Adsorption tower cooling method, electronic equipment, storage medium and adsorption tower

Abstract

The present invention discloses an adsorption tower cooling method, an electronic device, a storage medium and an adsorption tower. The method comprises: after the adsorption tower performs a desorption process, while spraying water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower, the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower is kept less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold; when the temperature of the adsorbent reaches a preset temperature threshold, the spraying of water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower is stopped. After the adsorption tower performs a desorption process, the present invention sprays water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower, while the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower is kept less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold. Since the adsorption tower is in a high temperature and low pressure state after the desorption process, the boiling point of water is very low under high temperature and low pressure, so the latent heat of vaporization of water is very high, and a large amount of heat is absorbed from the surrounding adsorbent during vaporization, thereby achieving rapid cooling of the adsorbent and improving the cooling efficiency of temperature swing adsorption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to gas adsorption, and in particular to an adsorption tower cooling method, electronic equipment, storage medium and adsorption tower. Background Art

[0002] There is about 12% CO2 in the flue gas emitted by coal-fired power plants. As carbon emission reduction progresses, this part of CO2 gas needs to be captured in order to achieve emission reduction targets.

[0003] The research and development of CO2 capture technology requires simulating the capture process of flue gas, studying the impact of different process routes and process conditions on capture efficiency and energy consumption, and seeking to find the best capture process and process conditions.

[0004] Adsorption can be used to capture CO2 in flue gas. Generally, adsorbents have low adsorption capacity at low pressures and high adsorption capacity at high pressures. This rule can be used to capture CO2 through a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) device, that is, through a cycle of high-pressure adsorption-low-pressure desorption, the adsorbent is used to continuously separate CO2 from the flue gas and concentrate it to a certain concentration. The concentrated CO2 is then sent to subsequent devices, such as utilization or burial, namely carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) or carbon capture and storage (CCS).

[0005] Vacuum pressure swing adsorption is essentially pressure swing adsorption, but the desorption pressure of vacuum pressure swing adsorption is a little special. It is in the negative pressure zone and desorption is carried out under a certain vacuum degree. Its adsorption pressure is generally at a pressure point in the positive pressure zone (or a pressure point in the negative pressure zone that is higher than the desorption pressure). It is often expressed as Vacuum Swing Adsorption (VSA) or Vacuum Pressure Swing Adsorption (VPSA).

[0006] In addition, the temperature swing adsorption (TSA) process can also be used for capture. Since the adsorbent generally has a high adsorption capacity at low temperatures and a low adsorption capacity at high temperatures, the TSA process continuously concentrates CO2 step by step through a cycle of cooling adsorption-heating desorption, and finally concentrates it to a specified concentration before removing it from CCUS or CCS.

[0007] Temperature swing adsorption can also be combined with pressure swing adsorption, and the two are combined for capture. That is, adsorption is carried out at low temperature and high pressure, and then desorption is carried out at high temperature and low pressure. The temperature swing pressure coupling process is a process that combines pressure swing adsorption and temperature swing adsorption. During adsorption, the adsorption tower is controlled to be in a low temperature and high pressure state, in which the adsorption amount of the adsorbent is the largest; when the adsorption is saturated, the pressure and temperature of the adsorption tower are controlled to make the pressure reach a low pressure state and the temperature reach a high temperature state, so that the adsorption amount of the adsorbent is the smallest, and a large amount of adsorbed CO2 is desorbed and collected in a special storage tank. Then, by continuously switching and concentrating multiple towers, the CO2 concentration can be gradually increased from more than 10% in the flue gas to about 95%.

[0008] Regardless of whether it is PSA, TSA, TVSA or TVPSA (TVPSA is often referred to as TVSA), the two steps of adsorption and desorption can be cycled through multi-tower switching to form a continuous process.

[0009] In traditional temperature swing adsorption, it is difficult to increase or decrease the temperature, that is, heating and cooling are difficult. Whether it is heating or cooling, there are basically only two heat exchange methods. One is to use indirect heat exchange to heat or cool the adsorbent through a sandwich jacket or a central heat exchange tube. This method has slow heat exchange, requires high heat or cold, and has low heat exchange efficiency. In addition, direct heat exchange can also be used. A hot or cold gas can be introduced to directly exchange heat with the adsorbent. Since the heat capacity of the gas is much smaller than that of the solid adsorbent, this heat exchange method is also slow, takes a long time, and is not efficient. This inconvenience of temperature increase and decrease limits the research and application of temperature swing adsorption, making it not as widely used as pressure swing adsorption.

[0010] Regardless of whether it is PSA, TSA, TVSA or TVPSA (TVPSA is often referred to as TVSA), the two steps of adsorption and desorption can be cycled through multi-tower switching to form a continuous process.

[0011] In traditional temperature swing adsorption, it is difficult to increase or decrease the temperature, that is, heating and cooling are difficult. Whether it is heating or cooling, there are basically only two heat exchange methods. One is to use indirect heat exchange to heat or cool the adsorbent through a sandwich jacket or a central heat exchange tube. This method has slow heat exchange, requires high heat or cold, and has low heat exchange efficiency. In addition, direct heat exchange can also be used. A hot or cold gas can be introduced to directly exchange heat with the adsorbent. Since the heat capacity of the gas is much smaller than that of the solid adsorbent, this heat exchange method is also slow, takes a long time, and is not efficient. This inconvenience of temperature increase and decrease limits the research and application of temperature swing adsorption, making it not as widely used as pressure swing adsorption.

