Impingement device, method of motion analysis and rock drill

Abstract

The application discloses an impact device, a motion analysis method and a rock drill, and relates to the technical field of rock drilling equipment. The impact device is provided with a high-pressure oil circuit and a low-pressure oil circuit, the cylinder is provided with an acceleration channel and a buffer oil channel which are respectively connected with the piston cavity and the high-pressure oil circuit, and the high-pressure oil circuit is also used for supplying oil to the tail end of the oil distribution cover. The cylinder is also provided with an oil circuit switching channel, and the impact piston is provided with a balance channel which is used for being communicated with the oil circuit switching channel when the impact piston moves to a preset axial position so as to guide the high-pressure oil between the impact piston and the oil distribution valve to the oil distribution valve and the oil distribution cover. The cylinder is provided with a first oil return channel, the oil distribution cover is provided with an oil distribution channel which is used for being matched with the first oil return channel, and the push rod blocks the oil distribution channel when moving to the preset axial position. The overall structure of the impact device is more compact, the number of moving parts is greatly reduced, the failure rate and the later maintenance cost are reduced, and the maintenance efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of hydraulic percussion systems, in particular, to a percussion device, a motion analysis method and a rock drill. BACKGROUND

[0002] The hydraulic rock drill adopts rotary percussion drilling, and key components thereof include a percussion device and a rotary device. The percussion device of the rock drill impacts a drill bit tail through a piston at a high frequency, and transmits percussion energy to a drill bit through a drill rod, so as to act on a rock surface and impact and destroy the rock. Before the next impact, the rotary device drives the drill bit to rotate, so that the drill bit cuts and destroys the rock around the drill hole formed by the last impact. The above process is repeated, and the hydraulic rock drill completes the drilling operation.

[0003] The traditional percussion device of the hydraulic rock drill mainly includes eight axially movable parts: a valve cover, an oil distribution cover, a bushing, a push rod, a flow distribution valve, a push piston, an impact piston and a drill bit tail. During the stroke movement and return movement of the rock drill, the stress state and motion state of each part are different, and impact occurs between some parts. In addition, as the positions of some parts change, the oil pressure distribution of the percussion device also changes. Only when the motion state of each part at different times is clear, the impact frequency and impact work of the drill bit tail can be accurately calculated, and the design result can meet the rock breaking requirements. However, due to the large number of moving parts of the traditional percussion device of the rock drill, the motion state of each part is complex, and it is difficult to obtain accurate impact frequency, impact work and other results through calculation. Therefore, the failure rate is relatively high, and the maintenance cost is also high.

[0004] In the prior art, patent application 202111237673.5 discloses a percussion mechanism of a rock drill, which includes a containing cavity and a variable oil circuit. The containing cavity is provided with a piston and a reversing valve. The piston reciprocates along the piston axis in the containing cavity. The variable oil circuit cooperates with the damping force of the rear end of the push valve column to apply force to the piston through the reversing valve. The drive cavity is connected with the high-pressure oil circuit through the oil inlet throttle valve. The oil inlet throttle valve provides damping force for the push valve column. The oil return branch is connected with the oil return through the oil return throttle valve. The oil return throttle valve works to supplement the action of the oil inlet throttle valve, so as to ensure that the piston and the reversing valve continue to decelerate at low speed. Part of the reversing valve is connected with the drive cavity through the push valve column, so that the hydraulic pressure of the drive cavity acts on the reversing valve. Since the force applied to the piston by the reversing valve mainly changes the direction of the resultant force of the piston during the entire motion process, the piston reciprocates. However, in this structure, the push valve column has no motion limiting design, so that the push valve column and the reversing valve accelerate when the piston returns. When the piston and the reversing valve contact, a large impact force occurs, which is not conducive to the stable operation of the system and affects the service life.

