A kind of polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application provides a polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent and a preparation method thereof, comprising 4-8 parts of vegetable protein, 3-8 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 3-15 parts of a foam stabilizer, 10-40 parts of a polymer bonding component, 5-10 parts of a cellulose solution, and 5-12 parts of a salt component; the concrete foaming agent further comprises: an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant; the anionic surfactant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate in a mass ratio of 1:1.2-1.5; the nonionic surfactant is selected from alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether in a mass ratio of 1:1.01-1.24; the cationic surfactant is selected from cationic guar gum and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide in a mass ratio of 1:0.6-0.9; the added amounts of the anionic surfactant, the cationic surfactant, and the nonionic surfactant account for X, Y, and Z of the total weight of the foaming agent, and satisfy the relationship: Y+Z≥0.8X, Z≥1.2Y. The foaming agent of the present application has excellent comprehensive properties such as low water absorption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of concrete foaming agents, and in particular to a polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Lightweight concrete, also known as foamed concrete, refers to concrete that is made by mechanically foaming the foaming agent through the foaming system of the foaming agent, and evenly mixing the foam with cement slurry. It is then pumped for cast-in-place construction or mold forming. Through reasonable natural curing, it becomes a porous material with a large number of closed pores inside. It is a new type of building material that is lightweight, non-absorbent and non-flammable. It can be used for roof insulation, floor heating, ground cushioning and exterior wall insulation.

[0003] Normally, after the foam slurry and cement slurry are mixed, the cement will undergo a hydration reaction. When the water demand for hydration is insufficient, the cement will absorb the moisture in the foam, causing the foam to burst, thereby reducing the number of closed bubbles and the uniformity of the concrete, resulting in a decrease in the strength of the lightweight concrete.

[0004] In view of this, how to obtain a concrete foaming agent with low thermal conductivity, ability to enhance concrete strength and low water absorption will become increasingly important. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent and a preparation method thereof, which are used to solve the technical problems in the prior art such as high water absorption and high thermal conductivity of the foaming agent and inability to effectively enhance the strength of concrete.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent, which comprises, by weight: 4 to 8 parts of plant protein, 3 to 8 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 3 to 15 parts of a foam stabilizer, 10 to 40 parts of a polymer bonding component, 5 to 10 parts of a cellulose solution, and 5 to 12 parts of a salt component;

[0007] The concrete foaming agent also includes: anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant and nonionic surfactant;

[0008] The anionic surfactant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate in a mass ratio of 1:1.2 to 1.5;

[0009] The nonionic surfactant is selected from alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether in a mass ratio of 1:1.01 to 1.24;

[0010] The cationic surfactant is selected from cationic guar gum and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in a mass ratio of 1:0.6-0.9;

[0011] The amount of the anionic surfactant added to the total weight of the foaming agent is X, the amount of the cationic surfactant added to the total weight of the foaming agent is Y, the amount of the nonionic surfactant added to the total weight of the foaming agent is Z, and X, Y and Z satisfy the following relationship:

[0012] Y+Z≥0.8X, Z≥1.2Y.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the foam stabilizer is selected from one or any combination of polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, calcium stearate or lauryl alcohol.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the polymer bonding component is selected from at least one of epoxy resin, starch, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid or gelatin.

[0015] In an optional embodiment, the epoxy resin is selected from any one of glycidyl ether epoxy resin, glycidyl ester epoxy resin, glycidyl amine epoxy resin or linear aliphatic epoxy resin.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the plant protein is selected from one or any proportion of soybean meal, cottonseed meal, peanut meal, and rapeseed meal.

