Antenna and electronic equipment

Abstract

The present application discloses an antenna and an electronic device, and relates to the field of communication technology. The antenna includes a conductive plate and at least three antenna structures. The conductive plate includes two plate portions arranged at a first angle, and the angle of the first angle is less than 180°. Each antenna structure is located on the side of the conductive plate away from the first angle, and each antenna structure includes a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion, each radiating portion is electrically connected to a plate portion, and there is a gap between the two radiating portions. In addition, two antenna structures of at least three antenna structures are arranged along a first direction, and two antenna structures of at least three antenna structures are arranged along a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are arranged at a set angle. The second radiating portion of each antenna structure is located on the same side of the second plate portion. In this way, while realizing the positioning function of the antenna, it is also beneficial to reduce the size of the entire antenna. The antenna can be arranged on the side of the electronic device to improve the convenience of use of the electronic device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of economic level and the continuous advancement of communication technology, location-based services play an increasingly important role in improving the convenience of people's daily lives.

[0003] Ultra-wideband (UWB) positioning technology has the advantages of high positioning accuracy, strong anti-interference ability, high operating frequency, small size and low power consumption. In recent years, UWB antennas have been increasingly used in electronic devices to realize the positioning function of electronic devices. Since current consumer electronic devices usually have miniaturized and lightweight design requirements, and their integrated functions are increasing, the space reserved for UWB antennas on electronic devices is relatively limited, so the demand for miniaturization of UWB antennas is gradually increasing. Based on this, how to achieve the miniaturization design of UWB antennas has become a difficult problem that technicians in this field need to solve urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides an antenna and an electronic device to achieve a miniaturized design of the antenna, thereby improving the flexibility of the antenna's location in the electronic device.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna, which includes a conductive plate and at least three antenna structures, wherein the conductive plate includes a first plate portion and a second plate portion, an edge of the first plate portion is connected to an edge of the second plate portion, and a first angle is formed between the first plate portion and the second plate portion, and the angle of the first angle is less than 180°. Each antenna structure includes a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion, and the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are both located on the side of the conductive plate away from the first angle, so that the antenna structure can achieve directional radiation of the signal in the direction away from the first angle. The first radiating portion includes a first side and a third side that are arranged in opposite directions, the first side is electrically connected to the first plate portion, and the third side is close to the second radiating portion relative to the first side. The second radiating portion includes a second side and a fourth side that are arranged in opposite directions, the second side is electrically connected to the second plate portion, and the fourth side is close to the first radiating portion relative to the second side. In addition, the third side and the fourth side are arranged at intervals to form a gap between the third side and the fourth side, and the antenna structure can radiate the signal through the gap. At least three antenna structures include a first antenna structure, a second antenna structure and a third antenna structure. When the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure are arranged, the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure can be arranged along the first direction, and the first antenna structure and the third antenna structure can be arranged along the second direction. The first direction and the second direction are arranged at a set angle. In addition, the second radiating parts of each antenna structure are located on the same side of the second plate part and arranged in the same plane. The antenna provided by the present application is adopted, by making the first plate part and the second plate part of the conductive plate be arranged at a first angle less than 180°, and the first radiating part and the second radiating part are electrically connected to the first plate part and the second plate part respectively, and a certain radiation gap is reserved between the first radiating part and the second radiating part. In this way, while realizing the directional radiation of the antenna structure to the signal, the projection area of ​​the antenna structure on the plane where the first radiating part is located and the projection area of ​​the antenna structure on the plane where the second radiating part is located are both small, which is conducive to reducing the size of the entire antenna. When the antenna is applied to an electronic device, the antenna can meet the setting requirements of the side of the electronic device to improve the flexibility of setting the antenna in the electronic device, which is conducive to improving the convenience of use of the electronic device. Furthermore, because in the antenna, two antenna structures out of at least three antenna structures are arranged along a first direction, and two antenna structures out of at least three antenna structures are arranged along a second direction, the two antenna structures can perform angle measurement and distance measurement in the first direction, and the two antenna structures can perform angle measurement and distance measurement in the second direction, thereby achieving precise positioning of the object to be measured.

[0006] In the present application, there is no specific limitation on the angle of the first angle. For example, the first plate portion and the second plate portion may be vertically arranged, and the angle of the first angle may be 90°, which may be beneficial to further reduce the size of the antenna.

[0007] Since the third side of the first radiating portion is closer to the second radiating portion relative to the first side, and the fourth side of the second radiating portion is closer to the first radiating portion relative to the second side, the plane where the first radiating portion is located and the plane where the second radiating portion is located are arranged to intersect. In a possible implementation of the present application, the plane where the first radiating portion is located is perpendicular to the plane where the second radiating portion is located, which can help improve the symmetry of the antenna structure, thereby improving the symmetry of the directional pattern of the antenna structure.

[0008] In a possible implementation of the present application, the second radiating portions of each antenna structure may be coplanarly arranged, thereby facilitating directional radiation of signals by the antenna.

[0009] In addition, the third side of the first radiating portion of each antenna structure is located in the plane where the second radiating portion is located, so as to realize directional radiation of the signal by the antenna along the direction of the second radiating portion away from the second board portion.

[0010] Since the frequency deviation of the antenna structure can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the third side and the fourth side, in a possible implementation of the present application, the distance d1 between the third side and the fourth side satisfies: 0.02λ≤d1≤0.04λ, where λ is the medium wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna.

[0011] In addition, the width d2 of the first radiating portion from the first side to the third side and the width d3 of the second radiating portion from the second side to the fourth side satisfy: d2 / d3=0.8-1.2, which is beneficial to improving the symmetry of the antenna structure, thereby improving the symmetry of the antenna structure's directional pattern.

[0012] In a possible implementation of the present application, the length of the third side is less than or equal to d1+d2+d3, and the length of the fourth side is less than or equal to d1+d2+d3, wherein λ0 / 4≤d1+d2+d3≤λ0 / 2, wherein λ0 is the wavelength of free space corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna. This ensures that the antenna can operate within the required frequency band.

[0013] In the present application, in order to realize the electrical connection between the first radiating part and the first board part, each antenna structure includes a first short-circuit arm, so that the first radiating part and the first board part are spaced apart, and the first side of the first radiating part is electrically connected to the first board part through the first short-circuit arm. In addition, each antenna structure also includes a second short-circuit arm, and the second radiating part and the second board part are spaced apart, and the second side of the second radiating part is electrically connected to the second board part through the second short-circuit arm. In this way, while realizing the electrical connection between the first radiating part and the second radiating part and the corresponding board part, a radiation cavity can also be formed between the first radiating part, the second radiating part and the conductive plate, thereby realizing the radiation of the signal by the antenna structure.

[0014] In the present application, the size of the first short-circuit arm is not specifically limited. For example, along the arrangement direction from the first radiating portion to the first plate portion, the width of the first short-circuit arm is less than or equal to the length of the third side. Within the above range, the bandwidth and efficiency of the antenna can be improved by increasing the width of the first short-circuit arm.

[0015] Similarly, along the arrangement direction from the second radiating portion to the second plate portion, the width of the second short-circuit arm is less than or equal to the length of the fourth side. Within the above range, the bandwidth and efficiency of the antenna can be improved by increasing the width of the second short-circuit arm.

[0016] In a possible implementation of the present application, each antenna structure further includes a feeding line, and the second radiating portion of each antenna structure is provided with a feeding point, and the feeding line is electrically connected to the corresponding feeding point, thereby achieving feeding of the antenna structure.

[0017] In the present application, the feed line of each antenna structure is electrically connected to a feed source one by one, so that the corresponding antenna structure is fed by different feed sources. In addition, the frequency of the signal fed to each antenna structure by the corresponding feed source is the same, so that the antenna can radiate the signal in a specific working frequency band.

[0018] When setting the feeding point specifically, the feeding point is spaced apart from the fourth side, and in the extension direction of the fourth side, the distance deviation between the feeding point and the middle position of the two ends of the fourth side is ±1mm, so as to ensure the symmetry of the current and radiation pattern of the antenna structure, thereby improving the radiation performance of the antenna structure.

