Solar glass antireflection film gain film liquid and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The application provides a solar glass antireflection film gain film liquid and a preparation method and application thereof. The solar glass antireflection film gain film liquid comprises a prepared liquid and a volatility inhibitor, and the preparation raw materials of the prepared liquid comprise silicate, a diluent, water and a catalyst, and the mass ratio of the silicate, the diluent, the water and the catalyst is 10-25:25-55:5-15:0.1-1.0. The solar glass antireflection film gain film liquid does not significantly reduce the transmittance of the original film layer, and can endow the film layer with high hardness and high weather resistance, especially improve the weather resistance in the PCT high-pressure accelerated aging test which is quite harsh in test conditions, and can greatly prolong the service life of the original film layer. The application further provides a preparation method and application of the solar glass antireflection film gain film liquid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solar photovoltaic module technology, specifically relating to a solar glass antireflective film gain liquid, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing public concern for climate, energy, and sustainable development, solar energy, as an inexhaustible and clean energy source, is receiving growing attention and utilization. Currently, solar photovoltaic (PV) glass modules are widely used in the solar power industry due to their advantages such as high efficiency, long lifespan, and ease of maintenance. The cover glass used in PV modules is typically coated with an anti-reflective film. This film contains artificially created pores or voids to reduce its refractive index, thereby minimizing sunlight reflection and further improving power generation efficiency. However, due to the hollow structure of the anti-reflective film, its hardness and weather resistance are generally poor, making it prone to scratches and adhesive residue, affecting product quality and shortening its lifespan.

[0003] In related technologies, some scholars have developed a polymer substrate with a high-hardness hard coating formed by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PE-CVD). The aim is to obtain a structure possessing all three properties: wear resistance comparable to inorganic glass, resistance to boiling water (including the "time-dependent" properties of adhesion), and excellent heat resistance. This structure could be used in automotive window materials, building components, and surface protection panels for solar cells. However, this hard coating aims to achieve the same hardness and weather resistance as acrylic glass, and only the wavenumber of 930 cm⁻¹ was investigated. -1 With 1020cm -1 Wavenumber 1280cm -1 With 1020cm -1 The study focused on the infrared absorbance ratio, neglecting the transmittance of the film layer to the 380–1100 nm solar spectrum. Other researchers designed a laminated structure with excellent optical properties, scratch resistance, and high hardness; however, the outermost layer of this laminated structure uses an active energy line curable resin composition, which has poor UV resistance and weather resistance. Still other researchers designed a high-gain, durable anti-reflective coating; however, this thin-film coating only considered abrasion resistance and did not address other weather resistance properties.

[0004] Therefore, there is a need to develop a new material that can form antireflective films with better performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the aforementioned technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a gain-enhancing liquid for solar glass antireflective coatings. This liquid is uniformly coated onto the surface of the photovoltaic glass antireflective coating layer. After the glass is tempered, it can tightly bond with the original coating layer without significantly reducing the transmittance of the original coating layer, and can impart high hardness and high weather resistance to the coating layer. In particular, it improves its weather resistance in the extremely demanding PCT high-pressure accelerated aging test, which can significantly extend the service life of the original coating layer.

[0006] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a gain film liquid for an antireflective coating on solar glass.

[0007] The present invention also provides an anti-reflective coating for solar glass.

[0008] The first aspect of the present invention provides a gain film liquid for a solar glass antireflection film, comprising a pre-prepared liquid and a volatilization inhibitor. The raw materials for preparing the pre-prepared liquid include silicate ester, diluent, water and catalyst, wherein the mass ratio of silicate ester, diluent, water and catalyst is 10-25:25-55:5-15:0.1-1.0.

[0009] One of the technical solutions of the present invention concerning the gain film liquid for antireflective coating of solar glass has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0010] The solar glass antireflective coating gain liquid of the present invention aims to solve the defects of low hardness and poor weather resistance of solar glass antireflective coatings, which result in a short service life.

[0011] In order to improve the transmittance of traditional solar glass antireflective coatings, the porosity of the coating is usually increased. As a result, the coating has poor hardness, dirt resistance and weather resistance. In particular, it is difficult to pass the PCT high-pressure accelerated aging test, which is directly related to the service life of the coating.

