Photovoltaic panel mounting bracket

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mounting bracket for photovoltaic panels, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel mounting. The mounting bracket comprises: a bracket; a flip assembly mounted on the bracket; wherein the flip assembly is connected to the back of the photovoltaic panel, and is close to the tilted end of the photovoltaic panel, and the photovoltaic panel is divided into an upper and lower part by the supporting point of the flip assembly as a dividing line, and the area of ​​the upper part of the photovoltaic panel is smaller than the area of ​​the lower part of the photovoltaic panel. The mounting bracket for photovoltaic panels described in the present invention adjusts the position of the photovoltaic panel on the rotating block so that the area of ​​the lower part of the photovoltaic panel is larger than that of the upper part, and then adjusts the weight of the upper and lower parts of the photovoltaic panel by the counterweight block so that the panel can be balanced again. In this way, when the amount of debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel continues to increase, the panel can gradually tilt downward, and finally the debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel can be cleaned off, and after cleaning, the panel can be restored to its original shape, so that the photovoltaic panel can be cleaned repeatedly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel installation, and in particular to a photovoltaic panel installation bracket. Background Art

[0002] Solar photovoltaic panels are a type of power generation device that is installed on a bracket and generates direct current when exposed to sunlight. They are composed of thin solid photovoltaic cells made of semiconductor materials and can be installed in sunny areas through mounting brackets to generate electricity. China's largest photovoltaic power generation base is the Qinghai Taratan Photovoltaic Power Station. The Qinghai Taratan Photovoltaic Power Station is one of the largest photovoltaic power generation bases in China, located in the Taratan area of ​​Gonghe County, Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province. The total installed capacity is 15,730 megawatts, making it one of the largest photovoltaic power generation projects in the world.

[0003] At present, the Chinese patent with the existing patent application number: CN202311269300.5 discloses a solar photovoltaic panel mounting bracket with a cleaning function, including a mounting frame, a vertical frame, a fixed frame, an angle adjustment mechanism and a cleaning mechanism. In the angle adjustment mechanism designed by the present invention, according to the change of the local sunlight angle, the rotating threaded rod can adjust the angle of the fixed frame through the cooperation of the moving block and the adjustment plate, so as to ensure that the fixed frame always has the largest contact surface with the sunlight, improve the absorption efficiency of the solar panel to the sunlight, and thus improve the power generation efficiency of the solar panel; another Chinese patent with the patent application number: CN202310553564.7 discloses a photovoltaic panel motion photovoltaic system, including: a bracket assembly, the bracket assembly includes two relatively arranged horizontal brackets; a photovoltaic panel assembly, which is provided with at least two groups, the photovoltaic panel assembly can be rotatably installed between the two horizontal brackets, and the photovoltaic panel assembly is stepped along the length direction of the horizontal bracket when tilted. The photovoltaic panel assembly installs the photovoltaic panel on the bracket assembly. The photovoltaic panel can be adjusted on the bracket assembly. When the photovoltaic panel is horizontal, all photovoltaic panels are in the same horizontal plane. When the photovoltaic panel is rotated to a tilted state, a step-like dislocation in the height direction will also occur synchronously, which will increase the distance between adjacent photovoltaic panels, reduce the overlapping area of ​​adjacent photovoltaic panels in the direction of direct sunlight, increase the lighting area of ​​the photovoltaic panel, and improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation.

[0004] However, in the process of combining the above technical solutions with the existing technology, it is found that there are at least the following technical problems:

[0005] The failure rate is high and the maintenance is complicated: when cleaning the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the torque provided by the motor is mainly relied on to drive the cleaning structure to slide on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, so as to clean up the debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. In order to ensure the stable and effective operation of the motor, it is necessary to install a matching control system to intermittently power the motor so that it can achieve the timed cleaning function. The photovoltaic panels are installed in the outdoor environment. Therefore, with the continuous use of the control system, the various components inside it will continue to age or fail under the influence of the outdoor environment. This leads to the need for regular maintenance and replacement of the control system. Secondly, when the control system fails, it is accompanied by the uncertainty of the movement state of the cleaning structure, which causes the cleaning structure to fail or paralyze, and garbled codes will be generated inside it.

[0006] Since photovoltaic panels are mostly installed outdoors and in places that are not easily touched, the installation, maintenance, and replacement of both the cleaning structure and the control system require the issue of line arrangement (i.e., line welding, removal, placement, etc.). At present, the service life of tempered glass laminated encapsulated photovoltaic panels is generally around 25 years, while the service life of electrical appliances is generally 8 years. Therefore, the use of electrical equipment to clean photovoltaic panels requires constant inspection and replacement, which seriously affects the normal use of photovoltaic panels. For this reason, we propose a mounting bracket for photovoltaic panels. Summary of the invention

[0007] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0008] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a mounting bracket for a photovoltaic panel, which solves the problems raised in the background technology.

