A composite viscous damper

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composite viscous damper, comprising: a damping cavity (1), the interior of which is filled with damping fluid (2); a special-shaped camshaft (3), which comprises a camshaft rod (31) and a special-shaped cam (32) coaxially connected to one end of the camshaft rod (31); the special-shaped cam (32) is arranged outside the damping cavity (1), and the other end of the camshaft rod (31) passes through a circular hole opened in the damping cavity (1) and is connected to the inner wall surface of the damping cavity (1); a special-shaped turbine (4), which is fixedly mounted on the camshaft rod (31) and is connected to a friction energy dissipation component (5); a preload spring coil (6) is further connected between the friction energy dissipation component (5) and the inner wall of the circular hole opened in the damping cavity (1); and a force transmission sleeve (7), one end of which is connected to the special-shaped cam (32) in a shape-matched manner, and the other end of which is connected to a building structure. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can provide a multi-level vibration reduction and energy dissipation system and has better self-resetting ability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of civil structure vibration control, and in particular relates to a composite viscous damper. Background Art

[0002] Viscous and friction dampers have been widely used in various fields, including civil engineering and construction, both domestically and internationally. Viscous damping utilizes the viscosity of the damping fluid to dissipate structural energy into heat during high-speed flow, while friction damping utilizes frictional heat generated during movement to dissipate structural energy into heat.

[0003] However, traditional piston-type viscous dampers dissipate energy by squeezing damping fluid through oil holes to create throttling resistance. This results in high internal pressure and strict sealing requirements. Unidirectional rotating wheel dampers can avoid high pressure, but they suffer from poor energy dissipation due to fluid inertia and lack effective self-reset capability. Traditional friction dampers generate significant heat and wear at high speeds, have high material requirements, and lack effective heat dissipation methods. Furthermore, these dampers dissipate energy in a single form and often fail to coordinate with each other to achieve multi-layered vibration reduction and energy dissipation.

[0004] Therefore, a new type of viscous damper is still to be developed to solve the technical problems of the existing damper, such as poor self-resetting ability and inability to form multi-level vibration reduction and energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite viscous damper in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, such as poor self-resetting ability and inability to form multi-level vibration reduction and energy consumption.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A composite viscous damper, comprising:

[0008] a damping cavity, the interior of which is filled with damping fluid;

[0009] A special-shaped camshaft comprises a camshaft rod and a special-shaped cam coaxially connected to one end of the camshaft rod; the special-shaped cam is arranged outside the damping cavity, and the other end of the camshaft rod passes through a circular hole opened in the damping cavity and is connected to the inner wall surface of the damping cavity;

[0010] The special-shaped turbine is fixedly mounted on the camshaft rod and is connected to a friction energy dissipation component; a preload spring coil is also connected between the friction energy dissipation component and the inner wall of the damping cavity with the circular hole;

[0011] The force transmission sleeve has one end connected to the special-shaped cam and the other end connected to the building structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner wall surface of the damping cavity is provided with a circular groove for the camshaft rod to rotate.

[0013] Furthermore, the damping cavity is a rectangular or cylindrical cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, the damping fluid is prepared by mixing low-viscosity silicone oil, a diluent and an inorganic thermal conductive filler according to the viscosity.

[0015] Furthermore, the wheel rim of the special-shaped turbine is a friction slope with a special-shaped tooth shape.

[0016] Furthermore, the maximum rotation angle of the special-shaped turbine is 110-115°, so as to ensure sufficient rotation energy consumption and self-reset at the same time.

[0017] Furthermore, the friction energy dissipation component is a special-shaped friction wheel, which matches the shape of the rim of the special-shaped turbine.

[0018] Furthermore, the friction energy dissipation component is made of insulating material, preferably rubber material.

[0019] Furthermore, the surface of the special-shaped cam is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed wavy grooves along the axial direction.

[0020] Furthermore, the amplitude of the wavy groove is calculated and determined according to the maximum amplitude of the rotation of the wheel shaft, and the wavelength and the number of waves are determined according to the length of the cam part.

[0021] Furthermore, the inner side of the cylinder wall of the force transmission sleeve close to the special-shaped cam is provided with a convex key corresponding to the wavy groove one by one, and the force transmission sleeve can slide in the wavy groove through the convex key.