[0012] The solar glass antireflective coating gain liquid of the present invention is prepared by adding diluent, volatilization inhibitor and stabilizer to the hydrolysis product of silicate under certain conditions. The coating liquid is uniformly coated on the surface of photovoltaic glass antireflective film layer. After the glass is tempered, it can be tightly bonded to the original film layer without significantly reducing the transmittance of the original film layer. It can also give the film layer high hardness and high weather resistance, especially improving its weather resistance in the PCT high-pressure accelerated aging test under very harsh test conditions, which can greatly extend the service life of the original film layer.

[0013] The solar glass antireflective coating gain liquid of the present invention does not require coating on both sides of the glass. It not only enhances the transparency of the coating layer itself, but also improves hardness and weather resistance.

[0014] The gain film liquid for solar glass antireflective coating of this invention aims to improve the hardness and weather resistance of the antireflective coating. Specifically, this invention involves directly coating the antireflective coating layer onto the surface, rather than directly coating it onto the glass surface. The film liquid of this invention allows for free adjustment of the solid content and evaporation rate, thereby addressing and protecting antireflective coatings of different types or coating processes. For example, when the uniformity of the antireflective coating is insufficient, the solid content of the gain film liquid of this patent can be appropriately increased or the evaporation rate can be decreased, making its use more flexible.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the volatile inhibitor includes at least one selected from ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol butyl ether, and diacetone alcohol.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the silicate ester includes at least one selected from methyl orthosilicate, ethyl orthosilicate, n-propyl orthosilicate, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, methyltripropoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, ethyltripropoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, dimethyldipropoxysilane, trimethylmethoxysilane, trimethylethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, and phenyltripropoxysilane.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the silicate ester includes at least one selected from tetraethyl orthosilicate, methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, and trimethylethoxysilane.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the diluent includes at least one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and n-butanol.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the catalyst includes at least one selected from hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, benzoic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, and malic acid.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the solid content of the gain film liquid of the solar glass antireflection film is 1wt% to 3wt%.

[0021] By controlling the solid content of the liquid film, the gain liquid of the solar glass antireflective coating can be made suitable for different types of antireflective coatings.

[0022] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a gain film liquid for an antireflective coating on solar glass, comprising the step of mixing the pre-prepared liquid with a volatilization inhibitor.

[0023] One technical solution of the present invention relating to the preparation method of the gain film liquid for antireflective coating of solar glass has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The preparation method of the present invention does not require expensive equipment and complex process control, the reaction conditions are not harsh, the raw materials are readily available, the production cost is low, and it is easy to industrialize.

[0025] The film liquid preparation process in this invention is simple, easy to use, and highly stable, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production. At the same time, it can endow the antireflective film layer of solar glass with high hardness and high weather resistance, extend its service life, and reduce the maintenance cost of solar photovoltaic glass modules.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method of the pre-formulated liquid is as follows: stirring and reacting the silicate ester, diluent, water and catalyst at room temperature.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the method includes the following steps: mixing the pre-prepared liquid and the diluent to obtain a mixture, and adding the volatilization inhibitor to the mixture.

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method of the gain film liquid for the antireflective coating of solar glass includes the following steps:

[0029] (1) Mix silicate, diluent, water and catalyst in a mass ratio of 10-25:25-55:5-15:0.1-1.0 and stir at room temperature for 3-5 hours. After the reaction is completed, a pre-prepared solution is obtained.

[0030] (2) Mix the pre-prepared solution and diluent in a certain proportion, and then add a volatilization inhibitor at 4-8% of the total mass of the solution to prepare a gain film solution with a solid content of 1-3 wt.%.

[0031] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in step (2), the mass ratio of the pre-prepared liquid to the diluent is 1:3 to 7.

[0032] A third aspect of the present invention provides a solar glass antireflective film layer, which is formed by curing the solar glass antireflective film gain liquid of the present invention.

[0033] One of the technical solutions of the present invention concerning the antireflective coating layer for solar glass has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0034] The solar glass antireflective coating of the present invention, by uniformly coating the coating liquid of the present invention onto the surface of the photovoltaic glass antireflective coating, can be tightly bonded to the original coating after the glass is tempered, without significantly reducing the transmittance of the original coating, and can endow the coating with high hardness and high weather resistance, especially improving its weather resistance in the PCT high-pressure accelerated aging test under very harsh testing conditions, which can greatly extend the service life of the original coating.

