A semi-closed electric cylinder for threshing

Abstract

The application discloses a wind-cooled semi-closed electric threshing cylinder, which comprises a feeding section, a threshing section, a separating section and a power mechanism, the power mechanism comprises a supporting shaft and a wheel hub motor, the feeding section is composed of a conical cylinder and a spiral blade, the threshing section is composed of a cylinder and a first threshing element, the separating section is composed of a cylindrical frame and a second threshing element, the conical cylinder, the cylinder and the cylindrical frame are sequentially connected, the wheel hub motor is sleeved on the supporting shaft and fixedly connected with the conical cylinder, and the threshing cylinder further comprises a sleeve, air supply blades and air exhaust blades; the sleeve is coaxially sleeved into the cylindrical frame; a plurality of air exhaust blades are fixed on the outer diameter of the cylindrical frame and distributed on the outer periphery of the sleeve; the air exhaust blades are long strip-shaped plates with an arc; and the air supply blades are fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve and sleeved on the supporting shaft through bearings. The structure of the threshing cylinder is improved, so that the wheel hub motor in the cylinder can be timely cooled, hot air is used to dry straws, the grain loss rate during rice and wheat harvesting is reduced, and energy saving and emission reduction are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to an air-cooled semi-enclosed electric threshing drum. Background Technology

[0002] The development of grain combine harvesters is of great significance for the comprehensive realization of agricultural mechanization and intelligentization, helping to improve agricultural production efficiency, reduce costs, ensure food security, and promote sustainable agricultural development. As one of the core components of a grain combine harvester, the threshing unit accounts for approximately 40% or more of the machine's total power consumption. Therefore, achieving green operation of the threshing drum is an important measure to promote energy conservation and emission reduction in agricultural machinery. It is foreseeable that electrically driven threshing drums will become a new trend in future development, further reducing operational energy consumption and emissions.

[0003] Currently, there are relevant research results regarding electrically driven threshing devices. For example, the State Intellectual Property Office has authorized a utility model patent: "A Threshing Machine with a Hub Motor," patent application number 201820273530.7. According to this patent, the hub motor is installed inside the threshing drum or auger. Due to the enclosed installation environment of the hub motor, it cannot be effectively cooled during operation. Considering the long-term, continuous, high-power operation of the threshing drum, failure to promptly dissipate heat from the hub motor will seriously threaten its safety and stability, affecting operational stability and ultimately impacting the overall machine efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an air-cooled semi-enclosed electric threshing drum. By improving the structure of the threshing drum, timely heat dissipation of the hub motor inside the drum can be achieved. Hot air is then used to dry the straw, reducing grain loss during rice and wheat harvesting. This allows for more thorough subsequent straw shredding, thereby alleviating the operational pressure on the subsequent straw shredding device and reducing its power consumption, ultimately achieving the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0005] To achieve the above technical objectives, the adopted technical solution is: an air-cooled semi-enclosed electric threshing drum, comprising a feeding section, a threshing section, a separating section, and a power mechanism. The power mechanism includes a support shaft and a hub motor. The feeding section consists of a cone without openings and spiral blades fixed on the cone. The threshing section consists of a drum without openings and first threshing elements circumferentially distributed on the drum surface. The separating section consists of a cylindrical frame and second threshing elements circumferentially fixed on the cylindrical frame. One end of the cone is seamlessly connected to one end of the drum, and the other end of the drum is connected to the cylindrical frame. The two ends of the support shaft are connected by bearings. On the cone and cylindrical frame, the hub motor is mounted on the support shaft through bearings and is fixedly connected to the cone, driving the cone, drum and cylindrical frame to rotate axially around the support shaft. The threshing drum also includes a sleeve, air supply blades and exhaust blades. The sleeve is coaxially fixed inside the cylindrical frame. Multiple exhaust blades are distributed around the outer circumference of the sleeve and fixed on the outer diameter of the cylindrical frame. The axis of the exhaust blades is parallel to the axis of the support shaft. The exhaust blades are long strip plates with an arc. The convex surface of the exhaust blades is the leeward side and the concave surface is the windward side. Air supply blades are fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve and mounted on the support shaft through bearings.

[0006] Furthermore, the axial length of the sleeve is greater than the axial length of the cylindrical frame, and the front end of the sleeve extends into the drum.

[0007] Furthermore, there is one air supply blade, which is fixed to the rear end of the sleeve.