[0019] In a possible implementation of the present application, the antenna includes three antenna structures, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. In addition, the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure arranged along the first direction are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first symmetry plane, the first symmetry plane passes through the center point of the distance between the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure, and the first symmetry plane is perpendicular to the first direction. The first antenna structure and the third antenna structure arranged along the second direction are symmetrically arranged with respect to the second symmetry plane, the second symmetry plane passes through the center point of the distance between the first antenna structure and the third antenna structure, and the second symmetry plane is perpendicular to the second direction. In this way, the angle measurement and distance measurement in the first direction can be performed by the two antenna structures arranged along the first direction, and the angle measurement and distance measurement in the second direction can be performed by the two antenna structures arranged along the second direction, so that the antenna can be positioned on the object to be measured.

[0020] In order to improve the deflection consistency of the directional diagrams of the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure arranged along the first direction, in a possible implementation of the present application, the antenna may also include a conductive structure, the conductive structure includes a first conductive part and a second conductive part, the first conductive part is electrically connected to the first board part, the second conductive part is electrically connected to the second board part, and the second conductive part and the second radiating part of each antenna structure are located on the same side of the second board part. In addition, the first conductive part and the first radiating part of the second antenna structure are symmetrically arranged relative to the second symmetric plane, and the first conductive part and the first radiating part of the third antenna structure are symmetrically arranged relative to the first symmetric plane; and the second conductive part and the second radiating part of the second antenna structure are symmetrically arranged relative to the second symmetric plane, and the second conductive part and the second radiating part of the third antenna structure are symmetrically arranged relative to the first symmetric plane. This can help improve the accuracy of angle measurement and distance measurement in the first direction of the first antenna structure and the third antenna structure arranged along the first direction.

[0021] In addition, in the present application, the second conductive portion of the conductive structure and the second radiating portion of each antenna structure may also be arranged in the same plane, thereby facilitating directional radiation of the antenna to the signal.

[0022] In a possible implementation of the present application, the center distance L2 between the first antenna structure and the third antenna structure arranged along the second direction satisfies: λ0 / 4≤L2≤λ0 / 2, where λ0 is the wavelength of free space corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna, thereby ensuring the angular measurement accuracy of the two antenna structures in the second direction.

[0023] When the antenna includes three antenna structures, the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure arranged along the first direction are symmetrically arranged relative to the first symmetry plane, and the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure are arranged in an isosceles triangle. Such an arrangement can also make the deflection mode of the directional diagrams of the first antenna structure and the third antenna structure arranged along the first direction consistent, thereby ensuring the positioning accuracy of the antenna.

[0024] In a possible implementation of the present application, the antenna may further include four antenna structures, and the fourth antenna structure is centrally symmetrically arranged. In this way, the antenna may include two groups of antenna structures arranged along the first direction and two groups of antenna structures arranged along the second direction, so that the two groups of antenna structures arranged along the first direction can both perform angle measurement and distance measurement in the first direction, and the two groups of antenna structures arranged along the second direction can both perform angle measurement and distance measurement in the second direction, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the antenna.

[0025] In a possible implementation of the present application, the center distance L1 between the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure arranged along the first direction satisfies: λ0 / 4≤L1≤λ0 / 2, where λ0 is the wavelength of free space corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna, thereby ensuring the angular measurement accuracy of the two antenna structures in the first direction.

[0026] In a possible implementation of the present application, the conductive plate includes a continuously arranged reflective surface, and the projection of the first radiating portion of each antenna structure on the first plate portion and the projection of the second radiating portion of each antenna structure on the second plate portion both fall within the contour range of the reflective surface. This can help improve the antenna's ability to directional radiate signals.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present application further provides an electronic device, comprising a housing and the antenna of the first aspect, wherein the electronic device may be, but is not limited to, a directional electronic device such as a remote control, a mobile phone, or a car key. Since such electronic devices can point the side of the housing toward an object to be measured when in use, and the antenna provided in the present application is relatively small in size, the antenna can be disposed in the housing of the electronic device, which is conducive to improving the convenience of using the electronic device.

[0028] In a possible implementation of the present application, the second radiating portion of each antenna structure is attached to the top side of the shell or spaced apart from the top side of the shell to achieve directional radiation of the signal by the antenna in a direction perpendicular to the top side. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a remote control provided with a UWB antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A-direction view of the antenna shown in;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 Another schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a specific structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a partial structure of the antenna shown in ;

[0036] Figure 8 for Figure 6 B-direction view of the antenna shown in;

[0037] Fig. 9 for Figure 6 Passive performance curves of the three antenna structures of the antenna shown in;

[0038] Fig.10 for Figure 6 Average efficiency curves within the operating frequency band of the three antenna structures of the antenna shown in;

[0039] Fig.11 for Figure 6 Horizontal azimuth PDOA curves of the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure of the antenna shown in ;

[0040] Fig.12 for Figure 6 The vertical azimuth PDOA curves of the first antenna structure and the third antenna structure of the antenna shown in ;

[0041] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a remote control provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Fig.14 for Fig.13 Exploded view of the remote control shown in .

[0043] Reference numerals:

[0044] 100a-UWB antenna; 100b-antenna; 1-antenna structure; 1a-first antenna structure; 1011a-first radiating portion of the first antenna structure;

[0045] 1012a - a second radiating portion of the first antenna structure; 102a - a first short-circuit arm of the first antenna structure;

[0046] 103a - a second short-circuit arm of the first antenna structure; 1b - a second antenna structure; 1011b - a first radiation portion of the second antenna structure;

[0047] 1012b - the second radiating portion of the second antenna structure; 1c - the third antenna structure; 1011c - the first radiating portion of the third antenna structure;

[0048] 1012c - a second radiating portion of the third antenna structure; 102c - a first short-circuit arm of the third antenna structure;

[0049] 103c - second short-circuit arm of the third antenna structure; 1d - conductive structure / dummy antenna structure; 101 - radiator; 1011 - first radiating portion;

[0050] 10111-first side; 10112-third side; 1012-second radiation portion; 10121-second side; 10122-fourth side;

[0051] 10123 -feeding point; 1013 -first conductive part; 1014 -second conductive part; 102 -first short-circuit arm; 103 -second short-circuit arm;

[0052] 104-third short-circuit arm; 105-fourth short-circuit arm; 106-feeder line; 2-conductive plate; 201-first plate portion; 202-second plate portion;

[0053] 3-cavity structure; 4-medium substrate; 401-first surface; 402-second surface; 5-gap; 6-through hole;

[0054] 200-housing; 300-mainboard. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the example implementation can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the implementations set forth herein. The same reference numerals in the figures represent the same or similar structures, and thus their repeated description will be omitted. The words expressing position and direction described in the embodiments of the present application are all illustrated by taking the accompanying drawings as examples, but changes may be made as needed, and the changes made are all included in the scope of protection of the present application. The drawings of the embodiments of the present application are only used to illustrate the relative position relationship and do not represent the true proportion.

[0056] It should be noted that specific details are described in the following description to facilitate understanding of the present application. However, the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in a variety of other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific implementation methods disclosed below.

[0057] The limitations such as symmetry, parallelism, verticality, sameness (for example, same length, same width, etc.) mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are all based on the current technological level, rather than being absolutely strict definitions in a mathematical sense.

[0058] The following explains the terms that may appear in the embodiments of the present application.

[0059] The feed source / feed circuit is a combination of all circuits used for receiving and transmitting radio frequency signals. The feed circuit may include a transceiver and an RF front end circuit. In some cases, the "feed circuit" is understood in a narrow sense as a radio frequency chip (RFIC, Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit), and RFIC can be considered to include an RF front end chip and a transceiver. The feed circuit has the function of converting radio waves (e.g., radio frequency signals) and electrical signals (e.g., digital signals). Generally, it is considered to be part of the radio frequency.

[0060] In some embodiments, the electronic device may further include a test socket (or referred to as a radio frequency socket or a radio frequency test socket). The test socket may be used to insert a coaxial cable to test the characteristics of the radio frequency front-end circuit or the radiator of the antenna through the cable. The radio frequency front-end circuit may be considered as a circuit portion coupled between the test socket and the transceiver.

[0061] In some embodiments, the RF front-end circuit may be integrated into a RF front-end chip in the electronic device, or the RF front-end circuit and the transceiver may be integrated into a RF chip in the electronic device.

