Semi-solid die-casting device and method for aluminum alloy profiles

Abstract

The invention discloses a semi-solid die-casting device and method for aluminum alloy profiles. The die-casting device includes an upper die, a lower die, and an extrusion mechanism; a cavity, a flow channel, an overflow cavity, and an exhaust channel are formed between the upper die and the lower die; an overflow hole is arranged between the end of the cavity and the overflow cavity, one end of the overflow hole forms a first opening, and the other end forms a second opening, and the portion of the end surface of the cavity located at the periphery of the first opening forms a baffle wall, and the overflow hole is a cone-shaped hole that is small in front and large in the back; the extrusion mechanism includes a guide hole extending downward from the bottom surface of the overflow cavity to the bottom surface of the lower die, an extrusion rod, and a driving unit for driving the extrusion rod to move up and down, and the extrusion rod is movably connected in the guide hole to extrude the aluminum alloy slurry located inside the overflow cavity when moving upward. The invention extrude the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity through the extrusion rod, and push the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow hole to replenish toward the end of the cavity, so as to eliminate the empty bag and gap at the end of the cavity, and improve the compactness of the aluminum alloy profile.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal processing, and in particular to a semi-solid die-casting device and method for aluminum alloy profiles. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy profiles are widely used in various industries due to their advantages such as better strength and lighter weight. Aluminum alloy profiles formed by traditional methods are difficult to meet the requirements of some electronic equipment and precision instruments. Therefore, in some industries with higher requirements on material properties, the aluminum alloy profiles used are generally processed and formed by die casting.

[0003] The existing die-casting mold injects aluminum alloy slurry into the mold cavity, maintains the pressure at a specific temperature for a certain period of time, and allows the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry to solidify and form in the mold cavity. When the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry is injected into the mold cavity, the air in the mold cavity needs to be exhausted in time through the exhaust structure on the mold. The exhaust structure on the current die-casting mold adopts a straight-through structure. When forming aluminum alloy profiles of some slender aluminum alloy components, the exhaust rate of the gas inside the cavity is difficult to match the rate at which the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry is injected into the cavity, and it is easy to form empty bags and gaps at the position where the end of the cavity is combined with the exhaust channel, resulting in serious defects in the final formed profile. Summary of the invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a semi-solid die-casting device and method for aluminum alloy profiles, which can prevent the formation of empty pockets and gaps inside the cavity and improve the compactness of the aluminum alloy profiles.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A semi-solid die-casting device for aluminum alloy profiles, comprising an upper die, a lower die, and an extrusion mechanism;

[0007] A long strip-shaped cavity is formed between the upper die and the lower die, a flow channel connected to the front end of the cavity for injecting semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry into the cavity, an overflow cavity located at the end of the cavity, and an exhaust channel connected to the overflow cavity; an overflow hole is arranged between the end of the cavity and the overflow cavity, one end of the overflow hole extends to the end surface of the cavity to form a first opening, and the other end of the overflow hole extends to the overflow cavity to form a second opening, a portion of the end surface of the cavity located at the periphery of the first opening forms a baffle wall perpendicular to the extension direction of the cavity, a projection of the first opening on a cross section perpendicular to the extension direction of the cavity falls within a projection of the outer edge of the second opening on a cross section perpendicular to the extension direction of the cavity, so that the overflow hole forms a conical structure with a small front and a large back, and the bottom surface height of the overflow cavity is lower than the height of the lower edge of the second opening;

[0008] The extrusion mechanism includes a guide hole extending downward from the bottom of the overflow cavity to the bottom of the lower mold, an extrusion rod, and a driving unit for driving the extrusion rod to move up and down. The extrusion rod is movably connected in the guide hole to extrude the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity when moving upward.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom wall of the overflow hole gradually slopes downward from an end close to the first opening toward an end close to the second opening.

[0010] Preferably, both side walls of the overflow hole are inclined so that the distance between the two side walls of the overflow hole gradually increases from the end close to the first opening toward the end close to the second opening.

[0011] Preferably, the width of the overflow cavity increases gradually from bottom to top, and the diameter of the guide hole is greater than the width of the cavity.

[0012] Preferably, a recess extending from front to back is provided on the upper surface of the lower mold. After the upper mold is closed with the lower mold, a flow channel, a cavity, an overflow hole, an overflow cavity and an exhaust channel connected in sequence are formed between the upper mold and the lower mold by the lower surface of the upper mold and the inner wall surface of the recess.

