A micro-fracture network pressure drive injection device for low / ultra-low permeability reservoirs and an automated control method thereof

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of oil production, and discloses a micro-fracture network pressure-driven injection device for low / ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs and an automated control method thereof. The technical solution exemplified by the present invention comprises a power end and a hydraulic end and an electrical control system matched therewith, wherein the power end comprises a motor, an oil pump connection cover is fixedly installed on the motor, a constant power variable pump is fixedly installed on the oil pump connection cover, and the motor is connected to the constant power variable pump. Through the device, continuous pressure can be generated on the formation during pressure-driven injection, and the pressure fluctuation is small, so that a micro-fracture network can be better formed in the formation of low / ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs. When the formation pressure increases, the displacement can be automatically reduced to avoid the occurrence of high permeability channels in the fractured formation. The equipment can implement continuous water injection near the micro-fracture pressure and implement precise profile adjustment after the formation forms a high permeability channel. The equipment has the characteristics of one machine with multiple uses, rapid conversion, no time interval in between, and high equipment operation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil extraction, and in particular relates to a micro-fracture network pressure-driven injection device for low / ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs and an automated control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Low / ultra-low permeability reservoirs have dense lithology, large seepage resistance, poor conductivity, low oil well productivity, poor water absorption of water wells, and oil and water wells on the oil field are usually "unable to inject and unproduce"; the oil production rate is low, the recovery degree is low, and the remaining reserves are large. Our company provides a micro-pressure drive implementation method for the development of low and ultra-low permeability reservoirs, that is, injecting water near the micro-fracture pressure of the formation, which can promote the formation and development of the fracture network system, increase the swept volume of water, and improve the recovery rate of crude oil. In the process of water injection, it is inevitable that high permeability channels will appear inside the formation. The formation of high permeability channels will cause a large amount of invalid water circulation between oil and water wells. For the high permeability channels formed during the water injection process, it is necessary to carry out intelligent and precise profile adjustment of oil and water wells. At present, conventional equipment on the market can only perform fracturing transformation on the formation of low / ultra-low permeability reservoirs to form artificial fractures, and this equipment cannot control the fracturing pressure, and it is very easy to form high permeability channels. Moreover, after the formation of high permeability channels, it is impossible to further implement precise profile adjustment, and it is necessary to replace special profile adjustment equipment to complete the operation. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a micro-fracture network pressure-driven injection equipment for low / ultra-low permeability reservoirs, which can complete the fracturing operation of the micro-fracture network and implement precise profile adjustment at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a micro-fracture network pressure drive injection equipment for low / ultra-low permeability reservoirs and an automated control method thereof to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the micro-fracture network pressure drive injection equipment for low / ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs of the present invention to solve the technical problems is as follows:

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention provides a micro-fracture network pressure-driven injection device for low / ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs, comprising a power end and a hydraulic end, wherein the power end comprises a motor, an oil pump connection cover is fixedly installed on the motor, a constant power variable pump is fixedly installed on the oil pump connection cover, the motor is connected to the constant power variable pump, the inlet end of the constant power variable pump is sequentially connected to a clamp-type rubber soft connection, an oil filter, a butterfly valve and an oil tank, a temperature sensor, a liquid level sensor and an independent heat dissipation system are arranged on the oil tank, the constant power variable pump is provided with two oil outlets, each oil outlet is respectively connected to a set of integrated valve blocks, and the high-pressure oil outlet of the integrated valve block is connected to the eccentric oil pipe through a high-pressure rubber hose;

[0006] The hydraulic end includes a frame-type body, on which a hydraulic oscillator is provided, which is connected to an eccentric oil pipe, an integrated valve box is installed at both ends of the frame-type body, the integrated valve box is provided with two sets of upper and lower one-way valves, a cylinder sleeve is installed on the side of the valve box, and the cylinder sleeve is fixed to the frame-type body through the integrated valve box; the hydraulic oscillator is installed in the middle of the frame-type body and connected to the piston through a mud rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the motor and the constant power variable displacement pump are connected via a plum blossom coupling.

[0008] Furthermore, the oil tank is provided with a visible oil window.

[0009] Furthermore, a liquid level sensor is provided on the oil tank.

[0010] Furthermore, an air filter is provided on the fuel tank.

[0011] Furthermore, the oil tank is provided with an oil return filter.

[0012] Furthermore, the independent cooling system includes an air-cooled radiator and an independent circulating oil pump, the oil inlet of the independent circulating oil pump is connected to the oil tank, the oil outlet of the independent circulating oil pump is connected to the oil inlet of the air-cooled radiator through a high-pressure hose, and the oil outlet of the air-cooled radiator is connected to the oil tank through another hose.

[0013] Furthermore, the integrated valve block includes a one-way valve group, a relief valve group, an electromagnetic unloading valve, and a pressure testing instrument.

