Heat pump air conditioners and automobiles

Abstract

The application discloses a heat pump air conditioner and automobile, which comprises a condensing passage, a battery temperature adjusting passage, a heat exchange passage, a motor temperature adjusting passage, a heat pump compressor and a gas-liquid separator; the condensing passage is used for cooling refrigerant pumped out by the heat pump compressor, a first end of the condensing passage is connected with one end of the heat pump compressor and a first end of the battery temperature adjusting passage respectively, and a second end of the condensing passage is connected with a first end of the heat exchange passage and a second end of the battery temperature adjusting passage respectively; the heat exchange passage is used for exchanging heat of refrigerant in the passage, a second end of the heat exchange passage is connected with one end of the gas-liquid separator, a third end is connected with a first end of the motor temperature adjusting passage, and a fourth end of the heat exchange passage is connected with a second end of the motor temperature adjusting passage; and the gas-liquid separator is used for separating gas and liquid of the refrigerant, and the other end of the gas-liquid separator is connected with the other end of the heat pump compressor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat pump air conditioning technology, specifically to a heat pump air conditioner and an automobile. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of pure electric vehicles and the increasing demands for driving range, the discharge capacity of battery packs is constantly increasing, leading to a corresponding increase in battery pack size. The application of large-capacity battery packs also places higher demands on charging rates. The heat generated by batteries during high-power charging is far greater than that generated in hot weather or high-speed driving conditions, making cooling a particularly urgent need. Current systems face the risk of being unable to meet these cooling requirements.

[0003] In addition, current systems are equipped with Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) heaters as a means of thermal compensation. They are commonly used in dehumidification conditions during spring and autumn when temperatures are relatively low, such as between 0-10°C. In this condition, cooling converts moisture in the cabin air into condensate, which is then discharged. Simultaneously, heating is provided to maintain the passenger compartment temperature. Because the cooling suction pressure and temperature are low at low temperatures, there is a risk of evaporator frosting, which limits the compressor speed, preventing it from fully utilizing its performance. Therefore, the PTC heater is needed to provide thermal compensation for the passenger compartment. However, overall, the PTC heater's operating period throughout the year is relatively short, resulting in higher costs for existing heat pump air conditioning systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this application provides a heat pump air conditioner and a car. This heat pump air conditioner allows the refrigerant to directly reach the components where heat exchange is required, reducing interference from pressure loss and heat loss in system components. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for a PTC heater for thermal compensation and removes the PTC collector, thereby reducing system costs and weight.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a heat pump air conditioner, comprising:

[0006] Condensation path, battery temperature control path, heat exchange path, motor temperature control path, heat pump compressor and gas-liquid separator;

[0007] The condensing passage is used to cool the refrigerant pumped out by the heat pump compressor. The first end of the condensing passage is connected to one end of the heat pump compressor and the first end of the battery temperature control passage. The second end of the condensing passage is connected to the first end of the heat exchange passage and the second end of the battery temperature control passage.

[0008] The heat exchange passage is used to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the passage. The second end of the heat exchange passage is connected to one end of the gas-liquid separator and the first end of the battery temperature regulation passage, respectively. The third end of the heat exchange passage is connected to the first end of the motor temperature regulation passage, and the fourth end of the heat exchange passage is connected to the second end of the motor temperature regulation passage.

[0009] The gas-liquid separator is used to separate the refrigerant into gas and liquid components. The other end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the other end of the heat pump compressor.

[0010] When the heat pump air conditioner is working, the amount of refrigerant in the working loop is adjusted through the condensation path to ensure that the amount of refrigerant in the working loop meets the preset conditions. The working loop refers to the loop in which the refrigerant circulates when the heat pump air conditioner is working.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the battery temperature regulation passage includes: an upper cooling plate, a lower cooling plate, a first throttle valve, a second throttle valve, a third throttle valve, and a fourth throttle valve;

[0012] Among them, one end of the first throttle valve serves as the first end of the battery temperature regulation passage and is connected to one end of the third throttle valve, while the other end of the first throttle valve is connected to one end of the upper cold plate.

