High-precision feeding and automatic processing of head and tail of material

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of high-precision feeding and head tail automatic processing method, the efficient cooperation of position sensor and encoder is realized to the real-time monitoring and accurate control of feeding process by this method, i.e., the method can automatically detect the tail position of bar, accurately calculate the remaining length, and accurately control the lifting and pressing of the upper wheel of the feeding wheel group at the critical moment, ensure the seamless connection and stable clamping between new and old material rods, this innovation not only greatly improves the consistency and reliability of product, but also significantly reduces the error that may be introduced due to manual operation, effectively reduces the labor intensity and overall production cost.In addition, the optimized waste treatment process further enhances the economy, brings significant benefits to the material cutting and forming process in modern manufacturing, making the entire production process more efficient, environmentally friendly and economical.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of heating treatment equipment for metal materials, and particularly to a high-precision feeding and automatic processing method for material head and tail. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of modern manufacturing industry, higher standards are put forward for the machining precision and production efficiency of parts. Especially in the key fields of mechanical manufacturing such as automobiles, aviation and molds, the cutting and forming process of materials becomes crucial. The traditional manual feeding and cutting method has been unable to meet the needs of mass production, and it is also difficult to meet the specification requirements of high-precision machining. Therefore, the development of automatic feeding and cutting technology has become an inevitable choice for the progress of the industry.

[0003] In a typical machining process, the blanks are usually cut from the profiles one by one, especially in mass production. In such a process, a profile is divided into multiple segments, and each profile is continuously fed into the cutting machine, and the cutting knife continuously cuts. Such cutting method ensures that the end face of the blank cut by the cutting knife is smooth, the shape and position precision is high, and it meets the requirements of high-precision product machining. However, the material head and tail parts that have not been cut by the cutting knife often retain the original defects such as scratches, corrosion and burrs, which makes them not meet the standards of high-precision machining. Especially the material tail part, its length often cannot reach the precise size of the required blank.

[0004] In order to ensure the quality of the blank, the material head and tail parts that affect the quality must be removed from the cutting process. At room temperature, manual intervention can achieve this removal process, but for materials that have been subjected to heat treatment, the difficulty of this process increases significantly. From the perspective of saving materials, reducing costs and protecting cutting equipment, the length of the material head removed should not be too long, and the length of the material tail removed needs to be retained to avoid damaging the cutting equipment or affecting the cutting quality of the last segment of the blank, thereby avoiding the generation of waste products.

[0005] In addition, there is a certain manufacturing error in the length of each rod in actual production, and the length of the tail material caused by different cutting lengths is also different. Even when cutting blanks of the same length, the normal error fluctuation may also cause the length of the tail material to change. Therefore, a complete solution is urgently needed to adapt to the cutting requirements of the length change of the material head and tail to realize a more efficient, more economical and more accurate automatic cutting process. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a high-precision feeding and automatic processing method for material head and tail of a profile, which has high quality and high economy.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the high-precision feeding and head / tail automatic processing method is designed, which comprises the following steps:

[0008] I. The standby material rod is stored in the storage rack, and the material rod is conveyed to the feeding component through the conveying belt;

[0009] II. The position of the tail of the material rod is detected in real time by the position sensor SQP, and when the tail of the previous material rod passes,

[0010] the new material rod on the storage rack is automatically pushed into the conveying belt and pushed to the tail of the previous material rod being cut;

[0011] III. The feeding component composed of the upper and lower feeding wheel groups is used to feed the material rod to the tail, and the upper feeding wheel moves upward

[0012] and forms a feeding gap with the lower feeding wheel to introduce and clamp the new material rod;

[0013] IV. The upper and lower feeding wheel groups synchronously feed the material rod, so that the material rod passes through the support of the sleeve structure and is cut and formed by the cutter component;

[0014] V. The head / tail automatic processing method is used to synchronously complete the cutting of the head and tail to obtain the upsetting blank, and the specific steps comprise:

[0015] I. An encoder PG for detecting the rotation angle of the feeding wheel within any feeding length is installed on the wheel shaft of the feeding wheel;