[0014] Furthermore, the hydraulic oscillator includes a hydraulic cylinder assembly, a main valve connecting plate, and a reversing valve. The hydraulic cylinder assembly includes a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic piston rod is installed in the hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder end covers are installed at both ends of the hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder small end cover is installed outside the hydraulic cylinder end cover, seals are installed on the hydraulic cylinder end cover and the hydraulic cylinder small end cover respectively, and the eccentric oil pipe is connected to the main valve connecting plate through a high-pressure rubber hose.

[0015] Furthermore, the reversing valve includes 1# check valve, 2# check valve, 3# check valve and 4# check valve. The reversing valve is controlled by an electrical control system. The electrical control system includes KA1 relay, KA2 relay, KA11 relay, KA12 relay, KT1 time relay, KT2 time relay and a pilot solenoid reversing valve. The pilot solenoid reversing valve is provided with a YA1 electromagnet and a YA2 electromagnet.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an automated control method for controlling a micro-fracture network pressure drive injection device in a low / ultra-low permeability reservoir, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1: Obtain the reservoir basic model based on the basic formation data, and pre-load various basic models into the automatic control software;

[0018] S2: Based on the sensors set in the operating oil reservoir formation, the system obtains the dynamic parameters of the operating oil reservoir formation, collects and analyzes the data collected by the sensors, and compares the collected data with the reservoir basic model, so as to obtain the formation micro-fracture pressure value corresponding to the pressure drive operation and the corresponding stable pressure range;

[0019] S3: Automatically adjust the operating parameters of the injection equipment according to the acquired data and make adjustments in real time to implement the steady-pressure water injection operation. Real-time monitoring ensures the real-time linkage between the injection parameters and the formation data, and real-time adjustment of the steady-pressure water injection operation parameters;

[0020] S4: According to the data obtained by the sensor and the basic formation model, the cooling and crack induction operation is automatically judged and implemented, the target chemical agent and the injection amount and injection speed are automatically obtained, and the cooling and crack induction operation is completed;

[0021] S5: Based on the data obtained by the sensor and the basic formation model, it automatically determines whether there is a dominant channel in the formation, analyzes the existing dominant channels, and automatically matches the corresponding chemical agents, injection volume and injection speed to complete the precise profile adjustment operation;

[0022] S6: After the cooling and crack induction or precise profile adjustment operation is completed, the pressure-stabilizing water injection operation parameters are adjusted according to the collected formation data, and a new round of pressure-stabilizing water injection operation is implemented.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The present invention exemplifies a micro-fracture network pressure-driven injection device for low / ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs. When in use, the motor uses a constant power variable pump to pressurize the hydraulic oil in the oil tank through an integrated valve block and then enters the hydraulic oscillator. The hydraulic oscillator drives the piston to do reciprocating motion. The piston reciprocates to pressurize the working fluid and then injects it into the wellhead. The device is equipped with a constant power variable pump. When the pressure rises during the injection process, the displacement can be automatically reduced to avoid the occurrence of high permeability channels in the fracturing formation. At the same time, the impact on the power grid caused by the pressure increase and the increase in the injection pump motor load can also be avoided. The piston is driven to work by the hydraulic oscillator, the stroke is long, the number of strokes is low, the piston cross-sectional area is large, the amount of liquid sucked and discharged per stroke is large, the operation is stable, and continuous pressure can be generated on the formation during injection. The pressure fluctuation is small, and the micro-fracture network can be better formed. The equipment can implement continuous water injection near the micro-fracture pressure and implement precise profile adjustment after the formation of high permeability channels, realizing one machine for multiple uses, rapid conversion, no time interval in between, and high equipment operation efficiency.

[0025] 2. The present invention illustrates a micro-fracture network pressure-driven injection device for low / ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs. The plum blossom coupling has the characteristics of simple structure, no need for lubrication, convenient repair, easy inspection, maintenance-free, and continuous long-term operation, which can facilitate the motor to transmit power to the constant power variable pump.

[0026] 3. The micro-fracture network pressure drive injection equipment used in low / ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs exemplified in the present invention can visually observe the liquid level in the oil tank through a visual oil window.

[0027] 4. The present invention exemplifies a micro-fracture network pressure-driven injection device for low / ultra-low permeability reservoirs. The liquid level sensor can transmit the liquid level value in the hydraulic oil tank to the host computer in real time. The host computer can set the first-level liquid level value and the second-level liquid level value according to the tank liquid level height value. When the liquid level in the tank drops to the first-level liquid level value, the alarm is triggered to send an alarm signal; when the liquid level in the hydraulic oil tank drops to the second-level liquid level value, the equipment shutdown signal is triggered, and the equipment is shut down urgently. The air filter can filter out dust and sand in the air to ensure that sufficient clean air enters the tank and maintain the pressure balance inside and outside the tank.

[0028] 5. The micro-fracture network pressure-driven injection equipment for low / ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs in the present invention can intercept various impurities such as abrasive particles generated by various hydraulic components during operation through an oil return filter, thereby preventing the impurities from returning to the oil tank, maintaining the cleanliness of the hydraulic system, and ensuring the normal operation of various hydraulic components.