[0013] The upper cooling plate is used to store and release refrigerant, and the other end of the upper cooling plate is connected to one end of the second throttle valve;

[0014] The other end of the second throttle valve serves as the second end of the battery temperature regulation passage and is connected to one end of the fourth throttle valve.

[0015] The other end of the fourth throttle valve is connected to one end of the lower cold plate;

[0016] The lower cooling plate is used to store and release refrigerant, and the other end of the lower cooling plate is connected to the other end of the third throttle valve.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first end of the battery temperature regulation passage, one end of the gas-liquid separator, and one end of the heat pump compressor are connected by a first three-way water valve.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, adjusting the amount of refrigerant in the working loop through the condensation passage includes:

[0019] Determine the optimal refrigerant quantity based on operating parameters;

[0020] The first actual quantity of refrigerant in the detection loop;

[0021] When the first actual amount is greater than the optimal refrigerant amount, open the first throttle valve and / or the third throttle valve to allow the refrigerant to flow into the upper cold plate and / or the lower cold plate for separation and storage until the amount of refrigerant in the working loop is equal to the optimal refrigerant amount.

[0022] The second actual quantity of refrigerant in the detection loop;

[0023] When the second actual quantity is less than the optimal refrigerant quantity, open the third and / or fourth throttle valves to allow the refrigerant to flow back from the upper and / or lower cold plates into the working loop for replenishment, until the amount of refrigerant in the working loop equals the optimal refrigerant quantity.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper cooling plate and the lower cooling plate are respectively disposed on both sides of the battery pack.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, the condensation passage includes: an external condenser and an internal condenser;

[0026] One end of the external condenser serves as the first end of the condensation passage, connecting to one end of the internal condenser. The other end of the external condenser serves as the second end of the condensation passage, connecting to the other end of the internal condenser.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, one end of the heat pump compressor, one end of the external condenser, and one end of the internal condenser are connected by a second three-way water valve.

[0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange passage includes: an evaporator, a heat exchanger, a fifth throttle valve, and a sixth throttle valve;

[0029] Among them, one end of the fifth throttling valve serves as the first end of the heat exchange passage and is connected to one end of the sixth throttling valve, while the other end of the fifth throttling valve is connected to one end of the evaporator.

[0030] The other end of the evaporator serves as the second end of the heat exchange passage and is connected to the second end of the heat exchanger.

[0031] The first end of the heat exchanger is connected to the other end of the sixth throttle valve, the third end of the heat exchanger serves as the third end of the heat exchange passage, and the fourth end of the heat exchanger serves as the fourth end of the heat exchange passage.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the motor temperature control passage includes: a water pump, a four-way water valve, a motor radiator, and an electric fan;

[0033] One end of the water pump serves as the first end of the motor temperature control passage and is connected to the first end of the four-way water valve. The other end of the water pump is connected to the second end of the four-way water valve and one end of the motor radiator, respectively.

[0034] The other end of the motor radiator is connected to the third end of the four-way water valve;

[0035] The fourth end of the four-way water valve serves as the second end of the motor temperature control circuit;

[0036] The electric fan and the motor heat sink are placed next to each other.

[0037] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an automobile that includes the heat pump air conditioner disclosed in the first aspect of embodiments of this invention.

[0038] Implementing the embodiments of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] As can be seen, the heat pump air conditioner provided in this application adopts direct cooling and direct heating technology, combined with double-layer cold plates (upper and lower cold plates) and throttle valve control to improve the heating and cooling performance of the battery pack. According to different thermal management needs, the refrigerant circulation volume in the working loop can be adjusted through the cold plates, ensuring the refrigerant volume of the entire air conditioning system is within an optimal range during operation, further improving system performance and reducing energy consumption. Simultaneously, the design of different loop combinations achieves multiple functions while significantly reducing the load of components such as solenoid valves / check valves through the combined use of three-way valves, improving system integration and contributing to vehicle weight and cost reduction. A four-way water valve is also used in the water circuit to achieve multiple water circuit circulation combinations to achieve optimal heat exchange effects under different conditions. Furthermore, this heat pump system optimizes the low-pressure side refrigerant temperature and pressure under low-temperature dehumidification conditions through the parallel design of the evaporator and water circuit heat exchanger, allowing the compressor speed to be unrestricted and fully utilize its performance without the need for PTC thermal compensation, thus eliminating the need for PTC components in the vehicle and contributing to overall vehicle weight and cost reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a heat pump air conditioner provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a heat pump air conditioner provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a heat pump air conditioner in battery heating mode provided for embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a heat pump air conditioner operating in battery cooling mode, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a heat pump air conditioner in air conditioning cooling mode provided for the embodiments of this application;