[0013] Preferably, the portion of the recess located between the mold cavity and the overflow cavity forms a boss protruding upward from the bottom surface of the recess, and an insert is protruding from the lower surface of the upper mold. When the upper mold and the lower mold are closed, the insert extends into the recess and is placed on the boss. The overflow hole is surrounded by the insert and the boss, and the front end surface of the boss and the front end surface of the insert together constitute a flow-blocking wall located outside the first opening of the overflow hole.

[0014] Preferably, a supporting step is formed on both sides of the boss, and both sides of the bottom surface of the insert are overlapped on the two supporting steps respectively.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom surface of the insert forms the top wall of the overflow hole, the exhaust channel is connected to one end of the overflow cavity away from the overflow hole and a connecting port is formed at the top of the overflow cavity, and the height of the lower edge of the connecting port is greater than the height of the bottom surface of the insert.

[0016] Preferably, the width of the cavity is D1, the width of the exhaust channel is 1.1 to 1.3 times D1, and the center line of the exhaust channel connecting opening in the width direction is offset to one side by a distance D2 compared to the center line of the cavity width direction, wherein D2 is greater than or equal to 0.5 to 0.7 times D1.

[0017] Preferably, the upper mold is fixedly embedded in an upper mold plate, and the lower mold is fixedly embedded in a lower mold plate. The upper surface of the lower mold protrudes from the upper surface of the lower mold plate so that a gap is formed between the upper mold plate and the lower mold plate when the upper mold and the lower mold are closed. The exhaust channel is opened on the upper surface of the lower mold and extends from the overflow cavity to the edge of the lower mold to communicate with the gap.

[0018] Preferably, the bottom surface of the exhaust channel forms a plurality of steps between the overflow cavity and the edge of the lower mold, the steps include a horizontal bottom surface and a vertical surface, and an angle a is formed between the horizontal bottom surface and the vertical surface of the steps, wherein a≥90°; of two adjacent steps, the height of the horizontal bottom surface of the step close to the overflow cavity is lower than the height of the horizontal bottom surface of the step far from the overflow cavity;

[0019] Among two adjacent steps, the included angle a of the step close to the overflow cavity is greater than the included angle a of the step far from the overflow cavity.

[0020] Preferably, the extrusion mechanism also includes a lifting plate connected to the output end of the driving unit, and a locking block. The extrusion rod is inserted into a preset mounting hole on the lifting plate from bottom to top. The lower end of the extrusion rod is provided with a limiting flange placed under the lifting plate and abutting against the lifting plate. The locking block is fixed to the lifting plate by bolts and cooperates with the lifting plate to clamp and fix the limiting flange.

[0021] A semi-solid die-casting method for aluminum alloy profiles, using the above-mentioned semi-solid die-casting device for aluminum alloy profiles, injecting semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry from a runner into a cavity by injection, so that the interior of the cavity is filled with the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry and ensuring that a portion of the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry can overflow into the overflow cavity through the overflow hole, and squeezing the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry located in the overflow cavity through an extrusion rod, so that the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry located in the overflow cavity and the overflow hole is deformed toward the end of the cavity.

[0022] The present invention extrude the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity through an extrusion rod, and the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity is deformed under pressure to push the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow hole to replenish toward the end of the cavity, so as to eliminate the empty bag and gap at the end of the cavity, ensure that the position of the workpiece corresponding to the end of the cavity has good density, and improve the density of the aluminum alloy profile. In addition, the overflow hole is set as a variable diameter structure to slow down the speed of the aluminum alloy slurry inside the cavity overflowing to the overflow cavity, and the variable diameter structure of the overflow hole can form a deceleration and diffusion effect when the aluminum alloy slurry flows in the overflow hole, so that the liquid level of the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity rises slowly, which is conducive to the orderly discharge of air inside the cavity and the overflow cavity through the exhaust channel. When the extrusion rod squeezes the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity, since the first opening connecting the overflow hole and the cavity is relatively small, the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity is deformed, causing the aluminum alloy slurry at the first opening of the overflow hole to accumulate a larger pressure, so that the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow hole can be better replenished to the end of the cavity, further improving the density of the workpiece at the end position corresponding to the cavity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Magnified view at A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 2 BB cross-sectional view;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view at center C;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the extrusion mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle and lower molds;

[0031] Figure 8 for Figure 4 EE cross-sectional view.