[0012] In order to solve the problem of inefficient heating and cooling of temperature swing adsorption, the existing technology provides electroswing adsorption technology. Electroswing adsorption is to directly apply electrical energy to both ends of the adsorbent, and directly heat the adsorbent body as a heating resistor. Its essence is a special temperature swing adsorption. Although electroswing adsorption is limited by many factors such as the conductivity of the adsorbent, and there are few studies and applications, electroswing adsorption theoretically completely solves the problem of low heating efficiency. However, since the problem of low cooling efficiency has not been solved, the application of temperature swing adsorption is still severely limited. Summary of the invention

[0013] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an adsorption tower cooling method, electronic equipment, storage medium and adsorption tower to address the technical problem of low temperature swing adsorption cooling efficiency in the prior art.

[0014] The present invention provides an adsorption tower cooling method, comprising:

[0015] After the adsorption tower performs a desorption process, while spraying water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower, the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower is maintained to be less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold;

[0016] When the temperature of the adsorbent reaches a preset temperature threshold, the spraying of water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower is stopped.

[0017] Furthermore, while spraying water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower, maintaining the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold, comprises:

[0018] A spray device is used to spray water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower, and an exhaust device is used to exhaust air from the adsorption tower;

[0019] Detect the steam temperature at the connection position between the adsorption tower and the vacuum device and the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower, and control the spray amount of the spray device and / or the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower according to the steam temperature and / or the vacuum degree to keep the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold.

[0020] Furthermore, the detecting the steam temperature at the connection position between the adsorption tower and the exhaust device and the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower, and controlling the spray amount of the spray device and / or the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower according to the steam temperature and / or the vacuum degree to keep the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold, includes:

[0021] Control the spray device to spray water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower at a maximum spray volume, and control the vacuum device to keep the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold, where the first vacuum degree threshold is the sum of the desorption vacuum degree and the first error;

[0022] Detecting the steam temperature at the connection position between the adsorption tower and the exhaust device, and when the steam temperature drops to a first temperature threshold, reducing the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower while maintaining the maximum spray volume unchanged, the first temperature threshold being the sum of the saturated steam temperature under the desorption vacuum degree and the second error;

[0023] The vacuum degree of the adsorption tower is detected. When the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower is reduced to a second vacuum degree threshold, the spray amount of the spray device is reduced while the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower is kept unchanged. The second vacuum degree threshold is the sum of the target vacuum degree and the third error.

[0024] Further, after stopping spraying water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower, the method further includes:

[0025] After reducing the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower, a purge process is performed.

[0026] Furthermore, after reducing the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower, a purging process is performed, comprising:

[0027] The vacuum degree of the adsorption tower is reduced until all the water mist in the adsorption tower is vaporized, and then a purging process is performed.

[0028] Furthermore, after reducing the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower, a purging process is performed, comprising:

[0029] After reducing the pressure of the adsorption tower to less than or equal to a third vacuum degree threshold, a purge process is performed, wherein the third vacuum degree threshold is the target vacuum degree minus the target vacuum degree correction value.

[0030] Furthermore, after the purging process, the method further comprises:

[0031] After the purge process is completed, gradually increasing the pressure in the adsorption tower;

[0032] The pressure in the adsorption tower is monitored, and when the pressure in the adsorption tower reaches a preset adsorption pressure, the pressure in the adsorption tower is stopped from being increased.

[0033] The present invention provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0034] at least one processor; and,

[0035] a memory communicatively connected to at least one of the processors; wherein,

[0036] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by at least one of the processors, and the instructions are executed by at least one of the processors so that at least one of the processors can execute the adsorption tower cooling method as described above.

[0037] The present invention provides a storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores computer instructions. When a computer executes the computer instructions, the storage medium is used to execute all steps of the above-mentioned adsorption tower cooling method.

[0038] The present invention provides an adsorption tower, comprising: an outer tower, an inner tower for accommodating an adsorbent, and a spray device for spraying water mist onto the adsorbent in the inner tower, wherein the spray device is controlled by the adsorption tower cooling method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

[0039] After the desorption process is carried out in the adsorption tower, the present invention sprays water mist onto the adsorbent in the adsorption tower while maintaining the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold value. Since the adsorption tower is in a high temperature and low pressure state after the desorption process, the boiling point of water is very low under high temperature and low pressure, and thus the latent heat of vaporization of water is very high. A large amount of heat is absorbed from the surrounding adsorbent during vaporization, thereby achieving rapid cooling of the adsorbent and improving the cooling efficiency of the temperature swing adsorption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a working flow chart of a method for cooling an adsorption tower according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a working flow chart of a method for cooling an adsorption tower according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 A working flow chart of a method for cooling an adsorption tower according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is the adsorption process flow of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is the adsorption process flow of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 This is the adsorption process flow of Example 3 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of an adsorption tower according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The same components are represented by the same reference numerals. It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the accompanying drawings, and the words "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0049] like Figure 1 The figure shows a working flow chart of a method for cooling an adsorption tower according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising:

[0050] Step S101, after the adsorption tower performs a desorption process, while spraying water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower, the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower is maintained to be less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold;

[0051] Step S102, when the temperature of the adsorbent reaches a preset temperature threshold, the spraying of water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower is stopped.

