A transplanting method for improving survival rate of large trees

Abstract

The application discloses a transplanting method for improving survival rate of large trees, and relates to the technical field of garden engineering. The method comprises the following steps: S1, digging an observation ditch at the vertical position of the crown width, or first detecting the root system by using a root system radar and then digging the observation ditch, and observing the root system growth activity of the large tree; S2, pruning the large tree, wherein the crown width diameter after pruning is not less than 90% of the original crown width, and the inner cavity branches and the weak branches are cut; S3, digging a soil ball outer edge ditch along the tree crown projection line, gradually reducing the soil ball diameter and reserving the root system; the soil ball diameter is 1.5-5 times of the breast diameter of the large tree, and the soil ball diameter is less than or equal to 2 m; S4, wrapping the soil ball and the root system, and avoiding damage to the root system; the root system thickness is not less than one third of the soil ball diameter; and S5, digging a planting hole and planting. The application reduces water loss of the large tree, increases water absorption capacity of the large tree, guarantees water balance of the large tree, shortens the recovery period of the large tree, and improves the survival rate of the large tree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of landscape engineering technology, and in particular to a transplantation method for improving the survival rate of large trees. Background Technology

[0002] In landscaping projects, trees with a diameter greater than 20cm or shrubs with a crown diameter greater than 200cm are generally referred to as large trees. When relocating large trees, they are usually moved with a root ball or bare-root. When moving with a root ball, the diameter of the root ball is generally 6 to 8 times the trunk diameter at breast height (DBH), and the larger the DBH, the larger the root ball.

[0003] This traditional method of transplanting large trees with their root balls often severs the root system outside the root ball, cutting off more than 80% of the tree's absorbing roots. Less than 20% of the effective absorbing roots remain inside the root ball, easily causing an imbalance in the tree's water supply. This results in high transpiration rates and low root water absorption capacity, making recovery difficult and prolonging. It also increases the risk of localized dieback or even death of main branches and trunks, leading to a low survival rate after transplanting. Furthermore, current methods require pre-transplanting root pruning, which lengthens the preparation time and makes it difficult to meet project schedule requirements. Often, transplanting occurs before sufficient root pruning time has been reached, further reducing survival rates and prolonging the recovery period.

[0004] Existing technologies reduce root recovery time by increasing the size of the root ball, but increasing the size of the root ball will cause transportation difficulties and significantly increase costs. In addition, the original large trees in urban renewal projects have complex growing environments and usually have relatively small planting holes, so the increase in the size of the root ball is limited and it is difficult to solve the problems of long recovery period and low survival rate of transplanted large trees. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to at least solve one of the aforementioned technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a transplanting method that improves the survival rate of large trees, comprising the steps of pruning the tree, digging a root ball, wrapping the root ball, and preparing the planting pit. This method uses a smaller root ball to retain as many fibrous roots as possible, as the fibrous root sprouting ability is significantly enhanced compared to large roots, thus significantly shortening the recovery period of the transplanted tree and improving the survival rate of transplanted trees within the same relocation period.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] This invention provides a method for improving the survival rate of large trees during transplantation, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Dig an observation trench at the vertical position of the crown, or first use root radar to detect the root system before digging the observation trench to observe the growth activity of the tree's root system;

[0009] S2. Pruning the large tree, the crown diameter after pruning is not less than 90% of the original crown diameter, and the inner cavity branches and weak branches are pruned;

[0010] S3. Digging a soil ball outer edge ditch along the tree crown projection line, gradually reducing the soil ball diameter and retaining the root system; the soil ball diameter is 1.5-5 times of the large tree breast diameter, and the soil ball diameter is less than or equal to 2m;

[0011] S4. Wrapping the soil ball and the root system, and avoiding damage to the root system; the root system thickness is not less than one third of the soil ball diameter;

[0012] S5. Digging a planting hole and planting.

