A precision ball screw with dustproof function and use method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a precision ball screw with dustproof function and a method for using the same, and relates to the technical field of ball screws, including a screw, one end of which is provided with a screw support seat, and the interior of the screw support seat is provided with four sets of self-locking components, and the self-locking components are used to prevent the screw from reversing. The present invention installs the self-locking component, and after the stepper motor stops running, the laser distance sensor assists in judging whether the screw and the reverser are reversed under the action of the load, and if it is detected that the distance between the reverser and the stepper motor still changes, the self-locking component is triggered to start, the electromagnet is powered off, and the magnetic attraction between the electromagnet and the iron block disappears, and the spring exerts elastic force on the electromagnet due to elastic deformation, pushing the electromagnet to approach the screw, and at the same time, the telescopic rod is extended with the electromagnet, and the position between the electromagnet and the iron block is limited until the electromagnet is stuck in the groove, so as to force the screw to stop reversing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ball screws, and in particular to a precision ball screw with a dustproof function and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The ball screw is a commonly used transmission element used to convert reverse motion into linear motion, or vice versa. Existing ball screws cannot self-lock after the motor stops and may reverse under the influence of load, seriously affecting the accuracy of screw positioning.

[0003] The defects of existing ball screws are:

[0004] 1. Patent document US11111990B2 discloses a ball screw, which mainly considers how to achieve a smooth movement of the ball of the bass screw in the return path of the circulation assembly, but does not consider how to deal with the problem of the ball screw being reversed due to the influence of the load;

[0005] 2. Patent document JP6467795B2 discloses a ball screw, which mainly considers providing a top-type ball screw that can be easily installed at the top in a short time, but does not consider how to improve the positioning accuracy of the ball screw;

[0006] 3. Patent document CN107110314B discloses a ball screw, which mainly considers how to reduce the deviation of the load distribution of the ball to achieve a longer life of the ball screw, but does not consider how to prevent dust from entering the nut;

[0007] 4. Patent document CN108027027B discloses a ball screw, which mainly considers how to improve the durability of the ball screw with respect to radial loads and moment loads without increasing the overall shape and without providing multiple ball return components, but does not consider how to reduce friction loss to extend the service life of the ball screw. Summary of the invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a precision ball screw with dustproof function and a method of using the same, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a precision ball screw with dustproof function, comprising a screw, one end of which is equipped with a screw support seat, four sets of self-locking components are installed inside the screw support seat, and the self-locking components are used to prevent the screw from reversing;

[0010] The self-locking assembly includes an iron block installed inside the screw support seat, a telescopic rod is installed on one side of the iron block close to the screw, an electromagnet is installed on the output end of the telescopic rod, a spring is installed between the electromagnet and the iron block, and the spring is located inside the telescopic rod;

[0011] A stepper motor is installed at the other end of the screw, a reverser is sleeved on the outer surface of the screw, a laser distance sensor is embedded and installed at one end of the reverser, and the laser distance sensor is used to detect the distance between the reverser and the stepper motor.

[0012] Preferably, the outer surface of the screw is evenly provided with threaded guide rails, the interior of the reverser is provided with ball grooves and circulation grooves, and the circulation grooves connect the two ends of the ball grooves, and steel balls are arranged inside the circulation grooves and the ball grooves.

[0013] Preferably, a nut is installed on the outer surface of the reverser, an oil pipe is opened on the top of the nut, and the oil pipe is connected to the circulation groove.

[0014] Preferably, a sealing cover is installed on the top of the nut, and the sealing cover is located inside the oil pipe, and a sealing soft plug is installed on the bottom end of the sealing cover.

[0015] Preferably, special soft brushes are installed at both ends of the deflector by bolts, and the special soft brushes are irregular inverted L-shape, and the bottom surface of the special soft brushes fits with the inner surface of the threaded guide rail.

[0016] Preferably, sealing rings are installed inside both ends of the reverser, arc-shaped protrusions are installed inside the sealing rings, and the arc-shaped protrusions are located inside the threaded guide rails.

[0017] Preferably, four groups of grooves are evenly formed on the outer surface of one end of the screw.