[0035] The antireflective coating layer of the solar glass of the present invention is disposed on the surface of a film layer formed by a purchased antireflective coating liquid. That is, the structure of the solar glass is a solar glass substrate, a film layer formed by a purchased antireflective coating liquid is disposed on the surface of the solar glass, and the antireflective coating layer of the solar glass of the present invention is disposed on the surface of the film layer formed by the purchased antireflective coating liquid. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, a gain film liquid for solar glass antireflection film is provided, comprising a pre-prepared liquid and a volatilization inhibitor. The raw materials for preparing the pre-prepared liquid include silicate ester, diluent, water and catalyst, and the mass ratio of silicate ester, diluent, water and catalyst is 10-25:25-55:5-15:0.1-1.0.

[0038] It is understood that the solar glass antireflective film gain liquid of the present invention aims to solve the defects of low hardness and poor weather resistance of solar glass antireflective film layer, resulting in short service life.

[0039] In order to improve the transmittance of traditional solar glass antireflective coatings, the porosity of the coating is usually increased. As a result, the coating has poor hardness, dirt resistance and weather resistance. In particular, it is difficult to pass the PCT high-pressure accelerated aging test, which is directly related to the service life of the coating.

[0040] The solar glass antireflective coating gain liquid of the present invention is prepared by adding diluent, volatilization inhibitor and stabilizer to the hydrolysis product of silicate under certain conditions. The coating liquid is uniformly coated on the surface of photovoltaic glass antireflective film layer. After the glass is tempered, it can be tightly bonded to the original film layer without significantly reducing the transmittance of the original film layer. It can also give the film layer high hardness and high weather resistance, especially improving its weather resistance in the PCT high-pressure accelerated aging test under very harsh test conditions, which can greatly extend the service life of the original film layer.

[0041] The solar glass antireflective coating gain liquid of the present invention does not require coating on both sides of the glass. It not only enhances the transparency of the coating layer itself, but also improves hardness and weather resistance.

[0042] The gain film liquid for solar glass antireflective coating of this invention aims to improve the hardness and weather resistance of the antireflective coating. Specifically, this invention involves directly coating the antireflective coating layer onto the surface, rather than directly coating it onto the glass surface. The film liquid of this invention allows for free adjustment of the solid content and evaporation rate, thereby addressing and protecting antireflective coatings of different types or coating processes. For example, when the uniformity of the antireflective coating is insufficient, the solid content of the gain film liquid of this patent can be appropriately increased or the evaporation rate can be decreased, making its use more flexible.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the volatile inhibitor includes at least one of ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol butyl ether, and diacetone alcohol.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, the silicate ester includes at least one selected from methyl orthosilicate, ethyl orthosilicate, n-propyl orthosilicate, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, methyltripropoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, ethyltripropoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, dimethyldipropoxysilane, trimethylmethoxysilane, trimethylethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, and phenyltripropoxysilane.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present invention, the silicate ester includes at least one selected from tetraethyl orthosilicate, methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, and trimethylethoxysilane.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, the diluent includes at least one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and n-butanol.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, the catalyst includes at least one selected from hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, benzoic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, and malic acid.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, the solid content of the gain film liquid of the solar glass antireflection film is 1wt% to 3wt%.

[0049] By controlling the solid content of the liquid film, the gain liquid of the solar glass antireflective coating can be made suitable for different types of antireflective coatings.

[0050] In other embodiments of the present invention, a method for preparing a gain film liquid for an antireflective coating on solar glass is provided, comprising the step of mixing a pre-prepared liquid with a volatilization inhibitor.

[0051] It is understood that the preparation method of the present invention does not require expensive equipment and complex process control, the reaction conditions are not harsh, the raw materials are readily available, the production cost is low, and it is easy to industrialize.