[0017] In an optional embodiment, the salt component is selected from a mixture of carbonate or bicarbonate and thionyl chloride;

[0018] The mass ratio of the carbonate or bicarbonate to the thionyl chloride is (0.25-0.64): (0.89-1.19);

[0019] The carbonate is selected from one or more of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and magnesium carbonate in any proportion;

[0020] The bicarbonate is selected from one or more of sodium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate in any proportion.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent, the method for preparing the concrete foaming agent comprising:

[0022] Add anionic surfactant into water and stir for 5 to 30 minutes to obtain mixture A;

[0023] Add a nonionic surfactant to water and stir for 5 to 20 minutes to obtain a mixture B;

[0024] Add cationic surfactant and cellulose solution into water, stir for 5 to 10 minutes, then add vegetable protein, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, foam stabilizer, polymer bonding component and salt component and stir for 2 to 30 minutes;

[0025] The mixture A and the mixture B are added into the above mixed solution, and the stirring is continued for 5 to 20 minutes to obtain the foaming agent.

[0026] Further optionally, the stirring temperature during the stirring process is 50-90°C.

[0027] Further optionally, the salt component needs to be ground and sieved; the mesh size of the sieve is 100 to 500 meshes.

[0028] In a third aspect, a concrete material comprises a polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent according to any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, or a polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent obtained by any one of the preparation methods of the second aspect.

[0029] The present application provides a polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent and a preparation method thereof, comprising 4 to 8 parts of vegetable protein, 3 to 8 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 3 to 15 parts of a foam stabilizer, 10 to 40 parts of a polymer bonding component, 5 to 10 parts of a cellulose solution, and 5 to 12 parts of a salt component; the concrete foaming agent also includes: an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant; the anionic surfactant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate in a mass ratio of 1:1.2 to 1.5; the nonionic surfactant is selected from a mass ratio of 1:1. 01~1.24 alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether; the cationic surfactant is selected from cationic guar gum and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide in a mass ratio of 1:0.6~0.9; the added amount of anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant and nonionic surfactant accounts for X, Y and Z of the total weight of the foaming agent, and satisfies the relationship: Y+Z≥0.8X, Z≥1.2Y means; the concrete foaming agent provided by the present application has a high foaming multiple, a low settlement distance and a low water bleeding rate, and can effectively improve the comprehensive performance of concrete materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0031] Figure 1 The process flow of the preparation method of a polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent provided in this application Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 2The process flow of the preparation method of a polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent provided in this application Figure 2 .

[0033] The above drawings have shown clear embodiments of the present application, which will be described in more detail later. These drawings and text descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0035] Lightweight concrete, also known as foamed concrete, refers to concrete that is made by mechanically foaming the foaming agent through the foaming system of the foaming agent, and evenly mixing the foam with cement slurry. It is then pumped for cast-in-place construction or mold forming. Through reasonable natural curing, it becomes a porous material with a large number of closed pores inside. It is a new type of building material that is lightweight, non-absorbent and non-flammable. It can be used for roof insulation, floor heating, ground cushioning and exterior wall insulation.

[0036] Normally, after the foam slurry and cement slurry are mixed, the cement will undergo a hydration reaction. When the water demand for hydration is insufficient, the cement will absorb the moisture in the foam, causing the foam to burst, thereby reducing the number of closed bubbles and the uniformity of the concrete, resulting in a decrease in the strength of the lightweight concrete.

[0037] In view of this, how to obtain a concrete foaming agent with low thermal conductivity, ability to enhance concrete strength and low water absorption will become increasingly important.

[0038] The present application provides a polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the foaming agent has high water absorption, high thermal conductivity, and cannot effectively enhance the strength of concrete. The concrete foaming agent of the present application can achieve technical effects such as low water absorption, low thermal conductivity, and can effectively enhance the strength of concrete.

[0039] The technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Figure 1 The process flow chart of a method for preparing a polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent provided in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the preparation method of the lightweight concrete foaming agent comprises:

[0041] S101, adding anionic surfactant to water, stirring for 5 to 30 minutes to obtain mixture A;

[0042] S102, adding a nonionic surfactant to water, and stirring for 5 to 20 minutes to obtain a mixture B;

[0043] S103, adding the cationic surfactant and cellulose solution into water, stirring for 5 to 10 minutes, then adding the vegetable protein, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, foam stabilizer, polymer adhesive component, and salt component and stirring for 2 to 30 minutes;

[0044] S104, adding mixture A and mixture B into the above mixed solution, and continuing stirring for 5 to 20 minutes to obtain the foaming agent.