[0018] Preferably, a bearing is installed inside the screw support seat, and the bearing is located outside the screw rod and behind the spring.

[0019] Preferably, the method of using the ball screw is as follows:

[0020] S1. Before using the ball screw, first install the object to be moved on the nut, then open the sealing cover and add lubricating oil into the oil pipe. Under the action of gravity, the lubricating oil will enter the circulation groove and adhere to the surface of the steel ball to reduce the friction loss between the steel balls. Then, put the sealing cover into the oil pipe to prevent dust from entering.

[0021] S2. Start the stepper motor to drive the screw to rotate, so that the steel ball is forced to roll in the spiral raceway formed by the threaded guide rail, ball groove and circulation groove, so that the moving object and the nut can move linearly relative to the screw. While the nut is moving, the special soft brush will first clean the dust in the threaded guide rail;

[0022] S3. While the nut is moving, the laser distance sensor will detect the distance between the inverter and the stepper motor in real time, accurately locate the position of the object, and after moving to a specific position, stop the stepper motor, and the screw will stop rotating, so that the nut and the inverter stop moving. The laser distance sensor continues to detect the distance between the inverter and the stepper motor to determine whether the inverter is reversed.

[0023] S4. When the reverser is detected, the self-locking assembly is triggered to clamp the screw, and the screw, nut and reverser are urgently stopped.

[0024] Preferably, in step S4, the following steps are also included:

[0025] S41, the self-locking component is started, the electromagnet is powered off, the magnetic force on the electromagnet disappears, and the suction force between the electromagnet and the iron block disappears. Under the elastic action of the spring, the electromagnet is pushed closer to the screw until the electromagnet is stuck in the groove to prevent the screw from continuing to reverse.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. The present invention installs a self-locking component. After the stepper motor stops running, the laser ranging sensor assists in judging whether the screw and the reverser are reversed under the action of the load. If it is detected that the distance between the reverser and the stepper motor is still changing, it means that the screw and the reverser are reversed, and the self-locking component is triggered to start, the electromagnet is powered off, the magnetism on the electromagnet disappears, and the magnetic attraction between the electromagnet and the iron block disappears. The spring has elastic force on the electromagnet due to elastic deformation, pushing the electromagnet to approach the screw. The electromagnet fits on the surface of the screw under the elastic action of the spring, and the screw continues to reverse until the electromagnet is aligned with the groove. The electromagnet will immediately get stuck in the groove under the elastic force of the spring. Since the telescopic rod extends with the electromagnet, when the electromagnet is stuck in the groove, the telescopic rod plays a limiting role to force the screw to stop reversing.

[0028] 2. The present invention installs a laser ranging sensor. The laser diode in the laser ranging sensor emits laser pulses to the stepper motor. After being reflected by the stepper motor, part of the scattered light returns to the receiver of the laser ranging sensor. The laser ranging sensor measures the distance between the stepper motor and the inverter by calculating the total time from laser emission to laser reception, thereby achieving precise positioning and further improving the positioning accuracy of the ball screw. At the same time, the laser ranging sensor helps to determine whether the screw and the inverter are reversed under the action of the load after the stepper motor stops running.

[0029] 3. The present invention installs special soft brushes and sealing rings. Sealing rings are installed inside both ends of the reverser. Arc spiral convex blocks are arranged on the sealing rings. The convex blocks are stuck in the threaded guide rails, which increase the sealing performance of the sealing rings and serve as the first barrier to prevent dust from entering. In addition, special soft brushes are installed at both ends of the reverser by bolts, which is convenient for installation and disassembly. The special soft brushes are replaced regularly to prevent excessive dust accumulation on the special soft brushes and affect the dust removal efficiency. The special soft brushes are stuck in the threaded guide rails. When the screw rotates to drive the reverser to move, the special soft brush moves accordingly to clean up the dust in the threaded guide rails and prevent dust from entering the reverser.