[0052] Furthermore, the film liquid preparation process in this invention is simple, easy to use, and highly stable, making it suitable for large-scale industrial production. At the same time, it can endow the antireflective film layer of solar glass with high hardness and high weather resistance, extend its service life, and reduce the maintenance cost of solar photovoltaic glass modules.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pre-prepared liquid is prepared by stirring silicate ester, diluent, water and catalyst at room temperature.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, the following steps are included: mixing a pre-prepared liquid and a diluent to obtain a mixture, and adding a volatilization inhibitor to the mixture.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the gain film liquid of the antireflective coating on solar glass includes the following steps:

[0056] (1) Mix silicate, diluent, water and catalyst in a mass ratio of 10-25:25-55:5-15:0.1-1.0 and stir at room temperature for 3-5 hours. After the reaction is completed, a pre-prepared solution is obtained.

[0057] (2) Mix the pre-prepared solution and diluent in a certain proportion, and then add a volatilization inhibitor at 4-8% of the total mass of the solution to prepare a gain film solution with a solid content of 1-3 wt.%.

[0058] In some other embodiments of the present invention, a solar glass antireflective film layer is provided, which is formed by curing the solar glass antireflective film gain liquid of the present invention.

[0059] It is understood that the solar glass antireflective coating of the present invention, by uniformly coating the coating liquid of the present invention onto the surface of the photovoltaic glass antireflective coating, can be tightly bonded to the original coating after the glass is tempered, without significantly reducing the transmittance of the original coating, and can endow the coating with high hardness and high weather resistance, especially improving its weather resistance in the PCT high-pressure accelerated aging test under very harsh test conditions, which can greatly extend the service life of the original coating.

[0060] The technical solution of the present invention will be better understood below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0061] It should be noted that all reagents used in the examples were obtained from commercially available sources.

[0062] The core raw material of the purchased antireflective film liquid in the examples and comparative examples was purchased from Shandong Baiteke New Material Co., Ltd., model: MA12-30.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] First, a gain film solution for an antireflective coating on solar glass was prepared, specifically as follows:

[0065] (1) Add 20.8g of tetraethyl orthosilicate, 52.9g of ethanol and 0.2g of hydrochloric acid with a molar concentration of 0.2mol / L to a conical flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer in sequence, and add 11.3g of water while stirring. Stir continuously at room temperature for 4h. After the reaction is completed, a pre-prepared liquid with a solid content of about 8.6wt.% is obtained.

[0066] (2) Mix 20g of pre-prepared liquid and 66g of ethanol, and then add 4.3g of diethylene glycol butyl ether to prepare an antireflection film gain liquid with a solid content of about 2wt.%.

[0067] Subsequently, the purchased antireflective coating liquid was applied to the solar glass using a roller coating method, and then baked and cured at 160°C. After the glass temperature was lowered to 20-60°C, the antireflective gain coating liquid was applied to the surface of the antireflective coating layer using a roller coating method, and baked and cured at 160°C. Then, the glass was tempered at 680-720°C to obtain the antireflective gain coated glass.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] First, a gain film solution for an antireflective coating on solar glass was prepared, specifically as follows:

[0070] (1) Add 10.4g tetraethyl orthosilicate, 1.5g methyltriethoxysilane, 27.0g ethanol and 0.2g hydrochloric acid with a molar concentration of 0.2mol / L to a conical flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer in sequence, and add 6.7g water while stirring. Stir continuously at room temperature for 4h. After the reaction is completed, a pre-prepared solution with a solid content of about 9.6wt.% is obtained.

[0071] (2) Mix 20g of pre-prepared liquid and 44g of ethanol, and then add 5.1g of diethylene glycol butyl ether to prepare an antireflection film gain liquid with a solid content of about 3wt.%.

[0072] Subsequently, the purchased antireflective coating liquid was applied to the solar glass using a roller coating method, and then baked and cured at 160°C. After the glass temperature was lowered to 20-60°C, the antireflective gain coating liquid was applied to the surface of the antireflective coating layer using a roller coating method, and baked and cured at 160°C. Then, the glass was tempered at 680-720°C to obtain the antireflective gain coated glass.

[0073] Example 3

[0074] First, a gain film solution for an antireflective coating on solar glass was prepared, specifically as follows:

[0075] (1) Add 20.8g tetraethyl orthosilicate, 4.5g methyltriethoxysilane, 52.9g isopropanol and 0.2g nitric acid with a molar concentration of 0.2mol / L to a conical flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer in sequence, and add 14.8g water while stirring. Stir continuously at room temperature for 4h. After the reaction is completed, a pre-prepared solution with a solid content of about 10.1wt.% is obtained.