[0016] II. The rotation angle of the feeding wheel detected by the encoder PG is combined with the working radius R of the feeding wheel to calculate the actual feeding length S0 when the tail of the material rod passes through the position sensor SQP:

[0017] S0=β0R,

[0018] wherein β0 is the angle of the encoder PG rotating through β radian, and R is the working radius of the feeding wheel;

[0019] III. The feeding times of the feeding wheel group are counted by the counter C to calculate the remaining material length L after feeding a cutting length i :

[0020] L i =L1+L2+S0-C i L,

[0021] wherein L1 is the distance from the position sensor SQP to the center position of the feeding wheel, L2 is the distance from the cutter shearing surface of the cutter component to the center position of the feeding wheel, and L is the standard length;

[0022] ⅳ. When the remaining length of the stock is less than one standard length, the remaining tail is treated as waste; for the head of the new stock, a standard length of the head is cut off and treated as waste, or the head of the new stock is cut off together with the tail of the previous stock, and both are treated as waste.

[0023] In order to improve the feeding accuracy, in step Ⅲ, a leading point is provided between the position sensor SQP and the feeding wheel set, the distance between the leading point and the center of the feeding wheel is Kr, when the tail of the previous stock moves to the leading point, the upper feeding wheel moves up to form a feeding gap with the lower feeding wheel, wherein r is the radius of the stock, and K is a coefficient related to the radius of the stock.

[0024] Further, when L1-C i When L≤Kr, the upper feeding wheel of the feeding wheel set is lifted; when L1-C i When L<0, the upper feeding wheel of the feeding wheel set is pressed down.

[0025] In order to improve the cutting accuracy, the cutter part includes a fixed blocking block and a movable cutter, the cutter is provided with a clamping mechanism which is configured to move synchronously with the cutter to clamp the upset stock formed by cutting.

[0026] In order to improve the utilization rate of the stock, in step ⅳ, the head of the new stock is cut off together with the tail of the previous stock, and both are treated as waste.

[0027] In order to avoid affecting the quality of the cutting surface and generating shape and position errors, in step ⅳ, a coefficient K1 related to the radius r of the stock is given, when L+K1r<L i <2L, after the feeding wheel set advances one cutting length and completes the cutting of the current stock, the tail of the current stock is treated as waste.

[0028] Further, in step ⅳ, when L<L i <L+K1r, the entire length of the current cutting stock is treated as waste.

[0029] The high-precision feeding and automatic head and tail processing method designed by the application realizes real-time monitoring and accurate control of the feeding process through the efficient cooperation of the position sensor and the encoder, that is, the method can automatically detect the tail position of the bar, accurately calculate the remaining length, and accurately control the lifting and pressing of the upper wheel of the feeding wheel group at the key moment, ensuring seamless connection and stable clamping between new and old material rods. This innovation not only greatly improves the consistency and reliability of the product, but also significantly reduces the errors that may be introduced by manual operation, effectively reduces the labor intensity and overall production cost. In addition, the optimized waste processing process further enhances the economy, bringing significant benefits to the material cutting and forming process in modern manufacturing, making the entire production process more efficient, environmentally friendly and economical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is the principle diagram of the shearing device in the application;

[0031] Figure 2 is the length relationship diagram of the sheared waste material in the application;

[0032] Figure 3 is the structure block diagram of the shearing control system in the application;

[0033] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the free processing of the tail and the length of the head being equal to one material length in the application;

[0034] Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the free processing of the tail and the length of the tail + head being equal to one material length in the application;

[0035] Figure 6 is the shearing schematic diagram of the tail and the head length meeting the clamping length requirement in the application;

[0036] Figure 7 is the shearing schematic diagram of the tail and the head length being equal to the material diameter in the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The preferred embodiments of the application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the application, and are not used to limit the application.

[0038] Example 1.

[0039] The high-precision feeding and automatic head and tail processing method of an embodiment of the application is suitable for material cutting at various temperatures, and is particularly suitable for continuous rod blank cutting on an automatic upsetting machine with a heating system on a warm upsetting forming machine.