[0029] 6. A micro-fracture network pressure-driven injection equipment for low / ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs exemplified in the present invention can form a closed-loop circulation heat dissipation system with the oil tank through an air-cooled radiator and an independent circulation oil pump. The hydraulic oil temperature of the oil tank is measured by a temperature sensor, and the heat dissipation system is automatically started at high temperature and automatically stopped at low temperature through a temperature control instrument, thereby maintaining the hydraulic system in a set ideal temperature range at all times and ensuring the service life of each hydraulic component and seal.

[0030] 7. The present invention exemplifies a micro-fracture network pressure-driven injection device for low / ultra-low permeability reservoirs. The one-way valve group is mainly used to prevent the system hydraulic oil from flowing back and reduce the impact on the constant power variable pump; the overflow valve group mainly plays a role in system pressurization, and the overflow valve is used to adjust the hydraulic oil pressure output by the constant power variable pump. The electromagnetic unloading valve can release the system pressure in time when the equipment needs emergency shutdown or unloading. The integrated valve block is directly installed at the oil pump outlet, eliminating the pipeline connection between the oil pump and the valve block, saving equipment installation space, and reducing equipment leakage points; the pressure test instrument is used to test the hydraulic system pressure value output by the constant power variable pump. When in use, when the electromagnetic unloading valve 153 is not energized, the back side of the second one-way valve group 155 is not under pressure, and the constant power variable pump The oil supply returns to the oil tank through the second one-way valve group 155 to realize system unloading; when the electromagnetic unloading valve 153 is energized, the back side of the second one-way valve group 155 is pressurized. At this time, the pressure value is given by the overflow valve group 152. When the given pressure of the overflow valve group 152 is less than the given pressure value on the back side of the first one-way valve group 151 (the pressure value on the back side of the first one-way valve group 151 is equal to the pressure value of the hydraulic oscillator), the second one-way valve group 155 opens, and the system hydraulic oil returns to the oil tank from the second one-way valve group 155; when the given pressure of the overflow valve group 152 is greater than the given pressure value on the back side of the first one-way valve group 151, the second one-way valve group 155 cannot be opened, the first one-way valve group 151 opens, and the system hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic oscillator from the one-way valve 151, driving the hydraulic oscillator to work.

[0031] 8. In an example of a micro-fracture network pressure-driven injection equipment for low / ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs, the seal on the hydraulic cylinder end cover is the main seal, which plays the main pressure-bearing and sealing role, and the seal on the small end cover of the hydraulic cylinder is the secondary seal. When the main seal leaks, the secondary seal can perform a secondary seal on the leaked hydraulic oil without causing leakage of the hydraulic oil. The replacement of the secondary seal can be completed without dismantling the hydraulic cylinder, and the replacement is relatively time-saving and labor-saving. By replacing the secondary seal, the service life of the hydraulic cylinder end cover seal is extended, the frequency of replacing the hydraulic cylinder end cover main seal is reduced, and the overall operating efficiency of the equipment is improved.

[0032] 9. A micro-fracture network pressure drive injection device for low / ultra-low permeability reservoirs according to an example of the present invention, when in use, the system is powered on, the KA2 relay coil is powered, the KT2 time relay coil is powered, and the timing starts after the KT2 time relay is powered. The pilot electromagnetic reversing valve during the delay process is in the middle position. At this time, the pilot control oil at the P port acts on the back of the 1# check valve, the 2# check valve, the 3# check valve and the 4# check valve at the same time, closing all the 4 groups of check valves. After the timing reaches the set value, the KT2 time relay contact is activated, the KA12 relay coil is powered, and the KA12 relay The contact of the device is actuated (closed), the YA2 solenoid is actuated, and the pilot solenoid reversing valve moves to the YA2 solenoid side; the high-pressure pilot hydraulic oil acts on the back of the 1# check valve and the 3# check valve through the P port of the solenoid reversing valve, forming a back pressure, forcing the main line P port hydraulic oil to be unable to open the 3# check valve. At this time, the P port hydraulic oil enters the left chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 2221 through the 2# check valve, and the hydraulic piston rod 2212 moves toward the YA2 solenoid side; due to the pressure on the back of the 1# check valve and the 3# check valve, the hydraulic oil in the right chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 2221 returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the 4# check valve; The hydraulic piston rod 2212 moves to the end point on the YA2 electromagnet side, triggering the proximity switch KA1 relay, the KA1 relay operates, the KA2 relay coil loses power, the KA1 relay coil is energized, the KT1 time relay is energized, and the timing starts after the KT1 time relay is energized. The delay process pilot electromagnetic reversing valve is in the middle position. At this time, the P port pilot control oil acts on the back of the 1# check valve, 2# check valve, 3# check valve, and 4# check valve at the same time, closing all 4 groups of check valves. After the timing reaches the set value, the KT1 time relay contact operates, the KA11 relay coil is energized, the KA11 relay contact operates (closed), and the YA1 electromagnet operates, so that The pilot solenoid reversing valve moves to the YA1 solenoid side; the high-pressure pilot hydraulic oil acts on the back of the 2# check valve and the 4# check valve through the P port of the solenoid reversing valve, forming back pressure, forcing the main line P port hydraulic oil to be unable to open the 2# check valve. At this time, the P port hydraulic oil enters the right chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 2221 through the 3# check valve, and the hydraulic piston rod 2212 moves to the left; due to the pressure on the back of the 2# check valve and the 4# check valve, the hydraulic oil in the left chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 2221 returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the 1# check valve; when the hydraulic piston rod 2212 moves to the end point on the YA1 side, the YA1 side proximity switch KA2 relay is triggered, the KA1 relay coil loses power, and the KA2 relay coil is energized.This cycle completes the continuous reciprocating motion of the hydraulic oscillator; the front ends of the four check valves, 1# check valve, 2# check valve, 3# check valve and 4# check valve, are all equipped with damping, and the damping size can be changed according to the pressure and flow; the damping setting can increase the switching time of the check valve to avoid the fast switching speed of the check valve, which will cause vibration impact on the hydraulic pipeline; at the same time, because the switching time is extended, the four check valves will be connected during the reversing process, and once the four check valves are connected, the high and low pressure chambers of the hydraulic system will be connected, causing a sudden change in the internal pressure of the system, thereby generating greater vibration noise, and in order to avoid the above problems, a time relay is set in the electrical control system for delay, and the delay time is determined according to the system flow, pressure and damping. Small adjustments are made; during the delay time, the two groups of one-way valves that were originally closed do not move due to the back pressure, and the two groups of one-way valves that were originally opened are gradually closed due to the back pressure, completely isolating the high and low pressures of the system to avoid the phenomenon of high and low pressure chambers being connected; an energy storage device is arranged in the hydraulic system. The energy storage device is a mature prior art, so this application will not go into details. The volume and pressure of the energy storage device are determined according to the pressure, displacement and switching delay time of the hydraulic system. The hydraulic oil discharged by the constant power oil pump during the switching delay process is absorbed by the energy storage device, thereby avoiding the sudden increase and decrease of pressure during the switching process. At the same time, the stored hydraulic oil can be released after the switching is completed, which replenishes the system energy, improves the energy utilization rate of the hydraulic switching, and improves the overall operation efficiency of the equipment.