[0052] Specifically, the present invention can be applied to electronic devices with processing capabilities, such as a controller that controls a spraying device of an adsorption tower to spray.

[0053] First, step S101 is performed. After the adsorption tower performs a desorption process, while spraying water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower, the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower is maintained to be less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold.

[0054] The boiling point of water is different at different temperatures and pressures. In the variable temperature and variable pressure coupled process, the boiling point of water is very low at high temperature and low pressure during desorption. This embodiment uses the low boiling point of water at high temperature and low pressure and the large latent heat of vaporization of water to rapidly flash and cool the adsorbent.

[0055] During desorption, the adsorption tower is in a low-pressure and high-temperature state. After desorption, the adsorption tower must be cooled and pressurized as quickly as possible to reach a high-pressure and low-temperature state for adsorption again. In order to adsorb again, it is necessary to quickly cool the adsorbent in the adsorption tower as soon as possible.

[0056] A water mist spray device is installed at the appropriate position of the adsorbent layer filled in the adsorption tower, which can spray a large amount of water mist onto the adsorbent in the tower through the nozzle. Driven by a small amount of gas blown in from the upper pipeline, the water mist can slowly diffuse into the adsorbent, and finally diffuse into every pore in the adsorbent, and can fully contact all adsorbents.

[0057] Since water is at room temperature, the water temperature is relatively low while the adsorbent temperature is relatively high, part of the water mist will be heated by the adsorbent to evaporate and vaporize. At this time, due to the high latent heat of vaporization of water, a large amount of heat will be absorbed from the surrounding adsorbent during vaporization, and the adsorbent will cool down very quickly. By continuously spraying and replenishing the evaporated water mist, the adsorbent will continue to cool down rapidly. At this time, the vaporized water vapor is continuously extracted from the adsorption tower through equipment such as fans, air suckers or vacuum pumps, and the pressure of the tower is controlled to maintain the required low pressure state, that is, the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower is kept less than or equal to the first vacuum degree threshold.

[0058] If the adsorbent temperature drops to the set adsorption temperature, execute step S102 and stop spraying. If the adsorbent temperature drops to the set low temperature, continue spraying and continue to pump air to maintain low pressure. Until the temperature drops to the set temperature. The adsorbent that contacts the water mist first will cool down first. When its temperature drops to a low enough level, it will have no heat transfer function to the water mist and lose the energy to vaporize the water mist. The water mist will then pass over the adsorbent with a low temperature and diffuse toward the adsorbent with a high temperature. Finally, the temperature of all adsorbents in the tower will be continuously lowered to near the boiling point of water at that pressure. The cooling of the tower is completed.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first vacuum degree threshold is the sum of the desorption vacuum degree and the first error.

[0060] After the desorption process is carried out in the adsorption tower, the present invention sprays water mist onto the adsorbent in the adsorption tower while maintaining the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold value. Since the adsorption tower is in a high temperature and low pressure state after the desorption process, the boiling point of water is very low under high temperature and low pressure, and thus the latent heat of vaporization of water is very high. A large amount of heat is absorbed from the surrounding adsorbent during vaporization, thereby achieving rapid cooling of the adsorbent and improving the cooling efficiency of the temperature swing adsorption.

[0061] like Figure 2 The flowchart of a method for cooling an adsorption tower in another embodiment of the present invention is shown, comprising:

[0062] Step S201, using a spray device to spray water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower, and using an exhaust device to exhaust air from the adsorption tower.

[0063] Step S202, detect the steam temperature at the connection position between the adsorption tower and the exhaust device and the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower, and control the spray amount of the spray device and / or the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower according to the steam temperature and / or the vacuum degree to keep the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold.

[0064] In one embodiment, the detecting the steam temperature at the connection position between the adsorption tower and the exhaust device and the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower, and controlling the spray amount of the spray device and / or the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower according to the steam temperature and / or the vacuum degree to keep the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold, comprises:

[0065] Control the spray device to spray water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower at a maximum spray volume, and control the vacuum device to keep the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold, where the first vacuum degree threshold is the sum of the desorption vacuum degree and the first error;

[0066] Detecting the steam temperature at the connection position between the adsorption tower and the exhaust device, and when the steam temperature drops to a first temperature threshold, reducing the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower while maintaining the maximum spray volume unchanged, the first temperature threshold being the sum of the saturated steam temperature under the desorption vacuum degree and the second error;

[0067] The vacuum degree of the adsorption tower is detected. When the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower is reduced to a second vacuum degree threshold, the spray amount of the spray device is reduced while the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower is kept unchanged. The second vacuum degree threshold is the sum of the target vacuum degree and the third error.

[0068] Step S203, when the temperature of the adsorbent reaches a preset temperature threshold, the spraying of water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower is stopped.

[0069] Step S204, after reducing the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower, a purge process is performed.

[0070] In one embodiment, after reducing the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower, a purge process is performed, comprising:

[0071] The vacuum degree of the adsorption tower is reduced until all the water mist in the adsorption tower is vaporized, and then a purging process is performed.