[0046] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a heat pump air conditioner in dehumidification mode provided for embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another heat pump air conditioner provided for an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] The terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0050] In this document, the term "implementation" means that a specific feature, result, or characteristic described in connection with an implementation may be included in at least one implementation of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same implementation, nor is it a separate or alternative implementation mutually exclusive with other implementations. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the implementations described herein can be combined with other implementations.

[0051] In this article, "connection" can be either a direct connection or an indirect connection. For example, the connection between component 1 and component 2 can be a direct connection or an indirect connection. There may be other intermediate components connecting component 1 and component 2.

[0052] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 The present application provides a structural block diagram of a heat pump air conditioner, which may include: a condensation passage 101, a battery temperature regulation passage 201, a heat exchange passage 301, a motor temperature regulation passage 401, a heat pump compressor 501, and a gas-liquid separator 601.

[0053] In this embodiment, such as Figure 1As shown, the condensing passage 101 is used to cool the refrigerant pumped out by the heat pump compressor 501. The first end 102 of the condensing passage 101 is connected to one end of the heat pump compressor 501 and the first end 202 of the battery temperature control passage 201. The second end 103 of the condensing passage is connected to the first end 302 of the heat exchange passage 301 and the second end 203 of the battery temperature control passage 201. The heat exchange passage 301 is used to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the passage. The second end 303 of the heat exchange passage 301 is connected to one end of the gas-liquid separator 601 and the first end 202 of the battery temperature control passage 201. The third end 304 of the heat exchange passage 301 is connected to the first end 402 of the motor temperature control passage 401. The fourth end 305 of the heat exchange passage 301 is connected to the second end 403 of the motor temperature control passage 401. The battery temperature regulation passage 201 is used to regulate the heat of the battery, the motor temperature regulation passage 401 is used to regulate the heat of the motor, the gas-liquid separator 601 is used to separate the refrigerant into gas and liquid, and the other end of the gas-liquid separator 601 is connected to the other end of the heat pump compressor 501.

[0054] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a heat pump air conditioner is shown. The condensation passage 101 includes an external condenser 104 and an internal condenser 105. One end of the external condenser 104 serves as the first end of the condensation passage 101 and is connected to one end of the internal condenser 105. The other end of the external condenser 104 serves as the second end of the condensation passage 101 and is connected to the other end of the internal condenser 105.

[0055] In this embodiment, the heat exchange passage 301 includes an evaporator 306, a heat exchanger 307, a fifth throttling valve 308, and a sixth throttling valve 309. The heat exchanger 307 can be a plate heat exchanger. One end of the fifth throttling valve 308 serves as the first end of the heat exchange passage 301 and is connected to one end of the sixth throttling valve 309. The other end of the fifth throttling valve 308 is connected to one end of the evaporator 306. The other end of the evaporator 306 serves as the second end of the heat exchange passage 301 and is connected to the second end of the heat exchanger 307. The first end 310 of the heat exchanger 307 is connected to the other end of the sixth throttling valve 309. The third end of the heat exchanger 307 serves as the third end of the heat exchange passage, and the fourth end of the heat exchanger 307 serves as the fourth end 305 of the heat exchange passage 301.