[0033] 10. The present invention exemplifies an automated control method for controlling micro-fracture network pressure-driven injection equipment in low / ultra-low permeability reservoirs. Through automated control software, autonomous switching of various operating links of the injection equipment, such as pressure-stabilizing water injection, temperature-lowering fracture induction, and precise profile adjustment, is achieved. Target chemical agents are automatically matched and injection parameters are adjusted in real time, thus realizing the multi-purpose and rapid conversion functions of the equipment and seamless connection of various operating links. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is a top view of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA section view;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a hydraulic principle diagram of the reversing valve of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5This is the hydraulic principle diagram of the integrated valve block of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a delayed electromagnetic commutation circuit diagram of the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: 1. Motor; 2. Plum blossom coupling; 3. Oil pump connection cover; 4. Constant power variable pump; 5. Clamp-type rubber flexible connection; 6. Oil filter; 7. Butterfly valve; 8. Oil tank; 9. Temperature sensor; 10. Liquid level sensor; 11. Visible oil window; 12. Air filter; 13. Return oil filter; 14. Independent cooling system; 141. Air-cooled radiator; 142. Independent circulating oil pump; 15. Integrated valve block; 151. Check valve group; 152 , overflow valve group; 153, electromagnetic unloading valve; 154, pressure test instrument; 16, eccentric oil pipe; 21, frame body; 22, hydraulic oscillator; 221, hydraulic cylinder assembly; 2211, hydraulic cylinder; 2212, piston rod; 2213, hydraulic cylinder end cover; 2214, hydraulic cylinder small end cover; 222, main valve connecting plate; 223, reversing valve; 23, integrated valve box; 24, one-way valve; 25, cylinder sleeve; 26, mud rod; 27, piston. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant invention, rather than to limit the invention. It is also necessary to explain that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0043] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0044] like Figure 1As shown, a micro-fracture network pressure drive injection equipment for low / ultra-low permeability reservoirs includes a power end and a hydraulic end, the power end includes a motor 1, an oil pump connection cover 3 is fixedly installed on the motor 1, a constant power variable pump 4 is fixedly installed on the oil pump connection cover 3, the motor 1 is connected to the constant power variable pump 4, the inlet end of the constant power variable pump 4 is sequentially connected to a clamp-type rubber soft connection 5, an oil filter 6, a butterfly valve 7 and an oil tank 8, specifically, in this embodiment, the oil tank 8 contains 46# anti-wear hydraulic oil, the oil tank 8 is provided with a temperature sensor 9, a liquid level sensor 10 and an independent heat dissipation system 14, and the constant power variable pump 4 is provided with two oil outlets A set of integrated valve blocks 15 are connected to each oil outlet, and the high-pressure oil outlet of the integrated valve block 15 is connected to the eccentric oil pipe 16 through a high-pressure rubber hose; the hydraulic end includes a frame body 21, and a hydraulic oscillator 22 is provided on the frame body 21, and the hydraulic oscillator 22 is connected to the eccentric oil pipe 16. An integrated valve box 23 is installed at both ends of the frame body 21, and the integrated valve box 23 is provided with two sets of upper and lower one-way valves 24. A cylinder sleeve 25 is installed on the side of the valve box, and the cylinder sleeve 25 is fixed to the frame body 21 through the integrated valve box 23; the hydraulic oscillator 22 is installed in the middle of the frame body 21 and connected to the piston 27 through a mud rod 26. When in use, the motor 1 pressurizes the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 8 through the integrated valve block 15 through the constant power variable pump 4 and then enters the hydraulic oscillator 22. The hydraulic oscillator 22 drives the piston 27 to reciprocate through the mud rod 26. The piston 27 reciprocates to pressurize the working fluid and inject it into the wellhead. The device is equipped with a constant power variable pump 4. When the pressure rises during the injection process, the displacement can be automatically reduced to avoid the occurrence of high permeability channels in the fracturing formation. At the same time, it can also avoid the impact on the power grid due to the increase in pressure and the increase in the load of the injection pump motor. The piston is driven to work by the hydraulic oscillator 22. The stroke is long, the number of strokes is low, the piston cross-sectional area is large, the amount of liquid sucked and discharged per stroke is large, the operation is stable, and continuous pressure can be generated on the formation during injection. The pressure fluctuation is small, and a micro-crack network can be better formed. The equipment can not only implement continuous water injection near the micro-fracture pressure, but also implement precise profile adjustment after the formation of high permeability channels, so as to achieve one machine for multiple uses, rapid conversion, no time interval in the middle, and high equipment operation efficiency.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, further preferably, the motor 1 is connected to the constant power variable pump 4 via a plum blossom coupling 2. The plum blossom coupling 2 has the characteristics of simple structure, no need for lubrication, convenient maintenance, easy inspection, maintenance-free, and continuous long-term operation, and can facilitate the motor 1 to transmit power to the constant power variable pump 4.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, further preferably, a visual oil window 11 is provided on the oil tank 8. Through the visual oil window 11, the liquid level in the oil tank 8 can be visually observed.