[0072] In one embodiment, after reducing the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower, a purge process is performed, comprising:

[0073] After reducing the pressure of the adsorption tower to less than or equal to a third vacuum degree threshold, a purge process is performed, wherein the third vacuum degree threshold is the target vacuum degree minus the target vacuum degree correction value.

[0074] Step S205, after the purge process is completed, gradually increase the pressure in the adsorption tower.

[0075] Step S206, monitoring the pressure in the adsorption tower, and when the pressure in the adsorption tower reaches a preset adsorption pressure, stopping increasing the pressure in the adsorption tower.

[0076] Specifically, during desorption, the adsorption tower is in a low-pressure and high-temperature state. After desorption, the adsorption tower must be cooled and pressurized as quickly as possible to reach a high-pressure and low-temperature state for adsorption again. In order to adsorb again, it is necessary to quickly cool the adsorbent in the adsorption tower as soon as possible.

[0077] Therefore, after desorption, step S201 is performed, in which a spray device is used to spray water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower, and an exhaust device is used to exhaust air from the adsorption tower.

[0078] Specifically, a water mist spraying device is installed at an appropriate position of the adsorbent layer filled in the adsorption tower, and a large amount of water mist can be sprayed onto the adsorbent in the tower through a nozzle. Driven by a small amount of gas blown in from the upper pipe, the water mist can slowly diffuse into the adsorbent, and finally diffuse into every pore in the adsorbent, and can fully contact all adsorbents.

[0079] Since water is room temperature water, the water temperature is relatively low, while the adsorbent temperature is relatively high, a portion of the water mist will be heated by the adsorbent to evaporate and vaporize. At this time, since the latent heat of vaporization of water is very high, a large amount of heat will be absorbed from the surrounding adsorbent during vaporization, and the adsorbent will cool down very quickly. By continuously spraying, the evaporated water mist is replenished, and the adsorbent will continue to cool down rapidly. At this time, the vaporized water vapor is continuously extracted from the adsorption tower through an exhaust device such as a fan, an air suction machine or a vacuum pump, and the pressure of the tower is controlled to be maintained at the required low pressure state, that is, the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower is kept less than or equal to the first vacuum degree threshold. If the adsorbent temperature drops to the set adsorption temperature, step S203 is executed to stop spraying. If the adsorbent temperature drops to the set low temperature, spraying is continued, and exhaust is continued to maintain low pressure until the temperature drops to the set temperature. The adsorbent that contacts the water mist first will cool down first. When its temperature drops to a low enough level, it will no longer transfer heat to the water mist and lose the energy to vaporize the water mist. The water mist will then spread over the adsorbent with a low temperature to the adsorbent with a high temperature, and finally the temperature of all the adsorbents in the tower will be continuously lowered to near the boiling point of water at that pressure. The cooling of the tower is then completed.

[0080] In some embodiments, the air extraction device is: a fan, an aspirator or a vacuum pump.

[0081] In one embodiment, the detecting the steam temperature at the connection position between the adsorption tower and the exhaust device and the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower, and controlling the spray amount of the spray device and / or the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower according to the steam temperature and / or the vacuum degree to keep the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold, comprises:

[0082] Control the spray device to spray water mist onto the adsorbent in the adsorption tower at the maximum spray volume, and control the air extraction device to keep the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower less than or equal to the first vacuum degree threshold, where the first vacuum degree threshold is the sum of the desorption vacuum degree and the first error;

[0083] Detect the steam temperature at the connection position between the adsorption tower and the air extraction device. When the steam temperature drops to the first temperature threshold, while maintaining the maximum spray volume unchanged, reduce the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower. The first temperature threshold is the sum of the saturated steam temperature at the desorption vacuum degree and the second error;

[0084] Detect the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower. When the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower drops to the second vacuum degree threshold, while keeping the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower unchanged, reduce the spray volume of the spray device. The second vacuum degree threshold is the sum of the target vacuum degree and the third error.

[0085] Specifically, at the beginning, the temperature of the tower is in the high-temperature state during desorption. Due to a certain pressure drop in the adsorbent bed layer, the pressures at different heights in the adsorbent form a certain gradient, with the lowest pressure near the vacuum pump side and the highest pressure on the side far from the vacuum pump. Specifically:

[0086] ① When starting to cool down in sequence, since the tower temperature T1 is relatively high, the water mist will quickly vaporize. At this time, spray at the maximum spray volume F1 to reduce the tower temperature, and control the vacuum pump to extract all the steam after the water mist is vaporized. The vacuum degree can be maintained at P1 under the desorption vacuum degree or slightly higher. The purpose is to use the relatively high temperature of the tower itself to heat and vaporize the water mist without increasing the additional energy consumption of the vacuum pump, so as to quickly reduce the tower temperature. The first vacuum degree threshold is P1 + k, where k is the first error, and k can take 1 - 5% of the corresponding previous value. For example, k can be set to P1 * K1%, and K1 is 1 - 5%.

[0087] ② When the steam temperature in front of the vacuum pump drops to near the saturated vapor pressure steam temperature at the desorption vacuum degree P1 (T < T0 + a), it indicates that the bed layer temperature has approached the saturated temperature at this vacuum degree. At this time, maintain the spray volume F at the maximum spray volume, that is, F = F1 remains unchanged, and change the vacuum degree P. Continue to cool down by controlling the downward movement of the vacuum degree. Among them, T0 is the saturated steam temperature at the desorption vacuum degree, and a is the second error. a can take 1 - 5% of the corresponding previous value. For example, a can be set to T0 * K2%, and K2 is 1 - 5%.

