A red kiwifruit pollination liquid and a pollination method

Abstract

The application discloses a red-heart kiwi pollination liquid and a pollination method. The pollination liquid is composed of the following components with the following concentrations: pullulan 1-5 g / L, pollen 1-3 g / L, boric acid 0.01-0.02 g / L and brassinolide 1-2 g / L, and water. The pollination liquid of the application uses pullulan to replace sucrose, white sugar and plant polysaccharide in the prior art, and can obtain the pollination liquid mixed by not using plant source glue and other gum such as gum arabic, which has the advantages of good adhesion and high affinity with the style. Compared with other pollination liquid formulas, the pollination liquid of the application is not damaged by pests and has high fruit setting rate and high-quality fruit rate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural technology, in particular to a red heart kiwi pollination liquid and a pollination method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The red heart kiwi "Red Sun" is currently the main kiwi variety in Guangxi, which is deeply loved by consumers. However, there is a problem of mismatched flowering period between female and male plants in current production, which requires the purchase of commercial pollen for artificial pollination. Artificial pollination involves artificial flower picking, dry powder spray pollination, and liquid spray pollination. Artificial pollination has high labor costs, and dry powder spray pollination requires a large amount of pollen. The first team's years of experiments show that the fruit setting rate and fruit size of liquid spray pollination have made great progress compared with artificial pollination and dry powder spray pollination. There is currently a Chinese invention patent application number 202211170275.0, entitled "A kiwi pollination liquid, a preparation method thereof, and a kiwi pollination method", which discloses the use of white granulated sugar and large ball cap mushroom polysaccharide and plant-derived glue as an additive. This makes the pollen stable on the female stigma whether in rainy weather or in the afternoon (when the female stigma nectar is scarce), and the pollination quality is stable. The addition of brassinosteroids and large ball cap mushroom polysaccharide can significantly improve the fruit setting rate and high-quality fruit rate of kiwi. However, the current pollination liquid additive has low affinity with the stigma, poor adhesion, and the polysaccharide additive used has poor adhesion, and although it has achieved certain results in fruit setting rate, it is prone to attract pests and harm flowers and stigmas.

[0003] Pullulan is an extracellular water-soluble mucopolysaccharide similar to dextran and xanthan gum produced by Aureobasidium pullulans fermentation, also known as pullulan, and is transliterated as pullulan. It is a special microbial polysaccharide. Pullulan is mainly composed of maltotriose connected by a-1, 6 glycosidic bond. Due to its unique structure and properties, pullulan has wide application prospects in medicine, food, petroleum, and chemical industries. Because it can be degraded and utilized by microorganisms in nature, it does not cause environmental pollution, and is therefore known as a non-polluting plastic. Pullulan is one of the four new food additive products, and can be used as a coating agent and thickening agent in candies, chocolate coatings, films, compound seasonings, and fruit and vegetable juice beverages. However, there is no application of pollen and pollination in the agricultural field. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application overcomes the technical problems of poor adhesion and easy attraction of pests of the prior art pollination liquid additive, and provides a red heart kiwi pollination liquid and a pollination method.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] A red heart kiwifruit pollination liquid is composed of the following components at the following concentrations:

[0007] Pullulan 1-5 g / L, pollen 1-3 g / L, boric acid 0.01-0.02 g / L, and brassinolide 1-2 g / L, and the rest is water.

[0008] Further, the pollen is Baire commodity pollen.

[0009] Further, the pullulan is extracted and separated from fermented corn of Aureobasidium pullulans.

[0010] Further, the relative molecular weight of the pullulan is 5x10 4 -5.5x10 5 .

[0011] Another object of the present application is to protect the pollination method of the above-mentioned red heart kiwifruit pollination liquid, which is to spray the female plants of red heart kiwifruit during the period of 8:00-11:00 in the morning on a sunny day, and ensure that it does not rain within 2 hours after spraying, and if it rains, it needs to be re-sprayed.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: the pollination liquid of the present application uses pullulan to replace sucrose, white sugar and plant polysaccharides in the prior art, and can not use plant-derived glue and other gum such as gum arabic, and also has the advantages of good adhesion and high affinity with the style, and is not attacked by pests compared with other pollination liquid formulations, and has high fruit setting rate and high fruit quality rate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The present application will be further described below in combination with examples and tests.