[0047] like Figure 1As shown, further preferably, the oil tank 8 is provided with a liquid level sensor 10 and an air filter 12. The liquid level sensor 10 can transmit the liquid level value in the hydraulic oil tank to the upper computer in real time, and the upper computer can set the first-level liquid level value and the second-level liquid level value according to the oil tank liquid level height value. When the liquid level in the oil tank drops to the first-level liquid level value, the alarm is triggered to send an alarm signal; when the liquid level in the hydraulic oil tank drops to the second-level liquid level value, the equipment shutdown signal is triggered, and the equipment is shut down urgently, which can realize fault alarm and dangerous shutdown, and the equipment is unattended on site. The air filter 12 can filter out dust and sand in the air, ensure that sufficient clean air enters the oil tank 8, and maintain the pressure balance inside and outside the oil tank.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, further preferably, the oil tank 8 is provided with a return oil filter 13. Through the return oil filter 13, various impurities such as abrasive particles generated by various hydraulic components during operation can be intercepted, and the impurities can be prevented from returning to the oil tank 8 again, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the hydraulic system and ensuring the normal operation of various hydraulic components.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, further preferably, the independent heat dissipation system 14 includes an air-cooled radiator 141 and an independent circulating oil pump 142, the oil inlet of the independent circulating oil pump 142 is connected to the oil tank 8, the oil outlet of the independent circulating oil pump 142 is connected to the oil inlet of the air-cooled radiator 141 through a high-pressure hose, and the oil outlet of the air-cooled radiator 141 is connected to the oil tank 8 through another hose. Through the air-cooled radiator 141 and the independent circulating oil pump 142, a closed-loop circulation heat dissipation system can be formed with the oil tank 8, the hydraulic oil temperature of the oil tank 8 is measured by the temperature sensor 9, and the heat dissipation system is automatically started at high temperature and automatically stopped at low temperature through the temperature control instrument, so as to maintain the hydraulic system always in the set ideal temperature range and ensure the service life of each hydraulic component and seal.

