A method and system for assessing the risk of air pollution to human health

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for assessing the risk of air pollution to human health, and specifically relates to the technical field of air pollution monitoring. Through quantitative analysis of volatile organic compounds and microorganisms, the degree of chemical and biological pollution can be revealed, and the specific impact of these pollution factors on the health of space users can be assessed. It has high sensitivity and accuracy in determining the source of pollution and understanding its impact on health. The air circulation of the space is assessed by monitoring the pulse change rate of carbon dioxide. After entering the air pollution early warning analysis stage, a comprehensive analysis is performed by integrating chemical pollution, biological pollution and air circulation, which can more accurately predict the impact of pollution on health, and issue safety warnings to the public and managers in a timely manner, thereby enhancing the emergency response capability of underground space, ensuring the health and safety of users, and improving the environmental quality of public underground space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air pollution monitoring, and more specifically, to a method and system for assessing the risk of air pollution to human health. Background Art

[0002] People spend more and more time in urban public underground spaces (such as subway stations, underground shopping malls, etc.). Urban public underground spaces are often faced with serious air pollution problems due to their closed nature and high density of people, which will cause hidden dangers to people's health and safety.

[0003] In the existing technology, the monitoring of air quality in urban public underground spaces mainly relies on traditional air sampling and laboratory analysis, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also difficult to achieve real-time monitoring and rapid response. Failure to timely monitor and warn of the health risks of air pollution in urban public underground spaces may result in people being exposed to it for a long time without warning, increasing the risk of respiratory diseases, allergic reactions and other health problems.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, a technical solution is now provided. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method and system for assessing the risk of air pollution to human health to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for assessing the risk of air pollution to human health comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1: Analyze the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the target space and evaluate the potential impact of chemical pollution in the target space on human health;

[0009] S2: Analyze the microbial distribution density of the target space and evaluate the potential impact of biological contamination in the target space on human health;

[0010] S3: Determine whether to enter the air pollution early warning analysis stage based on the potential impact of chemical pollution levels and biological pollution levels on human health in the target space;

[0011] S4: Evaluate the air circulation of the target space by analyzing the CO2 pulse change rate of the target space;

[0012] S5: When entering the air pollution warning analysis stage, a comprehensive analysis will be conducted on the potential impact of the chemical pollution level in the target space on human health, the potential impact of the biological pollution level in the target space on human health, and the air circulation of the target space, and a safety warning will be issued on the health impact of air pollution in the target space on the target population.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, in S1, the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the target space is analyzed, specifically:

[0014] Collect air samples regularly, remove background noise, use software to automatically identify VOC peaks in the GC spectrum, and calculate the area of ​​each peak;

[0015] A standard curve was established using standard samples of known concentrations, and the concentration of VOCs in the air was calculated using the following formula: Where C is the concentration of VOC in the sample, A S is the sample peak area, A C is the standard peak area, C C is the standard sample concentration;

[0016] Analyze the trend of VOC concentration over time and identify the pollution source through pattern recognition technology;

[0017] Calculate the Chemical Health Risk Index: Among them, HRI is the chemical health risk index, C i is the concentration of the i-th VOC, R i is the health risk coefficient corresponding to the concentration of the i-th VOC, and N is the number of VOC types monitored.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, in S2, the microbial distribution density in the target space is analyzed, specifically:

[0019] Select representative areas for sampling;

[0020] Determine sampling frequency based on space usage and changes in passenger flow;

[0021] The collected samples need to be properly pre-processed;

[0022] According to the collected microbial density data, the semi-variance between samples was calculated. Where γ(h) is the semivariogram function, h is the distance interval, and Z(x w ) and Z(x w +h) are the microbial density values ​​of two locations at a distance h, respectively, N(h) is the number of sample pairs at the distance interval h, and the subscript w represents a specific data point index;

[0023] Select the theoretical model to fit the empirical variation diagram and determine the model parameters;

[0024] Based on the microbial density data predicted by Kriging interpolation, the biological pollution health risk index is calculated: BRI is the biological risk index for health. m is the potential hazard coefficient of the mth microorganism on health, D m is the density of the microorganism; m is a serial number used to distinguish different types of microorganisms in the environment, and m iterates from 1 to n, where n is the total number of microbial species detected.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, in S3, whether to enter the air pollution early warning analysis stage is determined by the potential impact of the chemical pollution level in the target space on human health and the potential impact of the biological pollution level on human health, specifically:

