Photovoltaic adhesive film composite and method of making and using same

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of photovoltaic adhesive film composite and its preparation method, application.The preparation method of the above-mentioned photovoltaic adhesive film composite includes the following steps: solution containing adhesive film raw material is laid on the surface of photovoltaic substrate by glue spraying or extrusion mode, heating and curing, form a layer of photovoltaic adhesive film on the surface of photovoltaic substrate, prepare photovoltaic adhesive film composite;Wherein, photovoltaic substrate includes photovoltaic glass or back plate.The preparation method of the above-mentioned photovoltaic adhesive film composite can make photovoltaic adhesive film flat and fixed on photovoltaic glass or back plate, reduce the failure rate in photovoltaic module production, while simplifying process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic modules, in particular to a photovoltaic adhesive film composite and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the photovoltaic industry, solar packaging materials are used to protect solar cells from external environmental wetness and ensure more light to reach the surface of solar cells. Solar packaging materials include photovoltaic glass, photovoltaic adhesive film, back sheet, etc. In the current production of solar cell modules, each solar packaging material is usually laminated and pressed with a solar cell piece to obtain a product, which has a complex process. In addition, during the process of laying the photovoltaic adhesive film on the photovoltaic glass or back sheet, the photovoltaic adhesive film is prone to protrusion, offset and sliding, which has a certain impact on the broken pieces and piece spacing of the solar cell, thereby causing the yield of the product to decrease. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, some embodiments of the present application provide a preparation method of a photovoltaic adhesive film composite, which can fix the photovoltaic adhesive film on the photovoltaic glass or back sheet, reduce the defective rate in the production of photovoltaic modules, and simplify the process.

[0004] Some other embodiments of the present application also provide a photovoltaic adhesive film composite prepared by the above method and an application thereof.

[0005] A preparation method of a photovoltaic adhesive film composite, comprising the following steps:

[0006] forming a layer of photovoltaic adhesive film on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by laying a solution containing adhesive film raw materials on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by means of glue pouring or extrusion, and heating and curing, to prepare the photovoltaic adhesive film composite;

[0007] The photovoltaic substrate includes photovoltaic glass or a back sheet.

[0008] In some embodiments, the mass percentage concentration of the adhesive film raw materials in the solution containing adhesive film raw materials is 30% to 75%.

[0009] In some embodiments, the solvent in the solution containing adhesive film raw materials includes one or more of tetrahydrofuran, ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, dimethylacetamide, toluene and butanone; and / or the adhesive film raw materials include one or more of EVA, POE and PVB.

[0010] In some embodiments, the heating and curing temperature is 40°C to 80°C, and the time is 0.5h to 4h.

[0011] In some of the embodiments, in the step of laying the solution containing the raw material of the encapsulant on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by means of gluing or extruding, a plurality of solutions containing the raw material of the encapsulant are laid by means of gluing or extruding through different gluing ports or extruding ports, and in the plurality of solutions containing the raw material of the encapsulant, the types of the raw material of the encapsulant are different or the concentrations of the raw material of the encapsulant are different.

[0012] In some of the embodiments, after the step of laying the solution containing the raw material of the encapsulant on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by means of extruding, the method further comprises the step of uniformly laying the solution containing the raw material of the encapsulant by means of squeegeeing.

[0013] A photovoltaic encapsulant composite prepared by the above method.

[0014] A photovoltaic module comprising the above photovoltaic encapsulant composite and a cell sheet, and the photovoltaic encapsulant in the photovoltaic encapsulant composite is arranged between the photovoltaic substrate and the cell sheet.

[0015] A method for preparing a photovoltaic module, comprising the following steps:

[0016] The above photovoltaic encapsulant composite and a cell sheet are laminated and pressed to make the photovoltaic encapsulant in the photovoltaic encapsulant composite face the cell sheet, thereby preparing the photovoltaic module.

[0017] A method for stacking the above photovoltaic encapsulant composite, comprising the following step: arranging a separation layer between two adjacent photovoltaic encapsulant composites.