[0014] Example 1

[0015] A red heart kiwifruit pollination liquid is composed of the following components at the following concentrations:

[0016] Pullulan 5 g / L, pollen 3 g / L, boric acid 0.02 g / L, and brassinolide 2 g / L, and the rest is water. The pullulan is extracted and separated from fermented corn of Aureobasidium pullulans, and the relative molecular weight of the pullulan is 5x10 4 -5.5x10 5 .

[0017] Example 2

[0018] A red heart kiwifruit pollination liquid is composed of the following components at the following concentrations:

[0019] Pullulan 1 g / L, pollen 1 g / L, boric acid 0.01 g / L and brassinolide 1 g / L, and the rest is water. The pullulan is extracted and separated from the fermented corn of Aureobasidium pullulans, and the relative molecular weight of the pullulan is 5*10 4 ~ 5.5*10 5 .

[0020] Example 3

[0021] A red heart kiwifruit pollination liquid is composed of the following components at the following concentrations:

[0022] Pullulan 3 g / L, pollen 2 g / L, boric acid 0.015 g / L and brassinolide 1.5 g / L, and the rest is water. The pullulan is extracted and separated from the fermented corn of Aureobasidium pullulans, and the relative molecular weight of the pullulan is 5*10 4 ~ 5.5*10 5 .

[0023] The inventors studied and adjusted the pollination liquid formula in the test, compared the pollination effects of different amounts of sucrose, different amounts of pollen, different amounts of boric acid, different viscosity additives, and the addition of the growth regulator brassinolide, and compared with artificial point powder and natural pollination. The configuration of each treatment is as shown in Table 1:

[0024] Table 1

[0025]

[0026]

[0027] Note: In Table 1, the organic silicon additive is produced by Yongji City and Fengyuan Fertilizer Co., Ltd., with a commodity code of SZ Fengyuan organic silicon 100 ml and a commodity code of 70737563107. The neutral detergent is Liwei Fresh Lemon Detergent, with a commodity code of 1119934. The Baier commodity pollen is "Baier" brand kiwi pollen, produced by Shaanxi Baier Kiwi Research Institute Co., Ltd.

[0028] The pine pollen used in the experiment is collected from the flower spikes of pine trees. The specific method is to spread the flower spikes of pine trees on plastic film, and then dry them in the sun for 3 days under sufficient light and natural ventilation conditions. After sieving through a 60-80 mesh sieve, the sieved pollen is dried to a moisture content of 15% and then sieved through a 200 mesh sieve. The Guihai No. 4 male pollen is collected from the male pollen of Guihai No. 4 of Chinese kiwi. (In Table 1, except for the mixed pollen group 1, the mixed pollen group 2 and the natural pollination, the rest of the treatment groups are liquid spray pollination)

[0029] In "Red Sun" red heart kiwifruit orchard, multiple plots are divided, each plot 0.5 mu, all plots are installed according to every 20 square meters of trap lamp, then each plot is respectively pollinated according to the treatment group of table 1, spraying pollination is started after two days of initial flowering, and ends when the total flowering rate reaches more than 80%, the total pollination time is 3-4 days. The pollination time is from 10am to 11am, the fruit setting rate is investigated after 20 days of pollination, the fruit size and single fruit weight are measured after the fruit ripens. The insects in the trap lamp are emptied before pollination, the number of insects in the trap lamp is counted after pollination, the average value is removed, and the statistics are shown in the following table 4.

[0030] 1. Relative fruit setting rate, the ratio of actual fruit setting rate to flowering rate at the end of pollination is taken as the relative fruit setting rate. The fruit setting rate results of each experimental group are shown in table 2 below.

