A beam coverage method for ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in high-speed mobile scenarios

Abstract

A beam coverage method, system, device and medium in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario. The method comprises: using the tangential error range of a high-speed mobile user to calculate the lower limit of the beam width; using the beam receiving power calculation formula to derive the formula of the transmission power represented by the receiving power, using an approximate simplification method to obtain the ideal receiving power, and obtaining the upper limit of the beam width according to a set threshold; selecting a synthetic beam width that meets the upper and lower limits of the beam width, obtaining a comprehensive coefficient, and weighting the adjustment vector to obtain a weighted vector of a synthetic beam former; the system, device and medium are used to implement a beam coverage method in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario; the present invention has the advantages of good stability, low calculation complexity, strong real-time performance of beam width adjustment and good reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of intelligent transportation communication technology, and in particular to a beam coverage method in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario. Background Art

[0002] Wireless communication technology in intelligent transportation is a current research hotspot. The high demand for communication quality and sensor accuracy in intelligent transportation forces the increase of wireless frequency bands, so as to make more efficient use of a larger bandwidth range. At present, the millimeter wave band has become an inevitable choice after the 5G era; on the one hand, with the continuous increase in frequency, the attenuation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere increases rapidly, and the communication system must use a larger array formed by more antennas at the base station to provide greater spatial gain to compensate for the attenuation; on the other hand, although the increase in bandwidth can improve the sensor accuracy in the distance dimension, it still relies on a larger aperture array in the angle domain.

[0003] Very large-scale MIMO systems have the characteristics of ultra-large bandwidth, ultra-narrow beams, and mixed near and far fields, which can easily cause beam splitting problems. There are currently some solutions to overcome beam splitting, but ultimately they all require beamforming on extremely high-frequency narrow bands. However, the beams of very large-scale MIMO systems are highly directional due to the large number of array elements, which will bring two problems to wireless communications in the field of intelligent transportation. First, in order to cover users and reduce the probability of communication interruption, the main beam (-3dB width) must cover a certain range of users as much as possible. In recent years, roadside device sensing and vehicle self-positioning technology have made it possible to estimate and predict beam width.

[0004] Some recent studies have shown that beam alignment is not enough to solve the problem of effective beam coverage. Beam width prediction is also the key to ensure stable communication. The near-field effect of ultra-large-scale MIMO systems is very obvious. The distance covered by the same beam width in the far field and near field varies greatly. Therefore, the high mobility of users in intelligent transportation scenarios requires real-time adjustment of beam width, and real-time adjustment must be based on the user's position and motion state; JG Cao, R. Jiang, YY Xu et al. proposed an optimal position beam width adjustment strategy suitable for high-speed train communications in "Position-aware Uplink Beamwidth Adjustment Scheme of Massive MIMO for High-Speed ​​Railway Communications" International Conference on Communication Software and Networks. pp. 303-308, 2019., which ensures the maximum beam directivity index and gives the expression of the optimal beam width; in view of the characteristics of high-speed train communication systems, X. Chen, J. Lu, T. Li et al. proposed an optimal position beam width adjustment strategy suitable for high-speed train communications in "Directivity-Beamwidth Tradeoffof Massive MIMO Uplink Beamforming for High Speed ​​Train Communications" International Conference on Communication Software and Networks. pp. 303-308, 2019. Communication,” IEEE Access, vol. 5, pp. 5936-5946, 2017, 2017, analyzed the trade-off between beam directivity and beamwidth of massive MIMO systems, and proposed an optimal adaptive beam prediction scheme. However, these studies did not consider the beam coverage model of high channel loss in millimeter-wave ultra-large-scale MIMO communications; on the other hand, the ultra-narrow beam characteristics of ultra-large-scale MIMO systems can bring higher beam directivity, which helps to improve sensing resolution and communication distance; however, the narrow main beam width cannot cover high-speed mobile users in the near field. Hybrid beamforming schemes such as phase shifters or time slicing are the simplest digital beamforming methods. How to calculate the weight vector of ultra-large-scale arrays under a specified beamwidth is still an unresolved problem. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a beam coverage method, system, device and medium in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario, wherein the upper and lower limits of the beam width are obtained by calculation, and the beam width of the synthetic beam is determined according to the upper and lower limits of the beam width, and then the normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function is used to obtain the comprehensive coefficient, and the adjustment vector is weighted to achieve beam coverage of high-speed mobile user communications, which has the advantages of good stability, low computational complexity, strong real-time adjustment of beam width and good reliability.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A beam coverage method in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Calculate the lower limit of the beam width using the tangential error range of the high-speed mobile user;