[0088] ③ When the vacuum degree reaches near the target vacuum degree P < P2 + b, maintain the current vacuum degree P unchanged, and control the steam temperature in front of the vacuum pump by reducing the spray amount F. This is convenient for precisely controlling the temperature and also prevents energy consumption waste of the spray pump and the vacuum pump caused by excessive spraying. Among them, P2 is the target vacuum degree, b is the third error, and b can take 1 - 5% of the corresponding previous value. For example, b = P1 * K3%, and K3 is 1 - 5%.

[0089] ④ When the steam temperature T <= T2 in front of the vacuum pump indicates that the tower cooling is completed and the target temperature has been reached, stop spraying F = 0.

[0090] Among them, the target vacuum degree is the vacuum degree (pressure) at which water vaporizes at a certain temperature when the adsorbent is reduced to that temperature.

[0091] This embodiment cools down the adsorption tower with the minimum energy consumption and the fastest speed by executing the process control strategy.

[0092] In some embodiments, the step of stopping spraying water mist into the adsorbent in the adsorption tower when the temperature of the adsorbent reaches a preset temperature threshold includes:

[0093] Detect the temperatures of the adsorbent at multiple heights in the adsorption tower, adjust the spraying of water mist on the adsorbent according to the adsorbent temperature, and stop spraying water mist into the adsorbent in the adsorption tower until the temperatures of the adsorbent at all heights reach the preset temperature threshold.

[0094] Specifically, multiple thermometers can be longitudinally installed in the adsorption tower from top to bottom to measure the cross-sectional temperatures at different heights, that is, the temperatures of the adsorbent at different heights, and control the spraying according to the temperature.

[0095] This embodiment controls the spraying according to the temperatures of the adsorbent at different heights, so that the temperature can be quickly reduced to the set temperature.

[0096] After the cooling is completed, perform step S204. After reducing the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower, perform the purging process.

[0097] Specifically, by using the equipment for controlling and maintaining low pressure or vacuum degree, slightly further reduce the tower pressure to ensure that all the sprayed water mist is completely vaporized. Then perform the purging process, and use purging gases such as nitrogen to purge the water vapor in the space of the tower. The drying of the adsorption tower is completed.

[0098] In one of the embodiments, the step of performing the purging process after reducing the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower includes:

[0099] Reduce the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower until all the water mist in the adsorption tower is completely vaporized, and then perform the purging process.

[0100] In this embodiment, all the water mist in the adsorption tower is vaporized.

[0101] In one embodiment, after reducing the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower, a purge process is performed, comprising:

[0102] After reducing the pressure of the adsorption tower to less than or equal to a third vacuum degree threshold, a purge process is performed, wherein the third vacuum degree threshold is the target vacuum degree minus the target vacuum degree correction value.

[0103] Specifically, continue to reduce the vacuum degree P = P2-d, and when it is detected that F <= F2-e is true, introduce purge gas to blow out the water vapor in the tower, and the tower drying is completed. Continuing to reduce the vacuum degree is to ensure that all the water in the adsorption tower is vaporized, because the presence of water will reduce the adsorption effect in the adsorption tower. Where d is the target vacuum degree correction value. The target vacuum degree correction value can be taken as 1-5% of the corresponding previous value. For example, d = P2*K4% can be set, and K4 is 1-5%. F2-e means that after the vacuum degree is reduced, it is detected that the spray volume is less than the spray volume threshold, indicating that there is no spray. At this time, purge gas is introduced to blow out the internal water vapor. Where F2 is the spray volume threshold, e is the spray volume correction value, and e = F2*K5% can be set, and K5 is 1-5%.

[0104] After the purging process is completed, step S205 is executed to gradually increase the pressure in the adsorption tower. Step S206 is executed to monitor the pressure in the adsorption tower, and when the pressure in the adsorption tower reaches the preset adsorption pressure, the pressure in the adsorption tower is stopped from being increased.

[0105] Specifically, after the purge is completed, the tower pressure can be gradually increased until a higher set adsorption pressure is reached.

[0106] The main process calculations in this process can be simply calculated according to the following formula:

[0107] Water mist spray water requirement m 水 The calculation is as follows:

[0108] m 水 =Q / r=C 剂 m 剂 ΔT 剂 / r 水

[0109] Where:

[0110] Q is heat;

[0111] r is the latent heat of vaporization;

[0112] C 剂 is the specific heat of the adsorbent;

[0113] m 剂is the total mass of the adsorbent;

[0114] ΔT 剂 is the temperature reduction range of the adsorbent;

[0115] r 水 It is the latent heat of vaporization of water under the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower.

[0116] Cooling time 冷 The calculation is as follows:

[0117] t 冷 =(m 水 / ρ 水 ) / (V 抽气 )

[0118] Where:

[0119] m 水 is the amount of water mist sprayed into the tank;

[0120] ρ 水 is the density of water vapor under this condition;

[0121] V 抽气 is the vacuum pump exhaust speed.