[0040] Figure 1is a schematic diagram according to an exemplary embodiment, the method comprising steps I-V.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the principles of the present disclosure are described in detail in the context of a warm-up upsetting application, which consists of five parts: a storage rack, a conveyor belt 10, a feeding component 20, a cutting component 30, and a detection component 40 (position sensor SQP), which specifically includes the following steps:

[0042] I. Store spare material rods in the storage rack and transport them to the feeding component 20 through the conveyor belt 10;

[0043] In practice, the storage rack is used to store spare material rods, and the bundled rods are lifted onto the storage rack, and the conveyor belt 10 is used to transport the new rods that are to be cut next. In addition, a heating device 50 and a temperature control system can be provided between the conveyor belt 10 and the feeding component 20 to ensure that the newly transported rods are heated as fully and uniformly as the original rods.

[0044] II. Detect the position of the tail of the material rod in real time through the position sensor SQP, and when the tail of the previous material rod is detected,

[0045] Automatically push the new material rod on the storage rack into the conveyor belt 10 and push it to the tail of the previous material rod being cut;

[0046] In practice, when the tail of the current rod is detected by the position sensor SQP during feeding, a rod on the storage rack is pushed onto the conveyor belt 10, and then the conveyor belt 10 is started to quickly push the rod that has fallen onto the conveyor belt 10 forward until it is pushed against the tail of the rod being cut into a blank in front, and then the feeding component 20 continues to feed the rod in front.

[0047] III. The feeding component 20 is composed of two sets of feeding wheels, and when the tail of the material rod is fed, the upper feeding wheel moves upward to form a feeding gap with the lower feeding wheel to introduce and clamp the new material rod;

[0048] In practice, the feeding component 20 is composed of two sets of feeding wheels, which are arranged in the feeding direction. The lower feeding wheel is fixed, and the upper feeding wheel is slidable up and down as a whole, which facilitates the placement and clamping of the subsequent rod for feeding.

[0049] For two groups of feeding wheel group (feeding component 20), it can be divided into feeding wheel group one 21 and feeding wheel group two 22. Specifically, the upper feeding wheel of feeding wheel group one 21 does not need to be adjusted again after adjusting the clamping force when processing rods with the same diameter. When the tail of the previous rod is fed to the upper feeding wheel of feeding wheel group two 22, it slides upward to form a gap, allowing the new rod to enter between the two feeding wheels of the two groups of wheel groups. Then the upper feeding wheel of feeding wheel group two 22 falls to clamp the new material. After being clamped, it can be sent forward under the driving force of the feeding wheel, and after passing through the feeding wheel group one 21, it is sent forward synchronously by the two groups of feeding wheel groups.

[0050] In this embodiment, the diameters of the feeding wheels in the two groups of feeding wheel groups are the same, and the transmission modes are also the same. A single feeding wheel assembly is composed of an axle, a bearing 60, a transmission gear, and a feeding wheel. The lower feeding wheels of the two groups of feeding wheel groups are installed on the base of the feeding component 20 through the bearing 60 and cannot move but only rotate. The upper feeding wheels can slide up and down. The upper feeding wheels are first installed on independent axle seats (square) and then installed together into the upper and lower adjusting grooves of the base. The clamping force between the two feeding wheels is adjusted by adjusting screws or oil cylinders (cylinders) on the upper side to fix. The clamping force of feeding wheel group one 21 is adjusted by adjusting screws acting on the clamping force between the two wheels to ensure that sufficient friction can be generated, so that it does not need to be changed during the feeding process of the same specification rod and continuous connection. The upper feeding wheel of feeding wheel group two 22 generally uses an oil cylinder (cylinder) to press and adjust the clamping force, which is convenient for disconnecting the head of the new material introduced during the feeding process and pressing the driving rod to feed forward. The power of the above-mentioned feeding wheel group is driven by a gear. The gear of the lower feeding wheel is driven by the gear at the end of the motor shaft driven by the independent motor. The gear on the motor drives the gears on the fixed feeding wheel shafts of the two groups. The two lower gears rotate synchronously and in the same direction. The gears on the fixed feeding wheel shafts drive the gears on the upper and lower sliding adjustment clamping upper feeding wheels to mesh. The two gears rotate synchronously and in opposite directions, that is, the upper and lower gears drive the same group of feeding wheels to clamp the rod and send it forward synchronously.