[0009] Step 2: Use the beam receiving power calculation formula under ideal conditions to derive the formula for the transmit power represented by the received power, use an approximate simplification method to obtain the ideal received power, and obtain the upper limit of the beam width according to the set threshold;

[0010] Step 3: Select the beam width of the synthetic beam that meets the upper and lower limits of the beam width obtained in steps 1 and 2, use the normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function to obtain the comprehensive coefficient, weight the adjustment vector to obtain the weighted vector of the synthetic beamformer to meet the beam coverage of high-speed mobile user communications.

[0011] The step 1 is specifically:

[0012] Assume that the tangential distance of the mobile user that the beam can cover is: Assume that the tangential error range of the mobile user is L tan , then the tangential distance of the mobile user that the beam can cover is greater than or equal to the tangential error range L required by the mobile user tan ,Right now Then the lower limit of the beam width is:

[0013] The step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 2.1: Integrate the user receiving power calculation formula under ideal conditions to obtain the transmit power calculation formula, which is:

[0015] Assume that the received power of the user at the coordinate position (θ, r) is as shown in formula (1):

[0016] PI (θ,r)=P s B 2 (θ,r) (1)

[0017] In formula (1), P s represents the transmit power, B(θ,r) represents the beam response of the user at the coordinate position (θ,r);

[0018] Integrating formula (1) yields:

[0019] ∫ A P I (θ,r)dθdr=∫ A P s B 2 (θ,r)dθdr (2)

[0020] ∫ A |B(θ,r)| 2 dθdr=1 (3)

[0021] In formula (2) and formula (3), A represents all areas where the signal can be received;

[0022] The total transmitted power is shown in formula (4):

[0023] P s =∫ A P I (θ,r)dθdr (4)

[0024] Step 2.2: Using the properties of integration and the concept of beam width, simplify the transmit power calculation formula in step 2.1 to obtain an integral formula only about the angle, and approximate the main lobe power and side lobe power to obtain the user received power under ideal conditions, specifically:

[0025] According to formula (4), the total transmitted power is represented by the main lobe power and the side lobe power, as shown in formula (5):

[0026]

[0027] In formula (5), A ML Represents the main lobe area with a width of -3dB, Represents the sidelobe area with a width of -3dB, With A ML They are complementary regions, then formula (5) can be simplified as:

[0028]

[0029] In formula (6), Θ ML represents the main lobe angle sector, Θ SLRepresents the sidelobe angle sector.

[0030] The main lobe power is theoretically expressed as: The sidelobe power is theoretically expressed as: The total transmitted power is shown in formula (7):

[0031]

[0032] The received power of the user in the ideal case is shown in formula (8):

[0033]

[0034] Step 2.3: Considering the channel loss, set the user's single antenna power threshold to obtain the upper limit of the beam width, which is:

[0035] In actual scenarios, the ideal received power is the power received by the user after the signal is attenuated. For a single antenna, the received power satisfies: P I (θ 0 )·|β(r 0 )|≥η, where η represents the user's single antenna power threshold, then: Then the upper limit of the beam width is shown in formula (9):

[0036]

[0037] The step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step 3.1: Select the beam width of the synthetic beam that satisfies the upper and lower limits of the beam width obtained in step 1 and step 2. The required number of beams N is obtained by using the fixed beam width of conventional beamforming. The required number of beams N is shown in formula (10):

[0039]