[0009] (II) Technical solution

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0011] A photovoltaic panel mounting bracket, the mounting bracket comprising:

[0012] Bracket;

[0013] The flip assembly is installed on the bracket, and the photovoltaic panel is driven to flip through the flip assembly;

[0014] The flip assembly is connected to the back of the photovoltaic panel and close to the tilted end of the photovoltaic panel. The photovoltaic panel is divided into two parts, upper and lower, with the support point of the flip assembly as the dividing line, and the area of ​​the upper part of the photovoltaic panel is smaller than the area of ​​the lower part of the photovoltaic panel.

[0015] The photovoltaic panel uses a counterweight block on its back to make the gravity of the upper part of the photovoltaic panel greater than the gravity of the lower part of the photovoltaic panel;

[0016] As the amount of debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel increases, the gravity on the upper part of the photovoltaic panel gradually becomes smaller than the gravity on the lower part of the photovoltaic panel, causing the photovoltaic panel to flip around the flip assembly as the axis.

[0017] Preferably, the bracket is provided with a front gear rod and a rear gear rod corresponding to each other, and the front gear rod and the rear gear rod are respectively located at the upper and lower sides of the photovoltaic panel;

[0018] Wherein, the front gear lever and the rear gear lever are both located on the flipping path of the photovoltaic panel, and the flipping range of the photovoltaic panel is limited by the front gear lever and the rear gear lever.

[0019] Preferably, the flip assembly comprises a central rod mounted on a bracket and a connecting plate connected to the back of the photovoltaic panel, and a telescopic block is inserted at the top of the central rod, which is hinged to a rotating block at the back of the connecting plate through the telescopic block;

[0020] Wherein, limit rods are installed on both sides of the central rod, and the limit rods are located on the flipping path of the photovoltaic panel.

[0021] Preferably, a locking structure is installed inside the central rod, and the flipping state of the photovoltaic panel is maintained by the locking structure, and the locking structure includes:

[0022] A limit block inserted into the telescopic block;

[0023] A winding wheel, the outside of which is wound with a traction rope, and the other end of the traction rope passes through the bottom of the telescopic block and is connected to the limit block inside the telescopic block;

[0024] The linkage is connected to the rotating block. When the photovoltaic panel moves downward, the winding wheel is driven to rotate through the linkage, and the length of the traction rope wound by the winding wheel is greater than the distance the photovoltaic panel moves downward.

[0025] Wherein, the limit block can be engaged with the rotating block, and when the limit block and the rotating block are engaged with each other, the connecting plate cannot rotate.

[0026] Preferably, the rotating block is movably connected to the telescopic block via a rotating shaft inside the rotating block, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating block, and a conical docking block is connected to the outside of the rotating shaft, and the docking block can dock with the card slot at the top of the limit block;

[0027] Wherein, a roller is installed on the side of the docking block facing the card slot, and the docking block is in contact with the inner wall of the card slot through the roller;

[0028] The upper part of the slot is funnel-shaped, and the lower part is rectangular. The depth of the rectangular part of the slot is greater than the radius of the roller.

[0029] Preferably, the linkage member comprises linkage racks movably connected to both ends of the rotating shaft, and the linkage racks are meshed with a driven gear on the outer side of the winding wheel;

[0030] Wherein, the diameter of the winding wheel is larger than the diameter of the driven gear;

[0031] A sliding groove is provided on one side of the linkage rack facing the center rod, and the linkage rack is restricted to slide up and down by plugging the sliding groove with the protrusion on the outer wall of the center rod.

[0032] Preferably, a detector is installed inside the bracket, and the photovoltaic panel is monitored by the detector, and is interconnected with a background monitoring system, which includes:

[0033] The matching module, after identifying the type of photovoltaic panel, obtains the power and transmitter circuit required by the photovoltaic panel type according to the established rule engine, and controls the electronic switch through the microcontroller to turn on the corresponding power controller and transmitter circuit;

[0034] The model building module collects the geographical information, coordinate parameters and electrical parameters of each photovoltaic panel through the detector, and builds the line model of each photovoltaic panel line, and the electrical parameters include voltage, resistance and power;

[0035] The environment acquisition module is used to collect the temperature data at each branch node of the line where the photovoltaic panel is located, and to analyze and process the temperature data and the electrical parameters of each line to generate a temperature calibration coefficient;

[0036] The fault troubleshooting module generates the fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc based on the line model and temperature calibration coefficient of each photovoltaic panel line. t , and the fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t Comparison with a preset set of assessment thresholds;

[0037] The evaluation threshold group includes a first evaluation threshold Fei ↑ and the second evaluation threshold Fei ↓ , if the first evaluation threshold Fei ↑ ≤Failure prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t , a first-level warning signal is issued;

[0038] If the first evaluation threshold Fei ↑ >Failure prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t ≥ the second evaluation threshold Fei ↓ , a second-level warning signal is issued;

[0039] If the second evaluation threshold Fei ↓ >Failure prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t , then no response;

[0040] The fault analysis module disconnects the fault line when the warning signal is issued, and obtains the fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc of each adjacent photovoltaic panel line during the duration of the warning signal. t , generate a fault degree prediction value Csie of the faulty line, and mark the electrical parameters of each line in the fault degree prediction value Csie in the form of an electronic tag in the fault degree prediction value Csie.

