Deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device and mine fresh air system

Abstract

The present invention provides a deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device and a mine fresh air system, relating to the technical field of mine air heat extraction. The heat exchange assembly of the heat exchange device includes a dry cooling module, a wet cooling module, a frost cooling module, and an ice cooling module, which are sequentially connected from top to bottom. Each module has an exhaust air duct and a fresh air duct. A first fresh air fan is provided on the side of the ice cooling module, and a second fresh air fan is provided on the side of the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module. A fresh air outlet pipe is provided on the side of the dry cooling module. A pipe box is provided at the rear end of the heat exchange assembly, and the fresh air ducts of each module are connected to the pipe box for discharging air after heat exchange in the wet cooling module, the frost cooling module, and the ice cooling module from the fresh air outlet pipe. The flow rate of the second fresh air fan is adjustable, so that water vapor in the exhaust air condenses into frost in the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module by adjusting the flow rate. Deicing components provided in the wet cooling module and the ice cooling module are used to remove frost. This solution can achieve exhaust air heat extraction below freezing point and improve the utilization rate of waste heat from exhaust air.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine air heat extraction, and in particular to a deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device and a fresh air system for mines. Background Art

[0002] In terms of waste heat recovery technology at the wellhead of coal mines, the main source of waste heat is exhaust air with low thermal energy density, that is, hot exhaust gas, which has a large flow rate and a low temperature, generally around 10-20 degrees Celsius, and contains certain toxic components and high humidity. In fact, in the north, the temperature in winter can generally reach minus 20-30 degrees Celsius. At this time, the return air temperature can be 30-50 degrees Celsius higher than the wellhead ambient fresh air temperature, which is a good low-temperature heat source that can be used for wellhead fresh air heating. Relatively speaking, cold air is also a good cold source for exhaust air.

[0003] When extracting heat from exhaust air, the primary method is to use a heat exchanger to exchange heat with the exhaust air, raising the temperature of the ambient air or the air entering the mine. However, the exhaust air temperature is relatively low, generally 10-20°C above freezing. When the exhaust air temperature is near freezing during the heat extraction process, condensation, frost, and ice will form. This frost and ice not only block the exhaust air passages, affecting the flow of exhaust air, but also, because ice is a poor conductor of heat, the heat between the freezing point and the ambient temperature (-20 to -30°C) cannot be effectively utilized. This significantly reduces the heat exchange efficiency between the exhaust air and the fresh air, making it impossible to fully recover the exhaust air's waste heat. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to address the above shortcomings, it is necessary to propose a deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device and a fresh air system for mines to achieve heat extraction from exhaust air below freezing point and improve the waste heat utilization rate of exhaust air.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device, the heat exchange device comprising: an exhaust air conveying component, a heat exchange component, a first fresh air fan, a second fresh air fan, a fresh air outlet pipe and a pipe box;

[0006] The heat exchange assembly includes: a dry cooling module, a wet cooling module, a frost cooling module and an ice cooling module, and the four modules are sequentially connected from top to bottom to form a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the upper end of the dry cooling module is open and connected with the air outlet end of the exhaust air conveying assembly, and the air inlet end of the exhaust air conveying assembly is connected to the exhaust air outlet of the coal mine; the dry cooling module, the wet cooling module, the frost cooling module and the ice cooling module all have exhaust air ducts for circulating exhaust air from top to bottom, and all have fresh air ducts for circulating fresh air from front to rear end, and the exhaust air ducts and the fresh air ducts are not connected; the four side surfaces of the heat exchange assembly are sealed by sealing plates, and a first fresh air fan is provided on the side surface of the front end of the heat exchange assembly at the position of the ice cooling module, the air inlet end of the first fresh air fan is connected with the outside air, and the air outlet end is connected with the air inlet end of the fresh air duct of the ice cooling module; A second fresh air fan is provided on the side of the front end of the heat exchange component, at the position of the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module, the air inlet end of the second fresh air fan is connected with the outside air, and the air outlet end is connected with the air inlet ends of the fresh air ducts of the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module respectively; a fresh air outlet pipe is provided on the side of the front end of the heat exchange component, at the position of the dry cooling module, one end of the fresh air outlet pipe is used to supply air to the air inlet of the coal mine, and the other end is connected with the air outlet end of the fresh air duct of the dry cooling module; a pipe box is provided on the side of the rear end of the heat exchange component, the air outlet ends of the fresh air ducts of the wet cooling module, the frost cooling module and the ice cooling module are all connected with the interior of the pipe box, and the air inlet end of the fresh air duct of the dry cooling module is connected with the interior of the pipe box, for discharging the air after heat exchange through the wet cooling module, the frost cooling module and the ice cooling module from the fresh air outlet pipe;

[0007] The flow rate of the second fresh air fan is adjustable, so that the water vapor in the exhaust air condenses into frost in the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module by adjusting the flow rate of the second fresh air fan; the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module are also provided with a deicing component for removing the frost condensed in the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module.

[0008] Preferably, the exhaust air conveying component includes: N exhaust air fans, a combined air chamber and an exhaust air inlet duct; the air inlet end of each exhaust air fan is used to connect to a coal mine exhaust air outlet pipeline; the combined air chamber is a mixing chamber with N air inlets and 1 air outlet, each air inlet of the combined air chamber is connected to the air outlet end of an exhaust air fan, the air outlet end of the combined air chamber is connected to one end of the exhaust air inlet duct, and the other end of the exhaust air inlet duct is connected to the upper end of the dry cooling module, so as to convey the exhaust air at the coal mine exhaust air outlet to the heat exchange component; wherein, N≥1.