[0030] 4. The present invention installs a sealing cover and a sealing plug, opens the sealing cover, and pours lubricating oil from the oil pipe. Since the oil pipe is connected to the circulation groove, the lubricating oil will flow into the circulation groove along the oil pipe under the action of gravity, and the steel balls will roll in the raceway formed by the ball groove, the circulation groove and the threaded guide rail, so that a layer of lubricating oil is attached to the surface of each steel ball, further reducing the friction resistance between the steel balls, effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of the transmission, reducing the friction between the steel balls to prevent wear, and effectively extending the service life of the steel balls. At the same time, the reduction in friction resistance can reduce the generation of heat, making it easier to add lubricating oil, and the sealing plug under the sealing cover effectively increases the sealing performance to prevent dust from falling into the oil pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of A;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the nut of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the reverser of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the plane structure of B;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the screw of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the self-locking assembly of the present invention when unlocked;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the self-locking assembly of the present invention being locked;

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a flow chart of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1. Screw; 2. Nut; 3. Reverser; 4. Laser ranging sensor; 5. Sealing cover; 6. Stepper motor; 7. Screw support seat; 8. Special soft brush; 9. Threaded guide; 10. Sealing ring; 11. Circulation groove; 12. Steel ball; 13. Sealing plug; 14. Oil pipe; 15. Groove; 16. Bearing; 17. Iron block; 18. Electromagnet; 19. Telescopic rod; 20. Spring; 21. Ball groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] See also Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , an embodiment of the present invention provides: a precision ball screw with dustproof function, comprising a screw 1, one end of the screw 1 is installed with a screw support seat 7, four sets of self-locking components are installed inside the screw support seat 7, and the self-locking components are used to prevent the screw 1 from reversing;

[0045] The self-locking assembly includes an iron block 17 installed inside the screw support seat 7, a telescopic rod 19 is installed on one side of the iron block 17 close to the screw 1, an electromagnet 18 is installed at the output end of the telescopic rod 19, a spring 20 is installed between the electromagnet 18 and the iron block 17, and the spring 20 is located inside the telescopic rod 19;

[0046] A stepper motor 6 is installed at the other end of the screw 1, and a reverser 3 is sleeved on the outer surface of the screw 1. A laser distance sensor 4 is embedded and installed at one end of the reverser 3, and the laser distance sensor 4 is used to detect the distance between the reverser 3 and the stepper motor 6;

[0047] The outer surface of one end of the screw rod 1 is evenly provided with four groups of grooves 15;

[0048] A bearing 16 is installed inside the screw support seat 7 , and the bearing 16 is located outside the screw rod 1 , and the bearing 16 is located behind the spring 20 .

[0049] Furthermore, the stepper motor 6 starts, driving the screw 1 to rotate, and then driving the nut 2 and the reverser 3 to make a linear motion along the screw 1. The laser ranging sensor 4 detects the distance between the reverser 3 and the stepper motor 6 in real time, and realizes the precise positioning of the moving object through the detected distance. At the same time, it assists in judging whether the screw 1 and the reverser 3 are reversed under the action of the load after the stepper motor 6 stops running. When the stepper motor 6 stops running, the laser ranging sensor 4 detects that the distance between the reverser 3 and the stepper motor 6 has changed, indicating that the screw 1 and the reverser 3 are reversed, triggering the self-locking component to start, the electromagnet 18 is powered off, and the magnetic field on the electromagnet 18 is turned off. The spring 20 exerts an elastic force on the electromagnet 18 due to its elastic deformation, pushing the electromagnet 18 to approach the screw 1. The electromagnet 18 is attached to the surface of the screw 1 under the elastic action of the spring 20, and the screw 1 continues to reverse until the electromagnet 18 is aligned with the groove 15. The electromagnet 18 will be immediately stuck in the groove 15 under the elastic force of the spring 20. Since the telescopic rod 19 extends with the electromagnet 18, when the electromagnet 18 is stuck in the groove 15, the telescopic rod 19 plays a limiting role to force the screw 1 to stop reversing, and the self-locking component is used to clamp the screw 1 to prevent the nut 2 from reversing under the action of the load.