[0050] like Figure 1As shown, further preferably, the integrated valve block 15 includes a first one-way valve group 151, an overflow valve group 152, an electromagnetic unloading valve 153, a pressure test instrument 154, and a second one-way valve group 155. The first one-way valve group 151 is mainly used to prevent the system hydraulic oil from flowing back and reduce the impact on the constant power variable pump 4; the overflow valve group 152 mainly plays a role in system pressurization, and adjusts the hydraulic oil pressure output by the constant power variable pump 4 through the overflow valve; the electromagnetic unloading valve 153 can release the system pressure in time when the equipment needs emergency shutdown or unloading. The integrated valve block is directly installed at the oil pump outlet, eliminating the pipeline connection between the oil pump and the valve block, saving equipment installation space, and reducing equipment leakage points; the pressure test instrument is used to test the hydraulic system pressure value output by the constant power variable pump. When in use, when the electromagnetic unloading valve 153 is not energized, the back side of the second one-way valve group 155 is not pressurized, and the constant power variable pump supplies oil through the second one-way valve Group 155 returns to the oil tank to realize system unloading; when the electromagnetic unloading valve 153 is energized, the back side of the second one-way valve group 155 is pressurized. At this time, the pressure value is given by the overflow valve group 152. When the given pressure of the overflow valve group 152 is less than the given pressure value on the back side of the first one-way valve group 151 (the pressure value on the back side of the first one-way valve group 151 is equal to the pressure value of the hydraulic oscillator), the second one-way valve group 155 opens, and the system hydraulic oil returns to the oil tank from the second one-way valve group 155; when the given pressure of the overflow valve group 152 is greater than the given pressure value on the back side of the first one-way valve group 151, the second one-way valve group 155 cannot be opened, the first one-way valve group 151 opens, and the system hydraulic oil enters the hydraulic oscillator from the one-way valve 151, driving the hydraulic oscillator to work.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, further preferably, the hydraulic oscillator 22 includes a hydraulic cylinder assembly 221, a main valve connecting plate 222, and a reversing valve 223. The hydraulic cylinder assembly 221 includes a hydraulic cylinder 2211, a hydraulic piston rod 2212 is installed in the hydraulic cylinder 2221, hydraulic cylinder end covers 2213 are installed at both ends of the hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder small end cover 2214 is installed outside the hydraulic cylinder end cover 2213, seals are installed on the hydraulic cylinder end cover 2213 and the hydraulic cylinder small end cover 2214, and the eccentric oil pipe 16 is connected to the main valve connecting plate 222 through a high-pressure hose. The seal on the hydraulic cylinder end cover 2213 is the main seal, which plays the main pressure-bearing and sealing role. The seal on the small end cover 2214 of the hydraulic cylinder is the secondary seal. When the main seal leaks, the secondary seal can perform a secondary seal on the leaked hydraulic oil without causing leakage of the hydraulic oil. The replacement of the secondary seal can be completed without dismantling the hydraulic cylinder, and the replacement is time-saving and labor-saving. By replacing the secondary seal, the service life of the hydraulic cylinder end cover seal can be extended, the frequency of replacing the main seal of the hydraulic cylinder end cover can be reduced, and the overall operating efficiency of the equipment can be improved.

[0052] like Figure 1As shown, further preferably, the reversing valve 223 includes 1# one-way valve, 2# one-way valve, 3# one-way valve, and 4# one-way valve. The reversing valve 223 is controlled by an electrical control system. The electrical control system includes KA1 relay, KA2 relay, KA11 relay, KA12 relay, KT1 time relay, KT2 time relay, and pilot electromagnetic reversing valve. The pilot electromagnetic reversing valve is provided with YA1 electromagnet and YA2 electromagnet. When in use, the system is powered on, the KA2 relay coil is powered, the KT2 time relay coil is powered, and the timing starts after the KT2 time relay is powered. During the delay process, the pilot electromagnetic reversing valve is in the middle position. At this time, the P port pilot control oil acts on the back of the 1# one-way valve, the 2# one-way valve, the 3# one-way valve, and the 4# one-way valve at the same time, closing all the 4 groups of one-way valves. After the timing reaches the set value, the KT2 time relay contact is activated, the KA12 relay coil is powered, the KA12 relay contact is activated (closed), and the YA2 electromagnet The pilot electromagnetic reversing valve moves to the YA2 electromagnet side; the high-pressure pilot hydraulic oil acts on the back of the 1# check valve and the 3# check valve through the P port of the electromagnetic reversing valve, forming a back pressure, forcing the main line P port hydraulic oil to be unable to open the 3# check valve. At this time, the P port hydraulic oil enters the left chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 2221 through the 2# check valve, and the hydraulic piston rod 2212 moves toward the YA2 electromagnet side; due to the pressure on the back of the 1# check valve and the 3# check valve, the hydraulic oil in the right chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 2221 returns to the hydraulic oil tank through the 4# check valve; The hydraulic piston rod 2212 moves to the end point on the YA2 electromagnet side, triggering the proximity switch KA1 relay, the KA1 relay operates, the KA2 relay coil loses power, the KA1 relay coil is energized, the KT1 time relay is energized, and the timing starts after the KT1 time relay is energized. During the delay process, the pilot electromagnetic reversing valve is in the middle position. At this time, the P port pilot control oil acts on the back of the 1# check valve, 2# check valve, 3# check valve, and 4# check valve at the same time, closing all 4 groups of check valves. After the timing reaches the set value, the KT1 time relay contact operates, the KA11 relay coil is energized, the KA11 relay contact operates (closed), and the YA1 electromagnet operates, causing the pilot electromagnetic reversing valve to move to YA1 solenoid side; high-pressure pilot hydraulic oil acts on the back side of 2# check valve and 4# check valve through P port of electromagnetic reversing valve, forming back pressure, forcing the main line P port hydraulic oil to be unable to open 2# check valve. At this time, P port hydraulic oil enters the right chamber of hydraulic cylinder 2221 through 3# check valve, and hydraulic piston rod 2212 moves to the left; due to the pressure on the back side of 2# check valve and 4# check valve, the hydraulic oil in the left chamber of hydraulic cylinder 2221 returns to the hydraulic oil tank through 1# check valve; when hydraulic piston rod 2212 moves to the end point on YA1 side, it triggers the proximity switch KA2 relay on YA1 side, the KA1 relay coil loses power, and the KA2 relay coil is energized, and this cycle completes the continuous reciprocating motion of the hydraulic oscillator;The front ends of the four check valves, 1# check valve, 2# check valve, 3# check valve and 4# check valve, are all equipped with damping, and the damping size can be changed according to the pressure and flow rate; the damping setting can increase the switching time of the check valve to avoid the fast switching speed of the check valve, which will cause vibration impact on the hydraulic pipeline; at the same time, because the switching time is prolonged, the four check valves will be connected during the switching process, and once the four check valves are connected, the high and low pressure chambers of the hydraulic system will be connected, causing a sudden change in the internal pressure of the system, thereby generating greater vibration noise. Therefore, in order to avoid the above problems, a time relay is set in the electrical control system for delay, and the delay time is adjusted according to the system flow, pressure and damping size; during the delay, the time relay is set to delay the time relay, and the delay time is adjusted according to the system flow, pressure and damping size. During this time, the two groups of one-way valves that were originally closed do not move due to back pressure, and the two groups of one-way valves that were originally opened are gradually closed due to back pressure, completely isolating the high and low pressures of the system to avoid the phenomenon of high and low pressure chambers being connected; an energy storage device is set in the hydraulic system. The energy storage device is a mature existing technology, so this application will not repeat it. The volume and pressure of the energy storage device are determined according to the pressure, displacement and reversing delay time of the hydraulic system. The energy storage device absorbs the hydraulic oil discharged by the constant power oil pump during the reversing delay process, avoiding the sudden increase and drop of pressure during the reversing process. At the same time, the stored hydraulic oil can be released after the reversing is completed, replenishing the system energy, improving the energy utilization rate of the hydraulic reversing, and improving the overall operation efficiency of the equipment. ;