[0026] Set chemical health risk thresholds; compare the chemical health risk index to the chemical health risk thresholds:

[0027] When the chemical health risk index is greater than the chemical health risk threshold, a high-risk signal for chemical impact is generated; when the chemical health risk index is less than or equal to the chemical health risk threshold, a low-risk signal for chemical impact is generated;

[0028] Set a biocontamination health risk threshold; compare the biocontamination health risk index with the biocontamination health risk threshold:

[0029] When the biological contamination health risk index is greater than the biological contamination health risk threshold, a biological impact high risk signal is generated; when the biological contamination health risk index is less than or equal to the biological contamination health risk threshold, a biological impact low risk signal is generated;

[0030] When a low risk signal for chemical impact and a low risk signal for biological impact are generated, it is determined to enter the air pollution early warning analysis stage; otherwise, there is no need to enter the air pollution early warning analysis stage.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, in S4, the carbon dioxide pulse change rate of the target space is analyzed, specifically:

[0032] The difference equation is used to describe the response of carbon dioxide concentration to population changes, and the carbon dioxide concentration at time t is calculated. The expression is: C(t)=C(t-1)+k*(ΔP(t)-λ*C(t-1)), where C(t) is the carbon dioxide concentration at time t, C(t-1) is the carbon dioxide concentration at time t-1, ΔP(t) is the population change at time t, k is the proportional coefficient of the impact of population changes on carbon dioxide concentration, and λ is the space ventilation efficiency parameter, which represents the natural attenuation rate of carbon dioxide.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, in S5, when entering the air pollution early warning analysis stage, the chemical health risk index, the biological pollution health risk index and the carbon dioxide concentration at time t are normalized, and the normalized chemical health risk index, the biological pollution health risk index and the carbon dioxide concentration at time t are respectively assigned preset proportional coefficients, and the air pollution health warning coefficient is calculated to obtain the health impact of air pollution in the target space on the target population. Safety warning is carried out through the air pollution health warning coefficient;

[0034] Setting warning thresholds for air pollution impacts on health;

[0035] When the air pollution impact health warning coefficient is greater than the air pollution impact health warning threshold, an air pollution risk warning signal is generated; when the air pollution impact health warning coefficient is less than or equal to the air pollution impact health warning threshold, an air pollution risk normal signal is generated.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, an air pollution risk assessment system for human health includes a chemical pollution assessment module, a biological pollution assessment module, an early warning analysis and judgment module, an air circulation assessment module, and an air pollution early warning module;

[0037] The chemical pollution assessment module analyzes the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the target space and assesses the potential impact of the chemical pollution level in the target space on human health;

[0038] The biological contamination assessment module analyzes the microbial distribution density in the target space and assesses the potential impact of the biological contamination level in the target space on human health;

[0039] The early warning analysis and judgment module determines whether to enter the air pollution early warning analysis stage based on the potential impact of chemical pollution levels and biological pollution levels on human health in the target space;

[0040] The air circulation assessment module assesses the air circulation of the target space by analyzing the CO2 pulse change rate of the target space;

[0041] When entering the air pollution warning analysis phase, the air pollution warning module will conduct a comprehensive analysis of the potential impact of the degree of chemical pollution in the target space on human health, the potential impact of the degree of biological pollution in the target space on human health, and the air circulation of the target space, and issue a safety warning on the health impact of air pollution in the target space on the target population.

[0042] Technical effects and advantages of the method and system for assessing the risk of air pollution to human health provided by the present invention:

[0043] 1. Through the quantitative analysis of volatile organic compounds and microorganisms, this method can not only reveal the extent of chemical and biological pollution, but also assess the specific impact of these pollution factors on the health of space users. This dual analysis makes the assessment method highly sensitive and accurate in determining the source of pollution and understanding its impact on health.