[0041] Preferably, the type of photovoltaic panel is identified by inputting the manufacturer and model of the photovoltaic panel to the background monitoring system to obtain the specific type of the identified photovoltaic panel. In the rule engine, the type of photovoltaic panel and its corresponding power and transmitting end circuit are entered and paired in advance.

[0042] Preferably, when the diameters and conductivity of the lines are consistent, the formula for generating the temperature calibration coefficient is as follows:

[0043]

[0044] Where, T is the ambient temperature, T L is the temperature at the line node, L and R represent the length and resistance of the line between the line connection node and the photovoltaic panel, respectively, and f(T) represents the temperature calibration coefficient when the ambient reference temperature is T;

[0045] Generate fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t The formula used is as follows:

[0046]

[0047] Wherein, Ey, Ez, and Ep represent the voltage, resistance, and power of the line at the same time in the line, respectively; a1, a2, and a3 are preset proportional coefficients of the voltage Ey, the resistance Ez, and the power Ep, respectively; and a3>a1>a2>0.

[0048] Preferably, before generating the predicted value of the degree of generation Csie, a position diagram of the line distribution is generated in the plane diagram according to the laying state of the line, and the coordinates of each line node and are marked in the plane diagram;

[0049] The fault severity prediction value Csie indicates the distance of the fault from the starting point of the line. The coordinates of the fault are estimated according to the position of the line laid in advance. After the fault severity prediction value Csie is generated, a regional map of the fault is generated on the map according to the distribution range of the fault severity prediction value Csie. The formula for generating the severity prediction value Csie is as follows:

[0050]

[0051] Where, δ is the fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoct The proportional coefficient is G, which is a constant correction coefficient, and δ>0.

[0052] (III) Beneficial effects

[0053] 1. The present invention adjusts the position of the photovoltaic panel on the rotating block so that the area of ​​the lower half of the photovoltaic panel is larger than that of the upper half (such as Fig.13 As shown), the weight of the upper and lower parts of the photovoltaic panel are adjusted by the counterweight block to re-balance it, so that when the debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel continues to increase, it can gradually tilt downward, and finally clean up the debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and after cleaning, it returns to its original shape, so that the photovoltaic panel can be cleaned repeatedly, and this structure is completely realized by mechanical structure, and there is no need to install control systems or other electrical equipment. Therefore, the normal cleaning of the photovoltaic panel will not be affected by aging and failure of electrical appliances. In addition, by arranging a locking structure inside the telescopic block, the stability of the normal state of the photovoltaic panel can be maintained.

[0054] 2. The present invention estimates the influence of the external temperature on the line to eliminate the interference of the external environment on the line, and then generates a fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc reflecting the fault type and fault degree of the corresponding line according to the changes in the voltage, resistance and power of the line. t , and each fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t By comparing with the standard range value, the level of the corresponding line fault can be quickly and efficiently assessed, which is convenient for subsequent targeted maintenance and processing, avoiding the need to use exclusion method to repair the line, and facilitating the subsequent effective management of the line.

[0055] 3. When a line fault is determined, a fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc is generated based on each line t , the location of the line where the abnormality occurs is screened, and after the line is determined, the fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc is generated t By calculating the predicted value of the fault degree Csie and displaying it in the plan view using colors of different depths, the location and degree of the fault can be obtained, which makes it easier for staff to adjust their work according to the signals sent by the system and also ensures the efficiency of the repair work to a certain extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0057] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of a photovoltaic panel in use according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 This is an overall structural diagram of a photovoltaic panel when tilted in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 3 A diagram showing the connection structure of the bracket and the flip assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 4 A structural diagram of a flip assembly and a mounting frame in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 5 A structural diagram of a flip assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 6 An exploded structural diagram of a flip assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a flip assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 8 An exploded structural diagram of a flip assembly and a locking structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Fig. 9 An exploded structural diagram of a locking structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the motion state of the flip assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Fig.11 is a cross-sectional view of a flip assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the motion state of the docking block in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Fig.13 This is a force analysis diagram of a photovoltaic panel in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Fig.14 It is a flowchart of the background monitoring system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] Legend: 1. Bracket; 11. Front gear lever; 12. Rear gear lever; 2. Photovoltaic panel; 3. Flip assembly; 31. Horizontal rod; 32. Center rod; 33. Limit rod; 34. Telescopic block; 35. Connecting plate; 36. Rotating block; 37. Main spring; 4. Mounting frame; 41. Load-bearing rod; 42. Connecting rod; 51. Linking rack; 52. Driven gear; 53. Guide; 531. Mounting plate; 532. Slide roller; 54. Limit block; 55. Auxiliary spring; 56. Traction rope; 57. Winding wheel; 58. Docking block; 59. Slide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The embodiment of the present application provides a photovoltaic panel mounting bracket to solve the problem that the photovoltaic panel cleaning equipment in the prior art has a high failure rate and cumbersome maintenance when in use. By adjusting the position of the photovoltaic panel on the rotating block, the area of ​​the lower half of the photovoltaic panel is larger than that of the upper half (such as Fig.13 As shown), the weight of the upper and lower parts of the photovoltaic panel are adjusted by the counterweight block to re-balance it, so that when the debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel continues to increase, it can gradually tilt downward, and finally clean up the debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and after cleaning, it returns to its original shape, so that the photovoltaic panel can be cleaned repeatedly, and this structure is completely realized by mechanical structure, and there is no need to install control systems or other electrical equipment. Therefore, the normal cleaning of the photovoltaic panel will not be affected by aging and failure of electrical appliances. In addition, by arranging a locking structure inside the telescopic block, the stability of the photovoltaic panel in a normal state can be maintained.