[0013] The application prunes the large tree, prunes the inner cavity branches and weak branches, and removes most of the leaves, which can reduce water evaporation and improve the survival rate of the large tree on the one hand, and facilitate binding and facilitate transportation on the other hand. At the same time, the size of the soil ball is controlled in step S2, and the root system is retained as much as possible, and the root system left by the soil removal is wrapped outside to form a certain thickness, and the thickness is not less than one third of the soil ball diameter, which can increase the water absorption capacity of the large tree, shorten the recovery period of the large tree, and improve the survival rate of the large tree after migration under the same migration period.

[0014] In addition, the part of the large tree with water absorption capacity is the root tip part, and these root hairs are usually mainly distributed away from the trunk. The application enlarges the soil ball during excavation, i.e. the soil ball outer edge ditch with a large excavation range, and then reduces the soil ball diameter under the premise of retaining as much root hair as possible, i.e. removing soil and retaining roots during soil ball reduction, thereby reducing the transplantation cost, shortening the recovery period, and improving the survival rate.

[0015] At the same time, the application observes the root system distribution of the large tree first to obtain the distribution of the root hair, thereby retaining the root hair of the large tree to the maximum extent, further shortening the recovery period, and improving the survival rate.

[0016] The method of the application retains more root system than the traditional transplantation method, and retains more root hair (capillary absorption root) than the traditional transplantation method, avoids the time of one year or more for staged root cutting and root cultivation, shortens the whole large tree transplantation period, and improves the survival rate of the large tree after transplantation under the same migration period.

[0017] The tree crown projection line in step S3 is a normal projection line, i.e. the crown vertical position. The root system thickness in step S4 refers to the thickness exhibited after fixing the root system without soil ball wrapping outside the soil ball, i.e. the root system thickness after wrapping.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, in the step S1, the root system radar is a TRU large tree root system detector. The root system is detected by using the TRU large tree root system detector, and the distribution of the root system is analyzed, which can be used as a reference for field observation.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present application, in the step S1, the observation ditch depth is 30-50 cm, and the width is 15-25 cm.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present application, in the step S2, the crown diameter after pruning is 90-100% of the original crown diameter.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, in the step S2, the crown diameter after pruning is 2-9 m.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present application, in the step S2, the remaining leaf amount of the large tree after pruning is 4-6% of the original leaf amount.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, in the step S2, the remaining leaf amount of the large tree after pruning is 4.5-5.5% of the original leaf amount.

[0024] By further controlling the remaining leaf amount after pruning, the present application reduces the water transpiration amount brought by the leaf surface, thereby minimizing the transpiration amount of the large tree, ensuring the water balance of the large tree, and further shortening the recovery period and improving the survival rate.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present application, in the step S2, the pruning process removes the overgrown branches, inner cavity branches and shaded branches, and removes the terminal branches with a diameter of less than 5 cm.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present application, in the step S3, the outer edge ditch of the soil ball is a circular ring type deep ditch.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present application, in the step S3, the outer edge ditch of the soil ball is a ring ditch with a depth of 80-120 cm and a width of 50-60 cm.

[0028] In some specific embodiments of the present application, in the step S3, the width of the outer edge ditch of the soil ball is widened along the tree crown projection line towards the trunk.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present application, in the step S3, the diameter of the soil ball is 1.5-4 times the diameter at breast height of the large tree, for example, 1.5 times, 2 times, 3 times or 4 times.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, in the step S3, the diameter of the soil ball is 1.5-3.7 times the diameter at breast height of the large tree.

[0031] The diameter of the soil ball in step S3 refers to the diameter of the soil ball without roots.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the soil ball in step S3 is ≤2 m.

[0033] Controlling the diameter of the soil ball to be ≤2 m facilitates transportation and is conducive to the recovery of the large tree.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the soil ball in step S3 is 0.9-2 m.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the soil ball in step S3 is 0.9-1.6 m.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the roots in step S4 is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the diameter of the soil ball.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, the coverage of the roots retained in step S3 is not less than 1:1 of the root canopy ratio of the crown diameter after pruning in step S2.