[0009] Preferably, in the dry cooling module, wet cooling module, frost cooling module and ice cooling module, each module includes a module frame and a heat exchange plate group; the heat exchange plate group is fixedly connected to the module frame, and the module frame is composed of square steel to form a cubic frame structure, and the upper and lower sides of the cubic frame structure are provided with a plurality of I-beams, and both sides of the three-dimensional frame structure are provided with a plurality of square steel longitudinal beams; the heat exchange plate group includes a plurality of heat exchange plates placed alternately vertically and fixedly installed, and each heat exchange plate is composed of two tube plates and a corrugated plate, and the upper surface of each tube plate has a corrugated surface that fits the corrugated surface of the corrugated plate, and the two ends of the corrugated cross section of the corrugated plate are fixedly connected to the tube plate respectively and fit the corrugated surface of the tube plate; between any two adjacent heat exchange plates, the lower surface of the tube plate of the upper heat exchange plate is fixedly connected to one end of the corrugated cross section of the lower heat exchange plate that is linear, so as to form two mutually perpendicular and non-connected channels.

[0010] Preferably, at one end of the corrugated plate with a corrugated cross-section, 100 mm straight edges are provided on both sides of the corrugated edge for fixedly connecting the upper and lower tube sheets of the corrugated plate, and a 20 mm straight edge is provided every 500±10 mm along the corrugated direction on the corrugated edge for fixedly connecting the corrugated plate and the tube sheet at the lower end; wherein the 20 mm straight edges are all provided at the wave crests.

[0011] Preferably, the corrugated plates of the dry cooling module and the ice cooling module are made of aluminum alloy material, and the corrugated plates of the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module are made of thermally conductive silicon material.

[0012] Preferably, the de-icing assembly includes: a first guide rail, a second guide rail, a first linear motor, a second linear motor, a moving rod and an extrusion; the first guide rail is fixedly mounted on the I-beam on the upper side of the module frame, and the second guide rail is fixedly mounted on the I-beam on the lower side of the module frame, one end of the moving rod is slidably fixed on the first guide rail, and the other end is slidably fixed on the second guide rail, and the moving rod includes a plurality of moving rods, each of which is located in an air exhaust duct formed by two adjacent corrugated plates, and a plurality of extrusions are evenly mounted on each moving rod; the first linear motor is mounted on one end of the first guide rail, and the second linear motor is mounted on one end of the second guide rail, and the first linear motor and the second linear motor are used to drive each moving rod to move along the guide rail, so as to deform the corrugated plate made of thermal conductive silicon material through the extrusion to cause the frost to fall off.

[0013] Preferably, the deicing components include several groups, which are respectively arranged on the I-beams on the upper and lower sides of the module frame, and in the same time period, the movement directions of the motion rods in two adjacent groups of deicing components are opposite.

[0014] Preferably, each corrugated plate and the tube sheet are sealed by a sealing strip.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a fresh air system for a mine, comprising: a plurality of temperature sensors, a plurality of humidity sensors, a control module, a fan inverter, and a deep enthalpy heating air heat exchange device as described in any one of the first aspects; the fan inverter is electrically connected to a second fresh air fan, and is used to adjust the flow rate of the second fresh air fan by adjusting the output frequency; each temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and fan inverter is electrically connected to the control module; and a deicing component of the deep enthalpy heating air heat exchange device is electrically connected to the control module;

[0016] Temperature sensors and humidity sensors are respectively installed at the exhaust air and fresh air inlets and outlets of the dry cooling module, wet cooling module, frost cooling module and ice cooling module in the heat exchange component to monitor the temperature and humidity data of the current area and upload them to the control module;

[0017] The control module is configured to determine an adjustment amount of the fresh air required based on the received temperature data and humidity data, and to adjust the flow rate of the second fresh air fan through the frequency converter based on the adjustment amount;

[0018] The control module is also used to compare the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor at the exhaust air inlet of the wet cooling module with a preset deicing temperature threshold, and when the collected temperature value is not greater than the deicing temperature threshold, control the deicing component to operate so as to remove frost inside the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module.

[0019] Preferably, the control module is used to determine whether the temperature of the wet cooling module is in the range of -5°C to 5°C based on the received temperature data; if it is not in the temperature range of -5°C to 5°C, the output frequency of the inverter is calculated based on the data, and the inverter is controlled to operate according to the calculated output frequency.