[0076] (2) Mix 20g of pre-prepared liquid and 81g of isopropanol, and then add 4.1g of diethylene glycol butyl ether to prepare an antireflection film gain liquid with a solid content of about 2wt.%.

[0077] Subsequently, the purchased antireflective coating liquid was applied to the solar glass using a roller coating method, and then baked and cured at 160°C. After the glass temperature was lowered to 20-60°C, the antireflective gain coating liquid was applied to the surface of the antireflective coating layer using a roller coating method, and baked and cured at 160°C. Then, the glass was tempered at 680-720°C to obtain the antireflective gain coated glass.

[0078] Example 4

[0079] First, a gain film solution for an antireflective coating on solar glass was prepared, specifically as follows:

[0080] (1) Add 10.4g tetraethyl orthosilicate, 1.5g methyltriethoxysilane, 1.0g dimethyldiethoxysilane, 52.9g ethanol and 1.0g phosphoric acid with a molar concentration of 0.2mol / L to a conical flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer in sequence, and add 7.4g water while stirring. Stir continuously at room temperature for 4h. After the reaction is completed, a pre-prepared solution with a solid content of about 5.6wt.% is obtained.

[0081] (2) Mix 20g of pre-prepared liquid and 92g of ethanol, and then add 5.6g of ethylene glycol butyl ether to prepare an antireflection film gain liquid with a solid content of about 1wt.%.

[0082] Subsequently, the purchased antireflective coating liquid was applied to the solar glass using a roller coating method, and then baked and cured at 160°C. After the glass temperature was lowered to 20-60°C, the antireflective gain coating liquid was applied to the surface of the antireflective coating layer using a roller coating method, and baked and cured at 160°C. Then, the glass was tempered at 680-720°C to obtain the antireflective gain coated glass.

[0083] Example 5

[0084] First, a gain film solution for an antireflective coating on solar glass was prepared, specifically as follows:

[0085] (1) 20.8g tetraethyl orthosilicate, 1.5g methyltriethoxysilane, 52.9g ethanol and 0.2g hydrochloric acid with a molar concentration of 0.2mol / L were added to a conical flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer in sequence, and 14.4g water was added under stirring. The mixture was stirred continuously at room temperature for 4h. After the reaction was completed, a pre-prepared solution with a solid content of about 9.2wt.% was obtained.

[0086] (2) Mix 20g of pre-prepared liquid and 72g of isopropanol, and then add 4.6g of ethylene glycol butyl ether to prepare an antireflection film gain liquid with a solid content of about 2wt.%.

[0087] Subsequently, the purchased antireflective coating liquid was applied to the solar glass using a roller coating method, and then baked and cured at 160°C. After the glass temperature was lowered to 20-60°C, the antireflective gain coating liquid was applied to the surface of the antireflective coating layer using a roller coating method, and baked and cured at 160°C. Then, the glass was tempered at 680-720°C to obtain the antireflective gain coated glass.

[0088] Comparative Example 1

[0089] The purchased antireflective coating liquid was applied to the solar glass by roller coating, then baked and cured at 160°C, and subsequently tempered at 680-720°C to obtain the antireflective coated glass.

[0090] Comparative Example 2

[0091] First, a gain film solution for an antireflective coating on solar glass was prepared, specifically as follows:

[0092] (1) Add 20.8g of tetraethyl orthosilicate, 52.9g of ethanol and 0.2g of hydrochloric acid with a molar concentration of 0.2mol / L to a conical flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer in sequence, and add 3.6g of water while stirring. Continue stirring at room temperature for 4h. After the reaction is completed, a pre-prepared solution with a solid content of about 6.1wt.% is obtained.

[0093] (2) Mix 20g of pre-prepared liquid and 41g of ethanol, and then add 3.1g of diethylene glycol butyl ether to prepare an antireflection film gain liquid with a solid content of about 2wt.%.

[0094] Subsequently, the purchased antireflective coating liquid was applied to the solar glass using a roller coating method, and then baked and cured at 160°C. After the glass temperature was lowered to 20-60°C, the antireflective gain coating liquid was applied to the surface of the antireflective coating layer using a roller coating method, and baked and cured at 160°C. Then, the glass was tempered at 680-720°C to obtain the antireflective gain coated glass.