[0005] In the prior art, patent application CN202211552500.3 discloses an impact device of a rock drill, which comprises a front stop sleeve, a cylinder sleeve and at least two rear stop sleeves. The front stop sleeve and any rear stop sleeve are coaxially connected in sequence with the cylinder sleeve. A stop groove corresponding to a drill is formed in the rear stop sleeve. The rear end of the drill is located in a cavity formed by the front stop sleeve and the rear stop sleeve. The bottom surface of the stop groove limits the limit position of the rear movement of the drill. The depths of the stop grooves formed in each rear stop sleeve are different in the axial direction of the rear stop sleeve. After standardization, the rear end stop sleeve only needs to be replaced to complete the power adjustment of the equipment, which is convenient to adjust. However, the impact device has the problem of many moving parts, the dynamics calculation is relatively complex, and the maintenance cost is relatively high in the later period. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides an impact device, a motion analysis method and a rock drill to solve the technical problem of high maintenance cost in the later period caused by the complex motion state of the moving parts of the impact mechanism in the prior art.

[0007] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0008] An impact device, comprising a cylinder body, an impact piston, a flow distribution valve, a push rod, an oil distribution cover and an end cover, the cylinder body is provided with a piston cavity for penetrating the impact piston, the oil distribution cover is provided at the tail end of the piston cavity, the end cover is provided at the tail end of the cylinder body to close the piston cavity, the flow distribution valve is arranged between the tail end of the impact piston and the oil distribution cover, the push rod penetrates the oil distribution cover, the impact device is respectively provided with a high-pressure oil path and a low-pressure oil path, the cylinder body is provided with an acceleration channel and a buffer oil channel respectively communicating the piston cavity and the high-pressure oil path, and the high-pressure oil path is also used to supply oil to the tail end of the oil distribution cover.

[0009] The cylinder body is also provided with an oil path switching channel for respectively communicating the tail end of the piston cavity and the axial pre-set position of the cavity wall of the piston cavity, the impact piston is provided with one or more balance channels, and the two ends of the balance channel are respectively communicated with the tail end and the side wall of the impact piston, so as to communicate with the oil path switching channel when the impact piston moves to the axial pre-set position, so as to guide the high-pressure oil between the impact piston and the flow distribution valve to the space between the flow distribution valve and the oil distribution cover.

[0010] The cylinder body is provided with a first oil return channel, the oil distribution cover is provided with an oil distribution channel respectively communicated with the inner wall and the outer wall of the oil distribution cover, and the push rod is used to block the oil distribution channel when moving to the axial pre-set position.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:

[0012] The cylinder is provided with a second oil return channel for respectively communicating with the low-pressure oil circuit and the piston cavity, the second oil return channel comprises a first oil port provided on the cavity wall of the piston cavity, the oil circuit switching channel comprises a second oil port provided on the cavity wall, and the outer wall of the impact piston is provided with a groove at an axial preset position for communicating the first oil port and the second oil port when the impact piston moves to the preset position.

[0013] The side of the groove close to the impact end of the impact piston is provided with a throttling structure for throttling when the groove communicates the first oil port and the second oil port and the impact piston moves in the backstroke direction, thereby braking the impact piston, the flow distribution valve and the push rod.

[0014] The balance channel comprises a third oil port provided on the side wall of the impact piston, and the third oil port of each balance channel is arranged at a preset axial position of the side wall of the impact piston, so that the balance channel and the oil circuit switching channel are conducted when the impact piston is at a plurality of axial preset positions.

[0015] The outer wall of the impact piston is provided with a buffer structure at an axial preset position for cooperating with the high-pressure oil of the buffer oil channel to brake and decelerate when the impact piston moves in the stroke direction to the preset position.

[0016] The oil distribution cover is provided with a guide hole at the head end and a guide cavity at the tail end along the axial direction, the guide hole is in communication with the guide cavity, the hole diameter of the guide hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide cavity, the push rod comprises a rod portion arranged towards the impact piston and a plugging segment for cooperating with the guide cavity, and the oil distribution channel comprises a fourth oil port provided on the inner wall of the guide cavity, and the plugging segment is used for plugging the fourth oil port of the oil distribution channel when the push rod moves to an axial preset position.