[0040] In formula (10), ceil[·] represents the upward rounding function;

[0041] Step 3.2: Use the beam pointing angle of the synthetic beam and the fixed beam formed by N conventional beams to obtain the pointing angles of N beams, that is: θ 1 ,θ 2 ,L,θ N ;

[0042] Step 3.3: Use the weighted vector calculation formula of conventional beamforming and the pointing angles of N beams to obtain N adjustment vectors, namely: w(θ 1 ),w(θ 2 ),L,w(θ N );

[0043] Step 3.4: Use the normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function to obtain the comprehensive coefficient, that is: α 1 ,α 2 ,L,α N ;

[0044] Step 3.5: Calculate the weight vector of the synthetic beamformer to meet the beam coverage requirements of high-speed mobile user communications, as shown in equation (12):

[0045]

[0046] A beam coverage system in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario, comprising:

[0047] A beam width lower limit generation module is used to calculate the lower limit of the beam width in combination with the tangential error range of the high-speed mobile user;

[0048] A beam width upper limit generation module is used to obtain the upper limit of the beam width according to a set threshold;

[0049] A comprehensive coefficient generation module is used to select the upper and lower limits of the beam width and obtain the comprehensive coefficient using a normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function;

[0050] The weight vector generation module is used to obtain the weight vector of the synthetic beamformer.

[0051] A beam coverage device in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario, comprising:

[0052] A memory storing a computer program for a beam coverage method in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario, which is a computer-readable device;

[0053] A processor is used to implement the beam coverage method in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario when executing the computer program.

[0054] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, can implement the beam coverage method in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario.

[0055] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0056] 1. The present invention takes channel loss into consideration, obtains the upper and lower limits of the beam width through calculation, determines the beam width of the synthetic beam according to the upper and lower limits of the beam width, and then uses the normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function to obtain the comprehensive coefficient, and weights the adjustment vector to achieve beam coverage for high-speed mobile user communications, which can effectively reduce the probability of communication interruption and has the advantage of good stability.

[0057] 2. The present invention obtains a comprehensive coefficient by using a normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function to obtain a weighted vector of a synthetic beamformer, which has low computational complexity and can ensure the real-time performance of beam width adjustment.

[0058] 3. The present invention obtains a synthetic beam that meets the beam width requirements by weighting the beam of conventional beamforming using the comprehensive coefficient obtained by the normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function, thereby solving the problem that the main lobe width cannot cover high-speed mobile users in the near field, thereby improving the reliability of communication.

[0059] In summary, the present invention obtains the upper and lower limits of the beam width by calculation, determines the beam width of the synthetic beam according to the upper and lower limits of the beam width, obtains the comprehensive coefficient by using the normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function, and weights the adjustment vector to achieve beam coverage for high-speed mobile user communications. The present invention has the advantages of good stability, low computational complexity, strong real-time adjustment of beam width, and good reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the method steps of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 2 Normalized beam response diagram for existing conventional beamforming.

[0062] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a normalized beam response diagram of the synthetic beamformer of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of power distribution of channel loss when using existing conventional beamforming. FIG.

[0064] Figure 5 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of power distribution of channel loss when the synthetic beamformer is used in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0066] refer to Figure 1 , a beam coverage method in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario, comprising the following steps:

[0067] Step 1: Calculate the lower limit of the beam width using the tangential error range of the high-speed mobile user;

[0068] Step 2: Use the beam receiving power calculation formula under ideal conditions to derive the formula for the transmit power represented by the received power, use an approximate simplification method to obtain the ideal received power, and obtain the upper limit of the beam width according to the set threshold;

[0069] Step 3, select the beam width of the synthetic beam that meets the upper and lower limits of the beam width obtained in step 1 and step 2, use the normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function to obtain the comprehensive coefficient, weight the adjustment vector to obtain the weighted vector of the synthetic beam former, so as to meet the beam coverage of high-speed mobile user communication; the present invention takes into account the channel loss, obtains the upper and lower limits of the beam width by calculation, determines the beam width of the synthetic beam according to the upper and lower limits of the beam width, and then uses the normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function to obtain the comprehensive coefficient, and weights the adjustment vector to achieve beam coverage of high-speed mobile user communication, which can effectively reduce the probability of communication interruption and has the advantage of good stability.