[0018] The traditional photovoltaic glass or back plate and the photovoltaic adhesive film are independently produced, and are compounded with the cell piece in the preparation process of the photovoltaic assembly. The photovoltaic adhesive film needs to be fixed on the photovoltaic glass or back plate after being processed by cutting, spot ironing and other processes. The overall process is relatively complex. In addition, the packaging method of the photovoltaic adhesive film is coiled, and the existence of the coiling tension makes the photovoltaic adhesive film prone to bulging, offsetting and sliding during the laying process on the glass or back plate, which can affect the cell piece and the inter-piece distance. The above method provided in some embodiments of the present application lays the solution containing the adhesive film raw material on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by gluing or extruding, and forms a layer of photovoltaic adhesive film on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate after heating and curing. Thus, the photovoltaic substrate and the photovoltaic adhesive film are compounded in the preparation stage of the encapsulation material, and the processes such as film stacking, stacking, transportation, feeding, laying and spot ironing are omitted, thereby simplifying the preparation process of the photovoltaic assembly. In addition, by laying the adhesive film raw material in the form of a solution on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate through the gluing or extruding process, the uniformity of the adhesive film is better than that of the adhesive film particles laid directly. Through heating and curing, the adhesion strength between the adhesive film and the photovoltaic substrate is enhanced based on the principle of thermal phase separation, and the flatness of the outer surface of the adhesive film is also enhanced, so that the change of the inter-piece distance caused by the arching or movement of the adhesive film during the movement or due to the existence of the coiling tension can be avoided. Therefore, the above method can not only simplify the production process of the photovoltaic assembly, but also help to reduce the failure rate in the production of the photovoltaic assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creating labor.

[0020] Figure 1 A process flow chart for combining the photovoltaic adhesive film with the photovoltaic glass by the traditional method;

[0021] Figure 2 A process flow chart for combining the photovoltaic adhesive film with the photovoltaic glass in some embodiments of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram for laying the solution containing the adhesive film raw material on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by gluing in some embodiments of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram for laying the solution containing the adhesive film raw material on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by extruding in some embodiments of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5For some embodiments of the present application, a schematic diagram of a structure of a photovoltaic encapsulant composite;

[0025] Figure 6 For some embodiments of the present application, a schematic diagram of a method of stacking a photovoltaic encapsulant composite. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present application, a more comprehensive description of the present application will be given below in conjunction with specific embodiments. In the specific embodiments, preferred embodiments of the present application are given. However, the present application can be realized in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the present application herein only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the present application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0028] Unless otherwise stated or contradictory, the terms or phrases used in the present application have the following meanings:

[0029] In the present application, "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0030] In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0031] In the present application, "one or more" refers to any one, any two or any two or more of the listed items. Among them, "several" refers to any two or more.

[0032] In the present application, the percentage concentration involved, unless otherwise specified, refers to the final concentration. The final concentration refers to the proportion of the added component in the system after the component is added.

[0033] The words "preferably", "more preferably" and the like in the present application refer to the embodiments of the present application which can provide certain beneficial effects in certain cases. However, in the same or other cases, other embodiments can also be preferred. In addition, the description of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are not available, nor is it intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the present application.

[0034] When a numerical range is disclosed herein, the range is to be construed as having been recited to the full extent of the range, including every value within the range. Further, the description is to be construed as having been written in connection with the entire range and further including every integer value within the range. Additionally, the description is to be construed to include "about" a numerical value, including the value itself, unless otherwise indicated. Furthermore, when a range is provided, it is intended to include the endpoints of the range and every value within the range.

[0035] In the present application, the technical features described in an open way include both the closed technical solution consisting of the listed features and the open technical solution comprising the listed features.

[0036] The terms "comprising", "having", "including", and "containing" are to be construed as open-ended terms (i.e., meaning "including, but not limited to") unless otherwise noted. As one example, a process, method, object, or apparatus that "comprises", "has", "includes" or "contains" one step or unit does not, unless otherwise indicated, preclude the presence or addition of an additional step or unit.

[0037] Reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "an embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are they necessarily all directed to the same embodiment, or to a single alternative embodiment. It is explicitly contemplated that embodiments described herein can be combined with each other.

[0038] For example, referring to the combination of photovoltaic glass and photovoltaic adhesive film, please refer to Figure 1 The combination of traditional photovoltaic glass and photovoltaic adhesive film usually includes multiple processes. The glass raw material is sequentially subjected to a calendering process, an edge grinding / cleaning process, a film coating process, a tempering process, and a cleaning process to obtain photovoltaic glass, which is then stacked and transported to a photovoltaic module factory for assembly. The adhesive film raw material is subjected to a mixing process, an extrusion process, a calendering process, an edge cutting process, and a winding process to obtain photovoltaic adhesive film, which is then transported to a photovoltaic module factory for assembly. In the process of combining photovoltaic glass and photovoltaic modules, the photovoltaic adhesive film needs to be treated by processes such as feeding, cutting, laying, and spot ironing before it can be fixed on the photovoltaic glass. The process flow is complex, increasing the cost. In addition, during the process of laying the photovoltaic adhesive film on the surface of the photovoltaic glass, due to the existence of the winding tension of the photovoltaic adhesive film, it is inevitable that there will be bulging, film deviation, and sliding, which will have a certain impact on the broken pieces of the battery and the inter-piece spacing.