[0062] It should be understood that any two of the first / second / …Nth feeding circuits in the present application can share the same transceiver, for example, transmitting signals through a RF channel in a transceiver (for example, a port (pin) of a RF chip); they can also share a RF front-end circuit, for example, processing signals through a switch or amplifier in a RF front-end.

[0063] It should also be understood that two feeding circuits in the first / second / ...Nth feeding circuits in the present application usually correspond to two radio frequency test sockets in the electronic device.

[0064] The feed line, also called the transmission line, refers to the connection line between the antenna's transceiver and the radiator. The transmission line can directly transmit current waves or electromagnetic waves depending on the frequency and form. The connection point on the radiator where the transmission line is connected is usually called the feeding point. Transmission lines include wire transmission lines, coaxial transmission lines, waveguides, or microstrip lines. The transmission line can include a bracket antenna body or a glass antenna body depending on the implementation form. The transmission line can be implemented by LCP (Liquid Crystal Polymer), FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit), or PCB (Printed Circuit Board) depending on the carrier.

[0065] Resonant frequency: The resonant frequency is also called the resonance frequency. The resonant frequency can have a frequency range, that is, the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The resonant frequency can be a frequency range in which the return loss characteristic is less than -6dB. The strongest point of resonance can be called the resonance point, and the frequency corresponding to the resonance point is the center frequency point frequency. The return loss characteristic of the center frequency can be less than -20dB. It should be understood that, unless otherwise specified, the antenna / radiator mentioned in this application produces a "first / second... resonance", where the first resonance should be the fundamental mode resonance generated by the antenna / radiator, or the lowest frequency resonance generated by the antenna / radiator. It should be understood that the antenna / radiator can generate one or more antenna modes according to the specific design, and each antenna mode can correspond to a fundamental mode resonance.

[0066] Resonant frequency band: The range of the resonant frequency is the resonant frequency band. The return loss characteristic of any frequency point in the resonant frequency band can be less than -6dB or -5dB.

[0067] Communication frequency band / working frequency band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always works within a certain frequency range (band width). For example, an antenna that supports the B40 frequency band has a working frequency band that includes frequencies in the range of 2300MHz to 2400MHz, or in other words, the working frequency band of the antenna includes the B40 frequency band. The frequency range that meets the index requirements can be regarded as the working frequency band of the antenna. The width of the working frequency band is called the working bandwidth. The working bandwidth of an omnidirectional antenna may reach 3-5% of the center frequency. The working bandwidth of a directional antenna may reach 5-10% of the center frequency. The bandwidth can be considered as a frequency range on both sides of the center frequency (for example, the resonant frequency of a dipole), where the antenna characteristics are within the acceptable value range of the center frequency.

[0068] The resonant frequency band and the operating frequency band may be the same, or may partially overlap. In one embodiment, one or more resonant frequency bands of the antenna may cover one or more operating frequency bands of the antenna.

[0069] Antenna return loss: It can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port through the antenna circuit to the transmit power of the antenna port. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the greater the radiation efficiency of the antenna. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated into space through the antenna, and the lower the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0070] Antenna return loss can be expressed by the S11 parameter, which is one of the S parameters. S11 represents the reflection coefficient, which can characterize the antenna transmission efficiency.

[0071] In one embodiment, the S11 diagram can be understood as a schematic diagram for representing the resonance generated by the antenna. In one embodiment, the resonance shown in the S11 diagram in the portion less than -6dB can be understood as the resonant frequency / frequency range / operating frequency band generated by the antenna. The S11 parameter is usually a negative number. The smaller the S11 parameter is, the smaller the antenna return loss is, and the smaller the energy reflected back by the antenna itself is, which means that more energy actually enters the antenna and the higher the system efficiency of the antenna is; the larger the S11 parameter is, the greater the antenna return loss is, and the lower the system efficiency of the antenna is.

[0072] It should be noted that the S11 value of -4dB can be used as a standard. When the S11 value of the antenna is less than -4dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally. It should be understood that the S11 value of -6dB can also be used as a standard in engineering. When the S11 value of the antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the transmission efficiency of the antenna is good.

[0073] To facilitate understanding of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, its application scenario is described below. The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application can be used in an electronic device to enable the electronic device to receive or send wireless signals, thereby realizing the communication function of the electronic device.

[0074] As communication technology matures, location-based services play an increasingly important role in improving the convenience of people's daily lives. Taking indoor positioning technology as an example, currently common indoor positioning technologies include Wi-Fi (wireless-fidelity) technology, Bluetooth technology, Zig Bee technology, UWB technology, etc. Due to the advantages of UWB technology such as high positioning accuracy, strong anti-interference ability, high operating frequency, small size and low power consumption, it has been increasingly used in electronic devices in recent years, especially in handheld electronic devices. Taking the remote control as an example, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a remote control provided with a UWB antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. Currently, the UWB antenna 100a can usually be set as a microstrip patch antenna or a variant thereof. In order to realize the positioning function of the remote control, it is usually necessary to set multiple UWB antennas 100a in the remote control to measure the angle and distance through the phase difference of the signal received by two adjacent UWB antennas 100a from the object to be measured, thereby realizing the positioning function of the remote control.

[0075] Since the current remote controller generally has a thin and light design requirement, its thickness is small, but the existing UWB antenna 100a is large in size, Figure 1As shown, the UWB antenna 100a can usually only be arranged on the back of the remote control, that is, on the side of the remote control opposite to the surface with buttons. In actual use, the remote control can only be used to measure angles and distances by pointing the back of the remote control to the object to be measured, which affects the convenience of using the remote control.

[0076] In view of this, the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application is configured such that the conductive plate includes two plate portions arranged at a set angle, and the two radiating portions of the radiator are respectively arranged on the two plate portions of the conductive plate, so as to effectively reduce the size of the antenna without affecting the radiation performance of the antenna, so that the antenna can meet the side setting requirements of the electronic device, so as to improve the flexibility of the antenna setting position in the electronic device, and thus improve the convenience of use of the electronic device. In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0077] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 A partial structural diagram of an antenna 100b provided in an embodiment of the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, the antenna 100b includes an antenna structure 1 and a conductive plate 2, wherein the antenna structure 1 includes a radiator 101, which may also be referred to as an antenna vibrator or vibrator, etc. The radiator 101 is a unit constituting the basic structure of the antenna, which can effectively radiate or receive radio waves.

[0078] In one embodiment, the conductive plate 2 may also be referred to as a reflector, a bottom plate, an antenna panel or a metal reflective surface, etc. The conductive plate 2 may improve the radiation directivity of the antenna signal, for example, realize directional radiation of the antenna signal, to improve the radiation performance of the antenna, thereby improving the sensitivity of the antenna. The radiator 101 is usually disposed on one side surface of the conductive plate 2, which not only greatly enhances the signal receiving or transmitting capability of the antenna, but also blocks and shields interference of other radio waves from the other side surface of the conductive plate 2 on the signal reception.

[0079] In the present application, the conductive plate 2 may be made of copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass or alloys thereof, or other materials having conductive properties. Figure 2, the conductive plate 2 includes a first plate portion 201 and a second plate portion 202, an edge of the first plate portion 201 is connected to an edge of the second plate portion 202, and the first plate portion 201 and the second plate portion 202 are not arranged in the same plane, then there is a first angle α between the first plate portion 201 and the second plate portion 202, and the angle of the first angle α is less than 180°. Exemplarily, the first angle α can be 90°±30°. Furthermore, the first plate portion 201 and the second plate portion 202 can be arranged vertically, then the first angle α is 90°, and in the actual processing process, due to the limitation of the process level, the first angle α can be 90°±5°, for example, 85°, 92° or 95°.

[0080] In the embodiment of the present application, the connection method of the first plate portion 201 and the second plate portion 202 is not limited. For example, the conductive plate 2 can be an integrally formed structure, and the first plate portion 201 and the second plate portion 202 can be formed by bending the same plate-like structure, or processed by the same etching or coating process, so as to reduce the impedance between the first plate portion 201 and the second plate portion 202, and effectively simplify the structure of the conductive plate 2. In some other possible embodiments of the present application, the first plate portion 201 and the second plate portion 202 can also be two independent structures, which are connected by bonding or welding, so that the arrangement of the first plate portion 201 and the second plate portion 202 is more flexible.