[0020] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that in the deep enthalpy heat-taking air heat exchange device and the fresh air system for mines provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange components of the heat exchange device are divided into a dry cooling module, a wet cooling module, a frost cooling module and an ice cooling module from top to bottom, and each module is formed with an exhaust air duct that allows exhaust air to circulate from top to bottom, and a fresh air duct that allows fresh air to circulate from front to back and is not connected with the exhaust air duct; the ice cooling part sends in external cold air through the first fresh air fan, and the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module send in external cold air through the second fresh air fan, and the introduced cold air completes the heat exchange with the exhaust air in the corresponding module and is discharged to the mine air inlet through the fresh air outlet channel of the dry cooling module; in this way, exhaust air can be used for heat exchange, which not only effectively utilizes the heat of the exhaust air, but also improves the temperature of the fresh air input into the mine. In addition, the second fresh air fan corresponding to the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module is a fresh air fan with adjustable flow rate. It can condense the water vapor in the exhaust air into frost in the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module by adjusting the flow rate, and remove the condensed frost through the de-icing components provided in the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module. This not only avoids the condensed frost from clogging the exhaust air duct, but also can make full use of the heat between the freezing point temperature and the outside cold air temperature, realizes the exhaust air heat extraction below the freezing point, and greatly improves the waste heat utilization rate of the exhaust air. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device from one perspective provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device from another perspective provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of any module of the heat exchange assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 A top view of any module of the heat exchange assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 A front view of any module of the heat exchange assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a wet cooling module or a frost cooling module along an I-beam provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a deicing assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a heat exchange plate assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: exhaust air conveying component 10, exhaust air fan 11, combined air chamber 12, exhaust air inlet duct 13, heat exchange component 20, dry cooling module 21, wet cooling module 22, frost cooling module 23, ice cooling module 24, exhaust air duct 25, fresh air duct 26, module frame 27, I-beam crossbeam 271, square steel longitudinal beam 272, cubic frame structure 273, heat exchange plate group 28, heat exchange plate 281, tube sheet 2811, corrugated plate 2812, first fresh air fan 30, second fresh air fan 40, fresh air outlet duct 50, pipe box 60, de-icing component 70, first guide rail 71, second guide rail 72, first linear motor 73, second linear motor 74, motion rod 75, extrusion part 76. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0031] See also Figure 1-8 The embodiment of the present invention provides a deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device, which includes: an exhaust air conveying component 10, a heat exchange component 20, a first fresh air fan 30, a second fresh air fan 40, a fresh air outlet pipe 50 and a pipe box 60;

[0032] The heat exchange assembly 20 includes: a dry cooling module 21, a wet cooling module 22, a frost cooling module 23 and an ice cooling module 24, and the four modules are sequentially connected from top to bottom to form a rectangular parallelepiped structure. The upper end of the dry cooling module 21 is open and connected to the air outlet end of the exhaust air conveying assembly 10, and the air inlet end of the exhaust air conveying assembly 10 is connected to the exhaust air outlet of the coal mine; the dry cooling module 21, the wet cooling module 22, the frost cooling module 23 and the ice cooling module 24 all have a function of allowing the exhaust air to circulate from top to bottom. The exhaust air duct 25 and the fresh air duct 26 both have a function of circulating fresh air from the front end to the rear end, and the exhaust air duct 25 and the fresh air duct 26 are not connected; the four sides of the heat exchange component 20 are sealed by sealing plates, and a first fresh air fan 30 is provided on the side of the front end of the heat exchange component 20, at the position of the ice cooling module 24, and the air inlet end of the first fresh air fan 30 is connected to the outside air, and the air outlet end is connected to the air inlet end of the fresh air duct 26 of the ice cooling module 24; a second fresh air fan 40 is provided on the side of the front end of the heat exchange component 20, at the position of the wet cooling module 22 and the frost cooling module 23, the air inlet end of the second fresh air fan 40 is connected to the outside air, and the air outlet end is connected to the air inlet end of the fresh air duct 26 of the wet cooling module 22 and the frost cooling module 23 respectively; a fresh air outlet pipe 50 is provided on the side of the front end of the heat exchange component 20, at the position of the dry cooling module 21 The air outlet of the fresh air duct 26 of the dry cooling module 21 is connected; a pipe box 60 is provided on the side of the rear end of the heat exchange assembly 20. The air outlet ends of the fresh air ducts 26 of the wet cooling module 22, the frost cooling module 23, and the ice cooling module 24 are all connected to the interior of the pipe box 60, and the air inlet end of the fresh air duct 26 of the dry cooling module 21 is connected to the interior of the pipe box 60, so that the air after heat exchange in the wet cooling module 22, the frost cooling module 23, and the ice cooling module 24 is discharged from the fresh air outlet pipe 50;

[0033] The flow rate of the second fresh air fan 40 is adjustable, so that the water vapor in the exhaust air condenses into frost in the wet cooling module 22 and the frost cooling module 23 by adjusting the flow rate of the second fresh air fan 40; the wet cooling module 22 and the frost cooling module 24 are also provided with a deicing component 70 for removing the frost condensed in the wet cooling module 22 and the frost cooling module 23.

[0034] The exhaust air conveying assembly 10 is used to convey the exhaust air at the exhaust air outlet of the mine into the heat exchange assembly 20. Since a mine usually has multiple exhaust air outlets, in one embodiment, the exhaust air conveying assembly 10 may include N exhaust air fans 11, a combined air chamber 12, and an exhaust air inlet pipe 13. The air inlet end of each exhaust air fan 11 is used to connect to a coal mine exhaust air outlet pipeline. The combined air chamber 12 is a mixing chamber with N air inlets and 1 air outlet. Each air inlet of the combined air chamber 12 is connected to the air outlet end of a exhaust air fan 11. The air outlet end of the combined air chamber 12 is connected to one end of the exhaust air inlet pipe 13. The other end of the exhaust air inlet pipe 13 is connected to the upper end of the dry cooling module 21, so as to convey the exhaust air at the exhaust air outlet of the coal mine to the heat exchange assembly 20. Wherein, N ≥ 1.

[0035] In this embodiment, N exhaust air fans 11 are connected to each exhaust air outlet to fully utilize the exhaust air at each exhaust air outlet. A combined air chamber 12 is provided behind the exhaust air fans 11. The combined air chamber 12 is a mixing chamber with N air inlets and one air outlet. The exhaust air extracted by each exhaust air fan 11 is mixed in the combined air chamber 12 and then input into the heat exchange assembly 20 through the exhaust air inlet duct 13. In this way, the combined air chamber 12 is an independent component. When it is damaged or when a different number of air inlets are required, a different combined air chamber 12 can be replaced. There is no need to set up multiple air inlets at the air inlet of the exhaust air inlet duct 13 to connect to different exhaust air fans 11, which can greatly reduce processing and use costs. In this embodiment, the exhaust air fans 11 and the combined air chamber 12, the combined air chamber 12 and the exhaust air inlet duct 13, and the exhaust air inlet duct 13 and the heat exchange assembly 20 are all connected by bolts after attaching a sealing ring.