[0031] Table 2 fruit setting rate of different treatments

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] From table 2, we can know that:

[0035] (1) Adding different amounts of sucrose has an effect on fruit setting rate, the fruit setting rate of the treatment adding 5g sucrose is significantly higher than that of the control (2g), and that of the treatment adding 10g sucrose, from the relative fruit setting rate, the treatment adding 5g sucrose > the treatment adding 10g sucrose > the control.

[0036] (2) The treatment adding 3g pollen has the highest fruit setting rate, but the fruit setting rate can also reach 74.82% when adding 1g pollen, and the relative fruit setting rate is as high as 91.14%, from the economic point of view, 1g pollen can also be added per liter of pollination liquid.

[0037] (3) Boron element can promote pollen tube germination, which is beneficial to pollination, but the results of this test show that it is not the more boron element added, the higher the fruit setting rate, the fruit setting rate and relative fruit setting rate of the treatment adding 0.01g borax > 0.1g > 1g.

[0038] (4) Adding brassinolide is beneficial to pollination, the fruit setting rate and relative fruit setting rate of the treatment adding brassinolide are significantly higher than those of the control, and the fruit setting rate of the treatment adding only brassinolide is also higher than that of the control.

[0039] (5) Using organic silicon additives instead of arabic gum has general effect, and the fruit setting rate has little difference with the control. Among them, household detergent has poor effect in increasing the viscosity of pollination liquid. Therefore, the viscosity additive is still arabic gum.

[0040] (6) The fruit setting rate of artificial point powder is high, and the fruit setting rate of artificial point powder of mixed pollen group 2 is higher than that of mixed pollen group 1. Compared with artificial point powder, the fruit setting rate of liquid pollination can be as high as 90% when the formula is appropriate, and the optimal formula is examples 1-3, which has little difference with artificial point powder. The fruit setting rates of artificial point powder and liquid pollination are both extremely significantly higher than that of natural pollination.

[0041] (7) Compared with Guihai No. 4 male pollen, the activity of Baire commodity pollen is good, and it can be used for artificial pollination of Hongyang kiwifruit.

[0042] (8) After adding pullulan, the fruit setting rate of the combination of sucrose and arabic gum is significantly reduced, while the fruit setting rate is high when pullulan is used alone without adding sucrose and arabic gum.

[0043] 2, The fruit size of different treatments is shown in the following table 3.

[0044] Table 3 Fruit size index of different treatments

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] From table 3, it can be seen that the fruits treated with artificial point powder of mixed pollen group 2 and 0.01g borax are larger, and the average single fruit weight is significantly higher than that of the control. The fruit size treated with artificial point powder of mixed pollen group 1 and brassinolide + boric acid is second, which is also higher than that of the control. Compared with mixed pollen group 2, the fruit treated with 0.01g boric acid has smaller horizontal diameter and lateral diameter, and the fruit is slender. 3) Considering the fruit setting rate and fruit size, the liquid pollination example 2, i.e. pullulan 1g / L, pollen 1g / L, boric acid 0.01g / L and brassinolide 1g / L, is the best.

[0048] 3, The influence of pollination liquid on insects is shown in table 4.

[0049] Table 4. Influence of different pollination liquids on insects

[0050]

[0051]

[0052] From table 4, it can be seen that different pollination liquids have different effects on insects, and the effect of insects is the least when only pullulan is added without other additives, which shows that the invention has the least effect on insects and insect pests.

[0053] The above description is for the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of the patent application of the present application. Any equivalent changes or modifications made under the technical spirit of the present application should be covered by the patent scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A red kiwifruit pollenating liquid, characterized by, It is composed of the following components with the following concentrations: Pullulan 1~5g / L, pollen 1~3g / L, boric acid 0.01~0.02g / L and brassinolide 1~2g / L, and water.

2. The red kiwifruit pollination fluid according to claim 1, wherein, The pollen is the pollen of Baitai commodity.

3. The red kiwifruit pollination fluid of claim 1, wherein, The pullulan is obtained by fermenting corn with Aureobasidium pullulans and then extracting and separating.

4. The red kiwifruit pollination fluid of claim 3, wherein, The relative molecular weight of the pullulan is 5 x 10 4 ~ 5.5 x 10 5 .

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