[0044] 2. Assessing the air circulation of a space by monitoring the pulse change rate of carbon dioxide is crucial to determining whether enhanced ventilation or other air quality improvement measures are needed. After entering the air pollution early warning analysis stage, a comprehensive analysis integrating chemical pollution, biological pollution and air circulation can more accurately predict the impact of pollution on health, and issue safety warnings to the public and managers in a timely manner, thereby enhancing the emergency response capabilities of underground spaces, ensuring the health and safety of users, and improving the environmental quality of public underground spaces, thereby promoting the healthy and sustainable use of public places. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a method for assessing the risk of air pollution to human health according to the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a system for assessing the risk of air pollution to human health. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for assessing the risk of air pollution to human health, which comprises the following steps:

[0050] S1: Analyze the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the target space and evaluate the potential impact of chemical pollution in the target space on human health.

[0051] S2: Analyze the microbial distribution density in the target space and evaluate the potential impact of the degree of biological contamination in the target space on human health.

[0052] S3: Determine whether to enter the air pollution warning analysis stage based on the potential impact of chemical pollution levels and biological pollution levels on human health in the target space.

[0053] S4: Evaluate the air circulation of the target space by analyzing the CO2 pulse change rate of the target space.

[0054] S5: When entering the air pollution warning analysis stage, a comprehensive analysis will be conducted on the potential impact of the chemical pollution level in the target space on human health, the potential impact of the biological pollution level in the target space on human health, and the air circulation of the target space, and a safety warning will be issued on the health impact of air pollution in the target space on the target population.

[0055] Among them, urban public underground spaces include subway stations and underground shopping malls, and the target space here is the specific urban public underground space.

[0056] In S1, the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the target space is analyzed, specifically:

[0057] Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) refer to organic compounds that are easily volatilized at room temperature and exist in the form of gas in the atmosphere. They are widely present in urban public underground spaces such as subway stations and parking lots, and their main sources include vehicle exhaust, building materials, detergents, personal care products, etc. There are many types of VOCs, including but not limited to toluene, benzene, formaldehyde, etc. Their presence may have a significant impact on human health, such as causing respiratory irritation, headaches, liver and central nervous system damage, and long-term exposure may also cause cancer.

[0058] The measurement of VOCs usually relies on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) or photoionization detection (PID). GC-MS technology can provide detailed information about the types and concentrations of VOCs and is the gold standard for identifying and quantifying VOCs. This technology is based on the retention time of different VOCs on the gas chromatography column and the fragmentation pattern on the mass spectrometer for identification and quantification.

[0059] PID uses ultraviolet light to illuminate the gas sample. The light energy ionizes the VOC molecules to generate positive ions and electrons. The electrons are collected to form an electric current, the magnitude of which is proportional to the concentration of the VOC. PID has high sensitivity to many VOCs and is suitable for real-time monitoring.

[0060] Data collection involves installing a fixed or mobile monitoring station in the target space and collecting air samples regularly using equipment such as GC-MS or PID. Sample collection should follow the following steps:

[0061] Collecting air samples at regular intervals (e.g., every hour or every ten minutes) ensures that enough data is obtained to assess long-term and short-term changes in chemical pollution.

[0062] Remove background noise, such as chemical releases from the device itself.

[0063] The software was used to automatically identify the VOC peaks in the GC spectrum and calculate the area of ​​each peak.

[0064] A standard curve was established using standard samples of known concentrations, and the concentration of VOCs in the air was calculated using the following formula: Where C is the concentration of VOC in the sample, A S is the sample peak area, A C is the standard peak area, C C is the standard sample concentration.

[0065] All monitoring data are collected and stored through an integrated data management system. Data analysis mainly includes:

[0066] Analyze the trend of VOC concentration over time and identify possible pollution events or trends.

[0067] Through pattern recognition techniques (such as principal component analysis PCA), possible pollution sources, such as exhaust emissions during peak traffic hours, can be identified.

[0068] The long-term and short-term health risks are assessed by comparing the concentration of VOCs with known health impact thresholds. The chemical health risk index is calculated using the following formula: Among them, HRI is the chemical health risk index, C i is the concentration of the i-th VOC, R i is the health risk coefficient corresponding to the concentration of the i-th VOC, and N is the number of VOC types monitored.

[0069] Assess the potential impact of chemical pollution in the target space on human health: the larger the chemical health risk index, the greater the potential impact of chemical pollution in the target space on human health.

[0070] Among them, the health risk factor is a quantitative indicator used to evaluate the potential harm of a single chemical substance to human health at a specific concentration. It usually reflects the severity of the health effects that may be caused by long-term or short-term exposure to a chemical substance. For example, for carcinogens, the health risk factor may be based on carcinogenic potential (for example, the increase in cancer risk caused by a unit mass of the chemical substance).