[0017] The tail end of the cylinder is provided with a first step structure for embedding the oil distribution cover, the oil circuit switching channel comprises a fifth oil port provided on the bottom surface of the first step structure, and the head end surface of the oil distribution cover is radially provided with an oil distribution groove for guiding the hydraulic oil of the fifth oil port to between the flow distribution valve and the oil distribution cover.

[0018] The passage diameter of the acceleration channel gradually decreases from the outer wall of the cylinder to the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present application, a motion analysis method is also provided, which applies the impact device of any one of the above, and the motion analysis method comprises:

[0020] S1. Analyzing the force of the target motion component in the current motion state, and calculating the acceleration of the target motion component in the current motion state.

[0021] S2. Taking the final speed of the previous state of the target moving part as the initial speed of the current moving state, and calculating the final speed of the current state according to the acceleration of the current moving state of the target moving part and the stroke of the current moving state;

[0022] S3. Calculating the time of the current moving state according to the final speed of the previous state of the target moving part, the final speed of the current state and the acceleration of the current state;

[0023] S4. Calculating the impact frequency.

[0024] According to another aspect of the present application, there is also provided a hydraulic rock drill applying the impact device as claimed in any one of the above.

[0025] The present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The impact piston, the flow distribution valve and the push rod are located at the tail end limit position, that is, the initial position of the stroke movement of the impact piston, at this time the head end of the push rod abuts against the flow distribution valve, the high-pressure oil path supplies oil to the tail end of the flow distribution cover, the high-pressure oil of the acceleration channel acts on the tail end of the impact piston, and the high-pressure oil of the tail end of the flow distribution cover acts on the push rod to drive the flow distribution valve and the impact piston to accelerate movement in the stroke direction, when moving to the preset position, the balance channel is connected with the oil path switching channel, the high-pressure oil at the tail end of the impact piston passes through the balance channel and the oil path switching channel to the flow distribution valve and the flow distribution cover, and the two ends of the push rod and the two ends of the flow distribution valve are all high-pressure oil, under the action of the area difference, the push rod and the flow distribution valve continue to accelerate movement in the stroke direction, the impact piston continues to accelerate movement to collide with the drill tail and rebound to make the impact piston decelerate in the return stroke direction, after deceleration to zero, the impact piston continues to accelerate movement in the stroke direction, when the push rod and the flow distribution valve move to close the opening of the acceleration channel on the wall of the piston cavity, the high-pressure oil of the buffer oil channel acts on the impact piston to make the middle part or the head end of the impact piston be high-pressure oil and the tail end be low-pressure oil, the impact piston decelerates forward, the push rod and the flow distribution valve continue to accelerate movement under the action of the high-pressure oil at the tail end, after the impact piston decelerates to zero, the impact piston accelerates in the return stroke direction under the action of the high-pressure oil of the buffer oil channel, at this time the flow distribution valve and the push rod continue to accelerate movement in the stroke direction, when the push rod moves to block the flow distribution channel to form a blind cavity to brake the push rod, the flow distribution valve and the push rod are separated and continue to move at a constant speed in the stroke direction, after colliding with the impact piston moving in the return stroke direction, the flow distribution valve and the impact piston jointly accelerate movement in the return stroke direction, the flow distribution valve and the impact piston accelerate movement in the return stroke direction, collide with the push rod, the high-pressure oil acting surface of the buffer oil channel is larger than the high-pressure oil acting surface of the tail end of the push rod, the impact piston, the flow distribution valve and the push rod accelerate movement in the return stroke direction, when the throttle structure near the groove on the impact piston moves to the second oil port on the cylinder body, the throttle structure throttles and pressurizes the low-pressure oil between the flow distribution valve and the flow distribution cover to make the impact piston, the flow distribution valve and the push rod start to brake and decelerate, until the speed is zero to complete a period of movement and return to the initial state; the impact device controls the conduction state of each related oil path according to the movement stroke of the impact piston, the push rod and the flow distribution valve, so as to realize the change and adjustment of the oil pressure acting on each moving part, simplify the overall structure of the impact device, greatly reduce the number of moving parts to only four, thereby reducing the failure rate and the maintenance cost in the later period, improving the maintenance efficiency, and while simplifying the structure, fully considering the system stability, matching the oil path change before the moving parts collide, braking the push rod, separating the flow distribution valve and the push rod to reduce the speed and mass of the impact piston, and reducing the influence on the system stability; the movement logic of the impact device is simple and clear, the number of parts is reduced to improve the accuracy of dynamic calculation, and the overall reliability of the system is improved.