[0073] Technical issues

[0074] With the continuous development of society, various electrical equipments are constantly entering into all aspects of people's lives, which leads to the increasing demand for electricity in society. There are several existing power generation methods, including wind energy, tidal energy, solar energy and nuclear energy, among which solar energy is the most common and the least affected by environmental factors. Among them, Qinghai Taratan Photovoltaic Power Station is one of the largest photovoltaic power generation bases in China, located in Taratan area, Gonghe County, Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province. With a total installed capacity of 15,730 MW, it is currently one of the largest photovoltaic power generation projects in the world.

[0075] In order to ensure the stability of centralized power generation, photovoltaic power generation equipment needs to be set up in an open environment with sufficient light conditions, mainly in the Gobi Desert. In an open environment, some common natural factors need to be considered. The biggest impact on photovoltaic panels is sand, dust, rain and snow. These debris cover the surface of the photovoltaic panels, causing the photovoltaic panels to be unable to fully absorb light energy.

[0076] Existing solutions

[0077] At present, we have experimented with two common cleaning methods on the Internet. The first is to use a cleaning robot to clean the photovoltaic panels. This method is also the most common solution. It can achieve the effect of remote cleaning by setting time and power, and does not require manpower. For example, the Hongxin model is: qxj-200 photovoltaic panel cleaning robot;

[0078] Another method is to use the flipping method for cleaning, which is mainly accomplished by changing the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel. As the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel continues to increase (while the friction between the debris and the photovoltaic panel continues to decrease), the debris on it continues to slide down along the photovoltaic panel under the action of gravity.

[0079] After market research and inquiries with companies that have already used the equipment, we learned that in order to ensure the cleaning effect of the photovoltaic panels, the filter element and cleaning roller of the photovoltaic panel cleaning robot need to be replaced every time, and it is easy to get stuck (system identification failure), which greatly affects the use effect.

[0080] R&D Program

[0081] In order to solve the above problems, we decided to use traditional mechanical structures to achieve this. Although the traditional mechanical structure has a single function, its structure is stable and durable, and there will be no system failures.

[0082] After research and development, we decided to use the traditional aluminum alloy frame structure as the bracket for the photovoltaic panel. In order to ensure that the photovoltaic panel can automatically flip over when the weight reaches a certain level, we connected the flip component 3 to the back of the photovoltaic panel 2, close to the raised end of the photovoltaic panel 2 (such as Fig.13 As shown), the photovoltaic panel 2 is divided into two parts, an upper part and an lower part, with the supporting point of the flip assembly 3 as the dividing line, and the area of ​​the upper part of the photovoltaic panel 2 is smaller than the area of ​​the lower part of the photovoltaic panel 2.

[0083] The photovoltaic panel 2 uses a counterweight block on its back to make the gravity of the upper part of the photovoltaic panel 2 greater than the gravity of the lower part of the photovoltaic panel 2. Fig.13 As shown in the upper part;

[0084] As the amount of debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 2 increases (such as dust and snow), the gravity of the upper part of the photovoltaic panel 2 gradually becomes smaller than the gravity of the lower part of the photovoltaic panel 2, causing the photovoltaic panel 2 to flip around the flip assembly 3 as the axis. Fig.13 Shown in the upper part.

[0085] In order to limit the rotation position of the photovoltaic panel, two corresponding front bars 11 and rear bars 12 are provided on the bracket 1, and the front bars 11 and rear bars 12 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the photovoltaic panel 2, and are also located on the flipping path of the photovoltaic panel 2. In this way, the flipping range of the photovoltaic panel 2 (limiting the reverse rotation range of the photovoltaic panel 2) can be limited by the front bars 11 and rear bars 12. Figure 1 shown.

[0086] In order to limit the range of forward rotation of the photovoltaic panel 2 (i.e., to avoid the photovoltaic panel 2 being perpendicular to the ground, resulting in the photovoltaic panel 2 being unable to flip over), a limit rod 33 is provided on each side of the center rod 32, and the limit rod 33 is located on the flipping path of the photovoltaic panel 2, so that the photovoltaic panel 2 cannot be perpendicular to the ground, thereby ensuring that the photovoltaic panel 2 can return to its original state under the action of the counterweight block.

