A synergistic enhanced roasting device for waste lithium battery materials

Abstract

The invention discloses a synergistic enhanced roasting device for waste lithium battery materials, comprising a working box, which is supported by a supporting stand, and the inside of the working box is equidistantly divided into a plurality of layers by a partition plate, each layer of the working box is equipped with a rotary kiln barrel, a feeding auger is arranged at the lower part of the inside of the rotary kiln barrel, a heat insulation barrel cover is sleeved on the middle outer periphery of the rotary kiln barrel, a heating pipe is arranged on the middle inner periphery of the heat insulation barrel cover, a mounting ring frame is arranged on the middle outer periphery of the heat insulation barrel cover, a microwave transmitter and a magnetic field generator are installed on the mounting ring frame, front end cover and rear end cover are respectively sealed at both ends of the rotary kiln barrel, and the front end cover and rear end cover are staggered from top to bottom, adjacent rotary kiln barrels are sequentially connected end to end through a connecting bucket, a feeding hopper is penetrated through the front end cover of the rotary kiln barrel located at the top, and a discharging hopper is penetrated through the rear end cover of the rotary kiln barrel located at the bottom, so as to realize hydrogen reduction roasting of waste lithium ion battery materials in an efficient, easy industrialization and easy operation manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery recycling, in particular to a synergistic enhanced roasting device for waste lithium battery materials. Background Art

[0002] Lithium battery recycling is the top priority of the lithium battery industry cycle. It is necessary to develop a waste battery recycling process that can effectively recycle valuable metals such as cobalt and nickel and efficiently recycle lithium resources. While pursuing the efficient recovery of valuable metals such as cobalt, nickel, and manganese, lithium can also be effectively extracted. The hydrogen reduction roasting-water leaching process was proposed.

[0003] The patent document with the publication number CN116202313A discloses a low-carbon lithium mineral roasting rotary kiln device with waste heat recovery, including a shell, a first pipe and a feed channel, the outer wall of the shell is penetrated by the first pipe, the top of the shell is penetrated by the feed channel, and one end of the first pipe is installed with a filter. The invention realizes the effect of returning excess heat to the kiln barrel for recycling and reducing energy waste by installing a sealing head, a first spring and a clamping head. The heat wave of the kiln barrel impulses the sealing head to move, the movement of the sealing head drives the clamping head to move, the movement of the clamping head moves it out of the slot, the movement of the sealing head drives the movement of the first spring, the movement of the first spring causes the sealing head to move to remove the sealing ring to leak out of the gap, so that the heat wave enters the feed channel through the first pipe, so that it returns the excess heat to the kiln barrel through the feed channel, realizing the function of returning the excess heat to the kiln barrel for recycling and reducing energy waste.

[0004] The above-mentioned device has the following shortcomings: the above-mentioned device cannot perform segmented independent roasting when in use, lacks components for coordinated roasting, takes a long time to act, and the reaction cannot be more complete. In addition, the above-mentioned device cannot accurately control the roasting time of the material powder when in use. The method of sliding by gravity is relatively rough, and the roasting of the material powder is likely to cause excessive or insufficient imbalance. At the same time, the airtightness of the overall process of the above-mentioned device is not sealed enough, which can easily cause high-temperature atmosphere to leak from the raw material inlet and outlet, thereby causing an unsafe production process. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a synergistic enhanced roasting device for waste lithium battery materials in order to address the above-mentioned problems and shortcomings, thereby improving the overall working efficiency.

[0006] The technical problems solved by the present invention are:

[0007] (1) The above device cannot be used for independent roasting in sections, lacks components for coordinated roasting, takes a long time to work, and the reaction cannot be more complete;

[0008] (2) The above device cannot accurately control the calcination time of the material powder when used. The method of sliding by gravity is relatively rough, which can easily cause excessive or insufficient imbalance in the calcination of the material powder;

[0009] (3) The overall process of the above-mentioned device is not airtight enough, which easily leads to leakage of high-temperature atmosphere from the raw material inlet and outlet, thereby causing an unsafe production process.

[0010] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical scheme: a synergistic enhanced roasting device for waste lithium battery materials, including a working box, which is supported by a supporting stand, and the working box is equidistantly divided into several layers by a partition plate, each layer in the working box is equipped with a rotary kiln barrel, and a feeding auger is provided at the lower part of the interior of the rotary kiln barrel, and an insulating barrel cover is sleeved on the middle outer periphery of the rotary kiln barrel, a heating pipe is provided on the middle inner periphery of the insulating barrel cover, and a mounting ring frame is provided on the middle outer periphery of the insulating barrel cover, and a microwave transmitter and a magnetic field generator are installed on the mounting ring frame, and the two ends of the rotary kiln barrel are respectively sealed with a front end cover and a rear end cover, and the front end cover and the rear end cover are staggered from top to bottom, and adjacent rotary kiln barrels are sequentially connected end to end through a connecting bucket, and the front end cover of the rotary kiln barrel at the top is penetrated with a feed hopper, and the rear end cover of the rotary kiln barrel at the bottom is penetrated with a discharge hopper.

[0011] As a further scheme of the invention, a first storage box and a second storage box are provided on one side of the working box, the first storage box is connected to the second storage box, a U-shaped storage tube is suspended in the second storage box, both ends of the U-shaped storage tube are respectively sealed and connected to a first air intake pipe and a first exhaust pipe, and the U-shaped storage tube is filled with pure aluminum powder.