[0022] Furthermore, lubricating oil is applied to the convex key to ensure that it slides smoothly in the wavy groove.

[0023] Furthermore, a return spring is connected between the special-shaped cam and the inner wall of the force transmission sleeve close to the building structure.

[0024] Furthermore, a permanent magnet coaxial with the preload spring coil is installed on the inner wall surface of the damping cavity.

[0025] Furthermore, the preload spring coil is connected to an external power supply, and current is passed through the preload spring coil to generate a magnetic field. The magnetic field strength can be controlled by controlling the current, and electromagnetic damping is generated in conjunction with the permanent magnet.

[0026] Furthermore, the preload of the preload spring coil is adjusted according to actual conditions to provide different friction resistances for the rotation of the special-shaped turbine. When the special-shaped turbine stops rotating, the torque and preload of the preload spring coil will adjust the special-shaped turbine back to its original position through the toothed friction slope between the special-shaped turbine and the special-shaped friction wheel.

[0027] Furthermore, the opening of the damping cavity is installed after the internal structure is completed, filled with damping fluid and a pre-loaded spring coil is reserved. After the wires are connected, a sealing rubber ring should be used to seal the cavity to prevent the liquid from flowing out.

[0028] Furthermore, the special-shaped turbine is made of a metal conductor material, which cuts the magnetic flux lines during vibration, generates an induced current inside, and then generates an Ampere force to achieve energy consumption.

[0029] The present invention also provides an application of a composite viscous damper in vibration control of civil engineering structures such as high-rise buildings, tall structures and bridge structures.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) When the building structure vibrates, the present invention can drive the special-shaped turbine in the damping cavity to rotate back and forth multiple times through the special-shaped camshaft, and transfer the kinetic energy of the dissipation structure through the viscous resistance of the damping fluid and the friction between the special-shaped cams, thereby achieving multi-level vibration reduction and energy dissipation; at the same time, the setting of the pre-stressed spring coil and the friction energy dissipation component increases friction by applying pressure to the special-shaped turbine and provides effective self-resetting ability.

[0032] (2) The flow of the damping liquid of the present invention has a relatively small impact on the internal pressure of the cavity, and the special wheel shaft structure realizes multiple reciprocating motions of the special-shaped turbine, which can continuously destroy the inertial motion of the fluid, reduce the energy loss caused by the inertia of the damping liquid, and increase the viscous resistance of the liquid to the turbine blades.

[0033] (3) The present invention utilizes a special camshaft structure, which enables the power transmission sleeve to drive the turbine to reciprocate at a higher frequency when there is a large vibration, thereby increasing energy consumption and achieving the effects of vibration amplification and multi-stage vibration reduction.

[0034] (4) The friction energy dissipation component of the present invention is matched with the special-shaped toothed friction slope at the turbine wheel rim to achieve efficient friction energy dissipation and provide effective self-resetting capability. At the same time, the heat generated by friction energy dissipation can be alleviated to a certain extent by using damping liquid.

[0035] (5) The present invention can adjust the parameters of the preload spring coil according to the on-site conditions to provide the turbine with different levels of friction damping and self-recovery capabilities.

[0036] (6) The present invention can add adjustable electromagnetic damping according to the needs of the use process, and control the magnetic field strength by controlling the magnitude of the current, thereby expanding the energy consumption mode of the present invention and effectively improving the energy consumption efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the composite viscous damper according to Example 2 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the explosion of the composite viscous damper according to Example 2 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a special-shaped camshaft of a composite viscous damper according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a front view of the special-shaped turbine of the composite viscous damper according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the composite viscous damper according to Example 3 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the explosion of the composite viscous damper according to Example 3 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 7 Schematic cross-sectional view of the composite viscous damper according to Example 3 of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the composite viscous damper according to Example 3 of the present invention.

[0045] Description of the marks in the figure:

[0046] 1-damping chamber, 2-damping fluid, 3-special-shaped camshaft, 31-camshaft round rod, 32-special-shaped cam, 321-wavy groove, 4-special-shaped turbine, 5-friction energy dissipation component, 6-preload spring coil, 7-force transmission sleeve, 71-convex key, 8-reset spring, 9-permanent magnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation method and specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0048] In the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention; the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not require further definition or explanation in subsequent drawings.