[0087] The flip assembly 3 includes a horizontal rod 31 and a center rod 32 mounted on the horizontal rod, and a connecting plate 35 is connected to the back of the photovoltaic panel 2, and the rotating block 36 on the connecting plate 35 can be hinged with the telescopic block 34 on the top of the center rod 32, and the telescopic block 34 is inserted into the inside of the center rod 32, and the telescopic block 34 is connected to the partition inside the center rod 32 through the spring at its bottom (such as Figure 8 As shown, the center rod 32 has a partition with holes inside, thereby providing support for the telescopic block 34.

[0088] Since the flip assembly 3 needs to occupy the space between the bracket 1 and the photovoltaic panel 2 when it is installed, in order to reduce the impact of the flip assembly on the existing photovoltaic panel 2 and the bracket 1, a mounting frame 4 with a sinking structure is used. The mounting frame is divided into two parts. One part is a horizontally extending bearing rod 41, such as Figure 4 As shown, its main function is to provide sufficient support for the flip assembly 3; the other part is a connecting rod 42 installed on the bearing rod 41, and the bearing rod 41 is connected to the frame of the bracket 1 through the connecting rod 42, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, in this way, the height of the original photovoltaic panel 2 can be kept unchanged, thereby reducing the influence of the flip assembly 3 on the original photovoltaic panel 2 and the bracket 1 .

[0089] defect

[0090] Since the photovoltaic panel 2 is only supported by the flip assembly 3 and the flip assembly itself is rotatable, the photovoltaic panel 2 will also flip when subjected to external force, so a locking structure that can limit the photovoltaic panel 2 from tilting randomly is required.

[0091] The locking structure is installed inside the central rod 32, and the locking structure includes:

[0092] The limit block 54 is inserted into the telescopic block 34, and the limit block 54 is connected to the partition inside the center rod 32 through the auxiliary spring, so that the telescopic block 34 can be reset when the traction rope 56 is released. Figure 7 As shown;

[0093] The reel 57 has a traction rope 56 wound around its outside, and the other end of the traction rope 56 passes through the bottom of the telescopic block 34 and is connected to the limit block 54 inside the telescopic block 34, so that the traction rope 56 can be reeled in when the reel 57 is reeled in, and then pulled downward by the traction rope 56, as shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown;

[0094] The linkage is connected to the rotating block 36. When the photovoltaic panel 2 moves downward, the winding wheel 57 is driven to rotate through the linkage, and the length of the traction rope 56 wound by the winding wheel 57 is greater than the distance of the photovoltaic panel 2 moving downward, thereby providing power for the winding roller 57 to the winding roller 57 of the traction rope 56;

[0095] The photovoltaic panel 2 can be locked by controlling the relative rotation between the rotating block 36 and the telescopic block 34, so it is only necessary to control the limit block 54 to be engaged with the rotating block 36, and the limit block 54 is located in the telescopic block 34, so that the rotation of the connecting plate 35 can be limited when the limit block 54 and the rotating block 36 are engaged with each other.

[0096] like Fig.12 As shown, in order to stably control the connecting plate 35, the rotating shaft inside the rotating block 36 is movably connected to the telescopic block 34, and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating block 36 (so as to control the docking block 58 to rotate synchronously with the rotating block 36);

[0097] The outside of the rotating shaft is connected to a conical docking block 58, and a roller is installed on the side of the docking block 58 facing the card slot, and the docking block 58 is in contact with the inner wall of the card slot through the roller, so that the friction force when the docking block 58 and the telescopic block 34 rotate relative to each other can be reduced;

[0098] The upper part of the slot is funnel-shaped and the lower part is rectangular. The depth of the rectangular part of the slot is greater than the radius of the roller (so that the roller can be stuck when the docking block 58 slides outward). In this way, when the roller outside the docking block 58 slides into the rectangular part of the slot, the roller is restricted from drawing the telescopic block 34.

[0099] In some examples, the linkage member includes a linkage rack 51 movably connected to both ends of the rotating shaft, and the linkage rack 51 is meshed with a driven gear 52 on the outer side of the winding wheel 57, so when the linkage rack 51 moves downward, it drives the driven gear 52 to rotate. In order to make the pulling length of the traction rope greater than the descending length of the connecting plate 35, the diameter of the winding wheel 57 is designed to be greater than the diameter of the driven gear 52. In this way, when the driven gear 52 and the winding wheel 57 rotate at the same angle, the length traveled by the edge of the winding wheel 57 is greater. In order to avoid the winding wheel 57 from contacting the latching teeth on the driven gear 52, a groove is provided on the driven gear 52 to reserve space for the winding wheel 57.

[0100] In order to prevent the linkage rack 51 from rotating with the rotating shaft, a slide groove 59 is provided on the side of the linkage rack 51 facing the center rod 32, and the slide groove 59 is plugged into the protrusion on the outer wall of the center rod 32 to limit the linkage rack 51 to slide only up and down.