[0032] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0035] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 , 2 , 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 show a semi-solid die-casting device for aluminum alloy profiles of the present invention, which is particularly suitable for forming some aluminum alloy profiles with slender structures. Semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry is injected into the mold cavity to form a workpiece by die-casting.

[0037] The die-casting device includes an upper die 20, a lower die 10, and an extrusion mechanism; a cavity 30 and a runner 50 are formed between the upper die 20 and the lower die 10, the cavity 30 is in a long strip structure consistent with the shape of the workpiece, the runner 50 is connected to the front end of the cavity 30, and can be used to guide and inject the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry sent by the injection mechanism into the cavity 30, and an overflow cavity 60 located at the end of the cavity and an exhaust channel 80 connected to the overflow cavity 60 are also formed between the upper die 20 and the lower die 10, the overflow cavity 60 is connected to the end of the cavity 30, so that when the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry is injected into the cavity 30, the air inside the cavity 30 can be discharged to the external environment through the exhaust channel 80, an overflow hole 70 is set between the end of the cavity 30 and the overflow cavity 60 to connect the cavity 30 with the overflow cavity 60, the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry moves from the front end of the cavity 30 to the rear end of the cavity 30, and at the rear end of the cavity 30 The semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry at the end can overflow into the overflow cavity 60 through the overflow hole 70. The front end of the overflow hole 70 extends to the end face 31 of the cavity 30, and forms a first opening 701 on the end face 31 of the cavity 30. The rear end of the overflow hole 70 extends to the overflow cavity 60 to form a second opening 702. The outer contour of the first opening 701 does not exceed the edge of the end face 31 of the cavity 30, so that the part of the end face 31 of the cavity 30 located outside the first opening 701 forms a baffle wall 310. The baffle wall 310 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the cavity 30, and is used to form a part of the end face of the long workpiece. At the same time, the baffle wall 310 can block the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry at the end of the cavity 30 and outside the first opening 701, so that the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry can form a better overflow effect at the first opening 701 when blocked, thereby preventing the aluminum alloy slurry from overflowing into the overflow cavity 60 too quickly. The projection of the first opening 701 on the cross section perpendicular to the extension direction of the cavity 30 falls within the projection of the outer edge of the second opening 702 on the cross section perpendicular to the extension direction of the cavity 30, that is, the area of ​​the first opening 701 is relatively small and the area of ​​the second opening 702 is relatively large, so that the overflow hole 70 forms a conical structure that is small in the front and large in the back, and the height of the bottom surface 61 of the overflow cavity 60 is lower than the height of the lower edge of the second opening 702. When the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry overflows into the overflow cavity 60 through the overflow hole 70, the variable diameter structure of the overflow hole 70 slows down and diffuses the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry in the overflow hole 70, and the aluminum alloy slurry falls into the overflow cavity 60 according to its own gravity, so that the aluminum alloy slurry slowly rises from the bottom surface 61 of the overflow cavity 60 in the overflow cavity 60.The extrusion mechanism includes a guide hole 62, an extrusion rod 44, and an oil cylinder 41. The guide hole 62 extends downward from the bottom surface of the overflow chamber 60 to the bottom surface of the lower mold 10. The extrusion rod 44 is connected to the telescopic rod of the oil cylinder 41. Driven by the oil cylinder 41, the extrusion rod 44 can move in the height direction. The extrusion rod 44 is connected to the guide hole 62 from bottom to top. When the oil cylinder 41 drives the extrusion rod 44 to move upward, the upper end surface of the extrusion rod 44 can extend into the overflow chamber 60 to extrude the aluminum alloy slurry in the overflow chamber 60. It should be pointed out that in other implementations, the oil cylinder 41 can also be a driving unit using pneumatic, electric or other driving forms. In short, as long as it can drive the extrusion rod 44 to move up and down, it can be used.