[0056] In this embodiment, by connecting the external condenser 104 and the internal condenser 105, evaporator 306, and heat exchanger 307 in parallel, the refrigerant can directly reach the target heat exchange components during both cooling and heating operations. That is, the refrigerant, after being discharged from the heat pump compressor 501, does not pass through any unrelated components but directly reaches the target heat exchange device, thereby reducing interference from pressure and heat losses in the system components. Furthermore, during dehumidification, while the refrigerant absorbs heat through the evaporator 306, another path can be connected in parallel through the heat exchanger 307 to absorb heat, thereby increasing the low-pressure area and the refrigerant temperature passing through the evaporator 306. This eliminates the limitation on the speed of the heat pump compressor 501 caused by the low temperature of the evaporator 306, allowing the heat pump compressor 501 to fully utilize its capacity without the need for PTC thermal compensation. Therefore, the PTC heater can be eliminated, resulting in cost and weight reduction for the system.

[0057] In this embodiment, the battery temperature regulation passage 201 includes an upper cooling plate 204, a lower cooling plate 205, a first throttle valve 206, a second throttle valve 207, a third throttle valve 208, and a fourth throttle valve 209. One end of the first throttle valve 206 serves as the first end 202 of the battery temperature regulation passage 201 and is connected to one end of the third throttle valve 208. The other end of the first throttle valve 206 is connected to one end of the upper cooling plate 204. The upper cooling plate 204 is used for storing and releasing refrigerant, and its other end is connected to one end of the second throttle valve 207. The other end of the second throttle valve 207 serves as the second end 203 of the battery temperature regulation passage 201 and is connected to one end of the fourth throttle valve 209. The other end of the fourth throttle valve 209 is connected to one end of the lower cooling plate 205. The lower cooling plate 205 is used for storing and releasing refrigerant, and its other end is connected to the other end of the third throttle valve 208.

[0058] In this embodiment, the upper cooling plate 204, the battery pack, and the lower cooling plate 205 are arranged in a "sandwich" structure, with the upper cooling plate 204 and the lower cooling plate 205 respectively positioned on both sides of the battery pack to clamp it. Therefore, when heating or cooling the battery, the heat conduction surface of the cooling plate and the battery changes from a single layer to two layers, resulting in more efficient heat exchange. This significantly improves the battery heating / cooling rate, reduces battery temperature unevenness, and meets the rapid cooling / heating requirements of the battery when using high-power fast charging in high / low temperature environments.

[0059] Meanwhile, the optimal refrigerant volume requirement for an air conditioning system varies under different operating conditions. Inappropriate refrigerant volume can lead to abnormal system pressure, poor air conditioning performance, and high energy consumption. In this embodiment, by using double-layer cold plates, the system's refrigerant demand varies under high and low temperature conditions in direct cooling and heating systems. One or both layers of cold plates are used for refrigerant storage and release, essentially functioning as "liquid storage tanks." Compared to existing systems, this improves system performance while eliminating the need for traditional liquid storage tanks, further reducing costs.

[0060] For example, during operation, the optimal refrigerant quantity can be determined based on operating parameters, and the refrigerant quantity in the working loop can be adjusted through the condensation path to make the refrigerant quantity in the working loop equal to the optimal refrigerant quantity. The working loop refers to the loop in which the refrigerant circulates during the operation of the heat pump air conditioner. Specifically, when the air conditioning system is operating, the first actual quantity of refrigerant in the working loop can be detected. When the first actual quantity is greater than the optimal refrigerant quantity, the first throttling valve and / or the third throttling valve are opened, allowing the refrigerant to flow into the upper and / or lower cold plates for separation and storage, until the refrigerant quantity in the working loop equals the optimal refrigerant quantity. Simultaneously, during the adjustment process, the second actual quantity of refrigerant in the working loop is detected. When the second actual quantity is less than the optimal refrigerant quantity, the third throttling valve and / or the fourth throttling valve are opened, allowing the refrigerant to flow back from the upper and / or lower cold plates into the working loop for replenishment, until the refrigerant quantity in the working loop equals the optimal refrigerant quantity.