[0012] As a further solution of the invention, support frames are provided at both ends of the rotary kiln drum, and the rotary kiln drum is rotatably connected to the support frame through support bearings. A plurality of heating tubes and mounting ring frames are provided and are equidistantly and staggeredly distributed. Both sides of the mounting ring frame and both sides of the support frame are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the working box. A plurality of pairs of microwave emitters and magnetic field generators are provided and are respectively and centrally symmetrically arranged and installed on the mounting ring frames.

[0013] As a further scheme of the invention, a heat-insulating box is installed on the top of the working box, and a driving motor is installed in the heat-insulating box. A first gear is installed at one end of the rotating shaft of the driving motor, and a second gear is rotatably connected in the heat-insulating box. A transmission gear ring is fixedly sleeved at one end of the rotary kiln drum and located below the second gear, and a third gear is provided between adjacent transmission gear rings. A through groove is opened on the partition plate, and the third gear is rotatably connected in the through groove and meshes with the transmission gear ring, and the second gear is respectively meshed with the first gear and the transmission gear ring located on the top layer.

[0014] As a further solution of the invention, both ends of the rotating shaft of the feeding auger are respectively connected to the front cover and the rear cover in a sealed rotation through sealed bearings, both ends of the rotary kiln barrel are sealed and fixed with sealing rings, the inner side walls of the front cover and the rear cover are sealed and fixed with sealing clamps, and the opposite sides of the sealing rings and the sealing clamps are of a corrugated nested structure and are sealed and rotated correspondingly.

[0015] As a further scheme of the invention, the front end cover is connected to the first intake pipe through the first intake valve, the rear end cover is connected to the first exhaust pipe through the first exhaust valve, the U-shaped storage pipe is connected to the first exhaust pipe through the second intake valve, and the U-shaped storage pipe is connected to the first intake pipe through the second exhaust valve. The U-shaped storage pipe is spliced ​​and connected to the first intake pipe and the first exhaust pipe respectively through a sealing sleeve and remains sealed, and an air supply valve is installed on the side of the U-shaped storage pipe close to the second intake valve.

[0016] As a further solution of the invention, a number of guide plates are provided on the upper and lower sides of the inner middle part of the U-shaped storage tube, and are evenly and evenly distributed. The interiors of the insulating tube cover, the front cover and the rear cover are all provided with insulating vacuum chambers.

[0017] As a further solution of the invention, a plurality of second air inlet pipes are connected through one side of the working box, and a plurality of second exhaust pipes are connected through the other side of the working box. The second air inlet pipes and the second exhaust pipes correspond to the rotary kiln drum one by one. A heat exchange refrigerator is arranged under the supporting frame. A heat conduction plate is suspended in the middle of the inner side of the first material storage box. The heat conduction plate is connected to the heat exchange end of the heat exchange refrigerator through a connecting pipe, and the second air inlet pipe and the second exhaust pipe are connected to the cooling end of the heat exchange refrigerator through a connecting pipe.

[0018] As a further solution of the invention, a first sealing door is installed on the upper end of the first storage box, a second sealing door is installed on the upper end of the second storage box, and a drop hopper is connected to the lower part of the second storage box, and the drop hopper is sealed and connected to the feed hopper through a feeding auger.

[0019] As a further solution of the invention, a plurality of mounting ring frames are provided around the heat insulation cylinder cover, and the adjacent mounting ring frames are respectively provided with a magnetic field generator and a microwave transmitter, that is, the ring frames formed by the magnetic field generator and the ring frames formed by the microwave generator are arranged at intervals.

[0020] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0021] (1) During operation, the kiln is roasted in sections independently. Each roasting process uses a corresponding rotary kiln drum as a processing container. The controlled variables such as the temperature of each roasting section are changed independently according to the process steps. During roasting, the waste lithium battery material powder is introduced into the end of the uppermost rotary kiln drum near the front end cover through the feed hopper. Under the high-temperature hydrogen atmosphere, each rotary kiln drum keeps rotating at a uniform speed, so that the material powder keeps turning. The driving motor drives the second gear through the first gear, and the second gear drives the rotary kiln drum located at the uppermost layer. Through the transmission of the third gear and the transmission gear ring, each rotary kiln drum can synchronously keep rotating at a uniform speed. Then the heating tube heats the middle part of the rotary kiln drum, so that the material powder is heated to the set temperature. The heat is isolated by the heat insulation drum cover to prevent the microwave transmitter and the magnetic field generator on the mounting ring frame from overheating. The microwave generator The microwave emitters and magnetic field generators are evenly staggered and arranged, microwaves and magnetic fields are applied to the material powder in the rotary kiln drum by the microwave emitters and magnetic field generators, and the mounting ring frames equipped with the microwave emitters and magnetic field generators are evenly staggered and arranged, so that the heating, microwaves and magnetic fields act synergistically on the material powder, so that the synergistic effect of the electric heating, microwaves and magnetic fields is optimized, and the reduction of the material powder is promoted, and the hydrogen reduction of the waste lithium-ion battery material is realized efficiently, easily industrialized, and easy to operate, while reducing the dependence on carbonaceous reducing agents, and at least one of nickel, cobalt, and manganese is controllably reduced to a low-valent state, especially a single state, so as to realize the collapse of the crystal structure, so that the single lithium can be released from the crystal structure, and then the full leaching of lithium and the efficient selective separation from at least one of nickel, cobalt, and manganese are realized during the subsequent process;