[0045] Specifically, the above preparation method is used to prepare the foaming agent in Examples 1 to 3 and the comparative example, wherein the specific raw material component ratios in the examples and the comparative example are shown in Table 1 below.

[0046] Table 1. Ratio of raw material components

[0047]

[0048]

[0049] Furthermore, in the examples and comparative examples of the present application, the specific selection of the above foam stabilizer, polymer adhesive component, plant protein, and salt component is as described above, and those skilled in the art can make selections and adjustments based on the above description; the cellulose solution in the present application is obtained by freezing cellulose in an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and urea; the stirring temperature during the preparation process, etc., can be adjusted and prepared by the technicians in the above description, and will not be repeated here.

[0050] In the present application, the addition amount of anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants and nonionic surfactants is maintained within Y+Z≥0.8X, Z≥1.2Y. The anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants and nonionic surfactants can cooperate with each other to improve the stability of the foaming agent, and can increase the foaming multiple, as well as reduce the water bleeding rate and sedimentation distance, and have excellent comprehensive performance of the foaming agent, the mechanism of which needs to be further explored by the researchers of the present invention; at the same time, compared with the preparation method in S201~S202, after the anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants and nonionic surfactants are added into the water at the same time, the performance of the prepared foaming agent is reduced when other components are added, which is mainly due to the incomplete dissolution after adding them together, which affects the performance of the foaming agent; the added cellulose solution and polymer bonding component effectively cooperate to ensure the foam stabilization effect.

[0051] Continue as Figure 2 As shown, another preparation method of the lightweight concrete foaming agent comprises:

[0052] S201, adding anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant and nonionic surfactant into water, and stirring at 50-90° C.;

[0053] S202, adding cellulose solution, vegetable protein, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, foam stabilizer, polymer adhesive component, and salt component, and continuing stirring to obtain a foaming agent.

[0054] The foaming agent in Comparative Example 8 is used Figure 2 The preparation method in is used for preparation, wherein the components in Comparative Example 8, as well as the selection and addition amounts of anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants and nonionic surfactants are consistent with those in Example 3.

[0055] Performance Test:

[0056] The foaming agents obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 were tested for the following properties according to the standard "Foaming Agent for Foamed Concrete" JC / T2199-2013. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0057] Table 2. Performance test results

[0058]

[0059] It can be seen from Table 2 that the foaming agents prepared in Examples 1 to 3 have excellent foaming performance and water exudation performance, while the addition amounts of anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants and nonionic surfactants in Comparative Examples 1 to 4 do not follow the above relationship Y+Z≥0.8X, Z≥1.2Y, and their performances are reduced compared with those in Examples 1 to 3, and their 2h stability is also relatively stable; and since the foaming agents in Comparative Examples 5 to 7 do not add any one or more of the raw material components of anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants and nonionic surfactants, their performances are poorer than those in Examples 1 to 3, and the foam diameter becomes larger and the 2h stability performance is unstable.

[0060] In addition, after the performance test of the foaming agent in Comparative Example 8, its foaming multiple was 29.5, the 1h sedimentation distance was 14mm, the 1h water bleeding rate was 39.6%, the 2h stability was stable, and the foam diameter was 160±10μm; it can be seen that for each component of the foaming agent in the present application, the performance of the foaming agent is affected to a certain extent when the preparation method is different.