[0051] When the feeding wheel group two 22 is lifted, the tail of the rod is fed by the feeding wheel group one 21 alone. The new material behind is pushed into the upper and lower feeding wheels of the feeding wheel group two 22 after the feeding wheel group two 22 is lifted, and then it is pressed. Under the action of the pressing force, the new material is fed forward.

[0052] Ⅳ. The upper and lower two groups of feeding wheel groups send the rod forward synchronously, so that the rod passes through the sleeve structure support 60 and is cut and formed by the cutter component 30.

[0053] In the embodiment, the bar passes through the sleeve-shaped support 60 at the front and rear ends of the feeding wheel group, especially at the cutting edge of the cutting member 30, thereby fixing the cutting edge and supporting the bar, ensuring the quality and size accuracy of the shearing surface and reducing the shearing error caused by the lack of support of the bar.

[0054] V. The bar head and tail are simultaneously cut off by using the bar head and tail automatic processing method to obtain the upsetting blank, and the specific steps include:

[0055] I. An encoder PG (incremental encoder) for detecting the rotation angle of the feeding wheel within any feeding length is installed on the wheel shaft of the feeding wheel.

[0056] In an embodiment, the rotation angle of the feeding wheel can be determined by the following method:

[0057] L = aR

[0058] Wherein, L is the standard length (i.e. a standard shearing length), a is the rotation angle of the feeding wheel, and if it is represented by an angle a1, then:

[0059]

[0060] R is the working radius of the feeding wheel (the distance from the center of the bar to the center of the feeding wheel);

[0061] When feeding any length S, the encoder PG rotates through an angle b, and there is:

[0062]

[0063] Or

[0064]

[0065] II. The rotation angle of the feeding wheel detected by the encoder PG is combined with the working radius R of the feeding wheel to calculate the actual feeding length S0 when the tail of the bar passes through the position sensor SQP:

[0066]

[0067] S0 = b0R,

[0068] Wherein, b0 is the angle of the rotation of the encoder PG through an angle b, and R is the working radius of the feeding wheel;

[0069] That is, when the feeding approaches the tail, the feeding wheel continues to feed the bar of the shearing length, and when the tail passes through the position sensor SQP, the angle b of the encoder PG is read at the same time as the pulse signal of the position sensor SQP is generated. i That is, when the feeding approaches the tail, the feeding wheel continues to feed the bar of the shearing length, and when the tail passes through the position sensor SQP, the angle b of the encoder PG is read at the same time as the pulse signal of the position sensor SQP is generated. ​

[0070] As Figure 2 shown, when S0 is less than one feeding length (standard length), the remaining whole feeding length L0 in the feeding process can be obtained:

[0071] L0 = L1 + L2 + S0

[0072] ⅲ. The feeding times of the feeding wheel set are counted by the counter C, and the remaining feeding length L after each feeding length is calculated i :

[0073] L i = L1 + L2 + S0 - C i L,

[0074] wherein L1 is the distance from the position sensor SQP to the center position of the feeding wheel set, L2 is the distance from the cutting shear surface of the cutting tool part 30 to the center position of the feeding wheel set, and L is the standard length;

[0075] It should be noted that the position sensor SQP for detecting the tail is installed at a distance of L1 from the center position of the feeding wheel set two 22; the feeding wheel set two 22 is installed at a distance of L2 Figure 1 from the cutting shear surface of the cutting tool part 30, which is a structure parameter set for the feeding part 20 and the cutting tool part 30 and does not change with the feeding length.

[0076] That is, after the feeding counter C starts counting (zero before counting), the cumulative count is increased by 1 for each feeding length, and the remaining feeding length L i can be obtained by subtracting the total feeding length C i L from L1 + L2 + S0.

[0077] From the perspective of controlling feeding, the control system (PLC) calculates the remaining feeding length after each cutting when approaching the tail after obtaining the tail signal (SQP), and calculates the rotation angle of the driving motor of the feeding wheel set (i.e., the angle of the feeding wheel). For example, when the required feeding length is L, the control feeding wheel rotation angle a:

[0078]

[0079] In one embodiment, when the feeding wheel is driven by a motor with a speed reduction ratio, the speed reduction ratio i between the motor rotation angle and the feeding wheel is:

[0080]

[0081] The rotation angle of the motor is:

[0082]

[0083] That is, the greater the deceleration ratio i, the greater the motor angle, the higher the precision of open-loop control driving, if using closed-loop feedback control, high-precision servo motor can be used, and the feeding precision is higher. Herein is not specifically limited.