[0038] By controlling the root canopy ratio of the large tree, the water absorption capacity of the large tree is further increased, the transpiration loss of water is reduced, the recovery period of the large tree after transplantation is shortened, and the survival rate of the large tree after transplantation is improved.

[0039] The coverage of the roots refers to the coverage in the stretched state of the roots.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present application, the coverage of the roots retained in step S3 is 1:(1-2) of the root canopy ratio of the crown diameter after pruning in step S2.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the coverage of the roots retained in step S3 is 1:(1-1.1) of the root canopy ratio of the crown diameter after pruning in step S2.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present application, the process of reducing the diameter of the soil ball in step S3 comprises the following steps:

[0043] The soil without roots is removed from the outer edge of the soil ball to the center of the trunk.

[0044] Alternatively, the soil ball is divided into 2n equal parts, and the soil is removed at intervals; wherein n≥2 and n is an integer.

[0045] In the process of dividing the soil ball into 2n equal parts and removing the soil at intervals, if it is found that roots are distributed, other equal parts can not be removed to reduce the workload.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, the soil ball is divided into 6-8 equal parts, and the soil is removed at intervals.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, the damaged and weakly grown tree roots are cut and trimmed to the same height and coated with a protective agent in step S3.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the soil ball is wrapped with a steel mesh in step S4; and the root system is wrapped with a wet geotextile.

[0049] In the process of wrapping the soil ball, the root system is uniformly fixed outside the steel mesh through the mesh or gap; and the root system outside the steel mesh is wrapped with a wet geotextile to protect and moisturize.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, after the soil ball is wrapped in step S4, the following steps are further included:

[0051] The large tree is supported and lifted by a lifting rope; the soil at the bottom of the soil ball is excavated to cut off the tree roots; the support is removed and the tree trunk is laid down; the tree roots at the bottom of the soil ball that are not wrapped are trimmed to the same height and coated with a protective agent.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the root system is distributed in the planting hole in step S5.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the planting hole is 60-100 cm larger than the diameter of the soil ball in step S5.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the planting hole is 80-90 cm larger than the diameter of the soil ball in step S5.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the planting hole is 85-95 cm larger than the diameter of the soil ball in step S5.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present application, the depth of the planting hole is 20-40 cm greater than the height of the soil ball in step S5.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present application, the depth of the planting hole is 25-35 cm greater than the height of the soil ball in step S5.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present application, a drainage device is buried under the planting hole in step S5; and sand is backfilled to a depth of 15-25 cm less than the height of the soil ball before planting.

[0059] The drainage device is buried under the planting hole in the present application, which specifically includes a drainage pipe and a filtering device, and can timely drain the water in the planting hole to ensure that the tree hole does not accumulate water and the tree roots are not soaked in water.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present application, in the step S5, the upper surface of the large tree original soil ball is hung 10-20 cm higher than the planting ground; the wrapping of the soil ball and root system is removed, and the root system is distributed according to the growth form outside the periphery of the soil ball; the planting soil is backfilled, compacted, and watered to fix the roots; and after watering and settlement, the upper surface of the tree hole after backfilling of the soil ball is ensured to be 4-6 cm higher than the planting ground.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, the height of the soil ball is 2 / 3 of the diameter of the soil ball; and the height of the soil ball is ≤2 m.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present application, in the step S5, an observation tube is buried during the planting process.

[0063] The observation tube is used to observe the water accumulation condition of the tree hole.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present application, the broken branches caused in the process of transporting the large tree are cut off.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present application, the time for transplanting the large tree is the stage when no new buds of the tree trunk sprout.

[0066] The present application further controls the transplanting time to avoid the budding period and flowering period of the flowers and trees as much as possible, and selects the stage when no new buds of the tree trunk sprout, so that the survival rate is higher.

[0067] In some embodiments of the present application, the large tree is an arbor with a diameter ≥20 cm or a shrub with a crown width ≥200 cm.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, the large tree includes Magnoliaceae, Sapindaceae, Lauraceae, Moraceae, Onagraceae, ancient trees, and large trees with a fixed value of more than 10 years.