[0008] Furthermore, there are two air supply blades, which are fixed to the front and rear ends of the sleeve, respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the support shaft is a hollow shaft with openings at both ends.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0011] 1. The threshing drum provides timely air cooling for the hub motor installed inside, and the hot air exhausted from the motor is blown into the threshing chamber. On one hand, the exhausted hot air disperses tangled and piled straw, preventing grains from getting trapped in the straw layers, thus promoting the separation of straw and grains and reducing losses to some extent. On the other hand, the exhausted hot air also dries the straw to a certain extent, allowing for more thorough subsequent straw shredding, thereby relieving the operational pressure on the subsequent straw shredding device and reducing its power consumption, ultimately achieving energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0012] 2. The sleeve extends into the drum. Because the connection surface (spokes) between the cylindrical frame and the drum is a partially connected structure, the extended sleeve, in conjunction with this, prevents debris from falling into the drum.

[0013] 3. Fixing the air supply blades to both ends of the sleeve can stabilize the sleeve, reduce deformation during rotation, allow the sleeve to bear the force more evenly, reduce noise and vibration, and also act as a reinforcing rib.

[0014] 4. The rotating parts generate heat during operation, and airflow is formed inside the hollow shaft. The airflow can carry away some of the heat and play a cooling role. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a front view of an air-cooled, semi-enclosed electric threshing drum.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural layout diagram of an air-cooled, semi-enclosed electric threshing drum.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of an air-cooled, semi-enclosed electric threshing drum.

[0018] Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural diagram of an air-cooled, semi-enclosed electric threshing drum;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a side view of an air-cooled, semi-enclosed electric threshing drum.

[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged diagram of point D;

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the air supply blades;

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust blades;

[0023] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust blades;

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Support shaft, 2. Bearing housing, 3. Hub motor, 4. Spiral blade, 5. Drum, 6. First threshing element, 7. Sleeve, 8. Second threshing element, 9. Exhaust blade, 10. Air supply blade, 11. Feeding section, 12. Threshing section, 13. Separation section, 14. Conical cylinder, 15. Cylindrical frame, 16. Convex surface, 17. Concave surface. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The preferred embodiments of the invention are given below with reference to the accompanying drawings to illustrate the technical solution of the invention in detail. The corresponding drawings will be provided for detailed explanation of the invention. It should be particularly noted that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit or restrict the invention.

[0026] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "inner," "outer," "front," "rear," "left," and "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish similar objects and should not be construed as a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such usage can be interchanged where appropriate.

[0027] This invention innovatively improves the structure of the threshing drum. During operation, the threshing drum generates axial cooling air to cool the hub motor inside. A special structure at the rear of the drum then redirects the cooled, hot air outflow, directing it towards the threshing chamber in the separation section. This achieves continuous cooling of the hub motor and, to a certain extent, effectively reduces grain loss during rice and wheat harvesting, improves the efficiency of the harvester's electric drive separation device, and ultimately achieves energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a wind-cooled semi-enclosed electric threshing drum includes a feeding section 11, a threshing section 12, a separating section 13, and a power mechanism. The power mechanism includes a support shaft 1 and a hub motor 3. The feeding section 11, threshing section 12, and separating section 13 achieve axial rotation through the power mechanism, and achieve feeding, threshing, and separation in conjunction with the external shell structure. The external shell structure is existing technology and will not be described in detail. The feeding section 11 is used to feed the grain to be threshed. The threshing section 12 is a primary threshing mechanism that performs preliminary threshing. The separating section 13 performs further threshing, separating the straw from the grain.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the feeding section 11 consists of a cone 14 without openings and spiral blades 4 fixed on the cone 14. The threshing section 12 consists of a drum 5 without openings and first threshing elements 6 circumferentially distributed on the surface of the drum 5. The first threshing element 6 can be one of flexible short grooved rods, grooved rod blocks, flexible rod teeth, plate teeth, or nail teeth. The separating section 13 consists of a cylindrical frame 15 and second threshing elements 8 circumferentially fixed on the cylindrical frame 15. The cylindrical frame 15 consists of spokes at both ends and connecting rods arranged circumferentially. The spokes are fixed at both ends of the connecting rods by bolts. The second threshing element 8 is set on the connecting rod. The second threshing element 8 adopts rigid rod teeth or nail teeth and is arranged along the axial direction of the connecting rod. The cone 14, drum 5, cylindrical frame 15, and support shaft 1 are coaxial.