[0122] Cooling energy consumption E 冷 The calculation is as follows: (Energy consumption during cooling process)

[0123] E 冷 =m 水 / p 水 +((μ 喷水泵 *t 冷 )+(μ 真空泵 *t 冷 )) / q 有效

[0124] Where:

[0125] p 水 is the density of water vapor under this condition;

[0126] μ 喷水泵 is the power of the spray device, preferably the power of a water mist spray pump;

[0127] μ 真空泵 is the power for evacuating the adsorption tower, preferably the power of a vacuum pump for evacuating the adsorption tower;

[0128] q 有效 is the effective adsorption amount.

[0129] This embodiment uses the boiling point of water at high temperature and low pressure, the large latent heat of vaporization of water, etc. to quickly flash the adsorbent to cool it down, solving the problem of keeping the energy consumption to a minimum when the adsorbent is cooled down quickly and efficiently, and achieving a faster cooling speed while using lower energy consumption. It is particularly suitable for use in the temperature vacuum pressure swing adsorption (TVSA) process. It has the characteristics of flexible process, easy control, fast cooling, high efficiency, no pollution, and low energy consumption, and has advantages that cannot be matched by indirect cooling and direct air cooling heat exchange processes.

[0130] like Figure 3 The following is a working flow chart of a method for cooling an adsorption tower according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprising:

[0131] Step S301, when the cooling sequence just starts, if T is less than or equal to T0+a, then execute step S302, otherwise spray at the maximum spray volume F1 to lower the tower temperature, control the vacuum pump to extract all the steam after the sprayed water mist is vaporized, and the vacuum degree can be maintained at the desorption vacuum degree P1 unchanged or slightly higher;

[0132] Step S302, maintaining the maximum spray volume F=F1 unchanged, changing the vacuum degree P, and continuing to lower the temperature by controlling the vacuum degree to move downward;

[0133] Step S303, when the vacuum degree P<=P2+b, execute step S304, otherwise continue to execute step S302;

[0134] Step S304, maintaining the vacuum degree P at this time unchanged, and controlling the steam temperature before the vacuum pump by reducing the spray volume F;

[0135] Step S305, when the steam temperature T before the vacuum pump is less than or equal to T2, it indicates that the tower cooling is completed and the target temperature has been reached, and step S306 is executed, otherwise, step S304 is continued;

[0136] Step S306, stop spraying F=0, and continue to reduce the vacuum degree P=P2-d;

[0137] Step S307, when it is detected that F<=F2-e is true, execute step S308, otherwise continue to execute step S306;

[0138] Step S308, introducing purge gas, the ventilation time t=tp, to purge the water vapor in the tower, and the tower drying is completed.

[0139] In the control of the vacuum flash cooling process of the adsorbent in this embodiment, a small amount of gas can be introduced during the spray cooling process to continuously push the water mist downward. The reactor is longitudinally installed with thermometers from top to bottom to measure the cross-sectional temperatures at different heights. The spray can be controlled according to the temperature to quickly reduce the temperature to the set temperature.

[0140] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, according to the trade-offs in the requirements for different adsorption and desorption forms, the experimental flow chart can also have other differences, can be simplified to perform the minimum functions, or can be based on this to develop a more complex process with more functions. At the same time, according to the experimental requirements, devices such as a desorption gas buffer tank 2, a purge gas buffer tank 3, a spray water tank 4, a spray pump 5, a rough vacuum pump 6, a fine vacuum pump 7, a N2 tank 8, a CO2 tank 9, a compressor 10, and a vacuum pump 11 can be added.

[0141] Figure 4 The adsorption process flow of Example 1 is specifically the adsorption process flow of 11 adsorption towers 1, using TVPSA, and its timing chart is:

[0142] Table 1

[0143]

[0144]

[0145] In the adsorption experimental system of this embodiment, each adsorption tower executes multiple processes in a cycle. Multiple adsorption towers 1 can execute different operating processes at different time sequences. After each adsorption tower completes a process, it executes the next process at the next time sequence. Specifically, as shown in Table 1, adsorption towers C-1, C-2, C-3, C-4, C-5, C-6, C-7, C-8, C-9, C-10, and C-11 can respectively execute the corresponding processes in the table at the corresponding time sequences, thereby realizing the corresponding process.

[0146] exist Figure 4 In the process shown, after the heating desorption under vacuum is completed, the N2 spray cooling uses the water mist spray cooling measure of the present invention. The water mist is sprayed into the adsorption tower 1 from the nozzle via the spray pump 5 to quickly flash and cool the adsorbent.

[0147] The process can also be adjusted according to changes in technical needs, and can also be used to develop more complex processes with more functions.

[0148] Figure 4 The adsorption process flow of Example 2 is specifically the adsorption process flow of 6 adsorption towers 1, using TVSA, and its timing table is:

[0149] Table 2

[0150] Timing 1 2 3 4 5 6 C-1 High pressure adsorption Pressure reduction Heating desorption <![CDATA[Purge CO2]]> Spray cooling Pressure Boosting C-2 Pressure Boosting High pressure adsorption Pressure reduction Heating desorption <![CDATA[Purge CO2]]> Spray cooling C-3 Spray cooling Pressure Boosting High pressure adsorption Pressure reduction Heating desorption <![CDATA[Purge CO2 <!-- 10 -->]]> C-4 <![CDATA[Purge CO2]]> Spray cooling Pressure Boosting High pressure adsorption Pressure reduction Heating desorption C-5 Heating desorption <![CDATA[Purge CO2]]> Spray cooling Pressure Boosting High pressure adsorption Pressure reduction C-6 Pressure reduction Heating desorption <![CDATA[Purge CO2]]> Spray cooling Pressure Boosting High pressure adsorption

[0151] Embodiment 2 can be regarded as a simplified and reduced version of the process of embodiment 1. Adsorption towers C-1, C-2, C-3, C-4, C-5, and C-6 can respectively execute the corresponding processes in the table at the corresponding timing, thereby realizing the corresponding process. The spray cooling uses the cooling measure of water mist spraying of the present invention.