[0022] (2) The retention time of the powder in each rotary kiln drum is controlled by a feeding auger, and the powder that has completed the reaction is guided out of the rotary kiln drum. The powder of the previous reaction is introduced into the rotary kiln drum of the next reaction through a connecting bucket, and is heated again at the temperature set by the process, and the synergistic effect of microwaves and magnetic fields is performed. After completion, the powder is introduced into the rotary kiln drum of the next reaction again through a connecting bucket, and multiple different synergistic heating reactions are performed. The final product is output outward through a discharging hopper, thereby flexibly controlling the roasting process, hindering heat conduction through vacuum, reducing heat loss in the rotary kiln drum, and protecting the microwave transmitter and magnetic field generator at the same time. The synergistic effect is achieved by using strengthening means such as electric heating, microwaves, and magnetic fields, which greatly improves the metal recovery rate and ultimately achieves efficient and low-consumption recycling of resources;

[0023] (3) The waste lithium battery material powder is contained in the first storage box and the second storage box. During operation, the first sealing door and the second sealing door are both closed to keep the first storage box and the second storage box sealed. When the amount of material powder is insufficient, the second sealing door is kept closed and the first sealing door is opened. After the material powder is filled in the first storage box, the first sealing door is closed. Then, the second sealing door is opened to fill the second storage box with the material powder. Then, the second sealing door is closed and the first sealing door is opened to fill the second storage box with the material powder. At least one of the sealing doors is kept closed. The material delivery is ensured to be in a closed state by coordinating with the drop hopper, the feeding auger, the feed hopper, the front cover, the rotary kiln drum, the rear cover, the first air inlet pipe and the first exhaust pipe to avoid hydrogen leakage. Leakage, reduce the external hydrogen concentration, prevent explosion, and improve safety. When hydrogen is filled into the rotary kiln barrel for a period of time to form an atmosphere, the material powder maintains smooth transportation and absorbs the heat of the heat conducting plate and the U-shaped storage tube. It is preheated before roasting. Hydrogen is continuously injected into the rotary kiln barrel through the first air inlet pipe to maintain the hydrogen atmosphere. The waste gas after the reaction in the rotary kiln barrel is extracted through the first exhaust pipe and injected into the U-shaped storage tube in the second storage box. The waste gas reacts with pure aluminum powder to generate aluminum oxide powder and hydrogen, accompanied by a large amount of heat. The heat is conducted to the material powder in the second storage box through the U-shaped storage tube, thereby preheating the material powder. At the same time, the temperature of the gas does not change due to the reaction heat supplement of the pure aluminum powder, so that the pure aluminum powder The hydrogen atmosphere which has been oxidized and supplemented with heat is introduced into each rotary kiln tube as a protective atmosphere through the first air inlet pipe again. At the same time, the flow rate of the hydrogen atmosphere introduced into each rotary kiln tube is adjusted by the first air inlet valve and the second air exhaust valve. The flow rate of the reaction waste gas entering the U-shaped storage tube is adjusted by the first exhaust valve and the second air inlet valve, so as to accurately adjust the hydrogen atmosphere concentration in the rotary kiln tube and the reaction rate of the pure aluminum powder. If the reaction needs to increase the concentration of the hydrogen atmosphere, the pressurized hydrogen is introduced into the U-shaped storage tube to preheat the additional hydrogen. Since there is almost no need to supplement hydrogen, the safety is improved. The sealing rotation connection of the sealing collar and the sealing clamp ring maintains airtightness, prevents the high-temperature atmosphere from entering the chamber between the working box and the rotary kiln tube, and ensures The microwave transmitter and the magnetic field generator are protected, and the low-temperature air cooled by the heat exchange refrigerator is introduced into each chamber in the working box through the second air inlet pipe, and the microwave transmitter and the magnetic field generator in each chamber are air-cooled and heat-conducted to control the temperature, so that the microwave transmitter and the magnetic field generator are kept within the optimal working temperature range. The gas in the working box is cyclically discharged and cooled through the second air inlet pipe and the second exhaust pipe, and the gas is introduced for cooling. The discharged gas is continuously cooled by the heat exchange refrigerator and the heat of the heat exchange is introduced into the heat conduction plate through the connecting pipe, and then introduced into the first storage box through the heat conduction plate. The preheating before preheating is achieved by the material powder in the first storage box absorbing heat, so that the heat is introduced from the microwave transmitter and the magnetic field generator in the working box into the material powder.The material powder can continuously absorb heat through different temperatures, further reducing the energy consumed by the heating tube to maintain the working temperature, thereby reducing energy consumption and increasing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is the overall structural front view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A side view of the internal structure of the working box of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the middle A area;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the middle B area;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a partial schematic diagram of the internal structure of the second material storage box of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a rotary kiln drum and a mounting ring frame of the present invention;