[0061] Finally, in this embodiment, the motor temperature control passage 401 includes: a water pump 404, a four-way water valve 405, a motor radiator 406, and an electric fan 407. One end of the water pump 404 serves as the first end 402 of the motor temperature control passage 401 and is connected to the first end 408 of the four-way water valve 405. The other end of the water pump 404 is connected to the second end 409 of the four-way water valve 405 and one end of the motor radiator 406. The other end of the motor radiator 406 is connected to the third end 410 of the four-way water valve 405, and the fourth end 411 of the four-way water valve 405 serves as the second end 403 of the motor temperature control passage 401. The electric fan 407 is arranged adjacent to the motor radiator 406.

[0062] Therefore, in this embodiment, considering the significant flow resistance of the system water path through the plate heat exchanger at high temperatures, which affects the system water flow and further reduces the heat dissipation effect, a four-way valve is used to connect the various water paths. This achieves parallel water paths through the plate heat exchanger and the motor radiator, refining the operating conditions. Different water paths can be operated according to different scenarios to obtain the best heat transfer effect. Specifically, after the water path is changed, the water circulation mode will be more complex than before, allowing for further optimization of the corresponding water path circulation under different operating conditions. In some operating conditions, such as high temperatures, the motor needs to dissipate heat, and the water path needs to pass through the motor radiator for heat dissipation. In traditional systems, the water path needs to pass through the motor radiator and also in series with the heat exchanger, resulting in significant flow resistance and affecting the heat exchange effect. With the four-way valve, the water path can be selected to pass only through the motor radiator. When the heat exchange demand increases further, it can pass through both the radiator and the heat exchanger simultaneously, with the two connected in parallel, reducing flow resistance and increasing flow rate.

[0063] Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the first end 202 of the battery temperature regulation passage 201, one end of the gas-liquid separator 601, and one end of the heat pump compressor 501 can be connected via a first three-way water valve 701. One end of the heat pump compressor 501, one end of the external condenser 104, and one end of the internal condenser 105 can also be connected via a second three-way water valve 801.

[0064] Therefore, the heat pump air conditioner provided in this application adopts a refrigerant three-way valve combined layout, eliminating the solenoid valve and one-way valve in the traditional system, greatly reducing the number of system components, improving the integration of system design, and facilitating the implementation of system weight reduction, cost reduction and lightweighting.

[0065] The operating modes of the heat pump air conditioner provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below:

[0066] Specifically, the operating modes of this heat pump air conditioner include: battery heating mode, battery cooling mode, air conditioning cooling mode, and air conditioning dehumidification mode, which will be described in detail below.

[0067] (1) Battery heating mode:

[0068] like Figure 3 As shown, in this mode, the refrigerant circuit is as follows: heat pump compressor 501 - second three-way water valve 801 - first throttle valve 206 and / or third throttle valve 208 - upper cold plate 204 and / or lower cold plate 205 - second throttle valve 207 and / or fourth throttle valve 209 - sixth throttle valve 309 - heat exchanger 307 - gas-liquid separator 601 - heat pump compressor 501.

[0069] The water circuit is as follows: water pump 404 - heat exchanger 307 - four-way water valve 405 - water pump 404.

[0070] Specifically, in this mode, if the battery heating demand is strong during low-temperature, high-power charging, both upper and lower cooling plates will work simultaneously to heat the battery; depending on the heating requirements, only a single-layer cooling plate can be used for battery heating. Meanwhile, the water circuit transfers heat from the motor to the battery for heating, bypassing the motor radiator.

[0071] (2) Battery cooling mode:

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, in this mode, the refrigerant circuit is as follows: heat pump compressor 501 - first three-way water valve 701 - external condenser 104 - second throttle valve 207 and / or fourth throttle valve 209 - upper cold plate 204 and / or lower cold plate 205 - first throttle valve 206 and / or third throttle valve 208 - second three-way water valve 801 - gas-liquid separator 601 - heat pump compressor 501.

[0073] The water circuit is as follows: water pump 404 - four-way water valve 405 - motor radiator 406 - water pump 404.

[0074] Specifically, in this mode, if the battery is under high-temperature, high-power charging conditions and there is a strong need for cooling, both upper and lower cooling plates will work simultaneously to cool the battery; depending on the cooling requirements, a single-layer cooling plate can be used for battery cooling. Meanwhile, motor cooling is achieved through a water circuit. To avoid the high flow resistance of the high-temperature plate affecting the flow rate, a four-way valve is used instead of a heat exchanger.