[0053] The present embodiment provides an automated control method for controlling a micro-fracture network pressure drive injection device in a low / ultra-low permeability reservoir, comprising the following steps:

[0054] S1: Obtain the reservoir basic model based on the basic formation data, and pre-load various basic models into the automatic control software;

[0055] S2: Based on the sensors set in the operating oil reservoir formation, the system obtains the dynamic parameters of the operating oil reservoir formation, collects and analyzes the data collected by the sensors, and compares the collected data with the reservoir basic model, so as to obtain the formation micro-fracture pressure value corresponding to the pressure drive operation and the corresponding stable pressure range. Specifically, the sensors are PT100-3 pressure sensor and DS18B20 temperature sensor;

[0056] S3: Automatically adjust the operating parameters of the injection equipment according to the acquired data and make adjustments in real time to implement the steady-pressure water injection operation. Real-time monitoring ensures the real-time linkage between the injection parameters and the formation data, and real-time adjustment of the steady-pressure water injection operation parameters;

[0057] S4: According to the data obtained by the sensor and the basic formation model, the cooling and crack induction operation is automatically judged and implemented, the target chemical agent and the injection amount and injection speed are automatically obtained, and the cooling and crack induction operation is completed;

[0058] S5: Based on the data obtained by the sensor and the basic formation model, it automatically determines whether there is a dominant channel in the formation, analyzes the existing dominant channels, and automatically matches the corresponding chemical agents, injection volume and injection speed to complete the precise profile adjustment operation;

[0059] S6: After the cooling and crack induction or precise profile adjustment operation is completed, the pressure-stabilizing water injection operation parameters are adjusted according to the collected formation data, and a new round of pressure-stabilizing water injection operation is implemented.

[0060] The automated control method described in this embodiment realizes the autonomous switching of various operation links of the injection equipment, such as pressure stabilizing water injection, temperature reduction and seam induction, and precise profile adjustment, through automated control software, so as to realize the multi-purpose use of the equipment, automatically match the target chemical agents and adjust the injection parameters in real time, quickly switch functions, and seamlessly connect various operation links.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the present application is not limited to the technical solution formed by a specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features are replaced with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the present application.

[0062] Except for the technical features described in the specification, the remaining technical features are known technologies to those skilled in the art. In order to highlight the innovative features of the present invention, the remaining technical features will not be described here in detail.