[0061] Application examples:

[0062] Concrete materials were prepared in Example 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7, wherein 350 parts of silicate cement, 120 parts of fly ash, 95 parts of mineral powder, 4 parts of foaming agents in Example 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 in Application Examples 1 to 8, and 240 parts of water were used; the above components were added and mixed, and then cast and cured to obtain concrete materials. With reference to JG / T 266-2011 "Foamed Concrete" standard, fluidity, 3d, 14d and 28d compressive strength tests, water absorption test and thermal conductivity test were performed after curing. The test results are shown in Table 3.

[0063] Table 3. Application test results

[0064]

[0065] It can be seen from Table 3 that the concrete material to which the foaming agent in Example 3 is added has better concrete strength and effectively reduces the water absorption rate, so that the durability of the concrete is enhanced; compared with the concrete materials to which the foaming agent in Comparative Examples 1 to 7 is added, its comprehensive performance is more excellent.

[0066] It should be noted that, for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that the present application is not limited by the described order of actions, because according to the present application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present application.

[0067] It should be further noted that, although the various steps in the flowchart are displayed in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear description in this article, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in order, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowchart may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, and these sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0068] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For the part not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments. The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0069] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present application after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present application, which follows the general principles of the present application and includes common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in the present application. The specification and examples are intended to be exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present application are indicated by the following claims.

[0070] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise structures that have been described above and shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent, characterized in that: The concrete foaming agent comprises, by weight, 4 to 8 parts of vegetable protein, 3 to 8 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 3 to 15 parts of foam stabilizer, 10 to 40 parts of polymer bonding component, 5 to 10 parts of cellulose solution, and 5 to 12 parts of salt component; the concrete foaming agent also comprises: anionic surfactant, cationic surfactant and nonionic surfactant; the anionic surfactant is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate in a mass ratio of 1:1.2 to 1.5; the nonionic surfactant is selected from sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate in a mass ratio of 1:1.0 to 1.5; the 1 to 1.24 of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether and polyethylene glycol octylphenyl ether; the cationic surfactant is selected from cationic guar gum and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide in a mass ratio of 1:0.6 to 0.9; the amount of the anionic surfactant added to the total weight of the foaming agent is X, the amount of the cationic surfactant added to the total weight of the foaming agent is Y, the amount of the nonionic surfactant added to the total weight of the foaming agent is Z, and the X, Y and Z satisfy the following relationship: Y+Z≥0.8X, Z≥1.2Y; The foam stabilizer is selected from one or more of polyacrylamide, polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, calcium stearate or lauryl alcohol in any proportion; The polymer bonding component is selected from at least one of epoxy resin, starch, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid or gelatin; The epoxy resin is selected from any one of glycidyl ether epoxy resin, glycidyl ester epoxy resin, glycidyl amine epoxy resin or linear aliphatic epoxy resin; The plant protein is selected from one or any combination of soybean meal, cottonseed meal, peanut meal, and rapeseed meal; The salt component is selected from a mixture of carbonate or bicarbonate and thionyl chloride; the mass ratio of the carbonate or bicarbonate to the thionyl chloride is (0.25-0.64): (0.89-1.19); the carbonate is selected from one or more of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and magnesium carbonate in any proportion; the bicarbonate is selected from one or more of sodium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate in any proportion; The preparation method comprises: adding anionic surfactant into water, stirring for 5 to 30 minutes to obtain mixture A; adding nonionic surfactant into water, stirring for 5 to 20 minutes to obtain mixture B; adding cationic surfactant and cellulose solution into water, stirring for 5 to 10 minutes, adding vegetable protein, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, foam stabilizer, polymer bonding component and salt component and stirring for 2 to 30 minutes; adding mixture A and mixture B into the mixed solution, and continuing stirring for 5 to 20 minutes to obtain the foaming agent.

2. The method for preparing a polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring temperature during the stirring process is 50-90°C.

3. The method for preparing a polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The salt component needs to be ground and sieved; the mesh number of the sieve is 100 to 500 meshes.

4. A concrete material, characterized in that: The concrete material includes the polymer lightweight concrete foaming agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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