[0069] The ancient tree refers to a large tree with a growth of more than 100 years.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameter at breast height of the large tree is 25-80 cm.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present application, the crown width of the large tree is 3-9 m.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present application, the height of the large tree is 5-15 m.

[0073] Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0074] The method of the present application can reduce water evaporation and transpiration, increase water absorption capacity of the large tree, ensure water balance of the large tree, shorten the recovery period of the large tree, improve the survival rate of the large tree, reduce the transplanting cost, avoid the one-year or more period of time for root separation and root growth, shorten the whole large tree transplanting period, and improve the survival rate of the large tree after transplanting under the same migration period. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] The content of the present application will be further described in detail through specific examples. The raw materials, reagents or devices used in the examples and comparative examples can be obtained from conventional commercial channels or can be obtained by existing technical methods, unless otherwise specified. Unless otherwise specified, the test or test method is a conventional method in the art.

[0076] In the following examples and comparative examples of the present application, "about" means ± 2%.

[0077] In the following examples and comparative examples of the present application, "above" or "below" includes the number.

[0078] Example 1 of the present application is a plot in Haizhu District of Guangzhou City for development and construction, which needs to transplant one Ficus microcarpa var. nitida with a diameter at breast height of 78 cm, a tree height of about 10 m, and a crown width of about 9 m. The transplanting time is November 2023 (in the stage without new bud germination), the planting environment is a strip planting pool with a width of 120 cm and a height of 30 cm, the planting pool has been damaged by the roots of the large tree, and the shrubs grow in the planting pool.

[0079] Example 2 of the present application is a plot in Tianhe District of Guangzhou City for foundation pit excavation, which needs to transplant one Cinnamomum camphora with a diameter at breast height of 65 cm, a tree height of about 12 m, and a crown width of about 7 m. The transplanting time is February 2023 (not in the stage without new bud germination), and the original planting environment is green land with deep soil layer.

[0080] Example 3 of the present application is a plot for foundation pit excavation, which needs to transplant 25 large trees with a diameter at breast height ranging from 27 to 76 cm, including 5 Ficus microcarpa var. lata, 4 Ficus microcarpa var. nitida, 3 Cinnamomum camphora, 5 Lagerstroemia speciosa, 5 Magnolia grandiflora, and 3 Dimocarpus longan. The transplanting time is from November 5, 2023 to November 12, 2023 (not in the stage without new bud germination), the transportation time is 4 pm, the shade net is covered for shading and transportation, and the environment of the large trees is green land with good soil environment.

[0081] The comparative example 1 of the present application selects and migrates the same species and similar diameter of the sapling in the example 3 to another nursery of the company for planting, and the migration time, migration distance, transportation mode and post-transplantation maintenance mode are kept as similar as possible to the example 3, that is, the transplanting time is from November 5, 2023 to November 12, 2023, the transportation time is 4 pm, and the shade net is covered for shading and transportation.

[0082] The large tree full crown transplanting method of the example and the comparative example of the present application is as follows:

[0083] Example 1

[0084] The present example provides a method for transplanting a large tree full crown, comprising the following steps:

[0085] S1. The soil environment of Ficus microcarpa is first comprehensively surveyed, and the root system is detected by using root radar to determine the approximate distribution range of the root system. A ring ditch with a soil layer of 20 cm wide and 40 cm deep is shallowly excavated at the vertical of the crown, wherein a soil layer of 40 cm deep is shallowly excavated along the vertical line of the crown (i.e. the orthographic projection line) in the planting pool, and the hard pavement outside the planting pool is first chiseled with a pneumatic pick machine to remove the surface concrete, and then a soil layer of 20 cm wide and 30 cm deep is shallowly excavated. It is observed whether there are tree roots at the bottom. It is observed that there are fewer roots under the concrete than in the planting pool, and the roots grow along the concrete pipeline side gap and the void. The position above can be seen as bulging or cracking. Most of the roots are distributed in the planting pool and extend to the outer edge of the crown.