Claims

1. An automated control method for controlling a micro-fracture network pressure drive injection device in a low / ultra-low permeability reservoir, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Obtain the reservoir basic model based on the basic formation data, and pre-load various basic models into the automatic control software; S2: Based on the sensors set in the operating oil reservoir formation, the system obtains the dynamic parameters of the operating oil reservoir formation, collects and analyzes the data collected by the sensors, and compares the collected data with the reservoir basic model, so as to obtain the formation micro-fracture pressure value corresponding to the pressure drive operation and the corresponding stable pressure range; S3: Automatically adjust the operating parameters of the injection equipment according to the acquired data and make real-time adjustments, implement the steady-pressure water injection operation, monitor in real time to achieve real-time linkage between the injection parameters and the formation data, and adjust the steady-pressure water injection operation parameters in real time; S4: According to the data obtained by the sensor and the underlying basic model, the cooling and seam induction operation is automatically judged and implemented, the target chemical agent and the injection amount and injection speed are automatically obtained, and the cooling and seam induction operation is completed; S5: Based on the data obtained by the sensor and the basic formation model, it automatically determines whether there is a dominant channel in the formation, analyzes the existing dominant channels, and automatically matches the corresponding chemical agents, injection volume and injection speed to complete the precise profile adjustment operation; S6: After the cooling and crack induction or precise profile adjustment operation is completed, the pressure-stabilizing water injection operation parameters are adjusted according to the collected formation data, and a new round of pressure-stabilizing water injection operation is implemented; The power end comprises a motor (1), an oil pump connection cover (3) is fixedly mounted on the motor (1), a constant power variable pump (4) is fixedly mounted on the oil pump connection cover (3), the motor (1) is connected to the constant power variable pump (4), the inlet end of the constant power variable pump (4) is sequentially connected to a clamp-type rubber flexible connection (5), an oil filter (6), a butterfly valve (7) and an oil tank (8), the oil tank (8) is provided with a temperature sensor (9), a liquid level sensor (10) and an independent heat dissipation system (14), the constant power variable pump (4) is provided with two oil outlets, each of which is respectively connected to a set of integrated valve blocks (15), and the high-pressure oil outlet of the integrated valve block (15) is connected to an eccentric oil pipe (16) via a high-pressure rubber hose; The hydraulic end comprises a frame-type machine body (21), a hydraulic oscillator (22) is provided on the frame-type machine body (21), the hydraulic oscillator (22) is connected to an eccentric oil pipe (16), an integrated valve box (23) is installed at both ends of the frame-type machine body (21), the integrated valve box (23) is provided with two sets of upper and lower check valves (24), a cylinder sleeve (25) is installed on the side of the valve box, and the cylinder sleeve (25) is fixed to the frame-type machine body (21) through the integrated valve box (23); the hydraulic oscillator (22) is installed in the middle of the frame-type machine body (21), and is connected to a piston (27) through a mud rod (26); the hydraulic oscillator comprises a hydraulic cylinder assembly (221), a main valve connecting plate (222), and a reversing valve (223); the hydraulic cylinder assembly (221) comprises a hydraulic cylinder (2211), and a hydraulic cylinder (2221) is installed in the hydraulic cylinder (2221) A hydraulic cylinder end cover (2213) is installed at both ends of the piston rod (2212) and the hydraulic cylinder. A hydraulic cylinder small end cover (2214) is installed outside the hydraulic cylinder end cover (2213). Seals are installed on the hydraulic cylinder end cover (2213) and the hydraulic cylinder small end cover (2214) respectively. The eccentric oil pipe (16) is connected to the main valve connecting plate (222) through a high-pressure rubber hose. The reversing valve (223) includes a 1# check valve, a 2# check valve, a 3# check valve, and a 4# check valve. The reversing valve (223) is controlled by an electrical control system. The electrical control system includes a KA1 relay, a KA2 relay, a KA11 relay, a KA12 relay, a KT1 time relay, a KT2 time relay, and a pilot electromagnetic reversing valve. The pilot electromagnetic reversing valve is provided with a YA1 electromagnet and a YA2 electromagnet.

2. The method for controlling the micro-fracture network pressure drive injection equipment of low / ultra-low permeability reservoirs according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The motor (1) and the constant power variable pump (4) are connected via a plum blossom coupling (2).

3. The method for controlling the micro-fracture network pressure drive injection equipment in low / ultra-low permeability reservoirs according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The oil tank (8) is provided with a visible oil window (11).

4. The method for controlling the micro-fracture network pressure drive injection equipment in low / ultra-low permeability reservoirs according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The oil tank (8) is provided with a liquid level sensor (10) and an air filter (12).

5. The method for controlling the micro-fracture network pressure drive injection equipment in low / ultra-low permeability reservoirs according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The oil tank (8) is provided with an oil return filter (13).

6. The method for controlling the micro-fracture network pressure drive injection equipment in low / ultra-low permeability reservoirs according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The independent cooling system (14) comprises an air-cooled radiator (141) and an independent circulating oil pump (142); the oil inlet of the independent circulating oil pump (142) is connected to the oil tank (8); the oil outlet of the independent circulating oil pump (142) is connected to the oil inlet of the air-cooled radiator (141) via a high-pressure rubber hose; and the oil outlet of the air-cooled radiator (141) is connected to the oil tank (8) via another rubber hose.

7. The method for controlling the micro-fracture network pressure drive injection equipment in low / ultra-low permeability reservoirs according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The integrated valve block (15) comprises a first one-way valve group (151), a second one-way valve group (155), a relief valve group (152), an electromagnetic unloading valve (153), and a pressure test instrument (154).

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