[0075] (3) Air conditioning cooling mode:

[0076] like Figure 5 As shown, in this mode, the refrigerant circuit is: heat pump compressor 501 - first three-way water valve 701 - external condenser 104 - fifth throttle valve 308 - evaporator 306 - gas-liquid separator 601 - heat pump compressor 501. Simultaneously, the circuit can be opened according to the actual amount of refrigerant in the loop: heat pump compressor 501 - second three-way water valve 701 - first throttle valve 206 and / or third throttle valve 208 - upper cooling plate 204 and / or lower cooling plate 205. Excess refrigerant is then separated and stored in the upper cooling plate 204 and / or lower cooling plate 205.

[0077] The water circuit is as follows: water pump 404 - four-way water valve 405 - motor radiator 406 - water pump 404.

[0078] Specifically, in this mode, if it is a high-temperature single-air conditioning system, refrigerant can be stored in the battery cold plate according to parameters such as pressure and temperature to obtain the optimal system refrigerant circulation volume and improve system efficiency. At the same time, motor cooling is carried out through water circuit. To avoid the large flow resistance of the high-temperature platen affecting the flow rate, it is bypassed by a four-way valve.

[0079] (4) Air conditioning dehumidification mode:

[0080] like Figure 6 As shown, in this mode, the refrigerant circuit is as follows: heat pump compressor 501 - first three-way water valve 701 - vehicle condenser 105 - fifth throttle valve 308 and sixth throttle valve 309 - evaporator 306 and heat exchanger 307 - gas-liquid separator 601 - heat pump compressor 501.

[0081] The water circuit is as follows: water pump 404 - heat exchanger 307 - four-way water valve 405 - water pump 404.

[0082] Specifically, in this mode, during low-temperature dehumidification (cooling and heating) operation, the refrigerant releases heat through the condenser inside the vehicle and then flows in parallel through one circuit to the evaporator for cooling and another circuit to the plate heat exchanger for heat absorption, raising the temperature / pressure on the low-pressure side. This allows the compressor speed to meet the increased requirements, fully utilizing the compressor's performance without the need for further thermal compensation from the PTC. Simultaneously, the water circuit transfers heat from the motor to the air conditioning side heat pump for heating, bypassing the motor radiator for heat dissipation.

[0083] In an alternative implementation, another type of heat pump air conditioner is also provided, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the heat pump air conditioner includes: a second heat pump compressor 901, a second four-way water valve 902, a second external condenser 903, a second internal condenser 904, a third three-way water valve 905, a first solenoid valve 906, an internal heat exchanger 907, a seventh throttle valve 908, a second solenoid valve 909, a plate heat exchanger 910, a second gas-liquid separator 911, a third solenoid valve 912, an eighth throttle valve 913, a ninth throttle valve 914, a tenth throttle valve 915, an eleventh throttle valve 916, a first upper cooling plate 917, a first lower cooling plate 918, a second water pump 919, a third four-way water valve 920, a second motor radiator 921, and a second electric fan 922.

[0084] Specifically, one end of the second heat pump compressor 901 is connected to the first end 923 of the second four-way water valve 902, and the second end 924 of the second four-way water valve 902 is connected to one end of the second external condenser 903 and the second internal condenser 904. The other end of the second external condenser 903 is connected to one end of the first solenoid valve 906, and the other end of the second internal condenser 904 is connected to the first end 925 of the third three-way water valve 905. The second end 926 of the third three-way water valve 905 is connected to the other end of the first solenoid valve 906, one end of the seventh throttle valve 908, one end of the second solenoid valve 909, one end of the eighth throttle valve 913, and one end of the ninth throttle valve 914. The third end 927 of the third three-way water valve 905 is connected to the third end 928 of the second four-way water valve 902 and one end of the internal heat exchanger 907, and the other end of the internal heat exchanger 907 is connected to the other end of the seventh throttle valve 908.