[0101] Example 2

[0102] Based on Example 1, the present application embodiment provides a system capable of monitoring photovoltaic panels, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0103] Supporting system

[0104] Since the existing photovoltaic power generation base is too large, and the use status and service life of each photovoltaic panel 2 are different, it is necessary to regularly check each photovoltaic panel 2 one by one, which is not only a large workload, but also ineffective. This is because in the process of our inspection, there are always some photovoltaic panels that are intact in use, but after inspection, various problems will occur. After a second inspection, it is known that when some photovoltaic panels are inspected, it is necessary to detect the corresponding circuit of the photovoltaic panel and calibrate the system inside the photovoltaic panel controller, which causes the original circuit to loosen and the system to have garbled characters, etc. This causes the photovoltaic panel 2 that was originally normal to malfunction. For this reason, we have developed a system that can detect photovoltaic panel circuit problems. The details are as follows:

[0105] A detector is installed inside the bracket 1, and the photovoltaic panel 2 is monitored by the detector, and is interconnected with a background monitoring system, which includes:

[0106] The matching module, after identifying the type of photovoltaic panel 2, obtains the power and transmitting end circuit required by the type of photovoltaic panel 2 according to the established rule engine, and controls the electronic switch through the microcontroller to turn on the corresponding power controller and transmitting end circuit;

[0107] Through the transmitter circuit and power controller, the power and circuit required by different models are simulated, and various photovoltaic panels are adapted to provide the applicability of the system. This can be done through pre-setting, and by inputting the data of various photovoltaic panels, it can meet the power and input / output circuit required by the photovoltaic panel and each circuit on the photovoltaic panel;

[0108] The model building module collects the geographical information, coordinate parameters and electrical parameters of each line of each photovoltaic panel 2 through a detector, and builds a line model of each photovoltaic panel 2 line, and the electrical parameters include voltage, resistance and power;

[0109] In this embodiment, the geographic information of the photovoltaic panel includes the geographic coordinates of the photovoltaic panel, and the spatial parameters include the distance between adjacent photovoltaic panels and the height of the photovoltaic panel;

[0110] The environment acquisition module is used to collect the temperature data at each branch node of the line where the photovoltaic panel 2 is located, and to analyze and process the temperature data and the electrical parameters of each line to generate a temperature calibration coefficient;

[0111] The fault troubleshooting module generates the fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc based on the line model and temperature calibration coefficient of each photovoltaic panel 2 line t , and the fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t Comparison with a preset set of assessment thresholds;

[0112] The evaluation threshold group includes a first evaluation threshold Fei↑ and the second evaluation threshold Fei ↓ , if the first evaluation threshold Fei ↑ ≤Failure prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t , a first-level warning signal is issued;

[0113] If the first evaluation threshold Fei ↑ >Failure prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t ≥ the second evaluation threshold Fei ↓ , a second-level warning signal is issued;

[0114] If the second evaluation threshold Fei ↓ >Failure prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t , then no response;

[0115] The evaluation threshold group here is set based on historical data acquisition and can also be adjusted accordingly according to actual needs; the visualization tool used above is Python's Matplotlib library;

[0116] The fault analysis module disconnects the fault line when the warning signal is issued, and obtains the fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc of each adjacent photovoltaic panel 2 line during the duration of the warning signal t , generate a fault degree prediction value Csie of the faulty line, and mark the electrical parameters of each line in the fault degree prediction value Csie in the form of an electronic tag in the fault degree prediction value Csie.

[0117] In some examples, the type of photovoltaic panel 2 is identified by inputting the manufacturer and model of the photovoltaic panel 2 into a background monitoring system to obtain the specific type of the identified photovoltaic panel 2. In the rule engine, the type of photovoltaic panel 2 and its corresponding power and transmitting end circuit are entered and paired in advance.

[0118] In some examples, when the diameter and conductivity of each line are the same, the formula for generating the temperature calibration coefficient is as follows:

[0119]

[0120] Where, T is the ambient temperature, T L is the temperature at the line node, L and R represent the length and resistance of the line between the line connection node and the photovoltaic panel 2, respectively, and f(T) represents the temperature calibration coefficient when the ambient reference temperature is T;

[0121] Temperature will cause differences in line voltage, resistance, and power transmission, that is, the external environment will have a certain impact on time, causing the measurement results to be inaccurate, and affecting the effect of fault distance measurement during subsequent distance calculations. Since the external environment will affect the conductivity, impedance of branch lines, and grounding capacitance, temperature increases will cause changes in the conductivity of the conductor material. Temperature increases will reduce the conductivity of the conductor, thereby increasing resistance, and higher temperatures will cause higher impedance;

[0122] The ambient reference temperature is generated based on the temperature data at the end, middle and connection point of the branch line with the main line branch, according to the formula:

[0123]

[0124] Where, T is the ambient reference temperature, T d 、T z and T j The temperatures at the end, middle and connection points of the branch line and the main line branch are respectively;

[0125] Generate fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t The formula used is as follows:

[0126]

[0127] Wherein, Ey, Ez, and Ep represent the voltage, resistance, and power of the line at the same time in the line, respectively; a1, a2, and a3 are preset proportional coefficients of the voltage Ey, the resistance Ez, and the power Ep, respectively; and a3>a1>a2>0.