[0050] The laser diode in the laser ranging sensor 4 emits a laser pulse to the stepper motor 6. After being reflected by the stepper motor 6, part of the scattered light returns to the receiver of the laser ranging sensor 4. The laser ranging sensor 4 measures the distance between the stepper motor 6 and the inverter 3 by calculating the total time from the emission to the reception of the laser. In actual use, an infrared ranging sensor can also be used to achieve this function. The infrared transmitting tube in the infrared ranging sensor will emit an infrared signal of a specific frequency. When the infrared signal encounters an obstacle, it will be reflected back and received by the receiving tube of the infrared ranging sensor. According to the time difference from the emission to the reception of the infrared light, the distance between the stepper motor 6 and the inverter 3 can be calculated.

[0051] See also Figure 1 and Figure 4 An embodiment of the present invention is: a precision ball screw with dustproof function, wherein the outer surface of the screw 1 is evenly provided with threaded guide rails 9, the interior of the deflector 3 is provided with ball grooves 21 and circulation grooves 11, and the circulation groove 11 connects the two ends of the ball groove 21, and steel balls 12 are arranged inside the circulation groove 11 and the ball groove 21.

[0052] Furthermore, a threaded guide rail 9 is machined on the screw 1, and the threaded guide rail 9 is in the shape of an arc-shaped spiral groove. A ball groove 21 and a circulation groove 11 are machined inside the reverser 3, and the circulation groove 11 connects the two ends of the ball groove 21. The threaded guide rail 9, the circulation groove 11 and the ball groove 21 together form a spiral raceway. When the screw 1 rotates, the steel ball 12 is forced to roll in the guide groove between the screw 1 and the reverser 3. The steel ball 12 rolls between the screw 1 and the reverser 3 to achieve the purpose of converting the rotational motion of the screw 1 into linear motion. Since the rolling friction coefficient of the steel ball 12 is small, the friction loss is relatively small, which improves the transmission efficiency of the ball screw, thereby improving the transmission efficiency.

[0053] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , an embodiment of the present invention: a precision ball screw with dustproof function, the outer surface of the deflector 3 is mounted with a nut 2, the top of the nut 2 is provided with an oil pipe 14, and the oil pipe 14 is connected to the circulation groove 11;

[0054] A sealing cover 5 is installed on the top of the nut 2 , and the sealing cover 5 is located inside the oil pipe 14 . A sealing soft plug 13 is installed on the bottom end of the sealing cover 5 .

[0055] Further, the sealing cover 5 is opened, and the lubricating oil is poured in from the oil pipe 14. Since the oil pipe 14 is connected to the circulation groove 11, the lubricating oil will flow into the circulation groove 11 along the oil pipe 14 under the action of gravity, and the steel balls 12 will roll in the raceway formed by the ball groove 21, the circulation groove 11 and the threaded guide rail 9, so that a layer of lubricating oil is attached to the surface of each steel ball 12, further reducing the friction resistance between the steel balls 12, effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of the transmission, reducing the friction between the steel balls 12 to prevent wear, and effectively extending the service life of the steel balls 12. At the same time, the heat generation can be reduced due to the reduction of friction resistance;

[0056] After the lubricating oil is added, the sealing cover 5 is re-inserted into the oil pipe 14 to prevent dust from falling into the oil pipe 14 and entering the interior of the reverser 3 to affect the rolling of the steel ball 12. The sealing plug 13 under the sealing cover 5 effectively increases the sealing performance and avoids a gap between the oil pipe 14 and the sealing cover 5.

[0057] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Fig. 9, an embodiment of the present invention: a precision ball screw with dustproof function, both ends of the deflector 3 are equipped with special soft brushes 8 by bolts, and the special soft brush 8 is irregular inverted L-shaped, and the bottom surface of the special soft brush 8 is in contact with the inner surface of the threaded guide rail 9;

[0058] Sealing rings 10 are installed inside both ends of the deflector 3 , arc-shaped protrusions are installed inside the sealing rings 10 , and the arc-shaped protrusions are located inside the threaded guide rails 9 .