[0081] The radiator 101 of the antenna structure 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application also includes two parts, namely a first radiating portion 1011 and a second radiating portion 1012. Figure 2 As shown, the first radiating portion 1011 and the second radiating portion 1012 are both located on the side of the conductive plate 2 away from the first angle α, and the first radiating portion 1011 is electrically connected to the first plate portion 201 , and the second radiating portion 1012 is electrically connected to the second plate portion 202 .

[0082] Since the radiator 101 can generally be a conductor with a specific shape and size, such as a linear or sheet shape, in the embodiment of the present application, the radiator 101 can be a sheet-shaped radiator 101, and the first radiating portion 1011 and the second radiating portion 1012 of the radiator 101 can both be sheet-shaped radiating portions. Among them, the sheet-shaped radiating portion can be a common patch (Patch) or a meta-surface patch (Meta Patch). Exemplarily, the first radiating portion 1011 and the second radiating portion 1012 can be set as a metal sheet with conductive properties such as a copper sheet, or in a possible embodiment, the first radiating portion 1011 and the second radiating portion 1012 can be set as a conductive coating. In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the shapes of the first radiating portion 1011 and the second radiating portion 1012 are not specifically limited, and they can be set as regular shapes such as rectangles.

[0083] In one embodiment, the conductive plate 2 and the radiator 101 may be made of the same material and have similar thicknesses. In addition, the conductive plate 2 and the radiator 101 may be manufactured through the same etching or coating process, thereby simplifying the antenna manufacturing process.

[0084] It is worth mentioning that in the embodiment of the present application, the conductive plate 2 may include a continuously disposed reflective surface, and the projection of the first radiating portion 1011 on the first plate portion 201 and the projection of the second radiating portion 1012 on the second plate portion 202 both fall within the contour range of the continuously disposed reflective surface of the conductive plate 2. Thus, the conductive plate 2 can enhance the directional radiation performance of the antenna structure 1 for signals, and enable the antenna structure 1 to radiate signals in a specific working frequency band.

[0085] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 for Figure 2 When the first radiating portion 1011 is electrically connected to the first board portion 201, the first radiating portion 1011 may include a first side 10111 and a third side 10112 that are disposed opposite to each other, wherein the first side 10111 is electrically connected to the first board portion 201, and the third side 10112 is closer to the second radiating portion 1012 relative to the first side 10111.

[0086] When the second radiating portion 1012 is electrically connected to the second board portion 202 , the second radiating portion 1012 includes a second side 10121 and a fourth side 10122 that are arranged opposite to each other, the second side 10121 is electrically connected to the second board portion 202 , and the fourth side 10122 is closer to the first radiating portion 1011 relative to the second side 10121 .

[0087] In addition, in order to realize the radiation and reception of signals by the radiator 101, a cavity structure 3 needs to be formed between the radiator 101 and the conductive plate 2. Based on this, the first radiating portion 1011 is spaced apart from the first plate portion 201, and the second radiating portion 1012 is spaced apart from the second plate portion 202. The antenna structure 1 may further include a first short-circuit arm 102 and a second short-circuit arm 103. Then, the first side 10111 of the first radiating portion 1011 is electrically connected to the first radiating portion 1011 through the first short-circuit arm 102, and the third side 10112 of the second radiating portion 1012 is electrically connected to the second radiating portion 1012 through the second short-circuit arm 103.

[0088] In the present application, the first short-circuit arm 102 and the second short-circuit arm 103 may also be conductors with specific shapes and sizes, which may be exemplarily configured as linear or sheet-shaped. Figure 2In the antenna 100b shown, the first short-circuit arm 102 and the second short-circuit arm 103 are both configured to be sheet-shaped, and they can be configured to be metal sheets with conductive properties such as copper sheets, or they can also be configured to be conductive coatings. In addition, the materials of the first short-circuit arm 102 and the first radiating portion 1011 can be the same or different. When the materials of the first short-circuit arm 102 and the first radiating portion 1011 are the same, the two can be an integrated structure, which can be formed by bending the same plate-shaped structure, or an integrated structure formed by an etching or coating process, so as to effectively simplify the processing technology of the antenna 100b and improve the production efficiency of the antenna 100b.

[0089] Similarly, the material of the second short-circuit arm 103 and the second radiating portion 1012 can be the same or different. When the material of the second short-circuit arm 103 and the second radiating portion 1012 is the same, the two can also be an integrated structure formed by bending the same plate structure, or processed by an etching or coating process, so as to simplify the processing technology of the antenna 100b and improve the production efficiency of the antenna 100b.

[0090] It is worth mentioning that the cavity structure 3 formed by the radiator 101 and the conductive plate 2 may also be filled with a dielectric matrix ( Figure 2 and Figure 3 (not shown). The present application does not limit the material of the medium substrate 4, and examples thereof may be acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic or polyphenylene sulfide (PPS).

[0091] Since the smaller the dielectric constant of the dielectric matrix 4 is, the smaller the corresponding dielectric wavelength is, which is more conducive to reducing the size of the antenna, in the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, the dielectric constant of the dielectric matrix 4 can be 2.0 to 6.0, and can be 4.0 for example. In addition, in the present application, the dielectric loss of the dielectric matrix 4 can be less than or equal to 0.005, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of the antenna.

[0092] You can continue to refer to Figure 3 In the present application, the third side 10112 of the first radiating portion 1011 and the fourth side 10122 of the second radiating portion 1012 are spaced apart, and a gap 5 can be formed between the third side 10112 and the fourth side 10122, and the radiator 101 can radiate and receive signals through the gap 5.

[0093] Since the frequency deviation of the antenna structure 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the spacing between the third side 10112 and the fourth side 10122, the spacing d1 between the third side 10112 and the fourth side 10122 can satisfy the following in the present application: 0.02λ≤d1≤0.04λ, which can be selected as 0.025λ in practical applications, where λ is the dielectric wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna. Exemplarily, when the center frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna 100b is about 8 GHz, the spacing between the third side 10112 and the fourth side 10122 can be 0.5 mm. It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the third side 10112 and the fourth side 10122 can be arranged in parallel, which is conducive to improving the directional pattern parameters of the radiator 101, thereby improving the radiation performance of the antenna 100b.

[0094] It can be understood from the above description of the first radiating portion 1011 and the second radiating portion 1012 of the radiator 101 that the plane where the first radiating portion 1011 is located and the plane where the second radiating portion 1012 is located are arranged to intersect. This application does not limit the angle between the plane where the first radiating portion 1011 is located and the plane where the second radiating portion 1012 is located. For example, Figure 3 In the antenna shown, the first radiating portion 1011 and the second radiating portion 1012 can be arranged orthogonally, so the plane where the first radiating portion 1011 is located is perpendicular to the plane where the second radiating portion 1012 is located. From the above introduction to the first plate portion 201 and the second plate portion 202 of the conductive plate 2, it can be seen that the first plate portion 201 and the second plate portion 202 can also be arranged vertically, so in the present application, the plane where the first radiating portion 1011 is located can be arranged parallel to the first plate portion 201, and the plane where the second radiating portion 1012 is located can be arranged parallel to the second plate portion 202.

[0095] You can continue to refer to Figure 3 In the present application, the first short-circuit arm 102 may be perpendicular to the first plate portion 201, and along the arrangement direction from the first radiating portion 1011 to the first plate portion 201, the width of the first short-circuit arm 102 is much smaller than the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna 100b in free space. For example, the width of the first short-circuit arm 102 may be less than or equal to the length of the third side 10112. In one embodiment, the resonance generated by the antenna 100b can be used to cover 8 GHz, or when the working frequency band of the antenna 100b covers 8 GHz, the width of the first short-circuit arm 102 may be less than or equal to 1.5 mm, for example, 1 mm, 1.2 mm or 1.4 mm.