[0128] It should be noted that the voltage Ey, resistance Ez and power Ep are all proportional to the fault prediction evaluation coefficient. That is, as the voltage Ey, resistance Ez and power Ep increase, the fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc increases. t will also increase accordingly, indicating that the probability of failure of the corresponding line segment increases;

[0129] In the circuit, the voltage Ey usually represents the change in the power generation state of the photovoltaic panels in the circuit. If the voltage Ey increases, it means that there is instability in the resistance value in the circuit, which will increase the probability of fault occurrence;

[0130] The resistance Ez represents the change in the power generation state of the photovoltaic panels in the circuit. If the resistance Ez increases, it will cause the frequency response of the circuit to change, which will increase the probability of failure.

[0131] The power Ep represents the change in the power generation state of the photovoltaic panels in the circuit. If the power Ep increases, the frequency response of the circuit will change, which will increase the probability of failure.

[0132] The size of the coefficient is to quantify each parameter to obtain a specific value for subsequent comparison. The size of the coefficient depends on the amount of sample data and the preliminary setting of the corresponding preset proportional coefficient for each group of sample data by technical personnel in this field. It can also be said that it is preset according to actual conditions, as long as it does not affect the proportional relationship between the parameter and the quantized value. The above description also applies to the preset proportional coefficient and constant correction coefficient described in other formulas.

[0133] In some examples, before the generation of the degree prediction value Csie, a position diagram of the line distribution is generated in the plan view according to the laying status of the line, and the coordinates of each line node and 2 are marked in the plan view;

[0134] The fault severity prediction value Csie indicates the distance of the fault from the starting point of the line. The coordinates of the fault are estimated according to the position of the line laid in advance. After the fault severity prediction value Csie is generated, a regional map of the fault is generated on the map according to the distribution range of the fault severity prediction value Csie. The formula for generating the severity prediction value Csie is as follows:

[0135]

[0136] Where, δ is the fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t The proportional coefficient is G, which is a constant correction coefficient, and δ>0.

[0137] When a line fault is determined, a fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc is generated based on each line. t , the location of the abnormal line can be screened, and after the line is determined, the fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc is generated t By calculating the predicted value of the fault degree Csie and displaying it in the plan view using colors of different depths, the location and degree of the fault can be obtained, which makes it easier for staff to adjust their work according to the signals sent by the system and also ensures the efficiency of the repair work to a certain extent.

[0138] Finally, it should be noted that: Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clearly explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For ordinary technicians in the relevant field, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived from this are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic panel mounting bracket, characterized in that: The mounting bracket includes: Bracket (1); A flip assembly (3) is mounted on the bracket (1), and drives the photovoltaic panel (2) to flip through the flip assembly (3); The flip assembly (3) is connected to the back of the photovoltaic panel (2) and is close to the tilted end of the photovoltaic panel (2). The photovoltaic panel (2) is divided into two parts, an upper part and an lower part, with the supporting point of the flip assembly (3) as the dividing line, and the area of ​​the upper part of the photovoltaic panel (2) is smaller than the area of ​​the lower part of the photovoltaic panel (2); The photovoltaic panel (2) uses a counterweight block on the back thereof so that the gravity of the upper part of the photovoltaic panel (2) is greater than the gravity of the lower part of the photovoltaic panel (2); As the amount of debris on the surface of the photovoltaic panel (2) increases, the gravity of the upper part of the photovoltaic panel (2) gradually becomes smaller than the gravity of the lower part of the photovoltaic panel (2), causing the photovoltaic panel (2) to flip around the flip assembly (3) as an axis; The flip assembly (3) comprises a central rod (32) mounted on a bracket (1) and a connecting plate (35) connected to the back of the photovoltaic panel (2), and a telescopic block (34) is inserted at the top of the central rod (32), and is hingedly connected to a rotating block (36) on the back of the connecting plate (35) through the telescopic block (34); Wherein, limit rods (33) are installed on both sides of the central rod (32), and the limit rods (33) are located on the flipping path of the photovoltaic panel (2); A locking structure is installed inside the central rod (32), and the photovoltaic panel (2) is kept in a flipped state by the locking structure. The locking structure comprises: A limit block (54) inserted into the telescopic block (34); A winding wheel (57) is wound with a traction rope (56) on the outside, and the other end of the traction rope (56) passes through the bottom of the telescopic block (34) and is connected to the limit block (54) inside the telescopic block (34); A linkage is connected to the rotating block (36), and when the photovoltaic panel (2) moves downward, the winding wheel (57) is driven to rotate through the linkage, and the length of the traction rope (56) wound by the winding wheel (57) is greater than the distance the photovoltaic panel (2) moves downward; The limiting block (54) can be engaged with the rotating block (36), and when the limiting block (54) and the rotating block (36) are engaged with each other, the connecting plate (35) cannot rotate.