[0152] Figure 6 This is Example 3, which is the simplest process with only one adsorption tower, using TVSA, and its timing table is:

[0153] Table 3

[0154]

[0155] Figure 6 The simplest process shown has only one adsorption tower 1, which can complete the operations of high-pressure and low-temperature adsorption and low-pressure and high-temperature desorption, wherein the spray cooling uses the cooling measure of the water mist spray of the present invention to quickly cool down by using water mist spray.

[0156] This embodiment combines efficient heating and cooling to achieve a complete heating and cooling combined process, forming an efficient temperature swing adsorption process. The heating and cooling time is measured in seconds, which greatly shortens the heating and cooling time of 6 to 8 hours in the prior art.

[0157] like Figure 7 The figure shows a hardware structure diagram of an electronic device of the present invention, including:

[0158] at least one processor 701; and,

[0159] A memory 702 that is communicatively connected to at least one of the processors 701; wherein,

[0160] The memory 702 stores instructions that can be executed by at least one of the processors. The instructions are executed by at least one of the processors so that the at least one processor can execute the adsorption tower cooling method as described above.

[0161] Figure 4 A processor 701 is taken as an example.

[0162] The electronic device may further include: an input device 703 and a display device 704 .

[0163] The processor 701, the memory 702, the input device 703 and the display device 704 may be connected via a bus or other means, and the figure takes the connection via a bus as an example.

[0164] The memory 702 is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that can be used to store non-volatile software programs, non-volatile computer executable programs and modules, such as program instructions / modules corresponding to the adsorption tower cooling method in the embodiment of the present application, for example, Figure 1 , Figure 2 The processor 701 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the non-volatile software programs, instructions and modules stored in the memory 702, that is, the adsorption tower cooling method in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0165] The memory 702 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the adsorption tower cooling method, etc. In addition, the memory 702 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 702 may optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 701, and these remote memories may be connected to a device for executing the adsorption tower cooling method via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0166] The input device 703 can receive user clicks and generate signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the adsorption tower cooling method. The display device 704 can include display devices such as a display screen.

[0167] The one or more modules are stored in the memory 702, and when executed by the one or more processors 701, the adsorption tower cooling method in any of the above method embodiments is executed.

[0168] After the desorption process is carried out in the adsorption tower, the present invention sprays water mist onto the adsorbent in the adsorption tower while maintaining the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold value. Since the adsorption tower is in a high temperature and low pressure state after the desorption process, the boiling point of water is very low under high temperature and low pressure, and thus the latent heat of vaporization of water is very high. A large amount of heat is absorbed from the surrounding adsorbent during vaporization, thereby achieving rapid cooling of the adsorbent and improving the cooling efficiency of the temperature swing adsorption.

[0169] An embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium, wherein the storage medium stores computer instructions. When a computer executes the computer instructions, the storage medium is used to execute all steps of the above-mentioned adsorption tower cooling method.

[0170] like Figure 8An adsorption tower 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, comprising: an outer tower 11, an inner tower 12 for accommodating an adsorbent, and a spray device 13 for spraying water mist toward the adsorbent in the inner tower 12. The spray device 13 is controlled by the adsorption tower cooling method as described above.

[0171] Specifically, the adsorption tower 1 of the present invention comprises an outer tower 11, an inner tower 12 and a spray device 13. The inner tower 12 contains an adsorbent 100. The spray device 13 is preferably arranged above the inner tower 12, and the spray device 13 is controlled to spray water mist to the adsorbent in the inner tower 12 according to the aforementioned adsorption tower cooling method.

[0172] The adsorption tower 1 may also be provided with an electric heating device. For example, a positive electrode 14 of the power grid is provided above the inner tower 12, a negative electrode 15 of the power grid is provided below the inner tower 12, and a power source 16 is electrically connected to the positive electrode 14 of the power grid and the negative electrode 15 of the power grid through a cable 17, respectively, to electrically heat the adsorbent. At the same time, an inner tower support 18 may be provided on the bottom plate of the inner tower 12 to support the inner tower 12, and an insulating layer 19 may be provided between the inner tower 12 and the outer tower 11.

[0173] The control of the adsorbent vacuum flash cooling process of the best embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0174] 1. Adopt time-sharing and zone-sharing heating method.

[0175] 2. During the spray cooling process, a small amount of gas can be introduced to continuously push the water mist downward.

[0176] 3. The reactor is equipped with thermometers from top to bottom to measure the cross-sectional temperature at different heights. Since the vaporization temperature of water mist is constant under a certain vacuum degree, the spray can be controlled according to the temperature. When the temperature is high, the spray volume can be increased to quickly reduce the temperature to the set temperature.

