fixedly connected to the passive radiation cooling base (20) is the fixed portion, and the portion of the multi-response loose-leaf actuator (10) not connected to the passive radiation cooling base (20) is the movable portion. The movable portion can be bent in a direction away from the passive radiation cooling base (20) and close to the fixed portion. The middle of each multi-response loose-leaf actuator (10) is a fixed portion, and both sides are movable portions. The movable portions on both sides of the multi-response loose-leaf actuator (10) can be curled in a direction away from the passive radiation cooling base (20) and close to the fixed portion. Each of the multi-response loose-leaf actuators (10) comprises an expandable radiation cooling response layer (12) and a multi-parameter sensing layer (11) deposited on the upper surface of the expandable radiation cooling response layer (12); the middle of the bottom surface of the expandable radiation cooling response layer (12) is bonded to the upper surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate (20); and the top surface of the multi-parameter sensing layer (11) is in contact with the ambient atmosphere; The multi-parameter sensing layer (11) is obtained by doping a performance modulation material (32) into a selective solar heat absorption structure (31), wherein the doping concentration of the performance modulation material (32) is 20% to 70%. The selective solar heat absorption structure (31) is an intrinsic solar absorption material, and the intrinsic solar absorption material is MXenes-Ti3C2T x 、MXenes-Nb2CT x 、MXenes-Ti2CT x and MXenes-V2CT x The performance modulation material (32) is one of cellulose nanofibers, aluminum hydroxide gel, silica gel, nanosilicate and nanoalumina; The expandable radiation cooling response layer (12) is one of a porous nylon membrane, a nylon fiber membrane, a porous polyvinyl alcohol membrane, a polyvinyl alcohol fiber membrane, a porous polyethylene membrane, a polyethylene fiber membrane, a porous fluorinated polymer membrane, a fluorinated polymer fiber membrane, polydimethylsiloxane, a porous polyaniline membrane and a porous polyethylene terephthalate membrane.

2. The multi-response solar-infrared radiation adaptive dynamic control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the multi-parameter sensing layer (11) is 0.05 μm to 16 μm; The thickness of the expandable radiation cooling response layer (12) is 10 μm to 1000 μm.

3. The multi-response solar-infrared radiation adaptive dynamic control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passive radiation cooling substrate (20) is one of an intrinsic radiation cooling material, a particle dispersion composite material, and a porous radiation cooling material; The intrinsic radiation refrigeration material is one of polyethersulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polymethylpentene, polydimethylsiloxane, and polyacrylate; The particle-dispersed composite material is obtained by doping a particle material into a polymer film; the particle material is one of TiO2, CaCO3, Al2O3, ZrO2, and BaSO4; and the polymer film is one of polyvinyl fluoride film, polymethyl methacrylate film, polyacrylate, polydimethylsiloxane film, polyethylene terephthalate film, polyvinylidene fluoride film, and polymethylpentene film; The porous radiation cooling membrane is one of a porous polyethersulfone membrane, a porous polyvinylidene fluoride membrane and a porous polystyrene membrane.

4. The multi-response solar-infrared radiation adaptive dynamic control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passive radiation cooling substrate (20) has a thickness of 200 μm to 1000 mm.

5. A control method for a multi-response solar-infrared radiation adaptive dynamic control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The device has an initial state and a working state; In the initial state, each multi-response loose-leaf actuator (10) arranged on the top surface of the passive radiation cooling substrate (20) is in a flat state, the expandable radiation cooling response layer (12) is in direct contact with the passive radiation cooling substrate (20), and the multi-parameter sensing layer (11) is in direct contact with the ambient atmosphere; In the working state, each multi-response loose-leaf actuator (10) in the device responds to the temperature change, solar irradiance and humidity change in the ambient atmosphere, and then adaptively adjusts its own curled or unfolded shape to achieve the control of the heating power and cooling power of the device. This process is specifically as follows: When the multi-response loose-leaf actuator (10) is bent in response to the ambient atmosphere, the effective contact area between the multi-parameter sensing layer (11) and the solar radiation is reduced, and the heating power of the device is reduced; at the same time, the effective contact area between the expandable radiation cooling response layer (12) and the atmosphere and the effective contact area between the passive radiation cooling substrate (20) and the ambient atmosphere are increased, and the expandable radiation cooling response layer (12) and the passive radiation cooling substrate (20) radiate heat to the ambient atmosphere, and the cooling power of the device is increased; When the multi-response loose-leaf driver (10) expands in response to the ambient atmosphere, the effective contact area between the multi-parameter sensing layer (11) and solar radiation increases, and the heating power of the device increases; at the same time, the effective contact area between the expandable radiation cooling response layer (12) and the atmosphere, and the effective contact area between the passive radiation cooling substrate (20) and the ambient atmosphere are reduced, the power of the expandable radiation cooling response layer (12) and the passive radiation cooling substrate (20) radiating heat to the ambient atmosphere is reduced, and the cooling power of the device is reduced.

6. A control method for a multi-response solar-infrared radiation adaptive dynamic control device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature change / solar irradiance response is specifically: When the temperature of the ambient atmosphere / solar irradiance increases, the expandable radiation cooling response layer (12) expands and drives the multi-response loose-leaf actuator (10) to curl up; When the temperature / solar irradiance of the ambient atmosphere decreases, the expansion degree of the expandable radiation cooling response layer (12) under the multi-response loose-leaf actuator (10) decreases, driving the multi-response loose-leaf actuator (10) to expand.

7. A control method for a multi-response solar-infrared radiation adaptive dynamic control device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The response to the humidity change is specifically: When the humidity in the environment decreases, the multi-parameter sensing layer (11) on each multi-response loose-leaf actuator (10) contracts, causing the multi-response loose-leaf actuator (10) to curl up; When the humidity in the environment increases, the multi-parameter sensing layer (11) on the upper layer of each multi-response loose-leaf actuator (10) expands, driving the multi-response loose-leaf actuator (10) to expand.

Images