[0036] Each module of the heat exchange assembly 20 is mainly composed of square steel, I-beams, profile connecting pieces and heat exchange plates 281. Specifically, each of the dry cooling module 21, wet cooling module 22, frost cooling module 23 and ice cooling module 24 includes a module frame 27 and a heat exchange plate group 28; the heat exchange plate group 28 is fixedly connected to the module frame 27, and the module frame 27 is composed of square steel to form a cubic frame structure 273. The upper and lower sides of the cubic frame structure 273 are provided with a number of I-beam cross beams 271, and both sides of the cubic frame structure 273 are provided with a number of square steel longitudinal beams 272; the heat exchange plate group 28 includes a number of heat exchange plates 281 placed alternately vertically and fixedly installed, each A heat exchange plate 281 is composed of two tube sheets 2811 and a corrugated plate 2812. The upper surface of each tube sheet 2811 has a corrugated surface that fits the corrugated surface of the corrugated plate 2812. The two ends of the corrugated cross-section of the corrugated plate 2812 are fixedly connected to the tube sheet 2811 and fit the corrugated surface of the tube sheet 2811; between any two adjacent heat exchange plates 281, the lower surface of the tube sheet 2811 of the upper heat exchange plate 281 is fixedly connected to one end of the corrugated cross-section of the corrugated plate 2812 of the lower heat exchange plate 281 with a linear shape, so as to form two mutually perpendicular and non-connected channels.

[0037] In this embodiment, the module frame 27 of each module is constructed of a cubic structure made of vertical and horizontal square steel. Several I-beams 271 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the module frame 27, and several square steel longitudinal beams 272 are provided on the two side surfaces. For example, three I-beams 271 can be symmetrically provided on the upper and lower sides of the module frame 27, and three square steel longitudinal beams 272 can be symmetrically provided on the two side surfaces of the module frame 27 to serve as reinforcement. Of course, in one embodiment, the module frame 27 can also be constructed of vertical square steel columns, with the I-beams welded to the profile connectors and then bolted to the square steel at the four corners of the module frame 27. Square steel is used for reinforcement support on the two side surfaces, and I-beams are used for horizontal connection on the top and bottom surfaces.

[0038] The upper surface of the tube sheet 2811 has a corrugated surface that fits the corrugated surface of the corrugated plate 2812. Two tube sheets 2811 and one corrugated plate 2812 constitute a heat exchange plate 281, and each heat exchange plate 281 is vertically stacked and installed alternately. Figure 8As shown, a sealing strip is applied to the corrugated edge of tube sheet 2811, followed by placement of corrugated plate 2812. The corrugated plate 2812 and tube sheet 2811 are then bolted together. Of course, a corrugated fixing plate can also be placed above corrugated plate 2812, and the fixing plate, corrugated plate 2812, and tube sheet 2811 are then bolted together. Furthermore, tube sheet 2811, with an embedded sealing strip, is placed on the straight edge of corrugated plate 2812. The tube sheet 2811, corrugated plate 2812, and tube sheet 2811 are then bolted together. A sealing strip is applied to tube sheet 2811, followed by placement of corrugated plate 2812, and these are then bolted together. Tube sheets 2811 and corrugated plates 2812 are then placed and installed alternately in this manner. When the top of the I-beam is reached, the sealing strip is applied, and the four corner square steels of module frame 27 are connected to the supporting square steel. The module is then rotated so that the I-beam crossbeam 271 is parallel to the horizontal plane. In this way, the heat exchange plate group 28 which is installed by alternately stacking each other has mutually perpendicular and non-connected channels, namely the exhaust air duct 25 and the fresh air duct 26 .

[0039] Of course, it is important to note that the connections between the plates should be sealed. For example, a sealing groove can be provided on the corrugated surface of tube sheet 2811, into which a sealing strip is installed. The sealing strip has the same shape as the sealing groove of tube sheet 2811 and fits the contoured surface. Silicone is applied between the sealing strip and the contacting plate surface to ensure a tight seal between tube sheet 2811 and corrugated plate 2812.

[0040] Furthermore, to facilitate the connection and installation of corrugated plate 2812 and tube sheet 2811, and to ensure the strength of the fixed connection, a 100mm straight edge is provided on both sides of the corrugated edge at one end of the corrugated plate 2812, which has a corrugated cross-section, to securely connect the upper and lower tube sheets 2811 of the corrugated plate 2812. Furthermore, a 20mm straight edge is provided every 500±10mm along the corrugated edge to securely connect the corrugated plate 2812 to the lower tube sheet 2811; the 20mm straight edges are all located at the crest of the wave. Of course, a mounting hole should be provided below each 20mm straight edge to facilitate bolted installation. Furthermore, it is readily understood that the corrugated surface on the upper surface of the corresponding tube sheet 2811 should also be configured to correspond to that of the corrugated plate 2812, for example, a 20mm straight edge should be provided every 500±10mm to facilitate secure connection.