[0084] iv. When the remaining material length is less than one standard material length, the remaining tail is treated as waste material; for the head of the new material rod, the head of one standard material length is cut off as waste material, or the head of the new material rod is cut off together with the tail of the previous material rod by one standard material length, and they are treated as waste material together.

[0085] That is, as shown in Figure 4 , for tail processing, the cutter can cut off the qualified one, and the tail of less than one material length is treated as waste material and automatically dropped into the waste chute with the feeding of the feeding member 20, and for the head, one material length can be cut off, or as shown in Figure 5 , the tail of the previous material rod and the head of the new material rod are cut off together by one material length.

[0086] Example: from the above formula: L i = L1+L2+S0-C i L,

[0087] The final tail length (L O ) is calculated: L O ≤ L

[0088] When producing, the tail of the previous material rod is pushed out of the support 60 by the new rod pushed behind, and under the action of gravity, it falls into the waste chute when it is not pushed into the blocking block.

[0089] When the feeding length control is mainly controlled by the feeding wheel, the feeding member 20 continues to feed because the tail of the previous rod is not pushed against the blocking block, and the head part of the new rod is continuously fed in this case. In this case, the total length of the feeding member 20 is the tail length L O plus the head L I of one material length, that is, one material length (head length) of the previous rod and the new material rod is cut off at one time, and the total length is:

[0090] L IO = L O + L I = L O + L

[0091] The length relationship is:

[0092] L < L IO ≤ 2L

[0093] The angle turned by the feeding wheel when processing the tail and the head is:

[0094] α < β IO ≤ 2α

[0095] The angle of the feeding wheel turned when converting into processing tail and head:

[0096]

[0097] With the processing method, on the one hand, the tail material less than a length of material automatically falls off during feeding, and on the other hand, the head of a new bar material is fed into cutting.

[0098] When the cutting of the tail and the head is completed, the counter C is cleared, and preparation is made for the next processing of the tail and the head.

[0099] In addition, as shown in the figure, when the feeding is open-loop control or (semi-) closed-loop control driven by the motor, the motor-driven feeding wheel rotation angle is still αfeed, the total length of the fed material is L, and the length of the cut head is: Figure 5 L I = L - L O

[0100]

[0101] In other words, the remaining tail during feeding, if the head part still requires cutting of a standard length of material, β IO is the angle of the feeding wheel to be turned controlled by the control system.

[0102] In an embodiment, in order to improve the feeding accuracy, a pre-point 70 is provided between the position sensor SQP and the feeding wheel set in step III, the distance of the pre-point 70 from the center position of the feeding wheel is Kr, and when the tail of the previous bar moves to the pre-point 70, the upper feeding wheel moves upward to form a feeding gap with the lower feeding wheel, wherein r is the radius of the bar, and K is a coefficient related to the radius of the bar.

[0103] Specifically, in actual production, the lifting of the upper feeding wheel of the feeding wheel set two 22 requires a pre-amount, and the pre-amount should be reasonable. If the pre-amount is too large, the upper feeding wheel is lifted too early, and the material is fed by the feeding wheel set one 21 for a long time, which may result in insufficient feeding power. If the pre-amount is too late, the subsequent new bar is already pressed between the upper and lower feeding wheels of the feeding wheel set two 22, and cannot enter between the two wheels, which affects the feeding of the subsequent material, and further leads to the possibility of separation of the front and rear bars.

[0104] The pre-amount L3 of the lifting of the upper feeding wheel of the feeding wheel set two 22 is preferably determined according to the size of the radius (or diameter) of the bar and the feeding speed in the embodiment, and L3 = Kr is taken.