[0050] Example 1:

[0051] A composite viscous damper includes a damping cavity 1, a special-shaped camshaft 3, a special-shaped turbine 4 and a force transmission sleeve 7. The interior of the damping cavity 1 is filled with a damping fluid 2. The special-shaped camshaft 3 includes a camshaft rod 31 and a special-shaped cam 32 coaxially connected to one end of the camshaft rod 31. The special-shaped cam 32 is arranged outside the damping cavity 1, and the other end of the camshaft rod 31 passes through a circular hole opened in the damping cavity 1 and is connected to the inner wall surface of the damping cavity 1. The special-shaped turbine 4 is fixedly mounted on the camshaft rod 31 and is connected to a friction energy dissipation component 5. A preload spring coil 6 is also connected between the friction energy dissipation component 5 and the inner wall of the circular hole opened in the damping cavity 1. One end of the force transmission sleeve 7 is connected to the special-shaped cam 32 in a shape-matched manner, and the other end is connected to the building structure to be damped.

[0052] Under the influence of wind, earthquakes, or other mechanical forces, the force transmission sleeve 7 moves back and forth, driving the shaped cam 32 and the shaped turbine 4 in the damping chamber 1 to rotate back and forth multiple times. This transfers and dissipates the kinetic energy of the structure through the viscous resistance of the damping fluid 2 and the friction between the shaped cam 32. The preload spring coil 6 and the friction energy dissipation component 5 apply pressure to the shaped turbine 4, increasing friction and providing self-resetting capability.

[0053] Example 2:

[0054] This embodiment provides a specific composite viscous damper, such as Figure 1-4As shown, it mainly includes a damping cavity 1, a special-shaped camshaft 3, a special-shaped turbine 4 and a power transmission sleeve 7. The damping cavity 1 of this embodiment is a rectangular parallelepiped structure.

[0055] The special-shaped camshaft 3 consists of a camshaft rod 31 and a special-shaped cam 32 coaxially connected to the camshaft rod 31. The inner wall of the damping chamber 1 is provided with a circular groove for the camshaft rod 31 to rotate. The camshaft rod 31 passes through the corresponding circular hole on the damping chamber 1 and can rotate in the circular groove.

[0056] The profiled turbine 4 is fixedly mounted on the camshaft rod 31 and connected to a friction dissipation assembly 5. The rim of the profiled turbine 4 features a profiled, toothed friction ramp. In this embodiment, the friction dissipation assembly 5 is a profiled friction wheel that mates with the rim of the profiled turbine 4. A preload spring coil 6 is connected between the profiled friction wheel and the inner wall of the damping chamber 1, where the circular hole is located. The preload spring coil 6 and the profiled friction wheel exert pressure on the profiled turbine 4, increasing friction and providing self-resetting capability.

[0057] The special-shaped cam 32 is located outside the damping cavity 1. The surface of the special-shaped cam 32 is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed wavy grooves 321 along the axial direction. One end of the force transmission sleeve 7 is connected to the wavy groove 321 of the special-shaped cam 32 in a shape-matched manner, and the other end of the force transmission sleeve 7 is connected to the building structure to be damped. Specifically, the force transmission sleeve 7 is provided with a convex key 71 corresponding to the wavy groove 321 on the inner side of the cylinder wall near the special-shaped cam 32, and the force transmission sleeve 7 can slide in the wavy groove 321 through the convex key 71. A return spring 8 is connected between the special-shaped cam 32 in the wavy groove 321 and the inner wall of the force transmission sleeve 7 near the building structure.

[0058] Under the influence of wind, earthquakes, and other mechanical forces, the composite viscous damper of this embodiment vibrates at both ends connected to the building structure. When the vibration is mild, the force transmission sleeve 7 moves slightly, driving the shaped camshaft 3, and subsequently the shaped turbine 4, to rotate slightly, resulting in low energy dissipation. When the vibration is more intense, the force transmission sleeve 7 moves more significantly, driving the shaped camshaft 3 and the shaped turbine 4 to rotate back and forth repeatedly in small, reciprocating motions, with a rotation frequency of up to 2-3 times the frequency of the force transmission sleeve 7. This repeatedly disrupts the inertial flow of the damping fluid 2, generating greater viscous resistance.