[0041] To ensure efficient heat exchange, the corrugated plates 2812 of the dry cooling module 21 and the ice cooling module 24 can be made of aluminum alloy. However, moisture in the exhaust air can condense into frost in the wet cooling module 22 and the frost cooling module 23. To ensure efficient heat exchange and defrost operation, the corrugated plates 2812 of the wet cooling module 22 and the frost cooling module 23 are made of thermally conductive silicone. Since thermally conductive silicone is an elastic material, the deicing assembly 70 can squeeze and deform the corrugated plates 2812 to remove frost from them.

[0042] Specifically, the de-icing assembly 70 may include: a first guide rail 71, a second guide rail 72, a first linear motor 73, a second linear motor 74, a motion rod 75 and an extrusion piece 76; the first guide rail 71 is fixedly mounted on the I-beam 271 on the upper side of the module frame 27, and the second guide rail 72 is fixedly mounted on the I-beam 271 on the lower side of the module frame 27; one end of the motion rod 75 is slidably fixed on the first guide rail 71, and the other end is slidably fixed on the second guide rail 72; the motion rod 75 includes a plurality of motion rods 75, each of which is located in an air exhaust duct 25 formed by two adjacent corrugated plates 2812, and a plurality of extrusion pieces 76 are evenly mounted on each motion rod 75; a first linear motor 73 is mounted at one end of the first guide rail 71, and a second linear motor 74 is mounted at one end of the second guide rail 72; the first linear motor 73 and the second linear motor 74 are used to drive each motion rod 75 to move along the guide rail, so as to deform the corrugated plate 2812 made of thermal conductive silicon material through the extrusion piece 76, so as to cause the frost to fall off.

[0043] In this embodiment, guide rails are installed on the upper and lower sides of the I-beam 271 on the upper side of the module frame 27, and a number of moving rods 75 that can move along the guide rails are installed between the two guide rails. In this way, the moving rod 75 is driven by a linear motor to move along the guide rail. The extrusion assembly on the moving rod 75 will squeeze the elastic corrugated plate 2812, thereby deforming the silicon material corrugated plate 2812 and causing the frost attached to the corrugated plate 2812 to fall off.

[0044] Furthermore, the de-icing assemblies 70 can include multiple groups, each mounted on the upper and lower I-beams 271 of the module frame 27, thereby improving de-icing efficiency. Furthermore, within the same time period, the motion rods 75 in two adjacent groups of de-icing assemblies 70 move in opposite directions, thereby increasing the deformation of the corrugated plate 2812 and improving de-icing efficiency.

[0045] In one embodiment, the present invention further provides a mine fresh air system, comprising: a plurality of temperature sensors, a plurality of humidity sensors, a control module, a fan inverter, and a deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device as described in any of the above embodiments; the fan inverter is electrically connected to a second fresh air fan 40, and is used to adjust the flow rate of the second fresh air fan 40 by adjusting the output frequency; each temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and fan inverter is electrically connected to the control module; and a deicing assembly 70 of the deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device is electrically connected to the control module.

[0046] Temperature sensors and humidity sensors are respectively installed at the exhaust air inlet and outlet of the dry cooling module 21, wet cooling module 22, frost cooling module 23 and ice cooling module 24 in the heat exchange component 20 to monitor the temperature and humidity data of the current area and upload them to the control module;

[0047] a control module for determining an adjustment amount of the fresh air according to the received temperature data and humidity data, and adjusting the flow rate of the second fresh air fan 40 through the frequency converter according to the adjustment amount;

[0048] The control module is also used to compare the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor at the exhaust air inlet of the wet cooling module 22 with the preset deicing temperature threshold, and when the collected temperature value is not greater than the deicing temperature threshold, control the deicing component 70 to work to remove frost inside the wet cooling module 22 and the frost cooling module 23.

[0049] In this embodiment, controlling the fresh air ratio for the three temperature zones (dry cooling module 21, wet cooling module 22, and frost cooling module 23) is a critical step, directly impacting the efficiency and stability of the generation of heated air from the fresh air. Therefore, in this embodiment, precise fresh air flow and ratio control is achieved through sensors, controllers, and fan inverters.

[0050] Specifically, the operation logic of the fresh air system may include:

[0051] (1) Temperature monitoring: First, it is necessary to install temperature and humidity sensors at various key locations, especially at the entrance and exit of the dry cooling section, wet cooling section, and frost cooling section. These sensors can monitor the temperature changes in each area in real time and provide accurate data support for the control system.

[0052] (2) Data Analysis and Decision-Making: The control module receives data from sensors and analyzes the current heat exchange efficiency and fresh air demand based on the set temperature and humidity thresholds or targets. Based on this information, the control module determines the fresh air ratio that needs to be adjusted and the specific adjustment range.

[0053] (3) Fresh air flow control: Based on the decision of the control module, the fresh air flow entering the wet cooling section and the frost cooling section is precisely controlled by adjusting the inverter of the second fresh air fan 40. The inverter can adjust the fan speed, thereby achieving fine adjustment of the fresh air flow. The first fresh air fan 30 operates at a fixed frequency, that is, it injects air into the frost cooling section at a certain flow rate.

[0054] (4) Ratio adjustment: Under certain operating modes, it may be necessary to adjust the ratio of fresh air in different temperature zones. For example, under high humidity conditions, it may be necessary to increase the ratio of fresh air passing through the wet cooling section to improve dehumidification efficiency. The control module will dynamically adjust the fresh air ratio of each temperature zone based on real-time data and preset operating strategies.

[0055] (5) Feedback and Optimization: The system continuously monitors temperature changes and fresh air efficiency in each temperature zone. If the actual effect deviates from the expected one, the control module automatically adjusts the strategy and performs feedback optimization. This process is dynamic and can be adjusted in real time based on changes in external environmental conditions and internal operating status.