[0105] ​Therefore, the advanced detection point can detect the approach of the tail of the material by a certain distance in advance, thereby reserving sufficient time for the lifting action of the upper feeding wheel, so that the problem that the new material rod cannot enter smoothly due to the late lifting of the upper feeding wheel can be avoided, and continuous and stable feeding of the subsequent material can be ensured. In the embodiment, the value of the coefficient K can be 2, that is, when the advanced detection point is at a distance of 2 material rod radii from the center of the feeding wheel set, the feeding demand in actual production can be well met, and the stability and precision of feeding are improved.

[0106] In one embodiment, when L1-C i L≤Kr, the upper feeding wheel of the feeding wheel set is lifted; L1-C i L<0, the upper feeding wheel of the feeding wheel set is pressed down.

[0107] Specifically: when the length L1 of the feeding wheel of the feeding wheel set two 22 to the position sensor SQP minus the total feeding length C of the previous material rod i When L is less than or equal to the advance Kr, at this time, the length of the tail of the previous material rod to the feeding wheel of the feeding wheel set two 22 has been less than or equal to Kr, so the control system needs to trigger the lifting action of the upper feeding wheel of the feeding wheel set two 22 in order to introduce a new material rod for clamping and feeding; and when the length L1 of the feeding wheel of the feeding wheel set two 22 to the position sensor SQP minus the total feeding length C of the previous material rod i When L is less than 0, it represents that the tail of the previous material rod has completely entered the two feeding wheel sets, and the upper feeding wheel needs to be pressed down to ensure that the new and old material rods are always in a good clamping state, avoiding the problem of improper clamping in the subsequent shearing process.

[0108] In one embodiment, in order to improve the shearing precision, the cutting knife part 30 includes a fixed material blocking block and a movable cutting knife, and the cutting knife is provided with a clamping mechanism configured to move synchronously with the cutting knife to clamp the sheared and formed upsetting blank.

[0109] In this way, since the clamping mechanism moves synchronously with the cutting knife, the blank is effectively fixed during shearing, the error caused by the movement of the blank is reduced, the shearing precision is improved, the material waste caused by improper operation is reduced, and the utilization rate of the material is improved. The qualified blank cut by the cutting knife is clamped by the clamping jaws of the conveying manipulator and fed into the upsetting station of the upsetting equipment for forming.

[0110] Embodiment 2.

[0111] The high-precision feeding and tail end automatic processing method of another embodiment of the application is based on the first embodiment. When the length of the blank of the bar to be cut is long, the length of the head of the new bar cut off is also large, which is a great loss and poor in economy. However, if the length of the head is too short, the clamping length of the cutting tool part 30 cannot meet the requirement, which will affect the quality of the cutting surface and cause shape and position errors. Similarly, when the tail end of the previous bar is processed, the length of the remaining material after the last cutting is slightly longer than the length of the blank, and the length of the support part (the part placed in the support 60) is too short, which will affect the quality of the cutting surface of the bar. In severe cases, under the action of strong shearing force, the remaining material will slide out of the hole of the support 60, which will directly damage the support 60, the blocking block and the cutting tool at the shearing end of the bar.

[0112] Specifically, as shown in Figure 6 , the clamping length of the cutting tool part 30 and the clamping length of the support 60 can be set according to the use, and in this embodiment, the clamping length is related to the diameter of the clamped bar. For example, a coefficient K1 associated with the radius r of the bar is given, and the head coefficient K I and the tail coefficient K O correspond to the length S I of the head, the length S O of the tail and the length S IO of the head and tail, respectively, which correspond to the length of the sheared head clamped in the shearing part and the length of the material retained in the fixed support 60 during shearing, i.e. a clamping condition.

[0113] Among them:

[0114] S I = K I r

[0115] S O = K O r

[0116] S IO = (K I + K O ) r

[0117] From the above formula L O ≤ L, it can be seen that the tail of the previous bar is less than one bar length. If this length is short, it is not enough to clamp the support 60 for shearing in the previous time. In the most extreme case, when this length is only a few millimeters, it is only slightly longer than the set bar length. Due to the lack of effective support, the shorter support 60 will be forced out of the hole of the support 60 during the previous shearing process due to elastic deformation under force. Friction and extrusion will occur between the cutting tool and the support 60, and the transverse strength and rigidity of the cutting tool are extremely poor, which will easily cause damage to the cutting tool and the tool holder.