[0070] In step 1, the lower limit of the beam width is calculated using the tangential error range of the mobile user, specifically:

[0071] Assume that the tangential distance of the mobile user that the beam can cover is: Assume that the tangential error range of the mobile user is L tan , then the tangential distance of the mobile user that the beam can cover is greater than or equal to the tangential error range L required by the mobile user tan ,Right now Then the lower limit of the beam width is:

[0072] In step 2, the formula for the transmit power represented by the received power is derived using the beam received power calculation formula under ideal conditions, the ideal received power is obtained using an approximate simplification method, and the upper limit of the beam width is obtained according to the set threshold, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0073] Step 2.1: Integrate the user receiving power calculation formula under ideal conditions to obtain the transmit power calculation formula, which is:

[0074] Assume that the received power of the user at the coordinate position (θ, r) is as shown in formula (1):

[0075] P I (θ,r)=P s B 2 (θ,r) (1)

[0076] In formula (1), P s represents the transmit power, B(θ,r) represents the beam response of the user at the coordinate position (θ,r);

[0077] Integrating formula (1) yields:

[0078] ∫ A P I (θ,r)dθdr=∫ A P s B 2 (θ,r)dθdr (2)

[0079] ∫ A |B(θ,r)| 2 dθdr=1 (3)

[0080] In formula (2) and formula (3), A represents all areas where the signal can be received;

[0081] The total transmitted power is shown in formula (4):

[0082] P s =∫ A P I (θ,r)dθdr (4)

[0083] Step 2.2: Using the properties of integration and the concept of beam width, simplify the transmit power calculation formula in step 2.1 to obtain an integral formula only about the angle, and approximate the main lobe power and side lobe power to obtain the user received power under ideal conditions, specifically:

[0084] According to formula (4), the total transmitted power is expressed in terms of main lobe power and side lobe power, as shown in formula (5):

[0085]

[0086] In formula (5), A ML Represents the main lobe area with a width of -3dB, Represents the sidelobe area with a width of -3dB, With A ML They are complementary regions, then formula (5) can be simplified as:

[0087]

[0088] In formula (6), Θ ML represents the main lobe angle sector, Θ SL Represents the sidelobe angle sector.

[0089] The main lobe power is theoretically expressed as: The sidelobe power is theoretically expressed as: The total transmitted power is shown in formula (7):

[0090]

[0091] The received power of the user in the ideal case is shown in formula (8):

[0092]

[0093] The present invention obtains a synthetic beam that meets the beam width requirement by weighting the beam of conventional beamforming using a comprehensive coefficient obtained by a normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function, thereby solving the problem that the main lobe width cannot cover high-speed mobile users in the near field, thereby improving the reliability of communication.

[0094] Step 2.3: Considering the channel loss, set the user's single antenna power threshold to obtain the upper limit of the beam width, which is:

[0095] In actual scenarios, the ideal received power is the power received by the user after the signal is attenuated. For a single antenna, the received power satisfies: P I (θ 0 )·|β(r 0 )|≥η, where η represents the user's single antenna power threshold, then: Then the upper limit of the beam width is shown in formula (9):

[0096]

[0097] In step 3, the beam width of the synthetic beam that meets the upper and lower limits of the beam width obtained in step 1 and step 2 is selected, a comprehensive coefficient is obtained by using a normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function, and the adjustment vector is weighted to obtain a weighted vector of the synthetic beam former to meet the beam coverage of high-speed mobile users, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0098] Step 3.1: Select the beam width of the synthetic beam that satisfies the upper and lower limits of the beam width obtained in step 1 and step 2. and the fixed beamwidth θ of conventional beamforming BS The required number of beams N is obtained, and the required number of beams N is shown in formula (10):

[0099]