[0095] Comparative Example 3

[0096] First, a gain film solution for an antireflective coating on solar glass was prepared, specifically as follows:

[0097] (1) Add 20.8g of tetraethyl orthosilicate, 52.9g of isopropanol and 0.2g of hydrochloric acid with a molar concentration of 0.2mol / L to a conical flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer in sequence, and add 18g of water while stirring. Stir continuously at room temperature for 4h. After the reaction is completed, a pre-prepared liquid with a solid content of about 7.6wt.% is obtained.

[0098] (2) Mix 20g of pre-prepared liquid and 56g of isopropanol, and then add 3.1g of ethylene glycol butyl ether to prepare an antireflection film gain liquid with a solid content of about 2wt.%.

[0099] Subsequently, the purchased antireflective coating liquid was applied to the solar glass using a roller coating method, and then baked and cured at 160°C. After the glass temperature was lowered to 20-60°C, the antireflective gain coating liquid was applied to the surface of the antireflective coating layer using a roller coating method, and baked and cured at 160°C. Then, the glass was tempered at 680-720°C to obtain the antireflective gain coated glass.

[0100] Comparative Example 4

[0101] First, a gain film solution for an antireflective coating on solar glass was prepared, specifically as follows:

[0102] (1) Add 20.8g of tetraethyl orthosilicate, 2g of N,N-dimethylformamide, 52.9g of ethanol and 0.2g of hydrochloric acid with a molar concentration of 0.2mol / L to a conical flask equipped with a magnetic stirrer in sequence, and add 11.3g of water while stirring. Stir continuously at room temperature for 4h. After the reaction is completed, a pre-prepared solution with a solid content of about 9.2wt.% is obtained.

[0103] (2) Mix 20g of pre-prepared liquid and 72g of ethanol, and then add 4.6g of ethylene glycol butyl ether to prepare an antireflection film gain liquid with a solid content of about 2wt.%.

[0104] Subsequently, the purchased antireflective coating liquid was applied to the solar glass using a roller coating method, and then baked and cured at 160°C. After the glass temperature was lowered to 20-60°C, the antireflective gain coating liquid was applied to the surface of the antireflective coating layer using a roller coating method, and baked and cured at 160°C. Then, the glass was tempered at 680-720°C to obtain the antireflective gain coated glass.

[0105] Performance testing

[0106] (1) Solid content: Quantitatively weigh solution A into a beaker using a precision electronic balance, and record the weight of the empty beaker G. 杯 and the weight of solution A (G) 液The beaker containing solution A was placed in a 160℃ constant temperature drying oven for 1 hour. After being removed, it was transferred to a desiccator and cooled to room temperature. The total weight G of the beaker and the solid in it was then measured. 杯+固 Calculate the solid content = (G 杯+固 -G 杯 ) / G 液 ;

[0107] (2) Transmittance test: The transmittance (T) of the film layer was measured using the Beijing Aobotai GST-3 air-floating tabletop patterned glass spectral transmittance measuring instrument. The coated glass was placed on the measuring table with the film surface facing up and moved to the measuring point. When the instrument started measuring, the glass was moved to continuously measure 12 transmittance data at different positions. The maximum and minimum values ​​were removed and the average value was taken. The transmittance (ΔT) was obtained by subtracting the transmittance of the substrate glass from the measured transmittance.

[0108] (3) Hardness test: The hardness test of pencils was performed according to GB / T6739-2006;

[0109] (4) 3M tape imprint test: The Scotch 610-1PK tape from 3M was used for the test. The adhesive side of the 3M tape was laid flat and adhered to the surface of the test film. The tape and film were pressed together by pressing with the fingers. Then, the unadheded part and the adhered area were made to form a perpendicular angle, and the tape was torn apart. The imprint was divided into 1 to 5 levels according to the imprint. Level 1 is no imprint, Level 2 is a very slight imprint, Level 3 is a relatively obvious imprint, Level 4 is an obvious reflective imprint, and Level 5 is tape detachment. The higher the level, the worse the dirt resistance.