[0027] In addition to the purposes, features and advantages described above, the present application has other purposes, features and advantages. The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which form a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the application, illustrate preferred embodiments of the application and assist in

[0029] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0030] Figure 2 is a motion state one schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0031] Figure 3 is a motion state two schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0032] Figure 4 is a motion state three schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0033] Figure 5 is a motion state four schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0034] Figure 6 is a motion state five schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0035] Figure 7 is a motion state six schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0036] Figure 8 is a motion state seven schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0037] Figure 9 is an enlarged view of A of Figure 8

[0038] Figure 10 is a displacement curve diagram of one cycle of the impact piston of a preferred embodiment of the application;

[0039] 1, housing 11, low pressure oil way 12, high pressure oil way 2, low pressure accumulator 3, high pressure accumulator 4, end cover 41, oil guide groove 5, cylinder body 51, buffer cavity 52, buffer oil way 53, acceleration passage 54, deceleration passage 57, second return oil passage 56, oil way switching passage 55, first return oil passage 6, oil distribution cover 61, oil distribution groove 62, oil distribution passage 63, blind cavity 7, push rod 8, oil distribution valve 81, oil distribution hole 9, impact piston 91, balance passage 92, recess 93, throttling structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0041] Reference Figures 1 to 10 ​The preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an impact device, including a cylinder body 5, an impact piston 9, a distribution valve 8, a push rod 7, an oil distribution cover 6 and an end cover 4. The cylinder body 5 is provided with a piston cavity for passing the impact piston 9. The oil distribution cover 6 is provided at the rear end of the piston cavity. The end cover 4 is provided at the rear end of the cylinder body 5 to close the piston cavity. The distribution valve 8 is provided between the rear end of the impact piston 9 and the oil distribution cover 6. The push rod 7 passes through the oil distribution cover 6. The impact device is respectively provided with a high-pressure oil circuit 12 and a low-pressure oil circuit 11. The cylinder body 5 is provided with an acceleration channel 53 and a buffer oil channel 52 respectively connecting the piston cavity and the high-pressure oil circuit 12. The high-pressure oil circuit 12 is also used to supply oil to the rear end of the oil distribution cover 6.

[0042] The cylinder body 5 is further provided with an oil switching passage 56 for connecting the rear end of the piston cavity and a predetermined axial position of the piston cavity wall. The impact piston 9 is further provided with one or more balancing passages 91. The ends of the balancing passages 91 are connected to the rear end and the side wall of the impact piston 9, respectively. When the impact piston 9 moves to a predetermined axial position, the balancing passages 91 are connected to the oil switching passage 56 to direct the high-pressure oil between the impact piston 9 and the distribution valve 8 to between the distribution valve 8 and the oil distribution cover 6.

[0043] The cylinder body 5 is provided with a first oil return channel 57, and the oil distribution cover 6 is provided with an oil distribution channel 62 which is respectively connected to the inner wall and the outer wall of the oil distribution cover 6, and is used to cooperate with the first oil return channel 57. The push rod 7 is used to block the oil distribution channel 62 when it moves to the axial preset position.

[0044] It should be understood that the outer wall of the impact piston 9 is tightly fitted with the wall of the piston chamber. The impact device includes a housing 1 for mounting the cylinder 5. During operation of the impact device, the housing 1 and the cylinder 5 are in a stationary state. The inner end surface of the end cover 4 is provided with radially evenly distributed oil guide grooves 41 connected to the high-pressure oil circuit 12 to guide the high-pressure oil to the rear end of the distribution cover. The high-pressure oil circuit 12 and the low-pressure oil circuit 11 are respectively provided in the housing 1. A high-pressure accumulator 3 connected to the high-pressure oil circuit 12 and a low-pressure accumulator 2 connected to the low-pressure oil circuit 11 are installed outside the housing 1. The specific implementation method thereof is implemented with reference to the existing technology.