[0031] In the figure: 1. working box; 2. supporting stand; 3. partition plate; 4. rotary kiln cylinder; 5. feeding auger; 6. supporting frame; 7. supporting bearing; 8. heating tube; 9. heat-insulating cylinder cover; 10. mounting ring frame; 11. microwave transmitter; 12. magnetic field generator; 13. front cover; 14. rear cover; 15. heat-insulating box; 16. driving motor; 17. first gear; 18. second gear; 19. third gear; 20. transmission gear ring; 21. through groove; 22. feed hopper; 23. connecting hopper; 24. discharge hopper; 25. heat-insulating vacuum chamber; 26. sealing bearing; 27. sealing sleeve Ring; 28, sealing snap ring; 29, the first air inlet valve; 30, the first exhaust valve; 31, the first air inlet pipe; 32, the first exhaust pipe; 33, the second air inlet pipe; 34, the second exhaust pipe; 35, the first storage box; 36, the second storage box; 37, the second air inlet valve; 38, the second exhaust valve; 39, the U-shaped storage pipe; 40, the sealing sleeve; 41, the pure aluminum powder; 42, the guide plate; 43, the heat conduction plate; 44, the connecting pipe; 45, the heat exchange refrigerator; 46, the first sealing door; 47, the second sealing door; 48, the drop hopper; 49, the feeding auger; 50, the connecting pipe; 51, the air supply valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation mode, structure, characteristics and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0033] See also Figure 1-6 As shown: a synergistic enhanced roasting device for waste lithium battery materials, including a working box 1, the working box 1 is supported by a supporting stand 2, the working box 1 is evenly divided into several layers by a partition plate 3, and this embodiment is divided into three layers, each layer of the working box 1 is equipped with a rotary kiln tube 4, a feeding auger 5 is arranged at the lower part of the rotary kiln tube 4, an insulating tube cover 9 is sleeved on the middle outer periphery of the rotary kiln tube 4, a heating pipe 8 is arranged on the middle inner periphery of the insulating tube cover 9, a mounting ring frame 10 is arranged on the middle outer periphery of the insulating tube cover 9, a microwave transmitter 11 and a magnetic field generator 12 are installed on the mounting ring frame 10, and the rotary kiln tube 4 is provided with a heating tube 8. The two ends of the kiln cylinder 4 are respectively sealed with a front cover 13 and a rear cover 14, and the front cover 13 and the rear cover 14 are staggered from top to bottom. The adjacent rotary kiln cylinders 4 are sequentially connected end to end through the connecting bucket 23. The head and tail of the connecting bucket 23 respectively penetrate the rear cover 14 of the previous rotary kiln cylinder 4 and the front cover 13 of the next rotary kiln cylinder 4. The port of the connecting bucket 23 is located directly below the discharge port of the rotary kiln cylinder 4. The front cover 13 of the rotary kiln cylinder 4 at the top is penetrated by a feed hopper 22, and the rear cover 14 of the rotary kiln cylinder 4 at the bottom is penetrated by a discharge hopper 24.

[0034] When the present embodiment is working, segmented independent roasting is adopted. Each roasting process is carried out through a corresponding rotary kiln drum 4 as a processing container. The controlled quantities such as the temperature of each roasting stage are changed independently according to the process steps. During roasting, the waste lithium battery material powder is introduced into the end of the uppermost rotary kiln drum 4 close to the front end cover 13 through the feed hopper 22. The feed hopper 22 and the discharge hopper 24 are provided with a sealing mechanism. Under the high-temperature hydrogen atmosphere, each rotary kiln drum 4 keeps rotating at a uniform speed so that the material powder keeps turning. Then the heating tube 8 heats the middle part of the rotary kiln drum 4 so that the material powder is heated to the set temperature. The heat is isolated by the heat-insulating drum cover 9 to prevent the microwave transmitter 11 and the magnetic field generator 12 on the mounting ring frame 10 from overheating. The microwave transmitter 11 and the magnetic field generator 12 are used to heat the rotary kiln drum 4. Microwaves and magnetic fields are applied to the material powder in the rotary kiln tube 4, so that the heating, microwaves and magnetic fields act synergistically on the material powder to promote the reduction of the material powder. The retention time of the powder in each rotary kiln tube 4 is controlled by the feeding auger 5, and the powder that has completed the reaction is led out of the rotary kiln tube 4, and the powder of the previous reaction is introduced into the rotary kiln tube 4 of the next reaction through the connecting bucket 23, and is heated, microwaved and magnetically acted synergistically again at the temperature set by the process. After completion, it is introduced into the rotary kiln tube 4 of the next reaction again through the connecting bucket 23. This embodiment adopts three groups of rotary kiln tubes 4 to carry out three different synergistic heating reactions. The final product is output outwardly through the discharge hopper 24. The synergistic effect improves the sufficiency and reaction quality of the reaction, reduces the time required for the reaction, and improves the overall work efficiency.

[0035] A first material storage box 35 and a second material storage box 36 are provided on one side of the working box 1. The first material storage box 35 is connected to the second material storage box 36 through the first material storage box 35. A U-shaped material storage pipe 39 is suspended in the second material storage box 36. The two ends of the U-shaped material storage pipe 39 are sealed and connected to the first air intake pipe 31 and the first exhaust pipe 32 respectively. The first air intake pipe 31 is connected to each front end cover 13 respectively, and the first exhaust pipe 32 is connected to each rear end cover 14 respectively. The U-shaped material storage pipe 39 is filled with pure aluminum powder 41.

[0036] When the present embodiment is working, the waste lithium battery material powder is contained in the first storage box 35 and the second storage box 36. When the rotary kiln drum 4 is filled with hydrogen for a period of time to form an atmosphere, hydrogen is continuously injected into the rotary kiln drum 4 through the first air inlet pipe 31 to control the hydrogen atmosphere. The waste gas after the reaction in the rotary kiln drum 4 is extracted through the first exhaust pipe 32 and injected into the U-shaped storage pipe 39 in the second storage box 36. The waste gas reacts with the pure aluminum powder 41 to generate aluminum oxide powder and hydrogen, accompanied by a large amount of heat. The heat is transferred to the material in the second storage box 36 through the U-shaped storage pipe 39. The powder is preheated, and the temperature of the gas does not change due to the reaction heat of the pure aluminum powder 41, so that the purified and heated hydrogen atmosphere is introduced into each rotary kiln tube 4 through the first air inlet pipe 31 as a protective atmosphere, thereby reducing the energy consumption due to maintaining the temperature, improving the energy utilization efficiency, and keeping the atmosphere in the rotary kiln tube 4 unchanged, maintaining the reaction quality of the material powder, and avoiding a large amount of hydrogen replenishment through the self-circulation of hydrogen, reducing hydrogen consumption and cost. At the same time, since there is no need to replenish hydrogen, safety is improved.