[0038] When the die-casting device of the present invention is in operation, the upper mold 20 and the lower mold 10 are closed, and the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry heated to a predetermined temperature is injected into the mold cavity 30 through the flow channel 50 by the injection mechanism. The semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry flows from front to back inside the mold cavity 30. When the liquid level of the aluminum alloy slurry inside the mold cavity 30 reaches a preset height (for example, higher than the lower edge of the first opening 701), the aluminum alloy slurry flows into the overflow cavity 60 through the overflow hole 70. As the aluminum alloy slurry is continuously injected and fills the mold cavity 30, the injection of the slurry into the mold cavity 30 is stopped. At this time, the oil cylinder 4 is started. 1. The oil cylinder 41 drives the extrusion rod 44 to move upward, and the extrusion rod 44 is used to extrude the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity 60. Due to the extrusion, the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity 60 will be deformed toward both sides, so that the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow hole 70 moves back toward the inside of the cavity 30, and based on the necking structure of the overflow hole 70, the aluminum alloy slurry at the first opening 710 can be relatively quickly replenished into the cavity 30, so as to quickly fill the empty bag and gap at the end of the cavity 30, so that the cavity 30 (especially the end of the cavity) is completely filled with the aluminum alloy slurry.

[0039] In the above scheme of the present invention, the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity 60 is squeezed by the extrusion rod 44, and the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity 60 is deformed under pressure to push the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow hole 70 to replenish toward the end of the cavity 30, so as to eliminate the empty bag and gap at the end of the cavity, ensure that the position of the workpiece corresponding to the end of the cavity 30 has good density, and improve the density of the aluminum alloy profile. In addition, the overflow hole 70 is set as a variable diameter structure to slow down the overflow speed of the aluminum alloy slurry inside the cavity 30 to the overflow cavity 60, and the variable diameter structure of the overflow hole 70 can form a deceleration and diffusion effect when the aluminum alloy slurry flows in the overflow hole 70, so that the liquid level of the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity 60 rises slowly, which is conducive to the orderly discharge of the air inside the cavity 30 and the overflow cavity 60 through the exhaust channel 80. When the extrusion rod 44 squeezes the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity 60, since the first opening connecting the overflow hole 70 and the cavity 30 is relatively small, the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity 60 is deformed so that the aluminum alloy slurry at the first opening 701 of the overflow hole 70 gathers a greater pressure, so that the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow hole 70 can be better replenished to the end of the cavity 30, further improving the density of the workpiece at the end position corresponding to the cavity 30.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the variable diameter structure of the overflow hole 70 is achieved by setting its bottom wall 71 as an inclined structure. Specifically, the bottom wall 71 of the overflow hole 70 gradually tilts downward from the end close to the first opening 701 to the end close to the second opening 702. In this way, when the extrusion rod 44 squeezes the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity 60, the deformation direction of the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow hole 70 will be tilted upward through the guidance of the inclined bottom wall 71, so as to better make the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow hole 70 replenish toward the upper end of the cavity 30. Since the aluminum alloy slurry will preferentially fill the bottom of the cavity 30, the position above the end of the cavity 30 is very likely to form empty bags and gaps. Therefore, by extruding the aluminum alloy slurry to tilt upward toward the upper side of the cavity end 30, the upper side of the cavity end 30 can be better filled, so that the density of the workpiece at the end of the cavity 30 is close to the density of other parts of the workpiece, or even consistent with the density of other parts of the workpiece. In order to slow down the overflow speed of the aluminum alloy slurry from the mold cavity to the overflow cavity 60 during overflow, and at the same time to gather a larger pressure on the aluminum alloy slurry at the first opening 701 when extruding the aluminum alloy slurry in the overflow cavity 60, better effects can be obtained by increasing the rate of change of the inner diameter of the overflow hole 70. Specifically, on the basis of setting the bottom surface 71 of the overflow hole 70 as an inclined structure, both side walls 72 of the overflow hole 70 can be set as an inclined structure, so that the distance between the two side walls 72 of the overflow hole 70 gradually increases from the end close to the first opening 701 to the end close to the second opening 702.

[0041] It should be noted that, in the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom wall 71 and the two side walls 72 of the overflow hole 70 are set as an inclined structure to construct a variable cross-section structure of the overflow hole 70 that is small in the front and large in the back. This shape of the overflow hole 70 can be better suitable for aluminum alloy profiles with a square cross-section; when the cross-section of the aluminum alloy profile is circular or elliptical, the overflow hole 70 can be set as a conical structure with a circular or elliptical cross-section shape, so that the cross-sectional area of ​​the end of the overflow hole 70 connected to the cavity 30 is relatively small, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the end connected to the overflow cavity 60 is relatively large.