[0100] In formula (10), ceil[·] represents the upward rounding function;

[0101] Step 3.2: Use the beam pointing angle of the synthetic beam and the fixed beam formed by N conventional beams to obtain the pointing angles of N beams, that is: θ 1,θ 2 ,L,θ N ;

[0102] Step 3.3: Use the weighted vector calculation formula of conventional beamforming and the pointing angles of N beams to obtain N adjustment vectors, namely: w(θ 1 ),w(θ 2 ),L,w(θ N );

[0103] Step 3.4: Use the normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function to obtain the comprehensive coefficient, that is: α 1 ,α 2 ,L,α N ;

[0104] Step 3.5: Calculate the weight vector of the synthetic beamformer to meet the beam coverage requirements of high-speed mobile user communications, as shown in equation (12):

[0105]

[0106] The invention determines the beam width of a synthetic beam that meets the upper and lower limits of the beam width, and uses a normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function to obtain a comprehensive coefficient to obtain a weighted vector of a synthetic beam former. The calculation complexity is low and the real-time performance of beam width adjustment can be ensured.

[0107] A beam coverage system in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario, comprising:

[0108] A beam width lower limit generation module is used to calculate the lower limit of the beam width in combination with the tangential error range of the high-speed mobile user;

[0109] A beam width upper limit generation module is used to obtain the upper limit of the beam width according to a set threshold;

[0110] A comprehensive coefficient generation module is used to select the upper and lower limits of the beam width and obtain the comprehensive coefficient using a normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function;

[0111] The weight vector generation module is used to obtain the weight vector of the synthetic beamformer.

[0112] A beam coverage device in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario, comprising:

[0113] A memory storing a computer program for a beam coverage method in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario, which is a computer-readable device;

[0114] A processor is used to implement the beam coverage method in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario when executing the computer program.

[0115] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, can implement the beam coverage method in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario.

[0116] In one embodiment provided by the present invention, a 0.5-meter-long array consisting of 300 antennas with a half-wavelength spacing is simulated, and the center frequency of the array is 90 GHz. It is assumed that a single user is located in the near field area, and its position is approximately (20°, 400 m). Through simulation experiments, the normalized beam response diagram of the prior art can be obtained as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the normalized beam response of the present invention is as follows Figure 3 As shown, from Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 It can be seen from the figure that the main lobe of the existing conventional beamforming is extremely narrow, and the beam width is approximately 0.36°. The beam width obtained by the present invention is 2.88°. Since the synthetic beam is the superposition of different narrow beams, the side lobe of the integrated beam is relatively high. The power distribution of the channel loss when using the existing conventional beamforming is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the power distribution of the channel loss using the synthetic beamformer of the present invention is as follows Figure 5 As shown, from Figure 4 as well as Figure 5 It can be seen that the narrow main lobe width of the prior art provides higher power to the main lobe area and eliminates channel loss, thereby obtaining higher power at a farther distance. The increase in the main lobe width of the synthetic beam increases the coverage area, but reduces the main lobe power at a farther distance. Compared with the existing beamforming technology, the power consumption of the synthetic beam of the present invention is lower.