[0039] Based on this, the first aspect of the present application provides a preparation method of a photovoltaic adhesive film composite to solve the problems existing in the traditional combination of photovoltaic adhesive film and photovoltaic glass or back plate, comprising the following steps:

[0040] The solution containing adhesive film raw materials is laid on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by gluing or extrusion, and is heated and cured to form a layer of photovoltaic adhesive film on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate to prepare a photovoltaic adhesive film composite.

[0041] The photovoltaic substrate includes photovoltaic glass or back plate.

[0042] The above method provided by some embodiments of the present application lays the solution containing adhesive film raw materials on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by gluing or extrusion, and heats and cures to form a layer of photovoltaic adhesive film on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate, so that the photovoltaic substrate and the photovoltaic adhesive film are combined in the preparation stage of the encapsulation material, and the processes of adhesive film stacking, stacking, transportation, feeding, laying and spot ironing are omitted, thereby simplifying the preparation process of the photovoltaic module. In addition, by laying the adhesive film raw materials in the form of a solution on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate through the gluing or extrusion process, the uniformity of the adhesive film is better than that of the direct laying mode of adhesive film particles, and by heating and curing, the adhesion strength between the adhesive film and the photovoltaic substrate is enhanced based on the principle of thermal phase separation, and the flatness of the outer surface of the adhesive film is also enhanced, which can avoid the problems of arching and moving of the adhesive film during movement or due to the existence of winding tension, thereby causing the change of the cell string spacing. Therefore, the above method not only can simplify the production process of the photovoltaic module, but also is conducive to reducing the failure rate in the production of the photovoltaic module.

[0043] Taking the combination of photovoltaic glass and photovoltaic adhesive film as an example, please refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the glass raw materials are prepared into photovoltaic glass through the processes of calendering, edge grinding / cleaning, film plating, tempering and cleaning, which can be commonly used in the art and will not be described here. The adhesive film raw materials are mixed with a solvent to obtain a solution containing adhesive film raw materials, which is laid on the surface of the photovoltaic glass through the X process, which is an extrusion or gluing process, and then dried to obtain a photovoltaic adhesive film composite. The photovoltaic adhesive film composite is transported to the photovoltaic module factory after calendering, edge cutting and stacking, and then combined with the cell pieces for feeding. Figure 1 Compared with the traditional process of

[0044] In some embodiments, the mass percentage concentration of the adhesive film raw materials in the solution containing adhesive film raw materials is 30% to 75%. For example, the mass percentage concentration of the adhesive film raw materials in the solution containing adhesive film raw materials can be, but is not limited to, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75% or a range formed by any two of these values.

[0045] In some embodiments, the solution containing the encapsulant raw material is applied to the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by a method of dripping, and the mass percentage concentration of the encapsulant raw material in the solution is w1, and the solution containing the encapsulant raw material is applied to the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by a method of extrusion, and the mass percentage concentration of the encapsulant raw material in the solution is w2, w1≤w2. The extrusion process can be compatible with a higher concentration of the encapsulant raw material than the dripping process.

[0046] In some embodiments, the solvent includes aprotic solvent in the solution containing the encapsulant raw material. Specifically, the solvent includes one or more of tetrahydrofuran, ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, dimethylacetamide (DMAC), toluene, and butanone.

[0047] In some embodiments, the encapsulant raw material includes one or more of EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), POE (polyolefin elastomer), and PVB (polyvinyl butyral). The encapsulant raw material can be dissolved in an organic solvent and easily prepared in the form of an encapsulant solution.

[0048] In some embodiments, in the step of applying the solution containing the encapsulant raw material to the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by a method of dripping or extrusion, a plurality of solutions containing the encapsulant raw material are dripped or extruded through different dripping or extrusion ports, and the types of the encapsulant raw material or the concentrations of the encapsulant raw material in the plurality of solutions are different.