[0042] In another preferred embodiment, the width of the overflow cavity 60 of the present invention gradually increases from bottom to top, so that the overflow cavity 60 forms a structure that is small at the bottom and large at the top. On this basis, it is necessary to make the bottom surface 61 of the overflow cavity 60 have a sufficient area to open the guide hole 62, and the diameter of the guide hole 62 is greater than the width D1 of the cavity. In this state, the overflow cavity 60 also has a relatively large width, and the diameter of the guide hole 62 is set to be greater than the width of the cavity 30, so that the guide hole 62 can accommodate an extrusion rod 44 with a relatively large diameter, and then the upper end surface of the extrusion rod 44 has a relatively large contact area with the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity 60, which can increase the deformation of the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity 60 during extrusion, thereby having a better counter-filling effect on the end of the cavity 30.

[0043] The above-mentioned cavity 30, flow channel 50, overflow hole 70, overflow cavity 60 and exhaust channel 80 of the present invention are basically formed on the upper surface of the lower mold 10. For example, it can be a continuous concave extending from front to back processed on the upper surface 101 of the lower mold 10. The structure of the corresponding position of the concave is set according to the shapes required by the flow channel 50, cavity 30, overflow hole 70, overflow cavity 60 and exhaust channel 80. After the upper mold 20 and the lower mold 10 are molded together, the lower surface 201 of the upper mold 20 is attached to the upper surface 101 of the lower mold 10, and the flow channel 50, cavity 30, overflow hole 70, overflow cavity 60 and exhaust channel 80 are connected in sequence between the upper mold 20 and the lower mold 10 by the lower surface 201 of the upper mold 20 and the inner wall surface of the concave. Of course, when processing other long strip workpieces, corresponding shapes can be set on the lower surface 201 of the upper mold 20 according to the shape of the workpiece to form a cavity in conjunction with the concave. A boss 11 protruding upward from the bottom surface of the recess is formed in the portion between the cavity 30 and the overflow cavity 60 in the recess, and an insert 21 is protrudingly provided on the lower surface 201 of the upper mold 20. After the upper mold 20 and the lower mold 10 are molded together, the insert 21 extends into the recess and is placed on the boss 11. Through the recessed structure in the boss 11, the insert 21 and the boss 11 are connected to form an overflow hole 70 after docking. The front end surface of the boss 11 and the front end surface of the insert 21 together constitute a flow blocking wall 310 located at the periphery of the first opening 701 of the overflow hole 70. The cavity is formed by the recess on the upper surface 101 of the lower mold 10, and the position above the end of the cavity 30 is formed by the insert 21 located on the upper mold 20. In this way, when processing the recess on the lower mold 10, there is no need to process the perforation structure at the portion where the cavity 30 and the overflow hole 70 are connected, thereby facilitating the production of the lower mold 10. A supporting step 111 is formed on both sides of the above-mentioned boss 11, and both sides of the bottom surface of the insert 21 are overlapped on the two supporting steps 111 respectively. Through the overlap cooperation between the supporting steps 111 and the bottom surface of the insert 21, the insert 21 and the boss 11 form an overflow hole 70 after docking. The gap between the insert 21 and the boss 11 can be used to discharge a small amount of air inside the cavity 30, thereby preventing the air above the end of the cavity 30 from not being discharged in time to cause empty bags and gaps.