[0110] (5) PCT high pressure accelerated aging test: Cut the coated glass to be tested into square pieces of 300×300mm, and then place them vertically in the high pressure accelerated aging test chamber with a gap of 2-3cm between the glass pieces. Then, under the test conditions of temperature 121℃, humidity 100% and 2 standard atmospheres, test continuously for 48h. Passing the 48h test means that the service life of the film is about 20 years; passing two 48h tests means that the service life of the film is about 40 years.

[0111] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0112] Table 1

[0113] 3M offset printing hardness PCT high voltage accelerates aging. Transparency (ΔT) Example 1 Level 1 3H Passed a 48-hour test 2.35％ Example 2 Level 1 3H Passed a 48-hour test 2.32％ Example 3 Level 1 3H Passed a 48-hour test 2.30％ Example 4 Level 1 3H Passed a 48-hour test 2.32％ Example 5 Level 1 3H Passed a 48-hour test 2.33％ Comparative Example 1 Level 3 6B Not approved 2.39％ Comparative Example 2 Level 1 2H Not approved 2.34％ Comparative Example 3 Level 1 3H Not approved 2.31％ Comparative Example 4 Level 1 H Not approved 2.36％

[0114] In Comparative Example 2, the amount of water added was below the limit, resulting in a poor silica sol structure, insufficient film density, low hardness, and poor PCT weather resistance.

[0115] In Comparative Example 3, the amount of water added exceeded the limit. Although the hardness met the requirements, the membrane surface was too dense and brittle, making it prone to cracking during the PCT weathering test.

[0116] In Comparative Example 4, the use of N,N-dimethylformamide increased the pH of the silica sol, resulting in a less dense silica sol structure and poorer hardness and PCT weather resistance.

[0117] In order to improve the transmittance of traditional solar glass antireflective coatings, the porosity of the coating is usually increased. After tempering, the coating is prone to forming open-pore structures on the surface, resulting in poor scratch resistance, dirt resistance and weather resistance, and generally short service life, which increases the cost of replacement or maintenance.

[0118] This invention involves coating a gain film layer on the surface and then tempering it. The gain film layer can form a tightly bonded chemical structure with the antireflective film layer. At the same time, the gain film layer can form a dense surface structure, thereby completely covering any openings that may appear in the original film layer. This results in a sandwich structure of a dense layer, an antireflective film, and a glass layer, which tightly encapsulates the antireflective film and significantly improves the hardness, dirt resistance, and weather resistance of the original film layer.

[0119] Furthermore, by controlling the solid content of the gain film liquid, the dense layer can be made to form the optimal thickness for different types of antireflection films, without significantly reducing the original film layer's transmittance, thus not affecting the module's power generation efficiency.

[0120] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gain film liquid for antireflective coating on solar glass, characterized in that, The mixture includes a pre-prepared liquid and a volatilization inhibitor. The raw materials for preparing the pre-prepared liquid are silicate ester, diluent, water, and catalyst, and the mass ratio of silicate ester, diluent, water, and catalyst is 10~25:25~55:5~15:0.1~1.

0. The volatile inhibitors include at least one of ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol butyl ether, diethylene glycol butyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol butyl ether, and diacetone alcohol; The silicate ester includes at least one selected from methyl orthosilicate, ethyl orthosilicate, n-propyl orthosilicate, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, methyltripropoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, ethyltripropoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, dimethyldipropoxysilane, trimethylmethoxysilane, trimethylethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, and phenyltripropoxysilane. The diluent is at least one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and n-butanol; The gain film liquid of the solar glass antireflective film is coated on the surface of the photovoltaic glass antireflective film layer, and after the glass is tempered, it combines with the original film layer.

2. The gain film liquid for the antireflective coating of solar glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, The catalyst includes at least one of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, benzoic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, and malic acid.

3. The gain film liquid for the antireflective coating of solar glass according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The solid content of the gain film liquid for the solar glass antireflective film is 1wt%~3wt%.

4. A method for preparing a gain film liquid for an antireflective coating on solar glass as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, This includes the step of mixing the pre-prepared liquid with the volatile inhibitor.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pre-prepared solution is prepared by stirring the silicate ester, diluent, water and catalyst at room temperature.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The pre-prepared liquid and the diluent are mixed to obtain a mixture, and the volatile inhibitor is added to the mixture.

7. An anti-reflective coating for solar glass, characterized in that, It is formed by curing the gain film liquid of the solar glass antireflective film according to any one of claims 1 to 3.