[0071] Typically, the health risk factor is determined by evaluating factors such as the exposure route of the substance (inhalation, oral administration, skin contact, etc.), dose-response relationship, exposure time, characteristics of sensitive populations, etc.

[0072] Known health effect thresholds refer to the maximum concentration or dose of a chemical that does not cause adverse health effects, as determined by scientific research and regulatory agencies. These thresholds are based on clinical studies or animal experiments and are intended to provide a safety margin to protect public health from the effects of specific chemicals.

[0073] Main types:

[0074] No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL): The highest dose at which no adverse effects are observed in animal or human studies.

[0075] Lowest Observed Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL): The lowest dose at which adverse effects are observed in animal or human studies.

[0076] Reference Dose (RfD): The daily exposure amount calculated based on the NOAEL or LOAEL by applying uncertainty factors, which is not expected to pose a significant risk to human health upon daily exposure over a lifetime.

[0077] Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC): The maximum concentration of a specific chemical substance permitted in an occupational or residential environment.

[0078] In S2, the microbial distribution density in the target space is analyzed, specifically:

[0079] Before conducting a microbial density analysis, systematic microbial sampling must first be performed in the target space. This involves collecting air and surface samples at multiple specific locations and time points using tools such as aerosol samplers and surface swabs. Sampling follows these steps:

[0080] Select representative areas for sampling, including crowded areas, air conditioning inlets and outlets, and areas with high humidity.

[0081] Determine the sampling frequency based on space usage and changes in human flow to ensure sufficient data volume to reflect the dynamic changes in microbial distribution.

[0082] The collected samples need to be properly pre-processed, including:

[0083] Sample preservation: Ensure that the collected samples are properly preserved before analysis to avoid changes in microbial activity.

[0084] Sample culture: Air and surface samples are cultured in a specific nutrient medium to increase the detection rate of microorganisms.

[0085] The types and numbers of microorganisms are identified and quantified by microscopy, colony counting, PCR technology, etc. These data will serve as input for the evaluation model.

[0086] Spatial statistical analysis is an advanced algorithm suitable for processing microbial distribution data, especially Kriging interpolation in geostatistical methods. Kriging interpolation is an optimal prediction method based on regionalized variable theory, which is suitable for evaluating spatial variability and performing spatial interpolation.

[0087] The specific steps of Kriging interpolation are:

[0088] Based on the collected microbial density data, the semivariance between samples was calculated and an empirical variation map was constructed, which reflects the functional relationship between the square of the difference in microbial density between any two points in space and the distance between them.

[0089] Among them, γ(h) is the semivariance function, which indicates the spatial autocorrelation between sample points. The smaller the semivariance value, the higher the similarity between sample points and the stronger the spatial continuity; h is the distance interval, which indicates the distance between sample points in space; Z(x w ) and Z(x w +h) are the microbial density values ​​of two locations at a distance h, which are the specific microbial concentration data actually measured or estimated; N(h) is the number of sample pairs at the distance interval h, indicating that the distance between sample points is considered in space. The subscript w represents a specific data point index, which is used to traverse all sample points or data pairs.

[0090] Select a theoretical model (such as a spherical model, exponential model or Gaussian model) to fit the empirical variation map and determine the model parameters.

[0091] The best fitting model was used to predict the microbial density at the unsampled points. This step calculated the predicted value and its prediction error for each location to provide data support for subsequent health risk assessment.

[0092] Based on the microbial density data predicted by Kriging interpolation, the biological pollution health risk index is calculated: BRI is the biological risk index for health. m is the potential hazard coefficient of the mth microorganism on health, D m is the density of the microorganism; m here is a sequence number used to distinguish different types of microorganisms in the environment. For example, if multiple microorganisms are detected in an environmental sample, P1 may represent the health risk coefficient of the first microorganism, while D1 represents the density of this microorganism. m iterates from 1 to n, where n is the total number of microbial species detected.

[0093] Assess the potential impact of biological contamination in the target space on human health:

[0094] A higher biocontamination health risk index indicates that the density of microorganisms in the target space is high, and the microorganisms present are potentially harmful to human health. A higher biocontamination health risk index indicates that the environment may pose a higher health risk to people living or working there, and measures need to be taken to reduce these risks.