[0045] The working principle of this impact device:

[0046] The impact piston 9, the distribution valve 8 and the push rod 7 are located at the rear end limit position, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown, the impact piston 9 is in the initial position of the stroke movement. At this time, the head end of the push rod 7 abuts against the distribution valve 8, and the high-pressure oil circuit 12 supplies oil to the tail end of the oil distribution cover 6. The high-pressure oil in the acceleration channel 53 acts on the tail end of the impact piston 9. At the same time, the high-pressure oil at the tail end of the oil distribution cover 6 acts on the push rod 7 to push the distribution valve 8 and the impact piston 9 to accelerate in the stroke direction. Figure 4As shown, when moving to the preset position, the balance channel 91 communicates with the oil path switching channel 56, the high-pressure oil at the tail end of the impact piston 9 passes through the balance channel 91 and the oil path switching channel 56 to the space between the distribution valve 8 and the distribution cover, and the two ends of the push rod 7 and the two ends of the distribution valve 8 are high-pressure oil. Under the action of the area difference, the push rod 7 and the distribution valve 8 continue to accelerate in the stroke direction, and the impact piston 9 continues to accelerate to collide with the drill tail and rebound to make the impact piston 9 decelerate in the return direction, and then continue to accelerate in the stroke direction after decelerating to zero, as shown in Figure 5 As shown, when the push rod 7 and the distribution valve 8 move to close the opening of the acceleration channel 53 on the piston cavity wall, the high-pressure oil in the buffer oil channel 52 acts on the impact piston 9, so that the middle or head end of the impact piston 9 is high-pressure oil, and the tail end is low-pressure oil. The impact piston 9 decelerates forward, and the push rod 7 and the distribution valve 8 continue to accelerate under the action of the high-pressure oil at the tail end, and the impact piston 9 accelerates in the return direction after decelerating to zero under the action of the high-pressure oil in the buffer oil channel 52, as shown in Figure 6 As shown, the distribution valve 8 and the push rod 7 continue to accelerate in the stroke direction, and when the push rod 7 moves to block the oil distribution channel 62 to form a blind cavity 63, the push rod 7 is braked, as shown in Figure 7 As shown, the distribution valve 8 and the push rod 7 continue to accelerate in the stroke direction, and when the push rod 7 moves to block the oil distribution channel 62 to form a blind cavity 63, the push rod 7 is braked, as shown in Figure 8 As shown, the distribution valve 8 and the push rod 7 continue to accelerate in the stroke direction, and when the push rod 7 moves to block the oil distribution channel 62 to form a blind cavity 63, the push rod 7 is braked, as shown in

[0047] In the embodiment, the cylinder body 5 is further provided with a deceleration passage 54 communicating with the piston cavity and the low-pressure oil passage 11 respectively, and the initial state is that the distribution valve 8 closes the opening of the deceleration passage 54 in the cavity wall. When the distribution valve 8 moves to the stroke direction to close the opening of the acceleration passage 53 in the cavity wall, the opening of the deceleration passage 54 in the cavity wall is opened, so that the tail end of the distribution valve 8 is filled with low-pressure oil. Under the action of the high-pressure oil in the buffer oil channel 52, the impact piston 9 moves forward at a deceleration, and the push rod 7 and the distribution valve 8 continue to move at an acceleration under the action of the high-pressure oil in the tail end. After the impact piston 9 decelerates to zero, it moves back at an acceleration under the action of the high-pressure oil in the buffer oil channel 52.