[0085] The fourth end 929 of the second four-way water valve 902 is connected to one end of the third solenoid valve 912. The other end of the third solenoid valve 912 is connected to one end of the second gas-liquid separator 911, one end of the tenth throttle valve 915, one end of the eleventh throttle valve 916, and the first end 930 of the plate heat exchanger 910. The other end of the second gas-liquid separator 911 is connected to the other end of the second heat pump compressor 901. The other end of the eighth throttle valve 913 is connected to one end of the first upper cooling plate 917, and the other end of the first upper cooling plate 917 is connected to the other end of the tenth throttle valve 915. The other end of the ninth throttle valve 914 is connected to one end of the first lower cooling plate 918, and the other end of the first lower cooling plate 918 is connected to the other end of the eleventh throttle valve 916.

[0086] The other end of the second solenoid valve 909 is connected to the second end 931 of the plate heat exchanger 910, and the third end 932 of the plate heat exchanger 910 is connected to the first end 933 of the third four-way water valve 920. The second end 934 of the third four-way water valve 920 is connected to the fourth end 935 of the plate heat exchanger 910 and one end of the second water pump 919, respectively. The third end 936 of the third four-way water valve 920 is connected to one end of the second motor radiator 921, and the fourth end 937 of the third four-way water valve 920 is connected to the other end of the second motor radiator 921 and the other end of the second water pump 919, respectively. The second electric fan 922 is arranged adjacent to the second motor radiator 921.

[0087] Therefore, the condenser and evaporator in the car are combined into one, and the condenser is used as both a condenser and an evaporator to improve performance.

[0088] In an optional implementation, each throttle valve in this application may be an electronic expansion valve.

[0089] In summary, the heat pump air conditioner provided in this application adopts direct cooling and direct heating technology, combined with a double-layer cold plate (upper and lower cold plates) and the control of a throttle valve to improve the heating and cooling performance of the battery pack. According to different thermal management needs, the refrigerant circulation volume in the working loop can be adjusted through the cold plates, ensuring the refrigerant volume of the entire air conditioning system is within an optimal range during operation, further improving system performance and reducing energy consumption. Simultaneously, the design of different circuit combinations achieves multiple functions while significantly reducing the load of components such as solenoid valves / check valves through the combined use of three-way valves, improving system integration and contributing to vehicle weight and cost reduction. A four-way water valve is also used in the water circuit to achieve multiple water circuit circulation combinations to achieve optimal heat exchange effects under different conditions. Furthermore, by designing the evaporator and water circuit heat exchanger in parallel, this heat pump system optimizes the refrigerant temperature and pressure on the low-pressure side under low-temperature dehumidification conditions, allowing the compressor speed to be unrestricted and fully utilize its performance without the need for PTC thermal compensation, thus eliminating the need for PTC components in the vehicle and contributing to overall vehicle weight and cost reduction.

[0090] In one possible implementation, the present invention also provides a vehicle that may include the heat pump air conditioner provided in any of the above embodiments. The heat pump air conditioner in the vehicle is the same as that described in any of the above embodiments, and will not be described again here.

[0091] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the aforementioned embodiments of the invention are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0092] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphasis. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0093] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical or other forms.

[0094] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0095] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software program module.

[0096] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software program module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage device (CMD). Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a memory and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned memory includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0097] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage device, which may include: flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, etc.

[0098] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A heat pump air conditioner, characterized in that, The heat pump air conditioner includes: Condensation path, battery temperature control path, heat exchange path, motor temperature control path, heat pump compressor and gas-liquid separator; The condensation passage is used to cool the refrigerant pumped out by the heat pump compressor. The first end of the condensation passage is connected to one end of the heat pump compressor and the first end of the battery temperature regulation passage. The second end of the condensation passage is connected to the first end of the heat exchange passage and the second end of the battery temperature regulation passage. The heat exchange passage is used to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the passage. The second end of the heat exchange passage is connected to one end of the gas-liquid separator and the first end of the battery temperature regulation passage, respectively. The third end of the heat exchange passage is connected to the first end of the motor temperature regulation passage, and the fourth end of the heat exchange passage is connected to the second end of the motor temperature regulation passage. The gas-liquid separator is used to separate the refrigerant into gas and liquid components, and the other end of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the other end of the heat pump compressor. When the heat pump air conditioner is working, the amount of refrigerant in the working loop is adjusted through the condensation passage to ensure that the amount of refrigerant in the working loop meets preset conditions. The working loop refers to the loop in which the refrigerant circulates when the heat pump air conditioner is working.