[0118] The following, with the tail coefficient K O For example, in the tail processing, the excess length L i The identification is carried out in advance, and the example is illustrated as follows:

[0119] When the tail length is between L i <2L,

[0120] L+S O <L i <2L, the excess length is processed respectively.

[0121] That is, in step iv, when:

[0122] L+K1r<L i <2L

[0123] That is

[0124] L+K O r=L+S O <L i <2L

[0125] After the feeding wheel group advances a cutting length and completes the cutting of the current rod, the tail left after cutting the current rod is treated as waste.

[0126] Further, in step iv, when

[0127] L<L i <L+K1r

[0128] That is

[0129] L<L i <L+S O =L+K O r

[0130] The entire length of the current cutting rod is treated as waste.

[0131] Using the above determination method, after the excess length that meets the clamping requirement is cut to the standard length, the remaining tail is less than one length, which is treated as waste. For the excess length that meets the clamping requirement, if the tail length does not meet the clamping requirement, even if it is cut, the precision and quality of the blank will not meet the production requirements, so the entire length of the excess length is treated as tail waste. The processing method of the head length S I , the head and tail length S IO is the same as the processing of the tail length S O , which will not be described here.

[0132] In addition, when the cutting tool 30 is working, if the space in front of the cutting tool is sufficient to accommodate a 2L (two standard cutting lengths) length of the cut, the whole length of the cut is directly fed by the feeding tool 20 and the head and / or tail of the cut is pushed into the waste slot. At this time, the feeding wheel rotation angle is:

[0133]

[0134] If the length of the cut rod blank (L) is longer and the space in front of the cutting tool is insufficient to accommodate the whole length of the cut, or a stopper is arranged in front of the cutting tool, the feeding tool 20 can first cut a length of the cut and then push out the remaining length of the cut. At this time, the length of the head and the tail of the cut is respectively:

[0135] S -O = L i -S O

[0136] S O = K O r

[0137] The corresponding feeding wheel rotation angle is:

[0138]

[0139]

[0140] When the subsequent rod is fed by tightly pushing the remaining length of the previous rod, the tail and the head of the cut are cut at the same time, and the head of the cut fed is:

[0141] S I = K I r

[0142] The total length of the feeding wheel fed is:

[0143] S IO = (K I + K O ) r

[0144] The feeding wheel rotation angle is:

[0145]

[0146] In the embodiment, K = 2 is taken.

[0147] K I = K O = 2

[0148] That is, the length of the head and the tail of the cut or the clamping length of the head and the tail of the cut is equal to the diameter of the material (D). Figure 7

[0149] S IO = 4 r ​

[0150] The angle at which the feed wheel simultaneously cuts off the material tail and the material head:

[0151]

[0152] Choosing the lengths of the material tail and head to be equal to the diameter of the material can meet most cutting requirements and simplify the complex parameter settings.

[0153] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the control system of this scheme adopts PLC control. The structural parameters L1 and L2 of the feeding system are input. For the feeding component 20 that is matched with the shearing equipment, these parameters are constant and can be stored in the system as constants. The selection coefficients of the material head and tail and the lifting coefficient of the feeding wheel are input. These parameters can be selected according to the operator's habits, experience and process characteristics, or they can be set or modified each time according to the site conditions, or they can be treated as constants. That is, the variables that need to be input for each processing are the processing status parameters, mainly the radius r of the processed material, the cutting length L (or the motor rotation angle signal θ) or the radius R of the feeding wheel.

[0154] During processing, the position sensor SQP signal and the feed wheel encoder PG signal serve as external signals for material tail processing. These signals are automatically fed into the PLC, which performs calculations and logic analysis to control the motor to rotate through the corresponding feeding angle for feeding. The PLC also controls solenoid valves YV1 and YV2 to lift and press the upper feed wheel of feed wheel assembly 21. When the position sensor SQP is activated, it controls the feeding frame to discharge material and the conveyor belt 10 to quickly feed in new bar stock. The schematic diagram of the control system is shown below. Figure 3 As shown.