[0037] Both ends of the rotary kiln drum 4 are sleeved with support frames 6, and the rotary kiln drum 4 is rotatably connected to the support frame 6 through a support bearing 7. A plurality of heating tubes 8 and mounting ring frames 10 are provided and are equidistantly staggered. Both sides of the mounting ring frame 10 and both sides of the support frame 6 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the working box 1. A plurality of pairs of microwave launchers 11 and magnetic field generators 12 are provided and are respectively centrally symmetrically arranged and installed on the mounting ring frames 10. In this embodiment, the microwave launchers 11 and the magnetic field generators 12 are evenly staggered and arranged. Other arrangements can also be made according to requirements, for example, a plurality of mounting ring frames 10 equipped with only microwave launchers 11 and a plurality of mounting ring frames 10 equipped with only magnetic field generators 12 are provided, and the mounting ring frames 10 equipped with microwave launchers 11 and magnetic field generators 12 are evenly staggered and distributed. The distribution method of this embodiment makes the synergistic effect of electric heating, microwaves and magnetic fields reach the best in the process of this embodiment, and the quantity, position and distribution rules can also be adjusted in time according to other processes, so that the synergistic effect reaches the best design.

[0038] A heat insulation box 15 is installed on the top of the working box 1, and a driving motor 16 is installed in the heat insulation box 15. A first gear 17 is installed at one end of the rotating shaft of the driving motor 16. A second gear 18 is rotatably connected in the heat insulation box 15 and below the first gear 17. A transmission gear ring 20 is fixedly sleeved on one end of the rotary kiln tube 4 and below the second gear 18. A third gear 19 is provided between adjacent transmission gear rings 20. A through groove 21 is opened on the partition plate 3. The third gear 19 is rotatably connected in the through groove 21 and meshes with the transmission gear ring 20. The second gear 18 is respectively meshed with the first gear 17 and the transmission gear ring 20 located at the top layer. When working, the driving motor 16 drives the second gear 18 through the first gear 17, and the second gear 18 drives the rotary kiln tube 4 located at the top layer. Through the transmission of the third gear 19 and the transmission gear ring 20, each rotary kiln tube 4 can synchronously maintain a uniform rotation.

[0039] The inside of the heat-insulating cylinder cover 9, the front cover 13 and the rear cover 14 are all provided with a heat-insulating vacuum chamber 25. The heat-insulating vacuum chamber 25 is a vacuum chamber. The heat conduction is hindered by vacuum, so as to reduce the heat loss of the rotary kiln cylinder 4 and protect the microwave emitter 11 and the magnetic field generator 12. One end of the feeding auger 5 is provided with an engine for self-drive. Both ends of the rotating shaft of the feeding auger 5 are respectively connected to the front cover 13 and the rear cover 14 in a sealed rotation through a sealing bearing 26. Both ends of the rotary kiln cylinder 4 are sealed and fixed with a sealing ring 27. The inner side walls of the front cover 13 and the rear cover 14 are sealed and fixed with a sealing snap ring 28. The opposite sides of the sealing ring 27 and the sealing snap ring 28 are in a corrugated nested structure and are correspondingly sealed and rotated. The sealed rotation connection of the sealing ring 27 and the sealing snap ring 28 maintains airtightness, prevents high-temperature atmosphere from entering the chamber between the working box 1 and the rotary kiln cylinder 4, and protects the microwave emitter 11 and the magnetic field generator 12.

[0040] The front end cover 13 is connected to the first air inlet pipe 31 through the first air inlet valve 29, the rear end cover 14 is connected to the first exhaust pipe 32 through the first exhaust valve 30, the U-shaped material storage pipe 39 is connected to the first exhaust pipe 32 through the second air inlet valve 37, and the U-shaped material storage pipe 39 is connected to the first air inlet pipe 31 through the second exhaust valve 38. The U-shaped material storage pipe 39 is spliced ​​and connected to the first air inlet pipe 31 and the first exhaust pipe 32 through the sealing sleeve 40 and keeps sealed. When working, the flow rate of hydrogen atmosphere introduced into each rotary kiln tube 4 is adjusted by the first air inlet valve 29 and the second exhaust valve 38. The exhaust valve 30 and the second air inlet valve 37 adjust the flow rate of the reaction waste gas entering the U-shaped storage pipe 39, so as to accurately adjust the hydrogen atmosphere concentration in the rotary kiln tube 4 and the reaction rate of the pure aluminum powder 41. A gas replenishing valve 51 connected to the external pipeline is also installed on the side of the U-shaped storage pipe 39 close to the second air inlet valve 37. If the hydrogen concentration needs to be increased during roasting, pressurized hydrogen is introduced into the gas replenishing valve 51 of the U-shaped storage pipe 39 to preheat the additional hydrogen, thereby reducing the overall energy consumption; when the hydrogen needs to be discharged externally, it can also be discharged from the roasting system through the gas replenishing valve 51 and the corresponding pipeline.

[0041] A plurality of guide plates 42 are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the inner middle of the U-shaped storage tube 39 , which are evenly and evenly distributed. The guide plates 42 allow the high-temperature exhaust gas to fully react with the pure aluminum powder 41 , thereby improving the reaction sufficiency of the pure aluminum powder 41 .