2. The heat pump air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery temperature regulation path includes: an upper cooling plate, a lower cooling plate, a first throttle valve, a second throttle valve, a third throttle valve, and a fourth throttle valve; Wherein, one end of the first throttle valve serves as the first end of the battery temperature regulation passage and is connected to one end of the third throttle valve, and the other end of the first throttle valve is connected to one end of the upper cold plate; The upper cooling plate is used to store and release the refrigerant, and the other end of the upper cooling plate is connected to one end of the second throttle valve; The other end of the second throttle valve serves as the second end of the battery temperature regulation passage and is connected to one end of the fourth throttle valve; The other end of the fourth throttle valve is connected to one end of the lower cold plate; The lower cooling plate is used to store and release the refrigerant, and the other end of the lower cooling plate is connected to the other end of the third throttle valve.

3. The heat pump air conditioner according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first end of the battery temperature regulation path, one end of the gas-liquid separator, and one end of the heat pump compressor are connected by a first three-way water valve.

4. The heat pump air conditioner according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment of the refrigerant quantity in the working loop through the condensation path includes: Determine the optimal refrigerant quantity based on operating parameters; The first actual amount of refrigerant in the working loop is detected; When the first actual amount is greater than the optimal refrigerant amount, the first throttle valve and / or the third throttle valve are opened to allow the refrigerant to flow into the upper cold plate and / or the lower cold plate for separation and storage until the amount of refrigerant in the working loop is equal to the optimal refrigerant amount. Detect the second actual amount of refrigerant in the working loop; When the second actual amount is less than the optimal refrigerant amount, the third throttle valve and / or the fourth throttle valve are opened, allowing the refrigerant to flow back from the upper cold plate and / or the lower cold plate to the working loop for replenishment, until the amount of refrigerant in the working loop is equal to the optimal refrigerant amount.

5. The heat pump air conditioner according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The upper cooling plate and the lower cooling plate are respectively disposed on both sides of the battery pack.

6. The heat pump air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condensation path includes: an external condenser and an internal condenser; Wherein, one end of the external condenser serves as the first end of the condensation passage and is connected to one end of the internal condenser, and the other end of the external condenser serves as the second end of the condensation passage and is connected to the other end of the internal condenser.

7. The heat pump air conditioner according to claim 6, characterized in that, One end of the heat pump compressor, one end of the external condenser, and one end of the internal condenser are connected via a second three-way water valve.

8. The heat pump air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange path includes: an evaporator, a heat exchanger, a fifth throttle valve, and a sixth throttle valve; Wherein, one end of the fifth throttling valve serves as the first end of the heat exchange passage and is connected to one end of the sixth throttling valve, while the other end of the fifth throttling valve is connected to one end of the evaporator; The other end of the evaporator serves as the second end of the heat exchange passage and is connected to the second end of the heat exchanger. The first end of the heat exchanger is connected to the other end of the sixth throttle valve, the third end of the heat exchanger serves as the third end of the heat exchange passage, and the fourth end of the heat exchanger serves as the fourth end of the heat exchange passage.

9. The heat pump air conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The motor temperature control circuit includes: a water pump, a four-way water valve, a motor radiator, and an electric fan; Wherein, one end of the water pump serves as the first end of the motor temperature regulation passage and is connected to the first end of the four-way water valve, and the other end of the water pump is connected to the second end of the four-way water valve and one end of the motor radiator, respectively. The other end of the motor radiator is connected to the third end of the four-way water valve; The fourth end of the four-way water valve serves as the second end of the motor temperature control passage. The electronic fan is positioned adjacent to the motor heat sink.

10. A car, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a heat pump air conditioner as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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