[0096] In addition, the second short-circuit arm 103 may be perpendicular to the second plate portion 202, and along the arrangement direction from the second radiating portion 1012 to the second conductive plate 2, the width of the second short-circuit arm 103 is much smaller than the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna 100b in free space. In one embodiment, the resonance generated by the antenna 100b can be used to cover 8 GHz, or when the working frequency band of the antenna 100b covers 8 GHz, the length of the second short-circuit arm 103 may be less than or equal to 1.5 mm, and illustratively, the width of the second short-circuit arm 103 may be less than or equal to the length of the fourth side 10122. In one embodiment, the resonance generated by the antenna 100b can be used to cover 8 GHz, or when the working frequency band of the antenna 100b covers 8 GHz, the width of the second short-circuit arm 103 may be less than or equal to 1.5 mm, for example, 1 mm, 1.2 mm or 1.4 mm. It is worth mentioning that within a certain range, as the above-mentioned widths of the first short-circuit arm 102 and the second short-circuit arm 103 increase, the bandwidth and efficiency of the antenna 100b can be improved to a certain extent.

[0097] Since the positioning function of the antenna 100b is realized based on the directional radiation of the signal by the radiator 101, in the present application, the opening direction of the gap 5 between the first radiating portion 1011 and the second radiating portion 1012 can be adjusted to realize the directional radiation of the signal by the radiator 101. Figure 3 In the antenna shown, the third side 10112 of the first radiating portion 1011 is located in the plane where the second radiating portion 1012 is located. At this time, the opening of the slot 5 is opened toward the arrangement direction of the second plate portion 202 and the second radiating portion 1012, and the signal can be radiated from the slot 5 to the side of the second plate portion 202 away from the second radiating portion 1012. In practical applications, the opening direction of the slot 5 can be made consistent with the direction of the electronic device during use, so as to improve the convenience of use of the electronic device and help improve the positioning accuracy of the antenna.

[0098] In the present application, the width d2 of the first radiating portion 1011 from the first side 10111 to the third side 10112 and the width d3 of the second radiating portion 1012 from the second side 10121 to the fourth side 10122 satisfy: d2 / d3=0.8~1.2. In specific implementation, the first radiating portion 1011 and the second radiating portion 1012 can be symmetrically arranged relative to the gap 5, then the width d2 of the first radiating portion 1011 from the first side 10111 to the third side 10112 is equal to the width d3 of the second radiating portion 1012 from the second side 10121 to the fourth side 10122, thereby improving the symmetry of the antenna structure 1, which is beneficial to improving the symmetry of the radiation pattern of the antenna structure 1. In addition, the length of the third side 10112 of the first radiating portion 1011 can be equal to the length of the fourth side 10122 of the second radiating portion 1012 to further improve the symmetry of the antenna structure 1, thereby effectively improving the symmetry of the radiation pattern of the antenna structure 1 to improve the radiation performance of the antenna structure 1.

[0099] In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the length of the third side 10112 of the first radiating portion 1011 can be less than or equal to d1+d2+d3, and the length of the fourth side 10122 of the second radiating portion 1012 can be less than or equal to d1+d2+d3. In a possible embodiment of the present application, λ0 / 4≤d1+d2+d3≤λ0 / 2, wherein λ0 is the wavelength of free space corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band of the antenna 100b, thereby ensuring that the antenna can operate within the required frequency band.

[0100] You can continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The antenna structure 1 further includes a feeder 106, which can be used to feed the radiator 101. The feeder 106 is also called a transmission line, which refers to a connection line between the antenna transceiver and the radiator. The feeder 106 can directly transmit current waves or electromagnetic waves depending on the frequency and form. The type of the feeder 106 is not limited in the present application, and it can be exemplarily a coaxial line, a waveguide or a microstrip line, etc., to realize direct feeding or coupled feeding of the feeder 106 to the radiator 101.

[0101] Since the first radiation portion 1011 and the second radiation portion 1012 are both electrically connected to the conductive plate 2, in the present application, the feed line 106 may be electrically connected to one of the first radiation portion 1011 and the second radiation portion 1012, which may be selected according to the layout space between the first radiation portion 1011 and the second radiation portion 1012 and the conductive plate 2. Figure 3In the antenna shown, the area of ​​the portion of the second plate portion 202 used to constitute the above-mentioned cavity structure 3 is larger than the area of ​​the portion of the first plate portion 201 used to constitute the above-mentioned cavity structure 3, then the feed line 106 can pass through the portion of the second plate portion 202 used to constitute the above-mentioned cavity structure 3 and be electrically connected to the second radiating portion 1012.

[0102] When the feed line 106 is electrically connected to the second radiating portion 1012, the second radiating portion 1012 may be provided with a feed point 10123, and the feed line 106 may be electrically connected to the feed point 10123. The feed point 10123 may be spaced apart from the fourth side 10122. In the embodiment of the present application, the spacing between the feed point 10123 and the support of the fourth side 10122 is not limited. In addition, in the extension direction of the fourth side 10122, the feed point 10123 may be located at a position of the second radiating portion 1012 corresponding to the midpoint of the two ends of the fourth side 10122 to ensure the symmetry of the current and the directional pattern of the antenna structure 1, so as to improve the radiation performance of the antenna structure 1. In the actual processing process, due to the limitation of the process level, in the extension direction of the fourth side 10122, the distance deviation between the feed point 10123 and the middle position of the two ends of the fourth side 10122 may be ±1 mm.

[0103] The antenna 100b provided in the embodiment of the present application forms a radiation gap between the first radiation part 1011 and the second radiation part 1012 by making the conductive plate 2 include the first plate part 201 and the second plate part 202 arranged at a set angle, and connecting the first radiation part 1011 and the second radiation part 1012 of the radiator 101 to one plate part of the conductive plate 2 respectively. In this way, while realizing the directional radiation of the signal by the antenna 100b, the projection area of ​​the antenna 100b on the plane where the first radiation part 1011 is located and the projection area of ​​the antenna 100b on the plane where the second radiation part 1012 is located are both small. When the antenna 100b is applied to an electronic device, the antenna 100b can meet the setting requirements of the side of the electronic device, so as to improve the flexibility of setting the antenna 100b in the electronic device, which is conducive to improving the convenience of use of the electronic device.

[0104] It can be understood from the above introduction to the principle of antenna positioning that the antenna 100b provided in the embodiment of the present application may include multiple antenna structures 1 to measure angles and distances through the phase difference of the signals from the object to be measured received by two adjacent antenna structures 1, thereby realizing the positioning function of the antenna 100b. In addition, it can be understood that in order to achieve spatial positioning, the antenna 100b may include at least three antenna structures 1. When implementing it specifically, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna 100b provided in an embodiment of the present application. The antenna 100b includes three antenna structures, two of which are arranged along a first direction X, and two antennas are arranged along a second direction Y, and the first direction X is perpendicular to the second direction Y. For ease of description, in the embodiment of the present application, the three antenna structures of the antenna are respectively recorded as a first antenna structure 1a, a second antenna structure 1b, and a third antenna structure 1c.

[0105] Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that the second radiating portion 1012a of the first antenna structure, the second radiating portion 1012b of the second antenna structure, and the second radiating portion 1012c of the third antenna structure can be located on the same side of the second board portion 202. In one embodiment of the present application, the second radiating portion 1012a of the first antenna structure, the second radiating portion 1012b of the second antenna structure, and the second radiating portion 1012c of the third antenna structure can also be arranged in the same plane, thereby improving the antenna's ability to directional radiate signals.

[0106] In one embodiment, the length, width, and thickness of the corresponding radiating portion of the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b arranged in the first direction X are within 10% of each other. In one embodiment, the radiating portion of the first antenna structure 1a and / or the second antenna structure 1b may be provided with an insulating hole or an insulating gap, and the length, width, and thickness of the radiating portion should be considered from the perspective of the radiating portion as a whole and are not affected by the shape and number of the insulating hole or the insulating gap.

[0107] In one embodiment, the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b arranged in the first direction X are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first symmetry plane P1, wherein the first symmetry plane P1 passes through the center point of the distance between the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b, and the first symmetry plane P1 is perpendicular to the first direction X. In practical applications, the first direction X may be a horizontal direction, and the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b may be used to perform horizontal angle measurement and distance measurement on the object to be measured.

[0108] In the embodiments of the present application, the two antenna structures are symmetrically arranged relative to the symmetry plane. It should be understood that, relative to the preset symmetry plane, the outer contours of the radiating parts of the two antenna structures are roughly symmetrical and are not affected by the shape and number of the insulating holes or insulating gaps arranged in their contours.