[0044] The bottom surface of the above-mentioned insert 21 forms the top of the overflow hole 70, and the exhaust channel 80 is connected to the end of the overflow chamber 60 away from the overflow hole 70 and forms a connecting port 801 at the top of the end of the overflow chamber 60. The height of the lower edge of the connecting port 801 is greater than the height of the bottom surface of the insert 21. During the exhaust process, the aluminum alloy slurry overflows from the end of the cavity 30 into the overflow chamber 60 through the overflow hole 70, and the liquid level of the aluminum alloy slurry in the overflow chamber 60 gradually rises. Since the connecting port 801 is set at a relatively high position, even if the liquid level of the aluminum alloy slurry in the overflow chamber 60 rises to a position close to the top of the overflow chamber 60, the connecting port 801 can still allow air to enter the exhaust channel 80 from the overflow chamber. In other words, the aluminum alloy slurry will not flow into the exhaust channel 80 before filling the overflow chamber 60, causing the exhaust channel to be blocked, thereby ensuring that the air inside the cavity 30 and the overflow chamber 60 can be discharged from the exhaust channel 80 as much as possible. Figure 7 As shown, the width of the cavity 30 is D1, and the width of the exhaust channel 80 is set to 1.1~1.3 times of D1. In short, the width of the exhaust channel 80 is slightly larger than the width of the cavity 30. The center line of the connecting port 801 of the exhaust channel 80 in the width direction is offset to one side by a distance D2 compared to the center line of the cavity 30 in the width direction, wherein D2 is greater than or equal to 0.5~0.7 times of D1. When the aluminum alloy slurry overflows from the overflow hole 70 to the overflow cavity 60 at a higher flow rate, due to the offset setting of the connecting port 801 and the cavity 30, it can prevent the aluminum alloy slurry from being splashed into the exhaust channel in advance before the overflow cavity 60 is filled, causing the exhaust channel to be blocked.

[0045] See also Figure 1 As shown, the upper mold 20 of the present invention is fixedly embedded on an upper mold plate 200, and the lower mold 10 is fixedly embedded on a lower mold plate 100, and the upper surface 101 of the lower mold 10 protrudes from the upper surface of the lower mold plate 100. When the lower mold 10 and the upper mold 20 are closed, the upper surface 101 of the lower mold 10 is against the lower surface 201 of the upper mold 20, so that a gap is formed between the upper mold plate 200 and the lower mold plate 100, and the exhaust channel 80 is opened on the upper surface 101 of the lower mold 10 and extends from the overflow cavity 60 to the edge of the upper surface 101 of the lower mold 10. At the edge of the upper surface 101 of the lower mold 10, the exhaust channel 80 is connected with the gap between the upper mold plate 200 and the lower mold plate 100, so that the air exhausted by the exhaust channel 80 can be discharged to the external environment through the gap. In this way, there is no need to set a complex structure on the upper mold 20, the lower mold 10, the upper mold plate 200 and the lower mold plate 100 to connect the exhaust channel 80, thereby simplifying the structure of the mold.

[0046] like Figure 8As shown, the bottom surface of the exhaust channel 80 forms a multi-step structure between the overflow cavity 60 and the edge of the lower mold 10, and each step includes a horizontal bottom surface 81 and a vertical surface 82. The vertical surface 82 connects the horizontal bottom surfaces 81 of two adjacent steps, and an angle a is formed between the horizontal bottom surface 81 of the step and its vertical surface 82. The angle a is ≥ 90°. In two adjacent steps, the height of the horizontal bottom surface 81 of the step close to the overflow cavity 60 is lower than the height of the horizontal bottom surface 81 of the step far from the overflow cavity 60. That is to say, in the direction from the overflow cavity 60 to the edge of the lower mold 10, the height of the horizontal bottom surfaces 81 of the multiple steps is gradually increased. When the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity 60 is When the liquid level of the material reaches the lower edge of the connecting port 801, the aluminum alloy slurry begins to overflow into the exhaust channel 80 to the horizontal bottom surface 81 of the lowest step. Under the obstruction of the vertical surface 82 of the lowest step, before the liquid level of the aluminum alloy slurry reaches the top of the vertical surface 82 of the lowest step, the space at the top of the overflow chamber 60 is still connected to the exhaust channel 80. Therefore, by setting the exhaust channel 80 as a multi-step structure, the liquid level of the aluminum alloy slurry rises step by step inside the exhaust channel, thereby gradually squeezing the air entering the overflow chamber 60 from the exhaust channel 80, and effectively preventing the aluminum alloy slurry from flowing to the edge of the lower mold 10 and causing leakage. In addition, in two adjacent steps, the angle a of the step close to the overflow chamber 60 is greater than the angle a of the step away from the overflow chamber 60, see Figure 8 In the structure shown, among two adjacent steps, the angle between the horizontal bottom surface 81 of the step close to the overflow cavity 60 and its vertical surface 82 is a1, and the angle between the horizontal bottom surface 81 of the step far from the overflow cavity 60 and its vertical surface 82 is a2, wherein a1 is greater than a2, and in the direction from the overflow cavity 60 to the edge of the lower mold 10, the angles of the multiple steps decrease successively, for example, the angle a of the step closest to the overflow cavity 60 can be set to be greater than 150°, and the angle a of the step farthest from the overflow cavity 60 can be set to be 90°~98°, and at a position close to the overflow cavity 60, the vertical surface 82 is inclined at an angle of 1.5° relative to the horizontal bottom surface 81. The vertical surface 82 is set to be perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the horizontal bottom surface 81, so that the vertical surface 82 can have a better blocking effect on the aluminum alloy slurry, thereby preventing the aluminum alloy slurry from sticking to the vertical surface 82. At the same time, when demolding, the aluminum alloy material solidified in the exhaust channel can be better separated from the lower mold 10. At a position far away from the overflow cavity 60, due to the high height of the horizontal bottom surface 81, the depth of the exhaust channel 80 is relatively small. By setting the vertical surface 82 to be perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the horizontal bottom surface 81, the vertical surface 82 can have a better flow-blocking effect on the aluminum alloy slurry, thereby preventing the aluminum alloy slurry from entering the relatively small depth of the exhaust channel too early, resulting in poor exhaust of the exhaust channel.