[0086] S2. Ficus microcarpa is pruned, and overgrown branches, inner cavity branches, weak branches and shaded branches are pruned. The terminal branches with a diameter of less than 5 cm are pruned. After pruning and leaf picking, about 5% of the tree leaves remain, the crown width is about 8.5 m, and the crown height is about 8 m.

[0087] S3. After detecting the growth and distribution of the root system of the large tree, the size of the soil ball without roots is determined to be 1.2 m in diameter (because there is a difference between the soil in the planting pool and the compacted soil outside the planting pool, the width of the tree pool is used as the diameter of the soil ball). The observation ditch is expanded towards the trunk along the orthographic projection line of the crown, the excavation depth is increased to 100 cm, and the width is expanded to 70-80 cm towards the trunk as the outer edge of the soil ball, and then the soil is manually cleaned towards the trunk to the edge of the soil ball (1.2 m in diameter). After the concrete ground is chiseled with a pick machine and labeled, the stone powder near the roots is cleaned. The damaged and weakly growing tree roots are cut off with a pruning shear, and a protective agent (Guang paste) is applied. Finally, the soil ball without roots is shrunk to a diameter of 120 cm. The height of the soil ball is 2 / 3 of the diameter of the soil ball. The root coverage range retained has a root crown ratio of 1:(1-2) to the crown diameter after pruning in step S2.

[0088] S4. The soil ball is wrapped with a strip steel mesh (20 cm wide, 6 mm steel bar, 5 x 5 cm mesh), the tree roots are uniformly fixed outside the soil ball steel mesh from the mesh or gap, and the root thickness is 50 cm; the complete roots are wrapped with water-soaked geotextile for protection and moisture retention; finally, the soil ball containing roots is shrunk to a diameter of 170 cm;

[0089] S5. The large tree is supported, hoisted by a sling, the soil at the bottom of the soil ball is excavated, the tree roots are cut off, the support is removed, the crane is used to lay down the tree trunk, the tree roots are trimmed, and a protective agent is applied; the tree crown is tied, and the width is controlled at 3.5 m for easy transportation; the tree is hoisted and transported to the planting site, and the broken branches caused during transportation are cut off; the tree is planted in a pre-dug planting hole, the planting hole is 80 cm larger in diameter and 30 cm deeper than the soil ball; a drainage pipe and a filtering structure are buried below the planting hole to timely drain water, so that the tree hole does not accumulate water and the tree roots are not soaked in water; during planting, the roots are distributed in the planting hole; first, backfill the sand to a depth of 20 cm higher than the height of the soil ball; use the crane to put the large tree into the tree hole, straighten the tree trunk, and remove the geotextile outside the extended roots; untie the fine roots outside the soil ball, remove the protective geotextile, and distribute them according to the growth pattern outside the periphery of the soil ball; adjust the root burial depth while backfilling the planting soil, compact it, pour the root water, and pour water to make the surface of the tree hole 5 cm higher than the planting ground; finally, support and maintain the later period.

[0090] The recovery period of the large tree is about two weeks, and the survival rate is 100%.

[0091] Example 2

[0092] The embodiment provides a method for transplanting a large tree, which comprises the following steps:

[0093] S1. A shallow observation trench with a width of 20 cm and a depth of 40 cm is dug at the vertical position of the camphor tree crown (i.e. the position of the normal projection line), and the root system is observed. The root system is uniformly distributed, and the fine roots grow outward;

[0094] S2. The camphor tree is pruned, and the overgrown branches, inner cavity branches, weak branches, and shaded branches are cut off; branches with a diameter of less than 5 cm are cut off; after pruning and leaf picking, about 5% of the tree leaves remain, the crown diameter is about 6.5 m, and the tree crown height is 6 m;