[0109] In the embodiment of the present application, the center distance L1 between the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b satisfies: λ0 / 4≤L1≤λ0 / 2, thereby ensuring the angular measurement accuracy of the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b in the horizontal direction. Wherein, λ0 is the wavelength of the free space corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna 100b. In addition, the center distance L1 between the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b refers to the distance between the feeding point of the first antenna structure 1a and the feeding point of the second antenna structure 1b.

[0110] You can continue to refer to Figure 4 In one embodiment, the length, width, and thickness of the corresponding radiating portion of the first antenna structure 1a and the third antenna structure 1c arranged along the second direction Y are within 10% of each other. In one embodiment, the radiating portion of the first antenna structure 1a and / or the third antenna structure 1c may be provided with an insulating hole or an insulating gap, and the length, width, and thickness of the radiating portion should be considered from the perspective of the radiating portion as a whole and are not affected by the shape and number of the insulating hole or the insulating gap.

[0111] The first antenna structure 1a and the third antenna structure 1c arranged along the second direction Y are symmetrically arranged relative to the second symmetry plane P2, wherein the second symmetry plane P2 passes through the center point of the distance between the first antenna structure 1a and the third antenna structure 1c, and the second symmetry plane P2 is perpendicular to the second direction Y. In practical applications, the second direction Y may be a vertical direction, and the first antenna structure 1a and the third antenna structure 1c may be used to measure the angle and distance of the object to be measured in the vertical direction. In an embodiment of the present application, the center distance L2 between the first antenna structure 1a and the third antenna structure 1c satisfies: λ0 / 4≤L2≤λ0 / 2, thereby ensuring the angular measurement accuracy of the first antenna structure 1a and the third antenna structure 1c in the vertical direction. Wherein, λ0 is the wavelength of free space corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna 100b. In addition, the center distance L2 between the first antenna structure 1a and the third antenna structure 1c refers to the distance between the feeding point of the first antenna structure 1a and the feeding point of the third antenna structure 1c.

[0112] It can be understood that since the first antenna structure 1a and the third antenna structure 1c are symmetrically arranged relative to the second symmetry plane P2, in the antenna 100b provided in the embodiment of the present application, the conductive plate 2 may include two first plate portions 201, and the two first plate portions 201 are symmetrically arranged relative to the second symmetry plane P2, then the first short-circuit arm 102a of the first antenna structure and the first short-circuit arm 102c of the third antenna structure may be electrically connected to one first plate portion 201 respectively.

[0113] Since the first antenna structure 1a and the third antenna structure 1c are close to each other, in order to ensure the consistency of the directional patterns of the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b, Figure 4The antenna 100b shown also includes a conductive structure 1d, which is not provided with a feeder line, that is, the conductive structure 1d is not used for signal radiation. In the following embodiments of the present application, the conductive structure 1d not connected to the feeder can also be called a dummy antenna structure 1d.

[0114] You can continue to refer to Figure 4 , the conductive structure 1d includes a first conductive portion 1013 and a second conductive portion 1014, the first conductive portion 1013 is electrically connected to the first plate portion 201 through the third short-circuit arm 104, and the second conductive portion 1014 is electrically connected to the second plate portion 202 through the fourth short-circuit arm 105. It is worth mentioning that each radiating portion of the three antenna structures of the antenna 100b and each conductive portion of the conductive structure 1d are electrically connected to the same conductive plate 2.

[0115] In one embodiment, the length, width and thickness of the first conductive portion 1013 of the conductive structure 1d and the first radiating portion 1011b of the second antenna structure are within 10% of each other, and the length, width and thickness of the first conductive portion 1013 of the conductive structure 1d and the first radiating portion 1011c of the third antenna structure are within 10% of each other. In one embodiment, the length, width and thickness of the second conductive portion 1014 of the conductive structure 1d and the second radiating portion 1012b of the second antenna structure are within 10% of each other, and the length, width and thickness of the second conductive portion 1014 of the conductive structure 1d and the second radiating portion 1012c of the third antenna structure are within 10% of each other.

[0116] Similarly, insulating holes or insulating gaps may be provided on the first conductive part 1013 and / or the second conductive part 1014 of the conductive structure 1d, and the length, width, and thickness of the conductive part should be considered from the perspective of the conductive part as a whole and will not be affected by the shape and number of the insulating holes or insulating gaps.

[0117] In one embodiment, the first conductive portion 1013 of the conductive structure 1d and the first radiating portion 1011b of the second antenna structure are symmetrically arranged with respect to the second symmetry plane P2, and the first conductive portion 1013 of the conductive structure 1d and the first radiating portion 1011c of the third antenna structure are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first symmetry plane P1. In one embodiment, the second conductive portion 1014 of the conductive structure 1d and the second radiating portion 1012b of the second antenna structure are symmetrically arranged with respect to the second symmetry plane P2, and the second conductive portion 1014 of the conductive structure 1d and the second radiating portion 1012c of the third antenna structure are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first symmetry plane P1.

[0118] In the embodiments of the present application, the conductive part of the conductive structure and the radiating part of the antenna structure are symmetrically arranged relative to the symmetry plane. It should be understood that, relative to the preset symmetry plane, the outer contours of the conductive part of the conductive structure and the radiating part of the antenna structure are roughly symmetrical and are not affected by the shape and number of the insulating holes or insulating gaps arranged in their contours.

[0119] exist Figure 4 In the antenna 100b shown, by adopting the above-mentioned symmetrical arrangement of the three antenna structures and the conductive structure 1d, the consistency of the directional patterns of the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b can be ensured, so that the deflection modes of the directional patterns of the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b are the same, which can help improve the accuracy of the angle measurement and distance measurement of the antenna 100b in the first direction X, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the antenna 100b. In addition, the above-mentioned symmetrical arrangement of the three antenna structures and the conductive structure 1d of the antenna 100b is also conducive to simplifying the calculation difficulty of the algorithm for positioning the antenna 100b.

[0120] Based on the above Figure 4 In the introduction of the antenna 100b shown in FIG. 1 , in a possible embodiment of the present application, the antenna 100b may also include four identical antenna structures. In this case, it can be understood that Figure 4 The conductive structure 1d in is also replaced by Figure 2 The antenna structure 1 shown in FIG. In this way, the four antenna structures can be arranged in a central symmetric manner. Specifically, the four antenna structures include two groups of antenna structures symmetrically arranged relative to the first symmetry plane P1 and two groups of antenna structures symmetrically arranged relative to the second symmetry plane P2. The two groups of antenna structures symmetrically arranged relative to the first symmetry plane P1 perform angle measurement and distance measurement in the first direction X, while the two groups of antenna structures symmetrically arranged relative to the second symmetry plane P2 perform angle measurement and distance measurement in the second direction Y, which can effectively improve the positioning accuracy of the antenna 100b on the object to be measured.

[0121] From the above introduction to the positioning principle of the antenna 100b, it can be known that the symmetrical arrangement of the antenna structures of the antenna 100b can effectively ensure that the deflection modes of the directional patterns of the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b are consistent, so that the angle measurement and distance measurement of the antenna 100b in the first direction X can be more accurate. Figure 5 , Figure 5 Another structural diagram of the antenna 100b provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 4 Compared with the antenna 100b shown in FIG. Figure 5 The antenna 100b shown is not provided with a conductive structure 1d. Figure 5In the embodiment, the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b are symmetrically arranged relative to the first symmetry plane P1, and the first antenna structure 1a, the second antenna structure 1b and the third antenna structure 1c are arranged in an isosceles triangle, and the other structures of the first antenna structure 1a, the second antenna structure 1b and the third antenna structure 1c can refer to Figure 4 Make the settings, which will not be described in detail here.

[0122] exist Figure 5 In the antenna 100b shown, the center distance L1 between the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b satisfies: λ0 / 4≤L1≤λ0 / 2, where λ0 is the wavelength of free space corresponding to the center frequency of the antenna operation. The first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b can be used to measure angles and distances in the first direction X. The first antenna structure 1a and the third antenna structure 1c, or the second antenna structure 1b and the third antenna structure 1c can be used to measure angles and distances in the second direction Y.