[0047] See also Figure 1 as well as Figure 6As shown, the extrusion mechanism also includes a lifting plate 42 and a locking block 421. The lifting plate 42 is connected to the telescopic rod of the oil cylinder 41 through a driving rod 43. The extrusion rod 44 is connected to the preset mounting hole 442 on the lifting plate 42 from bottom to top. A limiting flange 441 is provided at the lower end of the extrusion rod 44. The limiting flange 441 abuts against the bottom of the lifting plate 42 to limit the freedom of the extrusion rod 44 to move upward relative to the lifting plate 42. The locking block 421 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 42 by bolts. After tightening the bolts, the locking block 421 is pushed upward to tighten the limiting flange 441, and then the locking block 421 cooperates with the lifting plate 42 to clamp and fix the limiting flange 441 on the lifting plate 42. In this way, the bottom of the extrusion rod 44 is fixed on the lifting plate 42, and the locking block 421 is fixed to the lifting plate 42 by bolts. When the extrusion rod 44 is deformed or otherwise damaged, the bolts fixing the locking block 421 and the lifting plate 42 can be loosened, and the extrusion rod 44 can be disassembled to facilitate replacement of a new extrusion rod 44.

[0048] The semi-solid die-casting method of the aluminum alloy profile of the present invention adopts the semi-solid die-casting device of the aluminum alloy profile, and comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1. Using an injection mechanism, inject the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry heated to a predetermined temperature into the mold cavity 30 through the flow channel 50. The semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry flows from the front to the back inside the mold cavity 30 and gradually fills the mold cavity, ensuring that a portion of the aluminum alloy slurry overflows from the end of the mold cavity 30 through the overflow hole 70 into the overflow cavity 60;

[0050] S2, start the oil cylinder 41, the oil cylinder 41 drives the extrusion rod 44 to move upward, and use the extrusion rod 44 to squeeze the aluminum alloy slurry inside the overflow cavity 60, so that the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry located in the overflow cavity 60 and the overflow hole 70 is deformed toward the end of the cavity 30;

[0051] S3. After cooling, open the upper mold to obtain an aluminum alloy profile.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi-solid die-casting device for aluminum alloy profiles, characterized in that: It includes an upper die, a lower die, and an extrusion mechanism; A long strip-shaped cavity is formed between the upper die and the lower die, a flow channel connected to the front end of the cavity for injecting semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry into the cavity, an overflow cavity located at the end of the cavity, and an exhaust channel connected to the overflow cavity; An overflow hole is arranged between the end of the cavity and the overflow cavity, one end of the overflow hole extends to the end surface of the cavity to form a first opening, and the other end of the overflow hole extends to the overflow cavity to form a second opening, and a portion of the end surface of the cavity located outside the first opening forms a baffle wall perpendicular to the extension direction of the cavity, and a projection of the first opening on a cross section perpendicular to the extension direction of the cavity falls inside a projection of the outer edge of the second opening on a cross section perpendicular to the extension direction of the cavity, so that the overflow hole forms a conical structure with a small front and a large rear, and the bottom surface height of the overflow cavity is lower than the height of the lower edge of the second opening; The extrusion mechanism includes a guide hole extending downward from the bottom surface of the overflow cavity to the bottom surface of the lower die, an extrusion rod, and a driving unit for driving the extrusion rod to move up and down. The extrusion rod is movably connected in the guide hole to extrude the aluminum alloy slurry located inside the overflow cavity when moving upward. A concave position extending from front to back is arranged on the upper surface of the lower mold. After the upper mold is molded with the lower mold, a flow channel, a cavity, an overflow hole, an overflow cavity and an exhaust channel which are connected in sequence are formed between the upper mold and the lower mold by the lower surface of the upper mold and the inner wall surface of the concave position. The portion of the recess located between the mold cavity and the overflow cavity forms a boss protruding upward from the bottom surface of the recess, and an insert is protrudingly provided on the lower surface of the upper mold. When the upper mold and the lower mold are closed, the insert extends into the recess and is placed on the boss. The overflow hole is surrounded by the insert and the boss, and the front end surface of the boss and the front end surface of the insert together constitute a flow-blocking wall located outside the first opening of the overflow hole.