[0177] The experimental data of the simulated small test for this embodiment are as follows:

[0178] Adsorbent loading: honeycomb 198g

[0179] Adsorbent specific heat: 840J / kg

[0180] Maximum vacuum degree of vacuum pump: 15KPa, the boiling point of water under this vacuum degree is about 53.9℃, steam density is 0.09979kg / m3 Vacuum pump: power 100W=100J / s, pumping speed 22L / min, ultimate vacuum 800Pa

[0181] Spray water pump power: 100W, actual water spray volume 5g

[0182] Desorption temperature after heating: 120°C, adsorption temperature after cooling: 54°C

[0183] Actual heating time: 39 seconds, power supply: 220VAC

[0184] The effective adsorption amount obtained experimentally is 5wt%

[0185] Experimental results and process calculation:

[0186] The energy required to cool the adsorbent is Q = Cm 剂 ΔT=840*0.198*(120-54)=840*0.198*66=10.98KJ Spray water vaporization heat absorption water requirement m 水 =10.98KJ / 2372=4.63g

[0187] Water vapor volume 5 / 0.09979 = 0.05m 3 =50L

[0188] Cooling time 冷 =50 / (22 / 60)=136.4s

[0189] Spray pump power consumption = 100 * 136.4s = 13.64KJ

[0190] Vacuum pump power consumption = 100*140s = 14KJ

[0191] Cooling power consumption = 13.64 + 14 = 27.64 KJ

[0192] Water consumption converted to energy consumption = 5 / 17.82 = 28MJ / tCO2

[0193] Effective adsorption capacity 5wt% = 0.198*5% = 0.0099kg

[0194] Total energy consumption of cooling process E = 27.64KJ / 0.0099kg = 2.792GJ / tCO2

[0195] After the desorption process is carried out in the adsorption tower, the present invention sprays water mist onto the adsorbent in the adsorption tower while maintaining the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower less than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold value. Since the adsorption tower is in a high temperature and low pressure state after the desorption process, the boiling point of water is very low under high temperature and low pressure, and thus the latent heat of vaporization of water is very high. A large amount of heat is absorbed from the surrounding adsorbent during vaporization, thereby achieving rapid cooling of the adsorbent and improving the cooling efficiency of the temperature swing adsorption.

[0196] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A method for cooling an adsorption tower, characterized in that: include: After the adsorption tower performs a desorption process, while spraying water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower, the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower is maintained to be greater than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold; When the temperature of the adsorbent reaches a preset temperature threshold, the spraying of water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower is stopped; The step of spraying water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower while maintaining the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower greater than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold comprises: A spray device is used to spray water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower, and an exhaust device is used to exhaust air from the adsorption tower; Detecting the steam temperature at the connection position between the adsorption tower and the exhaust device and the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower, and controlling the spray amount of the spray device and / or the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower according to the steam temperature and / or the vacuum degree, so as to keep the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower greater than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold; The detecting the steam temperature at the connection position between the adsorption tower and the exhaust device and the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower, and controlling the spray amount of the spray device and / or the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower according to the steam temperature and / or the vacuum degree to keep the vacuum degree in the adsorption tower greater than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold, comprises: Control the spray device to spray water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower at a maximum spray volume, and control the vacuum device to maintain the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower greater than or equal to a first vacuum degree threshold, where the first vacuum degree threshold is the sum of the desorption vacuum degree and a first error; Detecting the steam temperature at the connection position between the adsorption tower and the exhaust device, and when the steam temperature drops to a first temperature threshold, reducing the tower pressure of the adsorption tower while maintaining the maximum spray volume unchanged, the first temperature threshold being the sum of the saturated steam temperature under the desorption vacuum degree and the second error; The vacuum degree of the adsorption tower is detected. When the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower increases to a second vacuum degree threshold, the spray amount of the spray device is reduced while the vacuum degree of the adsorption tower is kept unchanged. The second vacuum degree threshold is the sum of the target vacuum degree and the third error.

2. The adsorption tower cooling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After stopping spraying water mist to the adsorbent in the adsorption tower, the method further includes: After reducing the tower pressure of the adsorption tower, a purge process is performed.

3. The adsorption tower cooling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: After reducing the tower pressure of the adsorption tower, a purge process is performed, comprising: The tower pressure of the adsorption tower is reduced until the water mist in the adsorption tower is completely vaporized, and then a purge process is performed.

4. The adsorption tower cooling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: After the purging process, the method further comprises: After the purge process is completed, gradually increasing the pressure in the adsorption tower; The pressure in the adsorption tower is monitored, and when the pressure in the adsorption tower reaches a preset adsorption pressure, the pressure in the adsorption tower is stopped from being increased.

5. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; as well as, a memory communicatively connected to at least one of the processors; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by at least one of the processors, and the instructions are executed by at least one of the processors so that at least one of the processors can execute the adsorption tower cooling method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. A storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores computer instructions, and when a computer executes the computer instructions, it is used to execute all steps of the adsorption tower cooling method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

7. An adsorption tower (1), characterized in that: include: An outer tower (11), an inner tower (12) for accommodating an adsorbent, and a spray device (13) for spraying water mist toward the adsorbent in the inner tower (12), wherein the spray device (13) is controlled by the adsorption tower cooling method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

Images