[0095] S3. An observation trench is expanded along the normal projection line of the tree crown towards the trunk direction as the outer edge trench of the soil ball, and the outer edge trench of the soil ball is a ring trench with a depth of 80-120 cm and a width of 50-60 cm; the soil is cleaned towards the trunk direction, and as many fine roots with a diameter of 1 cm or less as possible are left; the exposed tree roots, damaged roots, and weakly growing roots are trimmed and coated with a protective agent; finally, the soil ball without roots is controlled to have a diameter of 195 cm; the coverage range of the retained roots has a root crown ratio of 1:(1-2) to the crown diameter after pruning in step S2;

[0096] S4. The soil ball is wrapped with a strip steel net (20 cm wide, 6 mm steel bar, 5 x 5 cm mesh), the tree roots are uniformly fixed outside the soil ball steel net from the mesh or gap, and the root thickness is 50 cm; the complete roots are wrapped with water-soaked geotextile for protection and moisture retention; the soil ball containing the roots has a diameter of 2.6 m (root thickness of 65 cm); and the height of the soil ball is 2 / 3 of the diameter of the soil ball;

[0097] S5. The large tree is supported, hoisted by a sling, the soil at the bottom of the soil ball is excavated, the tree roots are cut off, the support is removed, the crane is used to lay down the tree trunk, the tree roots are cut off at the same level, and a protective agent is applied; the tree crown is tied to less than 3.5 m for easy transportation; the large tree is hoisted and transported to the planting site, and the broken branches caused during transportation are cut off; the large tree is planted in a pre-dug planting hole, the planting hole has a diameter of 80 cm larger than that of the soil ball and a depth of 30 cm larger than the height of the soil ball; a drainage pipe and a filtering structure are buried below the planting hole to timely drain water, so that the tree hole does not accumulate water and the tree roots are not soaked in water; the roots are distributed in the planting hole during planting; sand is backfilled to a depth of 20 cm less than the diameter of the soil ball; the large tree is placed into the tree hole by the crane, the tree trunk is straightened, and the geotextile outside the extended roots is removed; the fine roots outside the soil ball are untied, the geotextile used for protection is removed, and the roots are distributed on the periphery of the soil ball according to the growth form; the planting soil is backfilled while the root burial depth is adjusted, and the soil is compacted and watered; the surface of the tree hole is 5 cm higher than the ground surface after watering and settlement; finally, the tree is supported, and post-care is performed.

[0098] The recovery period of the large tree is about two weeks, and the survival rate is 100%.

[0099] Example 3

[0100] The method for transplanting a large tree provided in this example has the same steps as those in Example 2, and the differences are shown in Table 1.

[0101] The species and characteristic parameters of the large trees transplanted in this example are shown in Table 1; in addition, the planting hole in step S5 is 80 cm larger in diameter and 30 cm higher in depth than the soil ball.

[0102] Table 1. Table of species and transplanting parameters of the large trees transplanted in Example 3

[0103]

[0104] The large trees transplanted in this example are observed within one week after transplantation, and it is considered that the trees survive if the branches and leaves are not withered. The survival rate of the large trees is 100%. The recovery period of the large trees is about two weeks, and it is considered that the trees recover if new sprouts grow.

[0105] Comparative Example 1

[0106] The method for transplanting a large tree provided in this comparative example comprises the following steps:

[0107] The same large trees as in Example 2 were selected and transplanted in the company nursery. The difference between the transplanting method of Example 2 and the present example is that the soil ball does not contain root hairs (excluding the root system extending out of the soil ball). Two days after the transplanting, the branches and leaves of the trees began to wither, and the trees needed to be hung with nutrient solution to survive.

[0108] Comparative Example 2

[0109] The present comparative example provides a method for transplanting large trees, comprising the following steps:

[0110] The branches and leaves of the large trees were pruned, and the pruning process was the same as in Example 3. Three months in advance, lateral roots were cut at a distance of about three times the diameter from the trunk, leaving the basal roots. The crown was pruned to about one-third of the original crown, and a temporary support was installed. After 3 months, the soil ball was excavated, further pruned, and an antitranspiration agent (Guoguang antitranspiration agent, diluted at a ratio of 1:150 by volume with water) was sprayed.

[0111] The types of large trees and the transplanting parameters of the present comparative example are shown in Table 2.