[0030] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the small end (left end) of the cone 14 is sealed, and the right end is open. The other end (right end) of the cone 14 is seamlessly welded to one end (left end) of the drum 5. The drum is a cylinder with open ends, forming a closed drum with no air leakage on the surface. The right side of the drum 5 is open, and the other end (right end) of the drum 5 is connected to the cylindrical frame 15. The two ends of the support shaft 1 are connected to the cone 14 and the cylindrical frame 15 by bearings. Bearing seats 2 are provided on the cone 14 and the cylindrical frame 15 for installing bearings. The hub motor 3 is mounted on the support shaft 1 by bearings and is fixedly connected to the cone 14. The left end face of the hub motor 3 is fixed to the inner wall of the cone 14. The hub motor 3 drives the cone 14, the drum 5 and the cylindrical frame 15 to rotate axially around the support shaft 1. The support shaft 1 does not rotate. The threshing drum also includes a sleeve 7, air supply blades 10 and exhaust blades 9. The sleeve 7 is two A cylindrical sleeve 7 with an open end is coaxially fixed inside a cylindrical frame 15. The sleeve 7 and the cylindrical frame 15 are coaxial. The left end of the sleeve 7 is connected to the drum, and the right end is open. The sleeve 7 can be fixed to the spokes with bolts. Multiple exhaust blades 9 are distributed around the outer circumference of the sleeve 7 and are fixed on the outer diameter of the cylindrical frame 15. The axis of the exhaust blades 9 is parallel to the axis of the support shaft 1. The second threshing element 8 is arranged between the multiple exhaust blades 9. The second threshing element 8 is higher than the outer edge of the exhaust blades and is used for threshing. It can also be heated and dried by the air discharged from the exhaust blades 9 below. The multiple exhaust blades 9 and the row of second threshing elements 8 are arranged in a circumferential direction. The exhaust blades 9 are long strips with an arc. The convex surface 16 of the exhaust blades 9 is the leeward side and the concave surface 17 is the windward side. An air supply blade 10 is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve 7 and is sleeved on the support shaft 1 through a bearing.

[0031] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, when the threshing drum rotates clockwise, the direction in which the exhaust blades 9 bend (counter-clockwise) is opposite to the direction of rotation of the threshing drum. That is, the convex surface 16 is the leeward side, and the concave surface 17 is the windward side. Specifically, the line connecting the upper and lower vertices of the cross-section of the exhaust blade 9 forms an angle with the line connecting the upper vertex and the axis of the support shaft. This angle can be set from 0° to 18°, providing an exhaust effect. If the threshing drum rotates counter-clockwise, the exhaust blades 9 bend in the opposite direction. Figure 6 As shown, the arrangement is mirrored along the line connecting the top vertex and the axis of support, with the curvature turning clockwise. The entire threshing drum rotates clockwise (from...). Figure 5 (See below) After the exhaust blade 9 is installed, the concave surface 17 is needed as the force-bearing surface during rotation. It is equivalent to the concave surface 17 pushing the air to achieve the purpose of exhaust. It drives the air flow, thereby generating wind pressure and achieving the purpose of exhaust.

[0032] like Figure 3As shown, in actual operation, when the hub motor 3 drives the interconnected drums to rotate at high speed, the sleeve 7 also rotates at the same speed and in the same direction. The air delivery blades 10, which are concentrically connected to the sleeve 7, generate axial airflow towards the hub motor 3 due to their own rotation, continuously cooling the hub motor 3. After cooling, the air becomes hot air that flows outward axially along the inner wall of the cone 14 and the drum 5. When the hot air flows through the junction of the drum 5 and the cylindrical frame 15, the airflow direction is changed by the exhaust blades 9, blowing the hot air towards the outer periphery of the open cylindrical frame 15. The discharged hot air has two functions. First, the hot air can disperse the tangled and piled straw, preventing the grains from being mixed in the straw layers, thereby promoting the effective separation of straw and grains and reducing the loss rate to a certain extent. Second, the discharged hot air dries the straw to a certain extent, making the subsequent straw chopping more thorough, thereby reducing the operating pressure of the subsequent straw chopping device and reducing the power consumption of the straw chopping device, thus achieving the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction.