[0059] When the structural vibration gradually stops and the special-shaped camshaft 3 and the special-shaped turbine 4 gradually stop rotating, the return spring 8 will adjust the force transmission sleeve 7 to its original position, and the torque and preload of the preload spring coil 6 will adjust the special-shaped turbine back to its original position through the toothed friction slope between the special-shaped turbine 4 and the special-shaped friction wheel.

[0060] Example 3:

[0061] This embodiment provides a composite viscous damper with electromagnetic damping, such as Figure 5-8 As shown, it mainly includes a damping cavity 1, a special-shaped camshaft 3, a special-shaped turbine 4, a power transmission sleeve 7 and a permanent magnet 9.

[0062] The difference from Example 2 is that a permanent magnet 9 is mounted coaxially with the preload spring coil 6 on the inner wall of the damping cavity 1, opposite the preload spring coil 6. The preload spring coil 6 is connected to an external power source, and current flowing through the preload spring coil 6, in conjunction with the permanent magnet 9, generates a magnetic field. The shaped turbine 4 is made of a metallic conductor material, which, when vibrating, cuts through magnetic flux lines, generating an induced current within it, which in turn generates an Ampere force, thereby achieving electromagnetic damping.

[0063] Example 4:

[0064] A composite viscous damper of this embodiment mainly includes a damping chamber 1, a damping fluid 2, a special-shaped camshaft 3, a special-shaped turbine 4, a friction energy dissipation component 5, a preload spring coil 6, a force transmission sleeve 7, a return spring 8 and a permanent magnet 9.

[0065] The damping chamber 1 is a rectangular cavity made of magnetically resistant graphene foam material. It features a circular hole at the top and a rotating circular groove on the bottom of the inner wall. The interior of the damping chamber 1 is filled with a damping fluid 2, which is a mixture of silicone oil, a diluent, and an inorganic thermally conductive filler. The permanent magnet 9, made of a permanent magnet alloy, is fixed to the bottom of the damping chamber 1. The friction energy dissipation component 5 in this embodiment is a special-shaped friction wheel.

[0066] The round rod portion of the profiled camshaft 3 (i.e., the camshaft rod 31) passes through the center holes of the rubber-made profiled friction wheel and the metal-made profiled turbine 4, respectively, and is mounted in a rotating circular groove on the bottom surface of the damping chamber 1. The profiled turbine 4 is fixed to the camshaft rod 31, while the profiled friction wheel is not. A preload spring coil 6 is installed between the inside of the damping chamber 1 and the profiled friction wheel, and is fixed to both surfaces. It serves as both a torsion spring and an electromagnetic coil, providing torque resistance and preload for the profiled friction wheel and allowing for external current. The preload of the preload spring coil 6 can be adjusted to provide varying frictional resistance to the rotation of the profiled turbine 4. When the profiled turbine 4 stops rotating, the torque and preload of the preload spring coil 6 are applied via the toothed friction ramps between the profiled turbine 4 and the profiled friction wheel, returning the profiled turbine 4 to its original position. The preload applied by the preload spring coil 6, the resisting torque, and the shape, width, and inclination of the friction slope are calculated based on theoretical calculations related to structural vibration reduction. This ensures that the special-shaped turbine 4 has a maximum rotation angle of 110-115°, ensuring sufficient rotational energy dissipation while also enabling self-reset. When the structure vibrates violently, the friction force can be appropriately increased. The amount of current externally connected to the preload spring coil 6 is determined based on the on-site conditions during use. Active control can be achieved by connecting an external induction device, and the amount of current affects the amount of electromagnetic damping. The preload applied by the preload spring coil 6 to the special-shaped friction wheel can also be adjusted, thereby adjusting the amount of friction damping.