[0123] Since the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b are equally affected by the third antenna structure 1c, the accuracy of the angle measurement and distance measurement of the antenna 100b in the first direction X can be guaranteed. Figure 5 The antenna structure of the antenna 100b shown includes only a first antenna structure 1a, a second antenna structure 1b and a third antenna structure 1c, which is conducive to simplifying the structure of the antenna 100b.

[0124] In this application, Figure 4 and Figure 5 Taking the antenna 100b shown as an example, some exemplary explanations are given of the arrangement of the various antenna structures of the antenna 100b provided in the present application. However, the arrangement of the various antenna structures in the antenna 100b is not limited to this. As long as the deflection consistency of the directional patterns of the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b can be ensured, they should be understood to fall within the scope of protection of the present application and are not listed one by one here.

[0125] The design principle of the antenna 100b provided in the present application is introduced above. In order to have a further understanding of the antenna 100b provided in the present application, the size and performance of the antenna 100b in actual application are illustrated below.

[0126] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a specific structure of the antenna 100b provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 The antenna 100b shown is based on Figure 4The design principle of the antenna 100b shown in the figure is a setting method in practical application. In other possible application scenarios, the antenna 100b can also be specifically set in other ways, which should be understood to fall within the protection scope of this application and are not listed one by one here.

[0127] Since a printed circuit board generally includes a conductive layer and a dielectric layer, the antenna 100b provided in the present application also mainly includes a conductive portion and a dielectric substrate. Based on this, Figure 6 The antenna 100b shown can be arranged based on the structure of a printed circuit board, and the conductive plate 2 of the antenna 100b and the first antenna structure 1a, the second antenna structure 1b, the third antenna structure 1c and the conductive structure 1d can all be obtained by etching or coating the conductive layer on the printed circuit board. Among them, the second radiating portion 1012a of the first antenna structure, the second radiating portion 1012b of the second antenna structure, the second radiating portion 1012c of the third antenna structure and the second conductive portion 1014 of the conductive structure 1d are arranged on the first side 401 of the dielectric layer of the printed circuit board, and the conductive plate 2 is arranged on the second side 402 of the dielectric layer, and the first side 401 and the second side 402 are arranged opposite to each other, so the dielectric layer of the printed circuit board can serve as the dielectric substrate 4 of the antenna 100b.

[0128] To facilitate the introduction of the conductive part of the antenna 100b, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 Only displayed Figure 6 Since the first antenna structure 1a, the second antenna structure 1b, the third antenna structure 1c and the conductive structure 1d are all electrically connected to the same conductive plate 2, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown, the second radiating portion 1012a of the first antenna structure and the second radiating portion 1012c of the third antenna structure can be obtained by the same etching or coating process, and the second radiating portion 1012b of the second antenna structure and the second conductive portion 1014 of the conductive structure 1d can be obtained by the same etching or coating process.

[0129] Similarly, the second short-circuit arm 103a of the first antenna structure and the second short-circuit arm 103c of the third antenna structure can also be obtained by the same process. Figure 6 As shown, a through hole may be provided between the second radiating portion 1012a of the first antenna structure and the second radiating portion 1012c of the third antenna structure, and the second short-circuit arm 103a of the first antenna structure and the second short-circuit arm 103c of the third antenna structure may be a conductive coating coated on the hole wall of the through hole 6.

[0130] like Figure 7As shown, the first radiating portion 1011a of the first antenna structure and the first radiating portion 1011c of the third antenna structure may also be a conductive coating disposed on the corresponding side of the printed circuit board or a structure obtained by etching the conductive layer. The first short-circuit arm 102a of the first antenna structure and the first short-circuit arm 102c of the third antenna structure may be obtained by the same etching or coating process as the conductive plate 2.

[0131] The second antenna structure 1b and the conductive structure 1d may be configured with reference to the first antenna structure 1a and the third antenna structure 1c, and will not be described in detail herein.

[0132] You can continue to refer to Figure 7 In the antenna 100b provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first antenna structure 1a, the second antenna structure 1b, the third antenna structure 1c and the conductive structure 1d and the conductive plate 2 can be an integrally formed structure, which can be obtained by the same etching or coating process. In addition, the conductive plate 2 includes a continuously arranged reflective surface, and the projection of the first radiating portion of each antenna structure on the first plate portion 201 and the projection of the second radiating portion on the second plate portion 202 both fall within the contour range of the continuously arranged reflective surface of the conductive plate 2, so that the conductive plate 2 can improve the performance of the antenna 100b in directional radiation of the signal.

[0133] exist Figure 6 and Figure 7 In an embodiment, in the first antenna structure 1a and the third antenna structure 1c arranged along the second direction Y, a connecting line may be provided between the second radiating portion 1012a of the first antenna structure and the second radiating portion 1012c of the third antenna structure. In an embodiment, the second radiating portion 1012a of the first antenna structure, the second radiating portion 1012c of the third antenna structure and the connecting line therebetween may be integrally formed, or may be obtained by the same etching or coating process, thereby facilitating the formation of the second radiating portion 1012a of the first antenna structure and the second radiating portion 1012c of the third antenna structure of the same length or width. In an embodiment, the width of the connecting line between radiators of different antenna structures is less than or equal to 1 / 5 of the length of the radiating portion.

[0134] exist Figure 6 and Figure 7 In the embodiment of the present invention, the conductive structure 1d can also be called a dummy antenna structure 1d, and a connecting line can also be provided between the dummy antenna structure 1d and the second antenna structure 1b. In one embodiment, no feeding point is provided on the dummy antenna structure 1d, and no insulating hole or insulating gap is provided on the second conductive portion 1014. It should be understood that in one embodiment, no feeding point is provided on the dummy antenna structure 1d, but an insulating hole or insulating gap can be provided on the second conductive portion 1014, thereby forming a conductive through hole similar to that in the radiator of the antenna structure, thereby increasing symmetry.

[0135] In addition, it is worth mentioning that in the antenna 100b provided in the embodiment of the present application, the feed line of each antenna structure is electrically connected to a feed power source one by one, that is, each antenna structure is electrically connected to a different feed power source. However, the frequency of the signal fed to each antenna structure by the corresponding feed power source is the same, so that each antenna structure can radiate the same frequency signal, so that the antenna can radiate the signal in a specific working frequency band.

[0136] by Figure 6 The size and radiation performance of the antenna 100b are described by taking the working frequency band of the antenna 100b as 7.737 GHz-8.237 GHz (eg, Chanel 9) as an example, wherein the center frequency f0 of the working frequency band is 8 GHz. Figure 8 , Figure 8 for Figure 6 In the B-direction view of the antenna 100b shown in FIG, in the antenna 100b, the center distance between the second radiating portion 1012a of the first antenna structure and the second radiating portion 1012b of the second antenna structure can be 18.75mm, that is, λ0 / 2. The center distance between the second radiating portion 1012a of the first antenna structure and the second radiating portion 1012c of the third antenna structure can be 18.75mm, that is, 0.213λ0. At this time, the width W of the antenna 100b along the second direction Y can be 8.5mm, and the size of the antenna 100b in the second direction Y is relatively small.

[0137] Reference Fig. 9 , Fig. 9 for Figure 6 The S11 curves of the first antenna structure 1a, the second antenna structure 1b and the third antenna structure 1c of the antenna 100b are shown in FIG. Fig. 9 It can be seen that the resonances generated by the three antenna structures are all used to cover 8 GHz.

[0138] Reference Fig.10 , Fig.10 for Figure 6 The average efficiency curves of the first antenna structure 1a, the second antenna structure 1b and the third antenna structure 1c of the antenna 100b in the working frequency band are shown in FIG. Fig.10 It can be seen that the in-band average efficiencies of the three antenna structures are all greater than -2dB, which indicates that the antenna 100b provided in the embodiment of the present application has a higher radiation efficiency.

[0139] Reference Fig.11 , Fig.11 for Figure 6The horizontal azimuth arrival phase difference (PDOA) curve of the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b of the antenna shown in FIG. PDOA is the phase difference between the transmitted signal arriving at different receiving ends, which can be used to infer the position of the transmitted signal. Fig.11 It can be seen that the horizontal azimuth PDOA curves of the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b have good monotonicity within the angle range of ±60°, which means that the first antenna structure 1a and the second antenna structure 1b can perform more accurate angle and distance measurement in the horizontal direction.