[0042] A plurality of second air inlet pipes 33 are connected through one side of the working box 1, and a plurality of second air exhaust pipes 34 are connected through the other side of the working box 1. The second air inlet pipes 33 and the second air exhaust pipes 34 correspond to the rotary kiln tube 4 one by one. A heat exchange refrigerator 45 is provided below the support stand 2. A heat conducting plate 43 is suspended in the middle of the inner side of the first material storage box 35. The heat conducting plate 43 is connected to the heat exchange end of the heat exchange refrigerator 45 through a connecting pipe 44. The second air inlet pipes 33 and the second air exhaust pipes 34 are both connected to the cooling end of the heat exchange refrigerator 45 through a connecting pipe 50.

[0043] When the present embodiment is working, the low-temperature air cooled by the heat exchange refrigerator 45 is introduced into each chamber in the working box 1 through the second air inlet pipe 33, and the microwave launcher 11 and the magnetic field generator 12 in each chamber are air-cooled and heat-conducted to control the temperature, so that the microwave launcher 11 and the magnetic field generator 12 are kept within the optimal working temperature range. The gas in the working box 1 is cyclically discharged and cooled and introduced for cooling through the second air inlet pipe 33 and the second exhaust pipe 34. The discharged gas is continuously cooled by the heat exchange refrigerator 45 and the heat of the heat exchange is introduced into the heat conduction plate 43 through the connecting pipe 44, and then introduced into the first storage box 35 through the heat conduction plate 43. The material powder in the first storage box 35 absorbs heat to achieve primary preheating, thereby introducing heat from the microwave launcher 11 and the magnetic field generator 12 around the working box 1 into the material powder, further reducing the energy loss of the heating tube 8 to maintain the working temperature, thereby reducing energy consumption and increasing efficiency.

[0044] A first sealing door 46 is installed at the upper end of the first material storage box 35, a second sealing door 47 is installed at the upper end of the second material storage box 36, and a drop hopper 48 is connected to the lower part of the second material storage box 36, and the drop hopper 48 is sealed and connected to the feed hopper 22 through a feeding auger 49;

[0045] When the present embodiment is working, the first sealing door 46 and the second sealing door 47 are both closed to keep the first storage box 35 and the second storage box 36 sealed. When the amount of material powder is insufficient, the second sealing door 47 is kept closed and the first sealing door 46 is opened to fill the first storage box 35 with the material powder, then the first sealing door 46 is closed, and then the second sealing door 47 is opened to fill the second storage box 36 with the material powder, and then the second sealing door 47 is closed and the first sealing door 46 is opened to fill the material powder until it is full, and then the first sealing door 46 is closed, at least Keep one of the sealing doors in a closed state, cooperate with the drop hopper 48, the feeding auger 49, the feed hopper 22, the front cover 13, the rotary kiln tube 4, the rear cover 14, the first air inlet pipe 31 and the first exhaust pipe 32 to ensure that the hydrogen transportation is in a closed state, avoid hydrogen leakage, reduce the external hydrogen concentration, prevent explosion, improve safety, and facilitate the smooth transportation of material powder and absorb the heat of the heat conduction plate 43 and the U-shaped storage pipe 39 to complete the heat cycle, reduce heat dissipation to the environment, reduce the energy consumption used to supplement the consumption to maintain the temperature, and improve energy efficiency.

[0046] When the present invention is in use, it adopts segmented independent roasting, and each roasting process uses a corresponding rotary kiln tube 4 as a processing container. The controlled quantities such as the temperature of each roasting stage are changed independently according to the process steps. During roasting, the waste lithium battery material powder is introduced into the end of the uppermost rotary kiln tube 4 close to the front end cover 13 through the feed hopper 22. Under the high-temperature hydrogen atmosphere, each rotary kiln tube 4 keeps rotating at a uniform speed, so that the material powder keeps turning. The driving motor 16 drives the second gear 18 through the first gear 17, and the second gear 18 drives the rotary kiln tube 4 located at the uppermost layer. Through the transmission of the third gear 19 and the transmission gear ring 20, each rotary kiln tube 4 can synchronously keep rotating at a uniform speed. Then the heating tube 8 heats the middle part of the rotary kiln tube 4, so that the material powder is heated to the set temperature. The heat is isolated by the heat-insulating tube cover 9 to prevent the microwave transmitter 11 on the mounting ring frame 10 from rotating. and the magnetic field generator 12 are overheated, the microwave launcher 11 and the magnetic field generator 12 are evenly staggered and arranged, microwaves and magnetic fields are applied to the material powder in the rotary kiln tube 4 by the microwave launcher 11 and the magnetic field generator 12, and the mounting ring frame 10 equipped with the microwave launcher 11 and the magnetic field generator 12 is evenly staggered and arranged, so that the electric heating, microwaves and magnetic fields act synergistically on the material powder, so that the synergistic effect of the electric heating, microwaves and magnetic fields is optimized, and the reduction of the material powder is promoted, and the hydrogen reduction of the waste lithium-ion battery material is realized efficiently, easily industrialized, and easy to operate, while reducing the dependence on carbonaceous reducing agents, nickel, cobalt, and manganese are controllably reduced to a low-valent state, especially a single state, and the crystal structure collapses, so that the single lithium can be released from the crystal structure, and then the lithium is fully leached and the efficient selective separation from nickel, cobalt and manganese is realized during the subsequent process;