2. The semi-solid die-casting device for aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom wall of the overflow hole gradually slopes downward from an end close to the first opening toward an end close to the second opening.

3. The semi-solid die-casting device for aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both side walls of the overflow hole are inclined so that the distance between the two side walls of the overflow hole gradually increases from the end close to the first opening toward the end close to the second opening.

4. The semi-solid die-casting device for aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the overflow cavity increases gradually from bottom to top, and the diameter of the guide hole is greater than the width of the cavity.

5. The semi-solid die-casting device for aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A supporting step is formed on both sides of the boss, and both sides of the bottom surface of the embedded block are overlapped on the two supporting steps respectively.

6. The semi-solid die-casting device for aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the insert forms the top wall of the overflow hole, the exhaust channel is connected to one end of the overflow cavity away from the overflow hole and forms a connecting port at the top of the end of the overflow cavity, and the height of the lower edge of the connecting port is greater than the height of the bottom surface of the insert.

7. The semi-solid die-casting device for aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The width of the cavity is D1, the width of the exhaust channel is 1.1 to 1.3 times D1, and the center line of the exhaust channel connecting port in the width direction is offset to one side by a distance D2 compared to the center line of the cavity width direction, wherein D2 is greater than or equal to 0.5 to 0.7 times D1.

8. The semi-solid die-casting device for aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper mold is fixedly embedded in an upper mold plate, and the lower mold is fixedly embedded in a lower mold plate. The upper surface of the lower mold protrudes from the upper surface of the lower mold plate so that a gap is formed between the upper mold plate and the lower mold plate when the upper mold and the lower mold are closed. The exhaust channel is opened on the upper surface of the lower mold and extends from the overflow cavity to the edge of the lower mold to communicate with the gap.

9. The semi-solid die-casting device for aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the exhaust channel forms a plurality of steps between the overflow cavity and the edge of the lower mold, and the steps include a horizontal bottom surface and a vertical surface. An angle a is formed between the horizontal bottom surface and the vertical surface of the steps, wherein a≥90°; of two adjacent steps, the height of the horizontal bottom surface of the step close to the overflow cavity is lower than the height of the horizontal bottom surface of the step far from the overflow cavity; Among two adjacent steps, the included angle a of the step close to the overflow cavity is greater than the included angle a of the step far from the overflow cavity.

10. The semi-solid die-casting device for aluminum alloy profiles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion mechanism also includes a lifting plate connected to the output end of the driving unit, and a locking block. The extrusion rod is inserted into a preset mounting hole on the lifting plate from bottom to top. The lower end of the extrusion rod is provided with a limiting flange placed under the lifting plate and abutting against the lifting plate. The locking block is fixed to the lifting plate by bolts and cooperates with the lifting plate to clamp and fix the limiting flange.

11. A semi-solid die-casting method for aluminum alloy profiles, characterized in that: A semi-solid die-casting device for aluminum alloy profiles according to any one of claims 1 to 10 is used to inject semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry from a runner into a mold cavity by injection, so that the interior of the mold cavity is filled with the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry and a portion of the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry can overflow into the overflow cavity through the overflow hole, and the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry located in the overflow cavity is squeezed by an extrusion rod, so that the semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry located in the overflow cavity and the overflow hole is deformed toward the end of the mold cavity.

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