2. A photovoltaic panel mounting bracket as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket (1) is provided with a front gear rod (11) and a rear gear rod (12) which correspond to each other, and the front gear rod (11) and the rear gear rod (12) are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the photovoltaic panel (2); The front gear rod (11) and the rear gear rod (12) are both located on the flipping path of the photovoltaic panel (2), and the flipping range of the photovoltaic panel (2) is limited by the front gear rod (11) and the rear gear rod (12).

3. A photovoltaic panel mounting bracket as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating block (36) is movably connected to the telescopic block (34) via a rotating shaft inside the rotating block (36), and the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating block (36). A conical docking block (58) is connected to the outside of the rotating shaft, and the docking block (58) can dock with a slot at the top of the limiting block (54); Wherein, a roller is installed on the side of the docking block (58) facing the card slot, and the docking block (58) is in contact with the inner wall of the card slot through the roller; The upper part of the slot is funnel-shaped, and the lower part is rectangular. The depth of the rectangular part of the slot is greater than the radius of the roller.

4. A photovoltaic panel mounting bracket as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The linkage member comprises a linkage rack (51) movably connected to both ends of the rotating shaft, and the linkage rack (51) is meshed with a driven gear (52) on the outer side of the winding wheel (57); Wherein, the diameter of the winding wheel (57) is greater than the diameter of the driven gear (52); A sliding groove (59) is provided on one side of the linkage rack (51) facing the center rod (32), and the linkage rack (51) is restricted to slide only up and down by plugging the sliding groove (59) with a protrusion on the outer wall of the center rod (32).

5. A photovoltaic panel mounting bracket according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A detector is installed inside the bracket (1), and the photovoltaic panel (2) is monitored by the detector, and is interconnected with a background monitoring system, which includes: The matching module, after identifying the type of the photovoltaic panel (2), obtains the power and transmitting end circuit required by the type of the photovoltaic panel (2) according to the established rule engine, and controls the electronic switch through the microcontroller to turn on the corresponding power controller and transmitting end circuit; A model building module collects geographical information, coordinate parameters and electrical parameters of each line of each photovoltaic panel (2) through a detector, and builds a line model of each photovoltaic panel (2) line, wherein the electrical parameters include voltage, resistance and power; An environment acquisition module is used to collect temperature data at each branch node of the circuit where the photovoltaic panel (2) is located, and to perform data analysis and processing on the temperature data and electrical parameters of each circuit to generate a temperature calibration coefficient; The fault detection module generates a fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc based on the line model and temperature calibration coefficient of each photovoltaic panel (2) line. t , and the fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t Comparison with a preset set of assessment thresholds; The evaluation threshold group includes a first evaluation threshold Fei ↑ and the second evaluation threshold Fei ↓ , if the first evaluation threshold Fei ↑ ≤Failure prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t , a first-level warning signal is issued; If the first evaluation threshold Fei ↑ >Failure prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t ≥ the second evaluation threshold Fei ↓ , a second-level warning signal is issued; If the second evaluation threshold Fei ↓ >Failure prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t , then no response; The fault analysis module disconnects the fault line when the warning signal is issued, and obtains the fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc of each adjacent photovoltaic panel (2) line during the duration of the warning signal. t , generate a fault degree prediction value Csie of the faulty line, and mark the electrical parameters of each line in the fault degree prediction value Csie in the form of an electronic tag in the fault degree prediction value Csie.

6. A photovoltaic panel mounting bracket as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The type of the photovoltaic panel (2) is identified by inputting the manufacturer and model of the photovoltaic panel (2) to the background monitoring system to obtain the specific type of the identified photovoltaic panel (2). In the rule engine, the type of the photovoltaic panel (2) and its corresponding power and transmitting end circuit are input and paired in advance.

7. A photovoltaic panel mounting bracket as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: When the diameter and conductivity of each line are consistent, the formula for generating the temperature calibration coefficient is as follows: Where, T is the ambient temperature, T L is the temperature at the line node, L and R represent the length and resistance of the line between the line connection node and the photovoltaic panel (2), respectively, and f(T) represents the temperature calibration coefficient when the ambient reference temperature is T; Generate fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t The formula is as follows: Wherein, Ey, Ez, and Ep represent the voltage, resistance, and power of the line at the same time in the line, respectively; a1, a2, and a3 are preset proportional coefficients of the voltage Ey, the resistance Ez, and the power Ep, respectively; and a3>a1>a2>0.

8. A photovoltaic panel mounting bracket as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: Before the generation of the degree prediction value Csie, a line distribution location map is generated in the plane map according to the laying status of the line, and the coordinates of each line node and the photovoltaic panel (2) are marked in the plane map. After the generation of the fault degree prediction value Csie, a fault area map is generated on the map according to the distribution range of the fault degree prediction value Csie. The formula for generating the degree prediction value Csie is as follows: Where, δ is the fault prediction evaluation coefficient Eoc t The proportional coefficient is G, which is a constant correction coefficient, and δ>0.

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