Claims

1. A beam coverage method in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Calculate the lower limit of the beam width using the tangential error range of the high-speed mobile user; Step 2: Use the user received power calculation formula under ideal conditions to derive the formula for the transmit power represented by the received power, use an approximate simplification method to obtain the ideal received power, and obtain the upper limit of the beam width according to the set threshold; The step 2 specifically comprises the following steps: Step 2.1: Integrate the user receiving power calculation formula under ideal conditions to obtain the transmit power calculation formula, which is: Assume that the received power of the user at the coordinate position (θ, r) is as shown in formula (1): P I (θ,r)=P s B 2 (θ,r) (1) In formula (1), P s represents the transmit power, B(θ,r) represents the beam response of the user at the coordinate position (θ,r); Integrating formula (1) yields: ∫ A P I (θ,r)dθdr=∫ A P s B 2 (θ,r)dθdr (2) ∫ A |B(θ,r)| 2 dθdr=1 (3) In formula (2) and formula (3), A represents all areas where the signal can be received; Then the transmission power is as shown in formula (4): P s =∫ A P I (θ,r)dθdr (4) Step 2.2: Using the properties of integration and the concept of beam width, simplify the transmit power calculation formula in step 2.1 to obtain an integral formula only about the angle, and approximate the main lobe power and side lobe power to obtain the user received power under ideal conditions, specifically: According to formula (4), the transmit power is expressed in terms of main lobe power and side lobe power, as shown in formula (5): In formula (5), A ML Represents the main lobe area with a width of -3dB, Represents the sidelobe area with a width of -3dB, With A ML They are complementary regions, then formula (5) can be simplified as: In formula (6), Θ ML represents the main lobe angle sector, Θ SL represents the sidelobe angle sector; The main lobe power is theoretically expressed as: The sidelobe power is theoretically expressed as: Then the transmission power is as shown in formula (7): The received power of the user in the ideal case is shown in formula (8): Step 2.3: Considering the channel loss, set the user's single antenna power threshold to obtain the upper limit of the beam width, which is: In actual scenarios, the ideal received power is the power received by the user after the signal is attenuated. For a single antenna, the received power satisfies: P I (θ0)·|β(r0)|≥η, where η represents the user's single antenna power threshold, then: Then the upper limit of the beam width is shown in formula (9): Step 3: Select the beam width of the synthetic beam that meets the upper and lower limits of the beam width obtained in step 1 and step 2, use the normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function to obtain the comprehensive coefficient, and weight the adjustment vector to obtain the weight vector of the synthetic beamformer to meet the beam coverage of high-speed mobile user communication; The step 3 specifically comprises the following steps: Step 3.1: The beam width θ of the synthetic beam selected to meet the upper and lower limits of the beam width obtained in step 1 and step 2 -3dB and the fixed beamwidth θ of conventional beamforming BS The required number of beams N is obtained, and the required number of beams N is shown in formula (10): In formula (10), ceil[·] represents the upward rounding function; Step 3.2: Use the beam pointing angle of the synthetic beam and the fixed beam formed by N conventional beams to obtain the pointing angles of N beams, that is, θ1, θ2, …, θ N ; Step 3.3: Use the weighted vector calculation formula of conventional beamforming and the pointing angles of N beams to obtain N adjustment vectors, namely: w(θ1), w(θ2), …, w(θ N ); Step 3.4: Use the normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function to obtain the comprehensive coefficients, namely: α1, α2, …, α N ; Step 3.5: Calculate the weight vector of the synthetic beamformer to meet the beam coverage requirements of high-speed mobile user communications, as shown in equation (12):

2. The beam coverage method in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 1 is specifically as follows: Assume that the tangential distance of the mobile user covered by the beam is: θ -3dB r, assuming the tangential error range of the mobile user is L tan , then the tangential distance of the mobile user that the beam can cover is greater than or equal to the tangential error range L of the mobile user tan , that is, θ -3dB r≥L tan , then the lower limit of the beam width is:

3. A beam coverage system in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario based on the method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: include: A beam width lower limit generation module is used to calculate the lower limit of the beam width in combination with the tangential error range of the high-speed mobile user; A beam width upper limit generation module is used to obtain the upper limit of the beam width according to a set threshold; A comprehensive coefficient generation module is used to select the upper and lower limits of the beam width and obtain the comprehensive coefficient using the normalized Dolph-Chebyshev window function; The weight vector generation module is used to obtain the weight vector of the synthetic beamformer.

4. A beam coverage device in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario, characterized in that: include: A memory storing a computer program of a beam coverage method in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario as described in any one of claims 1 to 2, which is a computer-readable device; A processor is used to implement the beam coverage method in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario as described in any one of claims 1-2 when executing the computer program.

5. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it can implement the beam coverage method in ultra-large-scale MIMO communication in a high-speed mobile scenario as described in any one of claims 1-2.

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