[0047] The retention time of the powder in each rotary kiln tube 4 is controlled by the feeding auger 5, and the powder that has completed the reaction is led out of the rotary kiln tube 4, and the powder of the previous reaction is introduced into the rotary kiln tube 4 of the next reaction through the connecting bucket 23, and is heated again at the temperature set by the process, and the synergistic effect of microwaves and magnetic fields is performed again. After completion, it is introduced into the rotary kiln tube 4 of the next reaction again through the connecting bucket 23, and multiple different synergistic heating reactions are performed. The final product is output to the outside through the discharging hopper 24, so as to flexibly control the roasting process, hinder heat conduction through vacuum, reduce heat loss of the rotary kiln tube 4, and protect the microwave transmitter 11 and the magnetic field generator 12 at the same time, and use electric heating, microwaves, magnetic fields and other strengthening means to achieve synergistic efficiency, greatly improve the metal recovery rate, and finally realize efficient and low-consumption circulation of resources;

[0048] The waste lithium battery material powder is contained in the first storage box 35 and the second storage box 36. During operation, the first sealing door 46 and the second sealing door 47 are both closed to keep the first storage box 35 and the second storage box 36 sealed. When the amount of material powder is insufficient, the second sealing door 47 is kept closed and the first sealing door 46 is opened. After the material powder is filled in the first storage box 35, the first sealing door 46 is closed. Then, the second sealing door 47 is opened to fill the second storage box 36 with the material powder. Then, the second sealing door 47 is closed and the first sealing door 46 is opened to fill the material powder until it is full. Then, the first sealing door 46 is closed. At least one of the sealing doors is kept in a closed state. The material powder is matched with the drop hopper 48, the feeding auger 49, the feed hopper 22, the front end cover 13, and the rotary The kiln barrel 4, the rear end cover 14, the first air inlet pipe 31 and the first exhaust pipe 32 ensure that hydrogen is transported in a closed state to avoid hydrogen leakage, reduce the external hydrogen concentration, prevent explosion, and improve safety. When the rotary kiln barrel 4 is filled with hydrogen for a period of time to form an atmosphere, the material powder maintains smooth transportation and absorbs the heat of the heat conducting plate 43 and the U-shaped storage pipe 39. It is preheated before roasting, and hydrogen is continuously injected into the rotary kiln barrel 4 through the first air inlet pipe 31 to control the hydrogen atmosphere. The waste gas after the reaction in the rotary kiln barrel 4 is extracted through the first exhaust pipe 32 and injected into the U-shaped storage pipe 39 in the second storage box 36. The waste gas reacts with the pure aluminum powder 41 to generate aluminum oxide powder and hydrogen, accompanied by a large amount of heat. The heat is transmitted through the U-shaped storage pipe 39. 39 is conducted to the material powder in the second storage box 36, so as to preheat the material powder. At the same time, the temperature of the gas does not change due to the reaction heat supplement of the pure aluminum powder 41, so that the purified and heated hydrogen atmosphere is introduced into each rotary kiln tube 4 through the first inlet pipe 31 as a reducing atmosphere. At the same time, the flow rate of the hydrogen atmosphere introduced into each rotary kiln tube 4 is jointly adjusted by the first inlet valve 29 and the second exhaust valve 38, and the flow rate of the reaction waste gas entering the U-shaped storage tube 39 is adjusted by the first exhaust valve 30 and the second inlet valve 37, so as to accurately adjust the hydrogen atmosphere concentration in the rotary kiln tube 4 and the reaction rate of the pure aluminum powder 41. If the reaction needs to increase the concentration of the hydrogen atmosphere, pressurized hydrogen is introduced into the U-shaped storage tube 39. Thus, the additional hydrogen is preheated. Since there is almost no need to supplement hydrogen, the safety is improved. The sealing and rotating connection of the sealing collar 27 and the sealing clamp ring 28 maintains air tightness, prevents high-temperature atmosphere from entering the chamber between the working box 1 and the rotary kiln tube 4, and protects the microwave launcher 11 and the magnetic field generator 12. At the same time, the low-temperature air cooled by the heat exchange refrigerator 45 is introduced into each chamber in the working box 1 through the second air inlet pipe 33, and the microwave launcher 11 and the magnetic field generator 12 in each chamber are air-cooled and heat-conducted to control the temperature, so that the microwave launcher 11 and the magnetic field generator 12 are kept within the optimal working temperature range. The gas in the working box 1 is discharged for cooling and introduced for cooling through the second air inlet pipe 33 and the second exhaust pipe 34 in a cyclic manner.The heat exchanger 45 continuously cools the discharged gas and introduces the heat exchanged heat into the heat conducting plate 43 through the connecting pipe 44, and then introduces it into the first material storage box 35 through the heat conducting plate 43. The material powder in the first material storage box 35 absorbs heat to achieve preheating before roasting, thereby introducing heat from the microwave transmitter 11 and the magnetic field generator 12 in the working box 1 into the material powder. The material powder continuously absorbs heat through the difference in temperature, further reducing the energy loss of the heating tube 8 to maintain the working temperature, thereby reducing energy consumption and increasing efficiency.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A synergistic enhanced roasting device for waste lithium battery materials, characterized in that: The invention comprises a working box (1), wherein the working box (1) is supported by a supporting stand (2), the working box (1) is divided into a plurality of layers at equal intervals by a partition plate (3), a plurality of rotary kiln cylinders (4) are arranged in the working box (1), a feeding auger (5) is arranged at the lower part of the rotary kiln cylinder (4), a heat insulating cylinder cover (9) is sleeved on the middle outer periphery of the rotary kiln cylinder (4), a heating pipe (8) is arranged on the middle inner periphery of the heat insulating cylinder cover (9), a mounting ring frame (10) is arranged on the middle outer periphery of the heat insulating cylinder cover (9), and a A microwave transmitter (11) and a magnetic field generator (12) are installed. The two ends of the rotary kiln drum (4) are respectively sealed with a front cover (13) and a rear cover (14). The front cover (13) and the rear cover (14) are arranged alternately from top to bottom. Adjacent rotary kiln drums (4) are connected end to end in sequence through a connecting hopper (23). The front cover (13) of the rotary kiln drum (4) at the top is provided with a feed hopper (22), and the rear cover (14) of the rotary kiln drum (4) at the bottom is provided with a discharge hopper (24). The device is a device for synergistically enhancing reduction roasting of waste lithium battery materials.