[0059] Furthermore, a special soft brush 8 is installed at both ends of the reverser 3 by bolts, which is convenient for installation and disassembly. The special soft brush 8 is replaced regularly to prevent excessive dust accumulation on the special soft brush 8 and affect the dust removal efficiency. The special soft brush 8 is stuck in the threaded guide rail 9. When the screw 1 rotates to drive the reverser 3 to move, the special soft brush 8 moves accordingly to clean up the dust in the threaded guide rail 9 and prevent the dust from entering the reverser 3. In addition, sealing rings 10 are installed inside the two ends of the reverser 3. The sealing ring 10 is provided with a circular arc spiral protrusion. The protrusion is stuck in the threaded guide rail 9, which increases the sealing performance of the sealing ring 10 and serves as the first barrier to prevent dust from entering.

[0060] Further, the method of using the ball screw is as follows:

[0061] S1. Before using the ball screw, first install the object to be moved on the nut 2, then open the sealing cover 5, add lubricating oil into the oil pipe 14, and under the action of gravity, the lubricating oil will enter the circulation groove 11, thereby adhering to the surface of the steel ball 12, reducing the friction loss between the steel balls 12, and then cover the sealing cover 5 into the oil pipe 14 to prevent dust from entering;

[0062] S2, start the stepper motor 6, drive the screw 1 to rotate, so that the steel ball 12 is forced to roll in the spiral raceway formed by the threaded guide rail 9, the ball groove 21 and the circulation groove 11, so that the object to be moved and the nut 2 can move linearly relative to the screw 1. While the nut 2 moves, the special soft brush 8 will first clean the dust in the threaded guide rail 9;

[0063] S3, while the nut 2 moves, the laser distance sensor 4 will detect the distance between the inverter 3 and the stepper motor 6 in real time, accurately locate the position of the object, and after moving to a specific position, stop the stepper motor 6, and the screw 1 will stop rotating, so that the nut 2 and the inverter 3 stop moving, and the laser distance sensor 4 will continue to detect the distance between the inverter 3 and the stepper motor 6 to determine whether the inverter 3 is reversed;

[0064] S4. When it is detected that the reverser 3 is reversed, the self-locking component is triggered to clamp the screw 1, and the screw 1, the nut 2 and the reverser 3 are urgently stopped.

[0065] Furthermore, in step S4, the following steps are also included:

[0066] S41, the self-locking component is started, the electromagnet 18 is powered off, the magnetic force on the electromagnet 18 disappears, so that the suction force between the electromagnet 18 and the iron block 17 disappears, and the electromagnet 18 is pushed closer to the screw 1 under the elastic action of the spring 20 until the electromagnet 18 is stuck in the groove 15 to prevent the screw 1 from continuing to reverse.

[0067] Working principle: Before using the ball screw, first install the object to be moved on the nut 2, then open the sealing cover 5, add lubricating oil into the oil pipe 14, and under the action of gravity, the lubricating oil will enter the circulation groove 11 and adhere to the surface of the steel ball 12;

[0068] Start the stepper motor 6 to drive the screw 1 to rotate, so that the steel ball 12 is forced to roll in the spiral raceway formed by the threaded guide rail 9, the ball groove 21 and the circulation groove 11, so that the object to be moved and the nut 2 can move linearly relative to the screw 1. While the nut 2 moves, the special soft brush 8 will first clean the dust in the threaded guide rail 9. At the same time, the laser ranging sensor 4 will detect the distance between the inverter 3 and the stepper motor 6 in real time. When the stepper motor 6 stops running, it assists in determining whether the inverter 3 is rotating. When it is detected that the inverter 3 is reversed, the self-locking component is triggered to clamp the screw 1 to prevent reverse rotation.