[0049] Currently, there are various products of photovoltaic encapsulants, such as non-uniform encapsulants and co-extrusion encapsulants. Through the above-mentioned methods, different encapsulant raw materials or different concentrations of encapsulant raw material solutions can be applied to different dripping or extrusion ports, so that new encapsulant products such as non-uniform encapsulants can be obtained on the photovoltaic substrate, and the market can be adapted to the continuous updating of encapsulant products, and the photovoltaic encapsulant and the photovoltaic substrate can be combined. However, it is difficult to prepare new encapsulants such as non-uniform encapsulants by directly applying encapsulant raw materials in the form of particles to the surface of the photovoltaic substrate.

[0050] It can be understood that the specific dripping amount or extrusion amount in the dripping or extrusion process can be obtained according to the amount of the encapsulant to be prepared, the concentration of the encapsulant solution, the total volume of the encapsulant solution to be used, and the advancing speed of the photovoltaic substrate in the dripping or extrusion process. By adjusting the dripping amount or the extrusion amount, the thickness of the encapsulant can also be adjusted.

[0051] In some embodiments, after the step of applying the solution containing the encapsulant raw material to the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by a method of extrusion, the method further includes a step of applying the solution containing the encapsulant raw material by a method of doctor blading to make it uniformly applied.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 3A schematic diagram showing a solution containing the raw material of the encapsulant being laid on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by means of dripping. In Figure 3 , the photovoltaic substrate 110 is moved by the conveying device 140, the raw material of the encapsulant and the solvent are mixed uniformly at the mixing device 120, and then stored by means of the dripping device, which includes a plurality of dripping ports 130. When the photovoltaic substrate 110 moves under the dripping device, the plurality of dripping ports 130 lay the solution containing the raw material of the encapsulant on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate 110. The photovoltaic substrate 110 laid with the raw material of the encapsulant continues to move under the driving of the conveying device 140, and then undergoes a subsequent heating and curing step.

[0053] It can be understood that the conveying device 140 can be, but is not limited to, a roller.

[0054] In Figure 3 , the dripping port 130 is three, and it can be understood that in other embodiments, the dripping port is not limited to three, but can also be other numbers. In addition, in Figure 3 , the raw material of the encapsulant at different dripping ports 130 can be the same or different, and the concentration of the raw material of the encapsulant can be the same or different.

[0055] Please refer to Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing a solution containing the raw material of the encapsulant being laid on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by means of extrusion. In Figure 4 , the photovoltaic substrate 210 is moved by the conveying device 240, the raw material of the encapsulant and the solvent are mixed uniformly at the mixing device 220, and then stored by means of the extrusion device, which includes an extrusion port 230. When the photovoltaic substrate 210 moves under the extrusion device, the extrusion port 230 lays the solution containing the raw material of the encapsulant on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate 210, and then the solution is uniformly laid on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by means of the film scraping device 250. The photovoltaic substrate 210 laid with the raw material of the encapsulant continues to move under the driving of the conveying device 240, and then undergoes a subsequent heating and curing step.

[0056] It can be understood that the conveying device 240 can be, but is not limited to, a roller.

[0057] In Figure 4 , only one extrusion port is shown, but it can be understood that in other embodiments, the dripping port is not limited to one, but can also be other numbers, such as two, three, four or more.

[0058] In some embodiments, the temperature for heat curing is 40-80°C, and the time is 0.5-4h. For example, the temperature for heat curing can be, but is not limited to, 40°C, 45°C, 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, 75°C, 80°C, or a range defined by any two of these values. The time for heat curing can be, but is not limited to, 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h, 2h, 2.5h, 3h, 3.5h, 4h, or a range defined by any two of these values.

[0059] By heat curing, the adhesion of the solution containing the raw material of the film on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate is higher than that of the traditional high-temperature and high-pressure adhesion based on the principle of thermally induced phase separation.

[0060] It can be understood that in some embodiments, after the step of heat curing, the photovoltaic film composite is further subjected to processes such as calendering and edge cutting.

[0061] In a specific example, the method for preparing the photovoltaic film composite comprises the following steps:

[0062] (1) mixing the raw material of the film POE with the solvent DMAC to prepare a film solution with a mass percentage concentration of 40%.

[0063] (2) laying the film solution on the surface of the photovoltaic glass by the method of glue pouring, then heat curing at 80°C for 180min to form a layer of photovoltaic film on the surface of the photovoltaic glass, thereby preparing the photovoltaic film composite.

[0064] In another specific example, the method for preparing the photovoltaic film composite comprises the following steps:

[0065] (1) mixing the raw material of the film POE with the solvent DMAC to prepare a film solution with a mass percentage concentration of 40%.