[0067] Outside the damping cavity 1, the bottom surface of the force transmission sleeve 7 is fixed to the building structure, and the three cam keys 71 on the inner wall at the other end are respectively inserted into three continuous wavy grooves 321 on the surface of the cam part of the special-shaped camshaft 3 along the axial direction. The waveform and depth of the groove match the shape of the cam key. The amplitude of the wavy groove 321 is calculated and determined based on the maximum rotation amplitude of the special-shaped camshaft 3, and the wavelength and number of waves are determined based on the length of the cam part. The maximum rotation amplitude of the special-shaped camshaft 3 is about 120°. Lubricating oil is applied to the inside of the wavy groove 321 to ensure that the cam key 71 can slide smoothly in the groove. The reset spring 8 is installed between the inner side of the bottom surface of the force transmission sleeve 7 and the bottom surface of the cam side of the special-shaped camshaft 3. The initial position of the force transmission sleeve 7 can be adjusted by adjusting the reset spring 8 according to the structural characteristics.

[0068] Under the influence of wind, earthquakes, and other mechanical forces, the composite viscous damper of this embodiment vibrates at both ends connected to the building structure. When the vibration is mild, the small movement of the force transmission sleeve 7 drives the shaped camshaft 3, and subsequently the shaped turbine 4, to rotate slightly, resulting in low energy dissipation. When the vibration is more intense, the large movement of the force transmission sleeve 7 drives the shaped camshaft 3 and the shaped turbine 4 to rotate back and forth repeatedly in small, reciprocating motions, with a rotation frequency of up to 2-3 times that of the force transmission sleeve 7. This repeatedly disrupts the inertial flow of the damping fluid 2, generating greater viscous resistance. The current, friction damping, and electromagnetic damping can also be adjusted appropriately to achieve multi-stage vibration reduction and active control.

[0069] When the vibration of the building structure gradually stops and the special-shaped camshaft 3 and the special-shaped turbine 4 gradually stop rotating, the return spring 8 will adjust the force transmission sleeve 7 to its original position, and the torque and preload of the preload spring coil 6 will adjust the special-shaped turbine back to its original position through the toothed friction slope between the special-shaped turbine 4 and the special-shaped friction wheel. The current can be appropriately reduced or the external current can be directly disconnected as needed.

[0070] The above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate understanding and use of the invention by those skilled in the art. It will be apparent that those skilled in the art can readily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without requiring inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite viscous damper, characterized in that: include: A damping cavity (1) filled with a damping fluid (2); A special-shaped camshaft (3) comprising a camshaft rod (31) and a special-shaped cam (32) coaxially connected to one end of the camshaft rod (31); the special-shaped cam (32) is arranged outside the damping cavity (1), and the other end of the camshaft rod (31) passes through a circular hole opened in the damping cavity (1) and is connected to the inner wall surface of the damping cavity (1); A special-shaped turbine (4) is fixedly mounted on a camshaft rod (31) and is connected to a friction energy dissipation component (5); the rim of the special-shaped turbine (4) is a friction slope with a special tooth shape, and the friction energy dissipation component (5) is a special-shaped friction wheel, which matches the shape of the rim of the special-shaped turbine (4); a preload spring coil (6) is further connected between the friction energy dissipation component (5) and the inner wall of the damping cavity (1) with a circular hole, and the preload spring coil (6) and the friction energy dissipation component (5) increase friction and provide self-resetting capability by applying pressure to the special-shaped turbine (4); A force transmission sleeve (7) has one end connected to the special-shaped cam (32) in a shape-matched manner, and the other end connected to the building structure; the surface of the special-shaped cam (32) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed wavy grooves (321) along the axial direction; the inner side of the cylinder wall of the force transmission sleeve (7) close to the special-shaped cam (32) is provided with a convex key (71) corresponding to the wavy groove (321) one by one, and the force transmission sleeve (7) can slide in the wavy groove (321) via the convex key (71).

2. A composite viscous damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall surface of the damping cavity (1) is provided with a circular groove for the camshaft rod (31) to rotate.

3. The composite viscous damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: A return spring (8) is connected between the special-shaped cam (32) and the force transmission sleeve (7) close to the inner wall of the building structure.

4. The composite viscous damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: A permanent magnet (9) coaxial with the preload spring coil (6) is mounted on the inner wall surface of the damping cavity (1).

5. The composite viscous damper according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pre-stressed spring coil (6) is externally connected to a power supply; The special-shaped turbine (4) is made of a metal conductor material.

6. Use of the composite viscous damper according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in vibration control of civil engineering structures.

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