[0140] In addition, refer to Fig.12 , Fig.12 for Figure 6 The vertical azimuth PDOA curves of the first antenna structure 1a and the third antenna structure 1c of the antenna 100b are shown in FIG. Fig.12 It can be seen that the vertical azimuth PDOA curves of the first antenna structure 1a and the third antenna structure 1c have good monotonicity within the angle range of ±60°, which means that more accurate angle and distance measurement can be performed in the vertical direction through the first antenna structure 1a and the third antenna structure 1c.

[0141] By the above Figure 6 The analysis of the provided antenna 100b can lead to the following conclusions: the antenna 100b provided in the present application is small in size, the antenna 100b can work stably within the working frequency band, and has high radiation efficiency. In addition, the antenna 100b has high angle measurement and distance measurement accuracy, thereby achieving a more accurate positioning function.

[0142] Based on the above introduction to the antenna 100b provided in the present application, since the antenna 100b is relatively small in size, it can be disposed on the side of the housing of the electronic device. Fig.13 , Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of a remote control provided in an embodiment of the present application. During the use of the remote control, due to the particularity of its holding posture, its signal transceiver is usually arranged on the top of the housing 200 of the remote control, so as to control the object to be tested by pointing the top of the housing 200 of the remote control to the object to be tested. Based on this, in Fig.13 In the remote control shown, the antenna 100b is disposed in the housing 200, and the antenna 100b can be disposed on the top side of the housing 200 of the remote control, wherein the top side is the inner side of the top of the housing 200. In addition, the second radiating portion of each antenna structure of the antenna 100b can be attached to the top side of the housing 200 or spaced from the top side of the housing 200, so that when the remote control is used for positioning, the use of the remote control can be more convenient, thereby improving the user experience.

[0143] In addition, refer to Fig.14 , Fig.14 for Fig.13 The remote controller also includes a mainboard 300, which is provided with a processor ( Fig.14 (not shown), the feed lines 106 of each antenna structure of the antenna 100b may be electrically connected to the processor, so that the processor feeds each antenna structure through the feed line 106 to achieve the positioning function of the electronic device.

[0144] It is worth mentioning that the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application can be not only a remote control, but also other handheld electronic devices such as mobile phones or car keys. During the use of such electronic devices, due to the particularity of the hand-held posture, in order to ensure its efficient reception and transmission of wireless signals, the antenna 100b can be set on the side of the electronic device with a smaller area set along the thickness direction, such as the side of the top of the electronic device. Thereby, the convenience of the electronic device can be improved while achieving accurate positioning of the electronic device on the object to be measured.

[0145] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the scope of protection of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: The antenna comprises a conductive plate and at least three antenna structures, wherein: The conductive plate comprises a first plate portion and a second plate portion, an edge of the first plate portion is connected to an edge of the second plate portion, a first angle is formed between the first plate portion and the second plate portion, and the angle of the first angle is less than 180°; Each of the antenna structures comprises a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion, the first radiating portion and the second radiating portion are both located on a side of the conductive plate away from the first angle, the first radiating portion comprises a first side and a third side arranged opposite to each other, the first side is electrically connected to the first plate portion, and the third side is closer to the second radiating portion relative to the first side; the second radiating portion comprises a second side and a fourth side arranged opposite to each other, the second side is electrically connected to the second plate portion, and the fourth side is closer to the first radiating portion relative to the second side; the third side and the fourth side are arranged at intervals; At least three of the antenna structures include a first antenna structure, a second antenna structure and a third antenna structure, wherein the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure are arranged along a first direction, and the first antenna structure and the third antenna structure are arranged along a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are arranged at a set angle; the second radiating portion of each of the antenna structures is located on the same side of the second plate portion.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The second radiating portions of each of the antenna structures are arranged in the same plane.

3. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The plane where the first radiating portion is located is perpendicular to the plane where the second radiating portion is located.

4. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The distance d1 between the third side and the fourth side satisfies: 0.02λ≤d1≤0.04λ, wherein λ is a medium wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that A width d2 of the first radiating portion from the first side to the third side and a width d3 of the second radiating portion from the second side to the fourth side satisfy: d2 / d3=0.8-1.

2.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that The length of the third side is less than or equal to d1+d2+d3, and the length of the fourth side is less than or equal to d1+d2+d3, wherein, λ0 / 4≤d1+d2+d3≤λ0 / 2, wherein λ0 is the wavelength of free space corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna.

7. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Each of the antenna structures also includes a first short-circuit arm and a second short-circuit arm, the first radiating portion is spaced apart from the first plate portion, and the first side is electrically connected to the first plate portion through the first short-circuit arm; the second radiating portion is spaced apart from the second plate portion, and the second side is electrically connected to the second plate portion through the second short-circuit arm.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that Along an arrangement direction from the first radiation portion to the first plate portion, a width of the first short-circuit arm is less than or equal to a length of the third side.

9. The antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that Along an arrangement direction from the second radiation portion to the second plate portion, a width of the second short-circuit arm is less than or equal to a length of the fourth side.

10. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Each of the antenna structures further includes a feeding line, and the second radiating portion of each of the antenna structures is provided with a feeding point, and the feeding line is electrically connected to the corresponding feeding point.

11. The antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that The feeding line of each antenna structure is electrically connected to a feeding source in a one-to-one correspondence, and the frequencies of the signals fed into each antenna structure by the corresponding feeding source are the same.

12. The antenna according to claim 10, characterized in that The feeding point is spaced apart from the fourth side, and in the extension direction of the fourth side, a distance deviation between the feeding point and a middle position of two ends of the fourth side is ±1 mm.

13. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure arranged along the first direction are symmetrically arranged relative to a first symmetry plane, the first symmetry plane passes through the center point of the distance between the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure, and the first symmetry plane is perpendicular to the first direction; The first antenna structure and the third antenna structure arranged along the second direction are symmetrically arranged relative to the second symmetry plane, the second symmetry plane passes through the center point of the distance between the first antenna structure and the third antenna structure, and the second symmetry plane is perpendicular to the second direction.

14. The antenna according to claim 13, characterized in that The antenna further includes a conductive structure, the conductive structure including a first conductive portion and a second conductive portion, the first conductive portion is electrically connected to the first board portion, the second conductive portion is electrically connected to the second board portion, and the second conductive portion and the second radiating portion of each antenna structure are located on the same side of the second board portion; The first conductive portion and the first radiating portion of the second antenna structure are symmetrically arranged with respect to the second symmetric plane, and the first conductive portion and the first radiating portion of the third antenna structure are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first symmetric plane; and the second conductive portion and the second radiating portion of the second antenna structure are symmetrically arranged with respect to the second symmetric plane, and the second conductive portion and the second radiating portion of the third antenna structure are symmetrically arranged with respect to the first symmetric plane.

15. The antenna according to claim 14, characterized in that The second conductive portion is disposed coplanarly with the second radiating portion of each of the antenna structures.

16. The antenna according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that: The center distance L2 between the first antenna structure and the third antenna structure arranged along the second direction satisfies: λ0 / 4≤L2≤λ0 / 2, wherein λ0 is the wavelength of free space corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna.

17. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first antenna structure and the second antenna structure arranged along the first direction are symmetrically arranged relative to a first symmetry plane, the first symmetry plane passes through the center point of the distance between the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure, and the first symmetry plane is perpendicular to the first direction; The first antenna structure, the second antenna structure and the third antenna structure are arranged in an isosceles triangle.

18. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The antenna includes four antenna structures, and the four antenna structures are centrally symmetrically arranged.

19. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The center distance L1 between the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure arranged along the first direction satisfies: λ0 / 4≤L1≤λ0 / 2, where λ0 is the wavelength of free space corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna.

20. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first plate portion and the second plate portion are arranged perpendicularly.

21. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The conductive plate includes a continuously arranged reflecting surface, and a projection of the first radiating portion of each antenna structure on the first plate portion and a projection of the second radiating portion of each antenna structure on the second plate portion both fall within a contour range of the reflecting surface.

22. An electronic device, characterized in that: It comprises a shell and the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the antenna is arranged in the shell.

23. The electronic device according to claim 22, characterized in that: The second radiating portion of each of the antenna structures is attached to the top side of the shell or is spaced apart from the top side of the shell.

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