[0155] The high-precision feeding and automatic head and tail material handling method provided in this embodiment achieves real-time monitoring and precise control of the feeding process through the efficient collaborative operation of position sensors and encoders. Specifically, this method can automatically detect the tail position of the bar stock, accurately calculate the remaining length, and precisely control the lifting and lowering of the upper wheel of the feeding wheel assembly at critical moments, ensuring seamless connection and stable clamping between new and old bars. This innovation not only greatly improves product consistency and reliability but also significantly reduces errors that may be introduced by manual operation, effectively lowering labor intensity and overall production costs. Furthermore, the optimized waste disposal process further enhances economic efficiency, bringing significant benefits to material cutting and forming processes in modern manufacturing, making the entire production process more efficient, environmentally friendly, and economical.

[0156] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "upper", "lower", "horizontal" and the like are intended to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0157] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "mount", "connected", "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0158] Finally, it should be noted that: the above only for the preferred embodiments of the present application, and not for the limitation of the present application, although the present application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some technical features can be replaced. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-precision feeding and automatic processing of head and tail of material method, characterized in that, The method The method comprises the following steps: I. using a storage rack to store spare material rods, and conveying the material rods to a feeding component through a conveying belt; II. detecting the tail position of the material rod in real time through a position sensor SQP, and automatically pushing a new material rod on the storage rack into the conveying belt and to the tail of the previous material rod being cut when the tail of the previous material rod is detected to pass through; III. using a feeding component composed of upper and lower feeding wheel sets to feed the material rod to the tail, the upper feeding wheel moving upward to form a feeding gap with the lower feeding wheel to introduce and clamp a new material rod; IV. synchronously feeding the material rod by the upper and lower feeding wheel sets to pass through the support of the sleeve structure, and cutting and forming the material rod by a cutter component; V. synchronously cutting off the head and tail of the material rod using a material head and tail automatic processing method to obtain a upsetting blank, and the specific steps include: ⅰ. installing an encoder PG on the wheel shaft of the feeding wheel to detect the rotation angle of the feeding wheel within any feeding length; ⅱ. calculating the actual feeding length S0 when the tail of the material rod passes through the position sensor SQP based on the rotation angle of the feeding wheel detected by the encoder PG and the working radius R of the feeding wheel: S0=β0R, wherein β0 is the angle of the encoder PG rotating through β radians, and R is the working radius of the feeding wheel; iii. Counting the feeding times of the feeding wheel group by the counter C, calculating the remaining material length L after feeding one shearing length i : L i = L1+ L2+ S0- C i L, wherein L1 is the distance from the position sensor SQP to the center position of the feeding wheel, L2 is the distance from the cutter shearing surface of the cutter component to the center position of the feeding wheel, and L is the standard material length; ⅳ. when the remaining material length is less than one standard material length, processing the remaining tail as waste; for the head of the new material rod, cutting off a standard material length of the head as waste, or cutting off a standard material length of the head of the new material rod together with the tail of the previous material rod as waste.

2. The high precision feeding and head / tail end automatic processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step III, a lead point is provided between the position sensor SQP and the feeding wheel set, and the distance of the lead point from the center position of the feeding wheel is Kr, and when the tail of the previous material rod moves to the lead point, the upper feeding wheel moves upward to form a feeding gap with the lower feeding wheel, wherein r is the radius of the material rod, and K is a coefficient related to the radius of the material rod.

3. The high-precision feeding and head / tail end automatic processing method according to claim 2, characterized in that, When L1-C i L≤Kr, the upper feed wheel of the feed wheel set is lifted; L1-C i L<0, the upper feed wheel of the feed wheel set is pressed down.

4. The high precision feeding and head / tail end automatic processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutter component includes a fixed material blocking block and a movable cutter, and the cutter is attached with a clamping mechanism configured to move synchronously with the cutter to clamp the upsetting blank cut and formed.

5. The high precision feeding and head / tail end automatic processing method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step IV, a coefficient K1 associated with the radius r of the material rod is given, when L+K1r i <2L, after the material rod feeding wheel set advances a shearing length and finishes shearing the current material rod, the tail material left after shearing the current material rod is treated as waste material.

6. The high-precision feeding and head / tail end automatic processing method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step iv, when L < L i <L+K1r, the entire length of the current shear bar is treated as waste.

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