[0069] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A precision ball screw with dustproof function, characterized in that: It comprises a screw rod (1), one end of the screw rod (1) being mounted with a screw support seat (7), the interior of the screw support seat (7) being mounted with four sets of self-locking components, and the self-locking components being used to prevent the screw rod (1) from rotating backwards; The self-locking component comprises an iron block (17) mounted inside a screw support seat (7), a telescopic rod (19) being mounted on a side of the iron block (17) close to the screw rod (1), an electromagnet (18) being mounted on the output end of the telescopic rod (19), a spring (20) being mounted between the electromagnet (18) and the iron block (17), and the spring (20) being located inside the telescopic rod (19); A stepper motor (6) is mounted on the other end of the screw rod (1); a reverser (3) is sleeved on the outer surface of the screw rod (1); a laser distance sensor (4) is embedded and mounted on one end of the reverser (3); and the laser distance sensor (4) is used to detect the distance between the reverser (3) and the stepper motor (6); The outer surface of the screw rod (1) is evenly provided with threaded guide rails (9), the interior of the deflector (3) is provided with a ball groove (21) and a circulation groove (11), and the circulation groove (11) is connected to both ends of the ball groove (21), and steel balls (12) are arranged inside the circulation groove (11) and the ball groove (21); A nut (2) is mounted on the outer surface of the deflector (3), an oil pipe (14) is provided on the top of the nut (2), and the oil pipe (14) is connected to the circulation groove (11); A sealing cover (5) is installed on the top of the nut (2), and the sealing cover (5) is located inside the oil pipe (14), and a sealing soft plug (13) is installed on the bottom end of the sealing cover (5); Soft brushes (8) are mounted on both ends of the deflector (3) by means of bolts, and the soft brushes (8) are in an irregular inverted L shape, and the bottom surface of the soft brush (8) fits the inner surface of the threaded guide rail (9); The laser distance measuring sensor (4) detects the distance between the inverter (3) and the stepping motor (6) to determine whether the inverter (3) is in reverse rotation.

2. The precision ball screw with dustproof function according to claim 1, characterized in that: Sealing rings (10) are installed inside both ends of the reverser (3), arc-shaped protrusions are installed inside the sealing rings (10), and the arc-shaped protrusions are located inside the threaded guide rails (9).

3. The precision ball screw with dustproof function according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four groups of grooves (15) are evenly arranged on the outer surface of one end of the screw rod (1).

4. The precision ball screw with dustproof function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bearing (16) is installed inside the screw support seat (7), and the bearing (16) is located outside the screw rod (1), and the bearing (16) is located behind the spring (20).

5. The method for using a precision ball screw with dustproof function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The use of the ball screw is as follows: S1. Before using the ball screw, first install the object to be moved on the nut (2), then open the sealing cover (5), add lubricating oil into the oil pipe (14), and under the action of gravity, the lubricating oil will enter the circulation groove (11), thereby adhering to the surface of the steel balls (12), reducing the friction loss between the steel balls (12), and then cover the sealing cover (5) into the oil pipe (14) to prevent dust from entering; S2, starting the stepper motor (6) to drive the screw (1) to rotate, so that the steel ball (12) is forced to roll in the spiral raceway formed by the threaded guide rail (9), the ball groove (21) and the circulation groove (11), thereby achieving a linear motion of the object to be moved and the nut (2) relative to the screw (1). While the nut (2) is moving, the soft brush (8) will first clean the dust in the threaded guide rail (9); S3, while the nut (2) moves, the laser distance sensor (4) detects the distance between the inverter (3) and the stepper motor (6) in real time, accurately locates the position of the object, and after moving to a specific position, stops the stepper motor (6), and the screw (1) stops rotating, causing the nut (2) and the inverter (3) to stop moving. The laser distance sensor (4) continues to detect the distance between the inverter (3) and the stepper motor (6), and determines whether the inverter (3) is reversed; S4. When it is detected that the reverser (3) is reversed, the self-locking component is triggered to clamp the screw (1), and the screw (1), the nut (2) and the reverser (3) are urgently stopped.

6. The method for using a precision ball screw with dustproof function according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S4, the following steps are also included: S41, the self-locking component is activated, the electromagnet (18) is powered off, the magnetic force on the electromagnet (18) disappears, and the suction force between the electromagnet (18) and the iron block (17) disappears. Under the elastic action of the spring (20), the electromagnet (18) is pushed closer to the screw (1) until the electromagnet (18) is stuck in the groove (15), thereby preventing the screw (1) from continuing to reverse.

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