[0056] Specifically, when controlling the fresh air volume, it can be achieved in the following ways:

[0057] 1. Database design and data collection

[0058] The system database consists of two parts: basic database and real-time monitoring database.

[0059] The basic database primarily stores parameters such as heat exchanger structure data, fan curves, and data on changes in humid air temperature. Fan performance parameters are obtained by plotting fan curves at different fan frequencies after fan performance testing and digitizing the curves.

[0060] The real-time monitoring database mainly stores parameters that dynamically reflect the operation of the ventilation system, including sensor data in the ventilation system (temperature, humidity, flow rate), fan operating conditions, inverter output frequency and other parameters.

[0061] 2. Control process

[0062] (1) Data measurement and storage.

[0063] The temperature, humidity and flow of the exhaust air and fresh air flowing into the heat exchanger are monitored in real time through temperature and humidity sensors and wind speed sensors and stored in the real-time monitoring database. Specifically, the values of exhaust air temperature and humidity parameters Rh1, T1 to Rh5, T5, exhaust air volume q m1 , fresh air temperature and humidity parameters Rh c1 , t1, Rh c0 , t0, fresh air volume q m2 ,q m3 .

[0064] (2) Set the set value.

[0065] The temperature range of the wet cooling part is -5℃ to 5℃, that is, the measured value of T2 cannot be lower than 5℃ to prevent the exhaust air from freezing before it flows into the wet cooling part; the measured value of T3 cannot be higher than -5℃ to prevent the exhaust air from freezing incompletely when it flows out of the wet cooling part.

[0066] In order to prevent the fresh air flowing out of the ice-cooling part and the wet-cooling part-frost-cooling part from transferring heat between the secondary cold fresh air, the temperature of the fresh air at the outlet of the wet-cooling part-frost-cooling part is set to be the same as the temperature of the fresh air at the outlet of the ice-cooling part.

[0067] (3) Control process.

[0068] When the measured value of T2 is greater than 5℃, the measured value of H2 is calculated based on the measured Rh2, T2 and the ambient atmospheric pressure P; the H is calculated based on the measured Rh2, the ambient atmospheric pressure P and the set value of 5℃. 5℃ ; According to the measured exhaust air volume q m1 With H 2实测值 、H 5℃ The required heat transfer Q is calculated as shown in Equation 2-1. The formula for calculating the enthalpy value H from temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure is shown in Equation 2-2.

[0069] Q=q m1 (H 2实测值 -H 5℃ ) (2-1)

[0070]

[0071] According to the measured Rh c1 , t1 and ambient atmospheric pressure P calculate H t1 ; According to the measured Rh c0 , t0 and ambient atmospheric pressure P calculate H t0 Since heat loss may vary during use, temporarily take 20% Q as the heat loss amount, and calculate the fresh air volume q of the wet cooling part - frost cooling part m2 As shown in formula 2-3.

[0072]

[0073] By air volume q m2 The fan speed N is determined by the fan impeller diameter D as shown in formula 2-4. φ is the flow coefficient of the fan, which needs to be obtained by fitting experimental data. For centrifugal fans, the flow coefficient is usually in the range of 0.02 to 0.09.

[0074]

[0075] Since heat loss will vary and change during use, and considering that excessive cold air supply will easily form a large amount of ice, the outlet air temperature T3 of the wet cooling part should be measured to be no less than -5℃, and the outlet air temperature T3 of the wet cooling part should be proportional to the fresh air volume q of the wet cooling part-frost cooling part. m2 The influence of is represented by λ, as shown in formula 2-5, which is determined by the difference e between the outlet air temperature T3 of the wet cooling part and -5℃ and the coefficient -k.

[0076] λ=-ke (2-5)

[0077] Calculate the inverter output frequency f by λ, fan speed N, and fan pole number M new , as shown in Formula 2-6.

[0078]

[0079] In actual configuration, the data is measured every 10 seconds, that is, control is performed every 10 seconds.

[0080] (4) Execution order

[0081] After the system of the present invention is powered on and started, in order to effectively utilize the low-temperature heat source in the exhaust air, the system will perform various actions in the following execution sequence:

[0082] 1. Power on and system self-test

[0083] Once powered on, the system first performs a self-test, including checking the status of key components such as sensors, fresh air fans, exhaust air fans 11, linear motors, and inverters to ensure that all equipment is working properly.

[0084] 2. Initialize settings.

[0085] Initialize the controller settings, including reading the preset temperature range, fan performance parameters, etc., to prepare for the next operation.

[0086] 3. Start the monitoring device.

[0087] Temperature, humidity sensors, and flow sensors begin to monitor environmental parameters at various key locations in real time, especially at the inlets and outlets of the dry cooling section, wet cooling section, frost cooling section, and ice cooling section.

[0088] 4. Data collection and analysis.

[0089] The controller receives sensor data, analyzes key parameters such as temperature and humidity of the exhaust air and fresh air, and evaluates the current heat exchange conditions.

[0090] 5. Specific implementation methods for fresh air flow and proportion control.

[0091] Use a frequency converter to control the fan speed. Through the data collected by the temperature and humidity sensors and flow sensors, combined with the control algorithms 2-1 to 2-6, adjust the speed of the fresh air fan to control the fresh air flow and proportion entering each temperature zone.

[0092] 6. Specific implementation methods of dynamic adjustment.