[0095] By quantitatively analyzing the distribution and density of microorganisms in the target space, it is possible to identify sources of biological contamination that may pose a threat to human health. For example, the presence of certain types of bacteria, molds, and viruses in public underground spaces may cause respiratory diseases, skin infections, or more serious health problems. By scientifically evaluating the distribution and potential hazards of these microorganisms, effective preventive measures and response strategies can be developed to improve public health safety.

[0096] Systematic biocontamination analysis provides decision makers with a scientific basis for more precise management and control of biological hazards. Advanced algorithms such as Kriging interpolation can accurately model the data and predict the microbial levels in unmonitored areas, thereby achieving a comprehensive risk assessment of the entire space. This analysis can help develop more targeted cleaning and disinfection plans to reduce health risks.

[0097] In S3, the potential impact of chemical pollution levels and biological pollution levels on human health in the target space are used to determine whether to enter the air pollution early warning analysis stage. Specifically:

[0098] Set chemical health risk thresholds, which are usually set based on national or internationally recognized occupational safety and health standards (such as OSHA, WHO, etc.). These standards consider long-term and short-term exposure limits (PEL or TLV), which are determined based on scientific research on the effects on human health. Thresholds may be set based on several factors:

[0099] Toxicity levels for specific chemicals: Some chemicals have greater health effects than others, so the thresholds for these substances are set more strictly.

[0100] Sensitivity of the population: Children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems may be more sensitive to chemicals, and thresholds need to reflect this increased sensitivity.

[0101] Cumulative exposure effects: Thresholds take into account that long-term exposure to low concentrations of a chemical may also cause health problems.

[0102] Compare the Chemical Health Risk Index to the Chemical Health Risk Thresholds:

[0103] When the chemical health risk index is greater than the chemical health risk threshold, a high risk signal for chemical impact is generated, which means that the current chemical pollution level in the environment has reached or exceeded the level that may cause serious impact on human health. This signal prompts the management department to take immediate action, such as increasing ventilation, restricting personnel entry, conducting specific cleaning and decontamination operations, or evacuating personnel in extreme cases to reduce health risks.

[0104] When the chemical health risk index is less than or equal to the chemical health risk threshold, a low risk signal for chemical impact is generated, which means that the concentration of the chemical is within a safe range and the current environmental conditions are unlikely to pose a direct threat to human health. This signal indicates that current preventive measures are sufficient to maintain normal operation and use, but monitoring should continue to ensure that pollution levels do not rise.

[0105] The following factors should be considered when setting the biocontamination health risk threshold:

[0106] Pathogenicity of the pathogen: For microorganisms known to cause serious illness, the threshold is set relatively low.

[0107] Indoor Environmental Standards and Guidelines: Based on built environment standards and public health guidelines.

[0108] Infectivity and infection rate: Consider the transmission rate and infection rate of microorganisms, and set stricter control standards for high-risk microorganisms.

[0109] Compare the Biocontamination Health Risk Index to the Biocontamination Health Risk Threshold:

[0110] When the biological contamination health risk index is greater than the biological contamination health risk threshold, a high risk signal for biological impact is generated, indicating that the biological contamination level in the target space is high, and there are potential pathogens or other harmful biological activities, which may cause disease transmission or health problems. Immediate action is required, such as deep cleaning and disinfection, adjusting the air handling system to reduce the source of contamination, or limiting the use of certain areas to reduce the risk of infection.

[0111] When the biological contamination health risk index is less than or equal to the biological contamination health risk threshold, a low risk signal for biological impact is generated, indicating that the current level of biological contamination is low and is unlikely to pose a threat to public health. Although the current biological risk level is low, routine hygiene and prevention measures should continue to be implemented to ensure that the environment remains at a low risk, and monitoring should continue to prevent the development of potential risks.

[0112] Determine whether to enter the air pollution early warning analysis stage:

[0113] When a low risk signal for chemical impact and a low risk signal for biological impact are generated, it is determined to enter the air pollution early warning analysis stage; otherwise, there is no need to enter the air pollution early warning analysis stage.