[0048] In the embodiment, the cylinder body 5 is further provided with a second oil return passage 55 for respectively communicating with the low-pressure oil passage 11 and the piston cavity. The second oil return passage 55 includes a first oil port provided in the cavity wall of the piston cavity, and the oil passage switching passage 56 includes a second oil port provided in the cavity wall. The outer wall of the impact piston 9 is provided with a groove 92 at a predetermined axial position, for communicating the first oil port and the second oil port when the impact piston 9 moves to the predetermined position, as shown in the figure. When the impact piston 9 moves back to the position where the groove 92 communicates the first oil port and the second oil port, the second oil return passage 55 communicates with the oil passage switching passage 56, thereby achieving the braking of the impact piston 9, the distribution valve 8 and the push rod 7. Figure 8

[0049] Further, the side of the groove 92 close to the impact end of the impact piston 9 is provided with a throttling structure 93 for throttling when the groove 92 communicates the first oil port and the second oil port and the impact piston 9 moves in the backstroke direction, thereby braking the impact piston 9, the distribution valve 8 and the push rod 7. Specifically, when the impact piston 9 continues to move in the backstroke direction, the throttling structure 93 limits the flow area between the second oil return passage 55 and the oil passage switching passage 56 to achieve throttling, thereby making the distribution valve 8, the impact piston 9 and the push rod 7 decelerate rapidly. Under the action of the throttling structure 93, the low-pressure oil at the tail end of the distribution valve 8 is pressurized, so that the low-pressure oil is converted into high-pressure oil, thereby achieving the braking of the impact piston 9 while having the energy recovery effect.

[0050] In the embodiment, the balance passage 91 includes a third oil port provided in the side wall of the impact piston 9, and the third oil port of each balance passage 91 is arranged at a predetermined axial position of the side wall of the impact piston 9, so as to guide the balance passage 91 and the oil passage switching passage 56 when the impact piston 9 is at a plurality of axial predetermined positions.

[0051] ​In the embodiment, the outer wall of the impact piston 9 is provided with a buffer structure at a preset position in the axial direction, which is used to brake and slow down the impact piston 9 when it moves to the preset position in the stroke direction, and cooperate with the high-pressure oil in the buffer oil channel 52. It can be understood that the opening position of the buffer oil channel 52 in the piston cavity wall matches the buffer structure to form a buffer cavity 51, so that the buffer cavity 51 is affected by the high-pressure oil within the preset stroke range of the impact piston 9.

[0052] In the embodiment, the flow distribution valve 8 is provided with a flow distribution hole 81 that respectively communicates with the head end and the tail end of the flow distribution valve 8, so that the head end and the tail end are communicated, and the response speed of the flow distribution valve 8 is improved.

[0053] In the embodiment, the oil distribution cover 6 is provided with a guide hole at the head end and a guide cavity at the tail end in the axial direction, the guide hole is communicated with the guide cavity, the diameter of the guide hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide cavity, the push rod 7 includes a rod part arranged towards the impact piston 9 and a plugging section used to cooperate with the guide cavity; the oil distribution channel 62 includes a fourth oil port on the inner wall of the guide cavity, the plugging section is used to plug the fourth oil port of the oil distribution channel 62 when the push rod 7 moves to a preset position in the axial direction, at this time, a blind cavity 63 is formed between the outer wall of the rod part of the push rod 7 and the inner wall of the guide cavity, the push rod 7 is braked, so that the head end of the push rod 7 is separated from the tail end of the flow distribution valve 8.

[0054] In the embodiment, the tail end of the cylinder body 5 is provided with a first step structure for embedding the oil distribution cover 6, the oil path switching channel 56 includes a fifth oil port on the bottom surface of the first step structure, the head end surface of the oil distribution cover 6 is radially provided with an oil distribution groove 61 for guiding the hydraulic oil of the fifth oil port to the space between the flow distribution valve 8 and the oil distribution cover 6.

[0055] It should be noted that the oil distribution cover 6 in the embodiment is also used as a moving part, as shown in Figures 2 to 3 After the stroke movement starts, the oil distribution cover 6, the push rod 7, the flow distribution valve 8 and the impact piston 9 are integrally moved under the action of the high-pressure oil at the tail end, the oil distribution cover 6 stops after moving to hit the bottom surface of the first step structure, and after the return movement, the cycle movement is completed after the impact piston 9, the push rod 7 and the flow distribution valve 8 return to slow down to hit the oil distribution cover 6 and move to the initial position with zero speed,

[0056] In the embodiment, the tail end of the cylinder body 5 is provided with a second step structure for covering the end cover 4, when the impact piston 9 needs to be taken out, the end cover 4 is only needed to be taken out, and the impact piston 9 can be taken out from the tail end of the cylinder body 5, which is convenient for installation and maintenance.