2. The synergistically enhanced roasting device for waste lithium battery materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first material storage box (35) and a second material storage box (36) are provided on one side of the working box (1); the first material storage box (35) is connected to the second material storage box (36); a U-shaped material storage pipe (39) is suspended in the second material storage box (36); the two ends of the U-shaped material storage pipe (39) are respectively sealed and connected to a first air intake pipe (31) and a first exhaust pipe (32); and the U-shaped material storage pipe (39) is filled with pure aluminum powder (41).

3. The synergistically enhanced roasting device for waste lithium battery materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the rotary kiln drum (4) are sleeved with support frames (6), and the rotary kiln drum (4) is rotatably connected to the support frame (6) via a support bearing (7). A plurality of heating tubes (8) and mounting ring frames (10) are provided and are equidistantly and staggeredly distributed. Both sides of the mounting ring frame (10) and both sides of the support frame (6) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the working box (1). A plurality of pairs of microwave emitters (11) and magnetic field generators (12) are provided and are respectively centrally symmetrically arranged and mounted on the mounting ring frame (10).

4. The synergistically enhanced roasting device for waste lithium battery materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat-insulating box (15) is installed on the top of the working box (1), a driving motor (16) is installed in the heat-insulating box (15), a first gear (17) is installed at one end of the rotating shaft of the driving motor (16), a second gear (18) is rotatably connected in the heat-insulating box (15), a transmission gear ring (20) is fixedly sleeved on one end of the rotary kiln tube (4) and located below the second gear (18), a third gear (19) is arranged between adjacent transmission gear rings (20), a through groove (21) is opened on the partition plate (3), the third gear (19) is rotatably connected in the through groove (21) and meshed with the transmission gear ring (20), and the second gear (18) is respectively meshed with the first gear (17) and the transmission gear ring (20) located at the top layer.

5. The synergistically enhanced roasting device for waste lithium battery materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the rotating shaft of the feeding auger (5) are respectively connected to the front cover (13) and the rear cover (14) in a sealed and rotatable manner through sealing bearings (26); both ends of the rotary kiln drum (4) are sealed and fixed with sealing collars (27); the inner side walls of the front cover (13) and the rear cover (14) are sealed and fixed with sealing retaining rings (28); the opposite sides of the sealing collars (27) and the sealing retaining rings (28) are in a corrugated nested structure and are correspondingly connected in a sealed and rotatable manner.

6. The synergistically enhanced roasting device for waste lithium battery materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front end cover (13) is connected to the first intake pipe (31) through the first intake valve (29), the rear end cover (14) is connected to the first exhaust pipe (32) through the first exhaust valve (30), the U-shaped storage pipe (39) is connected to the first exhaust pipe (32) through the second intake valve (37), and the U-shaped storage pipe (39) is connected to the first intake pipe (31) through the second exhaust valve (38), the U-shaped storage pipe (39) is spliced ​​and connected to the first intake pipe (31) and the first exhaust pipe (32) through a sealing sleeve (40) and keeps them sealed, and a gas replenishing valve (51) is installed on the side of the U-shaped storage pipe (39) close to the second intake valve (37).

7. The synergistically enhanced roasting device for waste lithium battery materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of guide plates (42) are arranged on both the upper and lower sides of the inner middle part of the U-shaped material storage tube (39) and are evenly and staggeredly distributed at equal intervals. A heat-insulating vacuum chamber (25) is provided inside the heat-insulating cylinder cover (9), the front end cover (13) and the rear end cover (14).

8. The synergistically enhanced roasting device for waste lithium battery materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of second air inlet pipes (33) are connected through one side of the working box (1), and a plurality of second air exhaust pipes (34) are connected through the other side of the working box (1). The second air inlet pipes (33) and the second air exhaust pipes (34) correspond to the rotary kiln drum (4) one by one. A heat exchange refrigerator (45) is provided below the support stand (2). A heat conduction plate (43) is suspended in the middle of the inner side of the first material storage box (35). The heat conduction plate (43) is connected to the heat exchange end of the heat exchange refrigerator (45) through a connecting pipe (44). The second air inlet pipe (33) and the second air exhaust pipe (34) are both connected to the cooling end of the heat exchange refrigerator (45) through a connecting pipe (50).

9. The synergistically enhanced roasting device for waste lithium battery materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first sealing door (46) is installed at the upper end of the first material storage box (35), a second sealing door (47) is installed at the upper end of the second material storage box (36), and a drop hopper (48) is connected to the lower part of the second material storage box (36), and the drop hopper (48) is sealed and connected to the feed hopper (22) through a feeding auger (49).

10. The synergistically enhanced roasting device for waste lithium battery materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-insulating cylinder cover (9) is provided with a plurality of mounting ring frames (10) in the circumferential direction, and adjacent mounting ring frames (10) are provided with magnetic field generators (12) and microwave transmitters (11) respectively.

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