[0093] The system monitors changes in environmental conditions (such as temperature and humidity) in real time and uses control software to analyze this data. When a change in environmental conditions is detected, the control system automatically adjusts the fresh air flow rate and ratio according to equations 2-1 to 2-6 to adapt to the new conditions.

[0094] 7. Specific methods of defrosting and de-icing operations.

[0095] The system monitors frost and ice formation using temperature and humidity sensors in the frost and wet cooling sections. When the sensors detect that the wet cooling section inlet temperature has dropped to a set value, the control system activates the linear motor, driving the motion rod 75 back and forth on the guide rails, physically breaking up or peeling off frost and ice adhering to the corrugated plate 2812. This process is performed periodically according to the operating time setting to ensure that heat exchange efficiency is not affected by frost or ice formation.

[0096] 8. Specific strategies for anomaly detection and processing.

[0097] The system monitors the performance parameters of key components (such as fans and sensors) in real time and uses software algorithms to analyze these data within the normal operating range. If a parameter deviates from the normal range, the system will immediately identify it as an abnormal state.

[0098] For fans, check whether the power supply is normal, then check the difference between the theoretical and actual speeds. If the error exceeds 5% of the speed, it is considered an abnormal state. For sensors, check whether the power supply is normal, then compare the detection results of the same point sensor group to see if they conform to the laws of fluid mechanics and thermodynamics. If not, remove the monitoring results of the abnormal sensor to prevent it from affecting the controller's decision-making.

[0099] For detected anomalies, the system takes appropriate action based on the nature of the anomaly. A sensor failure might trigger a switchover to a backup sensor or a maintenance notification. A fan failure might cause the system to slow down or shut down the corresponding component, with a user interface prompting maintenance requirements. The system can also be configured to automatically attempt to reset or restart the failed component to restore normal operation.

[0100] 9. The system runs stably.

[0101] After a series of startup, adjustment and optimization, the system entered a stable operating state, effectively utilizing the low-temperature heat source of the exhausted air to heat the fresh air, while optimizing the response strategy of the cold and hot sources to ensure effective operation in extremely cold weather.

[0102] In summary, the deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device and mine fresh air system provided by the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0103] (1) Enhanced utilization of low-temperature heat sources: Due to the low temperature and low thermal density of exhaust air, the heat exchanger of the present invention utilizes flexible, thermally conductive silicon corrugated plates to effectively recover heat from exhaust air even under low-temperature conditions. This is particularly critical in low-temperature environments such as northern winter, effectively utilizing exhaust air as a low-temperature heat source.

[0104] (2) Optimizing strategies for dealing with cold and heat sources: The heat exchanger of this invention is designed to operate effectively in extremely cold weather, reducing the problems of frost and ice formation caused by low-temperature environments. By dividing the temperature into multiple zones, such as dry cold, wet cold, frosty cold, and ice cold, the heat exchanger can operate efficiently under different environmental conditions, especially in environments below freezing.

[0105] (3) Sealing performance optimization: By using sealing strips and sealing plates between the plate group and the unit module frame and other key connection parts, combined with silicone coating, the sealing performance of the entire heat exchanger is greatly improved, effectively preventing gas leakage, ensuring heat exchange efficiency and safe operation of the system.

[0106] (4) Convenience of maintenance and cleaning: The modular design, especially the configuration of the linear motor and motion rod in the frost cooling unit, makes frost cleaning simpler and faster. At the same time, the structural design of the heat exchange plate group makes it easy to perform maintenance or replacement of parts when necessary, reducing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0107] Since the system embodiments and device embodiments provided by the present invention are based on the same inventive concept as the device embodiments of this specification, the specific contents can be found in the description of the device embodiments of this specification and will not be repeated here.

[0108] The modules or units in the device of the embodiment of the present invention can be combined, divided, or deleted according to actual needs. The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is certainly not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that implementing all or part of the process of the above embodiment and making equivalent changes in accordance with the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device, characterized in that: The heat exchange device includes: an exhaust air conveying component, a heat exchange component, a first fresh air fan, a second fresh air fan, a fresh air outlet pipe and a pipe box; The heat exchange assembly includes: a dry cooling module, a wet cooling module, a frost cooling module and an ice cooling module, and the four modules are sequentially connected from top to bottom to form a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the upper end of the dry cooling module is open and connected with the air outlet end of the exhaust air conveying assembly, and the air inlet end of the exhaust air conveying assembly is connected to the exhaust air outlet of the coal mine; the dry cooling module, the wet cooling module, the frost cooling module and the ice cooling module all have exhaust air ducts for circulating exhaust air from top to bottom, and all have fresh air ducts for circulating fresh air from front to rear end, and the exhaust air ducts and the fresh air ducts are not connected; the four side surfaces of the heat exchange assembly are sealed by sealing plates, and a first fresh air fan is provided on the side surface of the front end of the heat exchange assembly at the position of the ice cooling module, the air inlet end of the first fresh air fan is connected with the outside air, and the air outlet end is connected with the air inlet end of the fresh air duct of the ice cooling module; A second fresh air fan is provided on the side of the front end of the heat exchange component, at the position of the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module, the air inlet end of the second fresh air fan is connected with the outside air, and the air outlet end is connected with the air inlet ends of the fresh air ducts of the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module respectively; a fresh air outlet pipe is provided on the side of the front end of the heat exchange component, at the position of the dry cooling module, one end of the fresh air outlet pipe is used to supply air to the air inlet of the coal mine, and the other end is connected with the air outlet end of the fresh air duct of the dry cooling module; a pipe box is provided on the side of the rear end of the heat exchange component, the air outlet ends of the fresh air ducts of the wet cooling module, the frost cooling module and the ice cooling module are all connected with the interior of the pipe box, and the air inlet end of the fresh air duct of the dry cooling module is connected with the interior of the pipe box, for discharging the air after heat exchange through the wet cooling module, the frost cooling module and the ice cooling module from the fresh air outlet pipe; The flow rate of the second fresh air fan is adjustable, so as to condense water vapor in the exhaust air into frost in the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module by adjusting the flow rate of the second fresh air fan; the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module are also provided with a deicing assembly for removing frost condensed in the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module; The de-icing assembly includes: a first guide rail, a second guide rail, a first linear motor, a second linear motor, a moving rod and an extrusion; the first guide rail is fixedly mounted on the I-beam on the upper side of the module frame, and the second guide rail is fixedly mounted on the I-beam on the lower side of the module frame, one end of the moving rod is slidably fixed on the first guide rail, and the other end is slidably fixed on the second guide rail, and the moving rod includes a plurality of moving rods, each of which is located in an air exhaust duct formed by two adjacent corrugated plates, and a plurality of extrusions are evenly mounted on each moving rod; the first linear motor is mounted on one end of the first guide rail, and the second linear motor is mounted on one end of the second guide rail, and the first linear motor and the second linear motor are used to drive each moving rod to move along the guide rail, so as to deform the corrugated plate made of thermal conductive silicon material through the extrusion to cause the frost to fall off.