[0033] The axial length of sleeve 7 is greater than that of cylindrical frame 15. The front end of sleeve 7 extends into roller 5. The connection between cylindrical frame 15 and roller 5 is not completely continuous. Cylindrical frame 15 and roller 5 are fixed by bolts through spokes, which have several ventilation holes. The spokes serve two purposes: first, to provide support and connection; and second, to prevent debris from entering. By increasing the length of sleeve 7, it is possible to further prevent short stems, husks, dust, and other debris from entering roller 5 and affecting the balanced operation of the hub motor. In addition, the hot air further minimizes the risk of debris entering roller 5.

[0034] There is one air supply blade, which is fixed on the rear end of the sleeve (the air inlet end). Under the same air volume and air pressure, the power is smaller than that of two impellers, and the structure is easier to implement.

[0035] Two air supply blades 10 are provided, which are fixed to the front and rear ends of the sleeve 7 respectively. The front end of the sleeve 7 refers to the end aligned with the roller 5, and the opposite end (the air inlet end) is the rear end. That is, the structural orientation of all components is as follows: Figure 1As shown, the left end is the front end, and the right end is the rear end. The support spokes are made in a blade-like shape (i.e., air supply blades), with two positioned at each end of the sleeve to support its rotation around the hollow shaft. This enhances structural rigidity and stability: Support spokes at both ends increase the overall structural stability and rigidity, reducing potential deformation during rotation. It also improves balance: Supports at both ends allow for more even force distribution on the sleeve, improving its dynamic balance and reducing vibration and noise during rotation. Furthermore, the support spokes effectively bear the load on the sleeve, increasing structural strength and preventing damage due to excessive load. The design simplifies assembly: The end-support design simplifies assembly and positioning, ensuring precise alignment between the sleeve and the axis. Finally, it facilitates maintenance and inspection: Support spokes at both ends make inspection and maintenance of the contact area between the spokes and the sleeve easier, facilitating quick problem detection and maintenance. Two supports are sufficient; using three would increase cost and compromise assembly accuracy, making it difficult to meet coaxiality requirements.

[0036] Support shaft 1 is a hollow shaft with openings at both ends. The rotating parts generate heat during operation, and airflow is formed inside the hollow shaft. The airflow can carry away some of the heat and play a cooling role.

[0037] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit or restrict the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection declared by the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind-cooled semi-enclosed electric threshing drum, comprising a feeding section (11), a threshing section (12), a separating section (13), and a power mechanism, wherein the power mechanism comprises a support shaft (1) and a hub motor (3), characterized in that: The support shaft (1) is a hollow shaft with openings at both ends. The feeding section (11) consists of a cone (14) without openings on its surface and spiral blades (4) fixed on the cone (14). The threshing section (12) consists of a drum (5) without openings on its surface and first threshing elements (6) distributed circumferentially on the surface of the drum (5). The separation section (13) consists of a cylindrical frame (15) and second threshing elements (8) fixed circumferentially on the cylindrical frame (15). One end of the cone (14) is seamlessly connected to one end of the drum (5), and the other end of the drum (5) is connected to the cylindrical frame (15). The two ends of the support shaft (1) are connected to the cone (14) and the cylindrical frame (15) by bearings. The hub motor (3) is mounted on the support shaft (1) by bearings and fixedly connected to the cone (14). Then, the cone (14), drum (5) and cylindrical frame (15) are driven to rotate axially around the support shaft (1). The threshing drum also includes a sleeve (7), air supply blades (10) and exhaust blades (9). The sleeve (7) is coaxially fixed inside the cylindrical frame (15). There are multiple exhaust blades (9) fixed on the outer diameter of the cylindrical frame (15) around the outer circumference of the sleeve (7). The axis of the exhaust blades (9) is parallel to the axis of the support shaft (1). The exhaust blades (9) are long strip plates with arcs. The direction of the curvature of the exhaust blades (9) is opposite to the direction of rotation of the threshing drum. The convex surface of the exhaust blades (9) is the leeward side and the concave surface is the windward side. There are two air supply blades (10) fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve (7) and mounted on the support shaft (1) through bearings. The air supply blades (10) are fixed on the front and rear ends of the sleeve (7) respectively.

2. The air-cooled semi-enclosed electric threshing drum as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The axial length of the sleeve (7) is greater than the axial length of the cylindrical frame (15), and the front end of the sleeve (7) extends into the roller (5).

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