[0114] In S4, the carbon dioxide pulse change rate of the target space is analyzed, specifically:

[0115] Analyzing the CO2 pulse change rate to evaluate the air circulation of the target space is an important environmental monitoring activity, especially suitable for closed or semi-closed urban public underground spaces, such as subway stations, underground floors of shopping malls, etc. As a direct product of human breathing, the concentration change of CO2 can effectively reflect the air renewal rate and human density in the space.

[0116] In a space without proper ventilation, the CO2 concentration will gradually increase as the length of time people stay there increases. Therefore, the rate of change of CO2 concentration not only reflects the intensity of space usage, but is also a direct indicator of ventilation efficiency.

[0117] Install high-precision carbon dioxide monitoring sensors in the target space. These sensors can continuously measure and record carbon dioxide concentrations in real time. To ensure the representativeness and accuracy of the data, follow these steps:

[0118] Sensors are placed at multiple key locations in the target space, including entrances, exits, crowded areas, and relatively closed areas.

[0119] Set the sensor to sample at least once a minute to capture rapid changes in CO2 concentrations.

[0120] The collected CO2 data is preprocessed:

[0121] Data cleaning: Remove abnormal data points due to sensor failure or external interference.

[0122] Smoothing: Use moving averages or exponential smoothing to reduce short-term fluctuations and highlight long-term trends.

[0123] To extract air circulation information from CO2 concentration data, an impulse response model can be used to simulate and analyze the data. This model infers the dynamic characteristics of a system based on its response to transient disturbances.

[0124] Assume that the change of carbon dioxide concentration can be expressed as a response to the change of population. When the population size changes suddenly (such as a large number of people entering or leaving), the carbon dioxide concentration will rise or fall rapidly accordingly.

[0125] The difference equation is used to describe the response of carbon dioxide concentration to population changes, and the carbon dioxide concentration at time t is calculated. The expression is: C(t)=C(t-1)+k*(ΔP(t)-λ*C(t-1)), where C(t) is the carbon dioxide concentration at time t, C(t-1) is the carbon dioxide concentration at time t-1, ΔP(t) is the population change at time t, k is the proportional coefficient of the impact of population changes on carbon dioxide concentration, and λ is the space ventilation efficiency parameter, which represents the natural attenuation rate of carbon dioxide.

[0126] If the CO2 concentration at time t is high, this usually indicates that the air circulation in the target space is poor. This is because a high CO2 concentration indicates that the air in the space has not been replaced by fresh air from the outside in time, resulting in the accumulation of CO2 exhaled by people.

[0127] S5: When entering the air pollution early warning analysis stage, a comprehensive analysis is conducted on the potential impact of the chemical pollution level in the target space on human health, the potential impact of the biological pollution level in the target space on human health, and the air circulation of the target space. Specifically:

[0128] The chemical health risk index, biological pollution health risk index and carbon dioxide concentration at time t are normalized, and the normalized chemical health risk index, biological pollution health risk index and carbon dioxide concentration at time t are respectively assigned preset proportional coefficients to calculate the air pollution health warning coefficient, and the air pollution health warning coefficient is used to provide a safety warning of the health impact of air pollution in the target space on the target population.

[0129] In order to realize the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention provides a specific method for calculating the health warning coefficient of air pollution impact.

[0130] The expression of the health warning coefficient of air pollution impact is: KJ=ln(δ1*HRI+δ2*BRI+δ3*C(t)+1), where KJ is the health warning coefficient of air pollution impact, δ1, δ2, and δ3 are the preset proportional coefficients of the chemical health risk index, biological pollution health risk index, and carbon dioxide concentration at time t, respectively, and δ1, δ2, and δ3 are all greater than 0.

[0131] The air pollution impact health warning threshold is set. The air pollution impact health warning threshold is set by professional and technical personnel in this field based on the size of the air pollution impact health warning coefficient calculated above and other actual conditions such as the actual safety requirements for the target space, and will not be repeated here.

[0132] By comparing the air pollution health warning coefficient with the air pollution health warning threshold, a safety warning is given for the health impact of air pollution in the target space on the target population. Specifically:

[0133] When the air pollution health warning coefficient is greater than the air pollution health warning threshold, an air pollution risk warning signal is generated, indicating that the air quality in the target space has deteriorated to a level that may have an adverse effect on human health. This may be because the concentration of a specific pollutant has increased to a level that exceeds the safety standard for the human body, and immediate action is needed to reduce health risks.