[0057] In the embodiment, the diameter of the acceleration channel 53 gradually decreases from the outer wall of the cylinder body 5 to the inner wall of the cylinder body 5, so that the oil pressure is more stable.

[0058] In the embodiment, the outer wall of the cylinder body 5 is provided with a high-pressure oil cavity which is communicated with the high-pressure oil passage 12 of the housing 1, and the buffer oil passage 52 and the acceleration passage 53 are both communicated to the high-pressure oil cavity, which has the functions of oil storage and oil supply, so that the system works more stably; similarly, the outer wall of the cylinder body 5 is also provided with a low-pressure oil cavity which is used for connecting with the low-pressure oil passage 11, and each oil return passage is communicated to the low-pressure oil cavity.

[0059] The motion analysis method of the embodiment applies the impact device described above, and the motion analysis method comprises:

[0060] S1. Analyzing the force of the current motion state of the target motion component, and calculating the acceleration of the current motion state of the target motion component;

[0061] Specifically, the acceleration value is calculated according to the formula , wherein a is the acceleration value, F is the resultant force of the motion component under the joint action of high-pressure oil and low-pressure oil, and m is the mass of the motion component;

[0062] S2. Taking the terminal speed of the previous state of the target motion component as the initial speed of the current motion state, and calculating the terminal speed of the current state according to the acceleration of the current motion state of the target motion component and the stroke of the current motion state;

[0063] Specifically, the terminal speed of the current state is calculated according to the formula , wherein v0 is the terminal speed of the previous state of the motion component, v1 is the terminal speed of the current state of the motion component, a is the acceleration of the current motion state of the motion component, and s is the stroke of the current motion state of the motion component

[0064] S3. Calculating the time of the current motion state according to the terminal speed of the previous state of the target motion component, the terminal speed of the current state, and the acceleration of the current state;

[0065] Specifically, the time of the current motion state is calculated according to the formula , wherein v0 is the terminal speed of the previous state of the motion component, v1 is the terminal speed of the current state of the motion component, a is the acceleration of the current motion state of the motion component, and t is the time spent in the current motion state;

[0066] S4. Calculating the impact frequency.

[0067] Specifically, the impact frequency is calculated according to the formula , wherein m s is the mass of the impact piston, v zj is the speed when the piston hits the tail, E is the impact work, t z is the time of one cycle of the motion of each component, and f is the impact frequency.

[0068] The impact device is applied to the motion analysis method, and the dynamic calculation is relatively simple, the calculation precision is high, and the system is stable and reliable.

[0069] As shown in Figure 10 The impact frequency of the impact device is analyzed according to the motion analysis method, and it is obvious that the return movement of the impact piston occupies most of the time in a motion cycle, the impact piston returns to the initial state at a relatively stable speed, effectively reduces the fluctuation of the system pressure, and ensures the stability of the system.

[0070] On the other hand, the embodiment also provides a rock drill applying the impact device.