[0066] (2) laying the film solution on the surface of the photovoltaic glass by the method of glue pouring, then heat curing at 80°C for 180min to form a layer of photovoltaic film on the surface of the photovoltaic glass, thereby preparing the photovoltaic film composite.

[0067] By the above method, the adhesive film raw material is dissolved in the aprotic solvent, and is laid on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate in the form of a solution, which is more conducive to improving the uniformity of the laid adhesive film than laying the adhesive film raw material particles directly. Then, the adhesive film is formed on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by heating and curing. Based on the principle of thermally induced phase separation, the adhesive degree of the adhesive film on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate is higher than that of the high-temperature and high-pressure pressing method, which is conducive to the close adhesion between the adhesive film and the photovoltaic substrate. In addition, compared with the traditional compounding of the adhesive film and the photovoltaic glass or the back plate in the preparation process of the photovoltaic module, the above method not only can make the adhesive film flat and fixed on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate, reduce the surface protrusion, deviation and sliding, but also simplify the process and facilitate industrialized production.

[0068] The second aspect of the present application provides a photovoltaic adhesive film composite prepared by the above-mentioned method for preparing a photovoltaic adhesive film composite.

[0069] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic adhesive film composite is a composite of a back plate and an adhesive film, and in other embodiments, the photovoltaic adhesive film composite is a composite of a photovoltaic glass and an adhesive film.

[0070] Please refer to Figure 5 In some embodiments, a structural diagram of the photovoltaic adhesive film composite. The photovoltaic adhesive film composite 300 includes a photovoltaic substrate 310 and a photovoltaic adhesive film 320. One side of the photovoltaic adhesive film composite 300 is a flat photovoltaic substrate 310, and the other side is a flat photovoltaic adhesive film 320.

[0071] The third aspect of the present application provides a photovoltaic module, which includes the above-mentioned photovoltaic adhesive film composite and a cell sheet, and the photovoltaic adhesive film in the photovoltaic adhesive film composite is arranged between the photovoltaic substrate and the cell sheet.

[0072] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic adhesive film composite is a composite of a back plate and an adhesive film, and the photovoltaic module includes the photovoltaic adhesive film composite, a cell sheet, a second adhesive film and a photovoltaic glass.

[0073] In other embodiments, the photovoltaic adhesive film composite is a composite of a photovoltaic glass and an adhesive film, and the photovoltaic module includes the photovoltaic adhesive film composite, a cell sheet, a second adhesive film and a back plate.

[0074] In yet other embodiments, the photovoltaic module includes two photovoltaic adhesive film composites, one of which is a composite of a back plate and an adhesive film, and the other of which is a composite of a photovoltaic glass and an adhesive film, and the photovoltaic module includes the two photovoltaic adhesive film composites and a cell sheet arranged between the two photovoltaic adhesive film composites.

[0075] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module, which includes the following steps:

[0076] The photovoltaic adhesive film composite and the cell sheet are laminated and pressed to make the photovoltaic adhesive film in the photovoltaic adhesive film composite face the cell sheet, thereby preparing the photovoltaic module.

[0077] It can be understood that the specific laminating and pressing process can be commonly used in the art, which will not be described here.

[0078] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic adhesive film composite is a composite of a back sheet and a photovoltaic adhesive film, and the method for preparing the photovoltaic module comprises the following steps: laminating and pressing the photovoltaic adhesive film composite, the cell sheet, a second adhesive film and a photovoltaic glass to make the photovoltaic adhesive film in the photovoltaic adhesive film composite face the cell sheet, thereby preparing the photovoltaic module.

[0079] In some other embodiments, the photovoltaic adhesive film composite is a composite of a photovoltaic glass and a photovoltaic adhesive film, and the method for preparing the photovoltaic module comprises the following steps: laminating and pressing the photovoltaic adhesive film composite, the cell sheet, a second adhesive film and a back sheet to make the photovoltaic adhesive film in the photovoltaic adhesive film composite face the cell sheet, thereby preparing the photovoltaic module.

[0080] In some other embodiments, the photovoltaic module comprises two photovoltaic adhesive film composites, one of which is a composite of a back sheet and a photovoltaic adhesive film, and the other of which is a composite of a photovoltaic glass and a photovoltaic adhesive film, and the method for preparing the photovoltaic module comprises the following steps: laminating and pressing the photovoltaic adhesive film composites, the cell sheet and the photovoltaic adhesive film in sequence to make the photovoltaic adhesive film in the photovoltaic adhesive film composite face the cell sheet, thereby preparing the photovoltaic module.