[0112] Table 2. Large tree types and transplanting parameters of Comparative Example 1

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] Note: The root crown ratio in Table 2 refers to the root crown ratio before the roots are cut after pruning the branches and leaves.

[0116] Due to fluctuations in measurement at high altitudes due to wind and other factors, the large tree parameters in Tables 1 and 2 are rounded to the nearest whole number. The measurement method is to measure once in the north-south direction and once in the east-west direction, and the average value is taken.

[0117] The transplanted large trees of the present comparative example were observed within one week after transplanting, and the survival rate was 100%. However, compared with Example 3, due to the smaller crown size after pruning, the larger soil ball, and the need to grow new absorbing roots, the recovery period was longer, about 3 months (about two weeks longer than the recovery period of Example 3). In addition, due to the root cutting process, the total transplanting time was increased by 3 months compared with Example 3.

[0118] In summary, the method of the present application, by controlling the size of the crown after pruning, controlling the size of the soil ball, retaining the root system and controlling the thickness of the root system, can reduce the water evaporation loss of the large tree and increase the water absorption capacity of the large tree, ensure the water balance of the large tree, shorten the recovery period of the large tree, improve the survival rate of the large tree, and reduce the transplanting cost. The time for staged root cutting and root growth is avoided, and the entire large tree transplanting period is shortened.

[0119] The above embodiments are the preferred embodiments of the present application, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the above embodiments, and any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications, etc. made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present application should be equivalent replacement manners and should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A transplanting method for improving survival rate of large trees, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1. digging an observation trench at the vertical of the crown width, or digging an observation trench after detecting the root system by using root radar, observing the growth activities of the root system of the large tree, and retaining the fibrous roots as much as possible; S2. pruning the large tree, the crown width diameter after pruning is not less than 90% of the original crown width, and the inner cavity branches and weak branches are pruned; S3. digging a soil ball outer edge trench along the crown projection line, gradually reducing the diameter of the soil ball and retaining the root system; the diameter of the soil ball is 1.5-5 times the diameter of the large tree, and the diameter of the soil ball is ≤2m; the root coverage range diameter is 1:(1-2) compared with the crown width diameter of the large tree after pruning in step S2; The process of reducing the diameter of the soil ball comprises the following steps: removing the soil without roots from the soil ball outer edge trench to the center of the tree trunk; or dividing the soil ball into 2n equal parts and interval soil removal; wherein n≥2 and n is an integer; S4. wrapping the soil ball and the root system, and avoiding damage to the root system; the thickness of the root system is not less than one-third of the diameter of the soil ball; S5. digging a planting hole and planting; the diameter of the planting hole is 85-95cm larger than the diameter of the soil ball; the root system is distributed in the planting hole during planting.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, In the step S1, the depth of the observation trench is 30-50cm; the width is 15-25cm.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of implanting is performed by ion implantation. In the step S2, the amount of remaining leaves of the large tree after pruning is 4-6% of the original amount of leaves; And / or, the crown width diameter after pruning is 90-100% of the original crown width.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of implanting is performed by ion implantation. In the step S3, the soil ball outer edge trench is a ring trench with a depth of 80-120cm and a width of 50-60cm; And / or, in the step S3, the diameter of the soil ball is 0.9-2m; And / or, in the step S4, the thickness of the root system is one-third to one-half of the diameter of the soil ball.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of implanting is performed by ion implantation. In the step S4, the soil ball is wrapped with a strip steel mesh; the root system is wrapped with a wet geotextile.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, In the step S5, the depth of the planting hole is 20-40cm larger than the height of the soil ball; And / or, in the step S5, a drainage device is buried under the planting hole; the planting is carried out after backfilling the sand to 15-25cm less than the height of the soil ball at the depth of the planting hole.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of implanting is performed by ion implantation. The time of the large tree transplanting is the stage when there is no new bud sprouting on the trunk.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of implanting is performed by ion implantation. The large tree is a tree with a diameter of ≥20cm or a shrub with a crown width of ≥200cm.

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