[0134] The following countermeasures can be taken:

[0135] Improve ventilation: Increase the circulation of indoor and outdoor air, use exhaust fans or turn on more ventilation equipment to reduce the concentration of indoor pollutants.

[0136] Limit indoor activities: Temporarily limit or reduce the use of confined spaces, especially avoid high-intensity physical activities, which may increase breathing rate and thus inhale more pollutants.

[0137] Take personal protective measures: People are advised to use air purifiers or wear masks when necessary.

[0138] Notify and educate: Promptly notify on-site personnel about changes in air quality and provide advice on how to reduce exposure risks.

[0139] When the air pollution health warning coefficient is less than or equal to the air pollution health warning threshold, an air pollution risk normal signal is generated, which indicates that the air quality in the target space is at a relatively safe level and the current air pollution concentration is unlikely to have a negative impact on human health.

[0140] Example 2

[0141] The difference between Example 2 of the present invention and Example 1 is that this example introduces a system for assessing the risk of air pollution to human health.

[0142] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of an air pollution risk assessment system for human health is given in the present invention. The air pollution risk assessment system for human health includes a chemical pollution assessment module, a biological pollution assessment module, an early warning analysis and judgment module, an air circulation assessment module and an air pollution early warning module.

[0143] The chemical pollution assessment module analyzes the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the target space and evaluates the potential impact of the degree of chemical pollution in the target space on human health.

[0144] The biological contamination assessment module analyzes the microbial distribution density in the target space and evaluates the potential impact of the biological contamination level in the target space on human health.

[0145] The early warning analysis and judgment module determines whether to enter the air pollution early warning analysis stage based on the potential impact of the degree of chemical pollution in the target space on human health and the potential impact of the degree of biological pollution on human health.

[0146] The air circulation assessment module assesses the air circulation of the target space by analyzing the carbon dioxide pulse change rate of the target space.

[0147] When entering the air pollution warning analysis phase, the air pollution warning module will conduct a comprehensive analysis of the potential impact of the degree of chemical pollution in the target space on human health, the potential impact of the degree of biological pollution in the target space on human health, and the air circulation of the target space, and issue a safety warning on the health impact of air pollution in the target space on the target population.

[0148] The above formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations. The formula is a formula for the most recent real situation obtained by collecting a large amount of data and performing software simulation. The preset parameters and thresholds in the formula are set by technicians in this field according to actual conditions.

[0149] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more available media sets. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state hard disk.

[0150] Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the modules and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0151] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and modules described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0152] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0153] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, and may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network modules. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0154] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.

[0155] If the functions are implemented in the form of software function modules and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be essentially or partly embodied in the form of a software product that contributes to the prior art. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0156] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