[0081] The method for preparing the photovoltaic module described above uses the photovoltaic adhesive film composite to replace the conventional photovoltaic adhesive film and photovoltaic substrate, thereby simplifying the preparation process and avoiding the problems of the cell string spacing change caused by the movement of the photovoltaic adhesive film or the arching and movement of the adhesive film caused by the existence of the winding tension during the preparation of the photovoltaic module, thereby improving the yield.

[0082] The fifth aspect of the present application provides a stacking method of a photovoltaic adhesive film composite, which comprises the following steps: arranging an isolation layer between two adjacent photovoltaic adhesive film composites.

[0083] In some embodiments, the isolation layer comprises but is not limited to glass paper.

[0084] Since one side of the photovoltaic adhesive film composite is a flat adhesive film, in order to avoid damage to the surface adhesive film of the photovoltaic adhesive film composite during the stacking process, an isolation layer is arranged between two adjacent photovoltaic adhesive film composites.

[0085] Please refer to Figure 6FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a stacking method of a photovoltaic film composite. A photovoltaic glass 310 in a photovoltaic film composite 300 is stacked with a photovoltaic film 320 in another photovoltaic film composite 300, with an isolation layer 400 disposed therebetween.

[0086] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined in any manner. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described, but it should be understood that any combination of the technical features is within the scope of the present disclosure as long as the combination does not result in a contradiction.

[0087] The above-described embodiments merely express several embodiments of the present application, and facilitate a specific and detailed understanding of the technical solutions of the present application, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of patent protection of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these are within the scope of protection of the present application. It should be understood that, based on the technical solutions provided by the present application, technical solutions obtained by logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments by those skilled in the art are within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent should be based on the contents of the appended claims, and the description and drawings can be used to interpret the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a photovoltaic encapsulant film composite, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A solution containing adhesive film raw materials is applied to the surface of a photovoltaic substrate by coating or extrusion, and then heated and cured to form a photovoltaic adhesive film on the surface of the photovoltaic substrate, thereby preparing the photovoltaic adhesive film composite. The photovoltaic substrate includes photovoltaic glass or a backsheet; The curing temperature is 40℃~80℃, and the time is 0.5h~4h. During the curing process, thermally induced phase separation occurs.

2. The method for preparing the photovoltaic encapsulant film composite according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the solution containing the film raw material, the mass percentage concentration of the film raw material is 30% to 75%.

3. The method for preparing the photovoltaic encapsulant film composite according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the solution containing the film raw material, the solvent includes one or more of tetrahydrofuran, ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, dimethylacetamide, toluene, and butanone; and / or, the film raw material includes one or more of EVA, POE, and PVB.

4. The method for preparing the photovoltaic encapsulant film composite according to claim 1, characterized in that, A solution containing adhesive film raw materials is applied to the surface of a photovoltaic substrate by coating. The mass percentage concentration of the adhesive film raw materials in the solution is w1. The solution containing adhesive film raw materials is then applied to the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by extrusion. The mass percentage concentration of the adhesive film raw materials in the solution is w2, where w1 ≤ w2.

5. The method for preparing the photovoltaic encapsulant film composite according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, In the step of laying a solution containing adhesive film raw materials onto the surface of a photovoltaic substrate by means of coating or extrusion, multiple solutions containing adhesive film raw materials are coated or extruded through different coating or extrusion ports. Among the multiple solutions containing adhesive film raw materials, the types of adhesive film raw materials are different or the concentrations of the adhesive film raw materials are different.

6. The method for preparing the photovoltaic encapsulant film composite according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, After the step of laying the solution containing the adhesive film raw material onto the surface of the photovoltaic substrate by extrusion, the method further includes a step of scraping the solution containing the adhesive film raw material to ensure uniform laying.

7. A photovoltaic encapsulant film composite, characterized in that, It is prepared by the method described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, It includes the photovoltaic encapsulant film composite and the solar cell as described in claim 7, wherein the photovoltaic encapsulant film in the photovoltaic encapsulant film composite is disposed between the photovoltaic substrate and the solar cell.

9. A method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The photovoltaic encapsulant film composite of claim 7 and the solar cell are laminated and pressed together, with the photovoltaic encapsulant film in the photovoltaic encapsulant film composite facing the solar cell, to prepare the photovoltaic module.

10. The method for stacking photovoltaic encapsulant film composites as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: setting an isolation layer between two adjacent photovoltaic film composites.

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