[0071] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An impact device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cylinder body (5), an impact piston (9), a distribution valve (8), a push rod (7), an oil distribution cover (6) and an end cover (4), wherein the cylinder body (5) is provided with a piston cavity for passing the impact piston (9), the oil distribution cover (6) is provided at the rear end of the piston cavity, the end cover (4) is provided at the rear end of the cylinder body (5) to close the piston cavity, the distribution valve (8) is provided between the rear end of the impact piston (9) and the oil distribution cover (6), the push rod (7) is provided at the oil distribution cover (6), the impact device is provided with a high-pressure oil circuit (12) and a low-pressure oil circuit (11), the cylinder body (5) is provided with an acceleration channel (53) and a buffer oil channel (52) respectively connecting the piston cavity and the high-pressure oil circuit (12), and the high-pressure oil circuit (12) is also used to supply oil to the rear end of the oil distribution cover (6); The cylinder body (5) is further provided with an oil circuit switching channel (56) for respectively communicating the tail end of the piston cavity and an axially preset position of the cavity wall of the piston cavity; the impact piston (9) is respectively provided with one or more balancing channels (91); the two ends of the balancing channel (91) are respectively connected to the tail end and the side wall of the impact piston (9), and are used to communicate with the oil circuit switching channel (56) when the impact piston (9) moves to the axially preset position, so as to guide the high-pressure oil between the impact piston (9) and the distribution valve (8) to between the distribution valve (8) and the oil distribution cover (6); The cylinder body (5) is provided with a first oil return passage (57), the oil distribution cover (6) is provided with an oil distribution passage (62) which is respectively connected to the inner wall and the outer wall of the oil distribution cover (6) and is used to cooperate with the first oil return passage (57), and the push rod (7) is used to block the oil distribution passage (62) when it moves to a preset axial position; The cylinder body (5) is provided with a second oil return channel (55) for respectively connecting the low-pressure oil circuit (11) and the piston chamber, the second oil return channel (55) includes a first oil port opened in the cavity wall of the piston chamber, the oil circuit switching channel (56) includes a second oil port located in the cavity wall, and the outer wall of the impact piston (9) is provided with a groove (92) at an axial preset position for connecting the first oil port and the second oil port when the impact piston (9) moves to the preset position; A throttling structure (93) is provided on one side of the groove (92) close to the impact end of the impact piston (9), for throttling when the groove (92) is connected to the first oil port and the second oil port and the impact piston (9) moves in the return direction, thereby braking the impact piston (9), the distribution valve (8) and the push rod (7); The balancing channel (91) includes a third oil port located on the side wall of the impact piston (9), and the third oil port of each balancing channel (91) is respectively arranged at a preset axial position on the side wall of the impact piston (9), so that the balancing channel (91) and the oil circuit switching channel (56) are connected when the impact piston (9) is at a plurality of preset axial positions.

2. The impact device according to claim 1, characterized in that The outer wall of the impact piston (9) is provided with a buffer structure at an axial preset position, which is used to cooperate with the high-pressure oil in the buffer oil channel (52) to perform braking and deceleration when the impact piston (9) moves to the preset position in the stroke direction.

3. The impact device according to claim 1, characterized in that The oil distribution cover (6) is axially provided with a guide hole located at the head end and a guide cavity located at the tail end, the guide hole is connected to the guide cavity, the aperture of the guide hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the guide cavity, the push rod (7) includes a rod portion arranged toward the impact piston (9) and a blocking section for cooperating with the guide cavity; the oil distribution channel (62) includes a fourth oil port located on the inner wall of the guide cavity, and the blocking section is used to block the fourth oil port of the oil distribution channel (62) when the push rod (7) moves to a preset axial position.

4. The impact device according to claim 3, characterized in that The tail end of the cylinder body (5) is provided with a first step structure for embedding the oil distribution cover (6), the oil circuit switching channel (56) includes a fifth oil port located on the bottom surface of the first step structure, and the head end surface of the oil distribution cover (6) is radially provided with an oil distribution groove (61) for guiding the hydraulic oil of the fifth oil port to between the distribution valve (8) and the oil distribution cover (6).

5. The impact device according to claim 1, characterized in that The diameter of the acceleration channel (53) gradually decreases from the outer wall of the cylinder (5) to the inner wall of the cylinder (5).

6. A motion analysis method, characterized in that: Applied to the impact device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the motion analysis method comprises: S1. Analyze the force of the target moving part in the current motion state and calculate the acceleration of the target moving part in the current motion state; S2. The final velocity of the target moving part on a state is used as the initial velocity of the current motion state, and the final velocity of the current state is calculated based on the acceleration of the target moving part in the current motion state and the stroke of the current motion state; S3. Calculate the current motion state time based on the final velocity of the target moving part on the previous state, the final velocity of the current state, and the acceleration of the current state; S4. Calculate the impact frequency.

7. A hydraulic rock drill, characterized in that: The impact device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used.

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