[0157] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assessing the risk of air pollution to human health, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Analyze the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the target space and evaluate the potential impact of chemical pollution in the target space on human health; S2: Analyze the microbial distribution density of the target space and evaluate the potential impact of biological contamination in the target space on human health; S3: Determine whether to enter the air pollution early warning analysis stage based on the potential impact of chemical pollution levels and biological pollution levels on human health in the target space; S4: Evaluate the air circulation of the target space by analyzing the CO2 pulse change rate of the target space; S5: When entering the air pollution early warning analysis stage, a comprehensive analysis is conducted on the potential impact of the chemical pollution level in the target space on human health, the potential impact of the biological pollution level in the target space on human health, and the air circulation of the target space, and a safety early warning is issued on the impact of air pollution in the target space on the health of the target population; In S1, the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the target space is analyzed, specifically: Collect air samples regularly, remove background noise, use software to automatically identify VOC peaks in the GC spectrum, and calculate the area of ​​each peak; A standard curve was established using standard samples of known concentrations, and the concentration of VOCs in the air was calculated using the following formula: Where C is the concentration of VOC in the sample, A S is the sample peak area, A C is the standard peak area, C C is the standard sample concentration; Analyze the trend of VOC concentration over time and identify the pollution source through pattern recognition technology; Calculate the Chemical Health Risk Index: Among them, HRI is the chemical health risk index, C i is the concentration of the i-th VOC, R i is the health risk coefficient corresponding to the concentration of the i-th VOC, and N is the number of VOC types monitored; In S2, the microbial distribution density in the target space is analyzed, specifically: Select representative areas for sampling; Determine sampling frequency based on space usage and changes in passenger flow; The collected samples need to be properly pre-processed; According to the collected microbial density data, the semi-variance between samples was calculated. Where γ(h) is the semivariogram function, h is the distance interval, and Z(x w ) and Z(x w +h) are the microbial density values ​​of two locations at a distance h, respectively, N(h) is the number of sample pairs at the distance interval h, and the subscript w represents a specific data point index; Select the theoretical model to fit the empirical variation diagram and determine the model parameters; Based on the microbial density data predicted by Kriging interpolation, the biological pollution health risk index is calculated: BRI is the biological risk index for health. m is the potential hazard coefficient of the mth microorganism on health, D m is the density of the microorganism; m is a serial number used to distinguish different types of microorganisms in the environment, and m iterates from 1 to n, where n is the total number of microbial species detected; In S3, the potential impact of chemical pollution levels and biological pollution levels on human health in the target space are used to determine whether to enter the air pollution early warning analysis stage. Specifically: Set chemical health risk thresholds; compare the chemical health risk index to the chemical health risk thresholds: When the chemical health risk index is greater than the chemical health risk threshold, a high-risk signal for chemical impact is generated; when the chemical health risk index is less than or equal to the chemical health risk threshold, a low-risk signal for chemical impact is generated; Set a biocontamination health risk threshold; compare the biocontamination health risk index with the biocontamination health risk threshold: When the biological contamination health risk index is greater than the biological contamination health risk threshold, a biological impact high risk signal is generated; when the biological contamination health risk index is less than or equal to the biological contamination health risk threshold, a biological impact low risk signal is generated; When a low-risk signal for chemical impact and a low-risk signal for biological impact are generated, it is determined that the air pollution early warning analysis stage has been entered; otherwise, there is no need to enter the air pollution early warning analysis stage; In S4, the carbon dioxide pulse change rate of the target space is analyzed, specifically: The difference equation is used to describe the response of carbon dioxide concentration to the change of population. The carbon dioxide concentration at time t is calculated. The expression is: C(t)=C(t-1)+k*(ΔP(t)-λ*C(t-1)), where C(t) is the carbon dioxide concentration at time t, C(t-1) is the carbon dioxide concentration at time t-1, ΔP(t) is the change of population at time t, k is the proportional coefficient of the effect of population change on carbon dioxide concentration, and λ is the space ventilation efficiency parameter, which represents the natural attenuation rate of carbon dioxide. In S5, when entering the air pollution early warning analysis stage, the chemical health risk index, the biological pollution health risk index and the carbon dioxide concentration at time t are normalized, and the normalized chemical health risk index, the biological pollution health risk index and the carbon dioxide concentration at time t are respectively assigned preset proportional coefficients, and the air pollution health warning coefficient is calculated to obtain the health impact of air pollution in the target space on the target population. Safety warning is given through the air pollution health warning coefficient; Setting warning thresholds for air pollution impacts on health; When the air pollution impact health warning coefficient is greater than the air pollution impact health warning threshold, an air pollution risk warning signal is generated; when the air pollution impact health warning coefficient is less than or equal to the air pollution impact health warning threshold, an air pollution risk normal signal is generated.

2. A system for assessing the risk of air pollution to human health, used to implement the method for assessing the risk of air pollution to human health as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It includes chemical pollution assessment module, biological pollution assessment module, early warning analysis and judgment module, air circulation assessment module and air pollution early warning module; The chemical pollution assessment module analyzes the concentration of volatile organic compounds in the target space and assesses the potential impact of the chemical pollution level in the target space on human health; The biological contamination assessment module analyzes the microbial distribution density in the target space and assesses the potential impact of the biological contamination level in the target space on human health; The early warning analysis and judgment module determines whether to enter the air pollution early warning analysis stage based on the potential impact of chemical pollution levels and biological pollution levels on human health in the target space; The air circulation assessment module assesses the air circulation of the target space by analyzing the CO2 pulse change rate of the target space; When entering the air pollution warning analysis stage, the air pollution warning module will conduct a comprehensive analysis of the potential impact of the chemical pollution level in the target space on human health, the potential impact of the biological pollution level in the target space on human health, and the air circulation of the target space, and issue a safety warning on the health impact of air pollution in the target space on the target population.

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