2. The deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust air conveying component includes: N exhaust air fans, an air combining chamber and an exhaust air inlet pipe; the air inlet end of each exhaust air fan is used to connect to a coal mine exhaust air outlet pipe; the air combining chamber is a mixing chamber with N air inlets and 1 air outlet, each air inlet of the air combining chamber is connected to the air outlet end of an exhaust air fan, the air outlet end of the air combining chamber is connected to one end of the exhaust air inlet pipe, and the other end of the exhaust air inlet pipe is connected to the upper end of the dry cooling module, so as to transport the exhaust air at the coal mine exhaust air outlet to the heat exchange component; wherein, N≥1.

3. The deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the dry cooling module, wet cooling module, frost cooling module and ice cooling module, each module includes a module frame and a heat exchange plate group; the heat exchange plate group is fixedly connected to the module frame, and the module frame is composed of square steel to form a cubic frame structure, and the upper and lower sides of the cubic frame structure are provided with a number of I-beams, and both sides of the three-dimensional frame structure are provided with a number of square steel longitudinal beams; the heat exchange plate group includes a number of heat exchange plates placed vertically alternately and fixedly installed, and each heat exchange plate is composed of two tube plates and a corrugated plate, and the upper surface of each tube plate has a corrugated surface that fits the corrugated surface of the corrugated plate, and the two ends of the corrugated cross section of the corrugated plate are fixedly connected to the tube plate respectively and fit the corrugated surface of the tube plate; between any two adjacent heat exchange plates, the lower surface of the tube plate of the upper heat exchange plate is fixedly connected to one end of the linear cross section of the corrugated plate of the lower heat exchange plate to form two mutually perpendicular and non-connected channels.

4. The deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The corrugated plate has a corrugated cross-section and one end thereof is a corrugated edge. Both sides of the corrugated edge are provided with 100 mm straight edges for fixing and connecting the upper and lower tube sheets of the corrugated plate. A 20 mm straight edge is provided every 500 ± 10 mm along the direction of the corrugated edge for fixing and connecting the corrugated plate and the tube sheet at the lower end. The 20 mm straight edges are all provided at the wave crests.

5. The deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The corrugated plates of the dry cooling module and the ice cooling module are made of aluminum alloy material, and the corrugated plates of the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module are made of thermal conductive silicon material.

6. The deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The deicing components include several groups, which are respectively arranged on the I-beams on the upper and lower sides of the module frame. In the same time period, the movement directions of the movement rods in two adjacent groups of deicing components are opposite.

7. The deep enthalpy heat extraction air heat exchange device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each corrugated plate and tube sheet is sealed by a sealing strip.

8. A fresh air system for mines, characterized in that: include: A plurality of temperature sensors, a plurality of humidity sensors, a control module, a fan inverter, and a deep enthalpy heating air heat exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the fan inverter is electrically connected to a second fresh air fan, and is used to adjust the flow rate of the second fresh air fan by adjusting the output frequency; each temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and fan inverter is electrically connected to the control module; a deicing component of the deep enthalpy heating air heat exchange device is electrically connected to the control module; Temperature sensors and humidity sensors are respectively installed at the exhaust air and fresh air inlets and outlets of the dry cooling module, wet cooling module, frost cooling module and ice cooling module in the heat exchange component to monitor the temperature and humidity data of the current area and upload them to the control module; The control module is configured to determine an adjustment amount of the fresh air required based on the received temperature data and humidity data, and to adjust the flow rate of the second fresh air fan through the frequency converter based on the adjustment amount; The control module is also used to compare the temperature data collected by the temperature sensor at the exhaust air inlet of the wet cooling module with a preset deicing temperature threshold, and when the collected temperature value is not greater than the deicing temperature threshold, control the deicing component to operate so as to remove frost inside the wet cooling module and the frost cooling module.

9. The mine fresh air system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The control module is used to determine whether the temperature of the wet cooling module is within the range of -5°C to 5°C based on the received temperature data; if it is not within the temperature range of -5°C to 5°C, the output frequency of the inverter is calculated based on the data, and the inverter is controlled to operate according to the calculated output frequency.

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