A method and system for detecting deformation of casing of oil and water wells

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for detecting deformation of casing of oil and water wells, the method comprising: moving a detection sensor group to a first position so that the first position and a second magnetostrictive sensor are located in the same cross section; taking the first position as the initial point, setting three initial magnetic ring positions at preset intervals, so that the magnetostrictive sensor that meets the preset conditions collects the acquisition data of the corresponding magnetic ring position to form an acquisition data frame; sliding the detection sensor group from the first position to a predetermined direction in a sliding window manner by the length of the preset interval, and correspondingly, setting magnetic rings from the initial magnetic ring position in turn at preset intervals, so that the sensor group traverses and collects the corresponding magnetic ring positions according to the preset conditions to obtain a number of acquisition data frames; calculating the deformation amount of the corresponding position of the casing according to the acquisition data frame. After calculating according to the magnetic field interference in different directions, the correction error under the magnetic field interference is obtained, thereby eliminating the measurement error caused by electromagnetic interference in the sensor acquisition process and improving the measurement accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of oil field monitoring, and in particular relates to a method and system for detecting deformation of casing of an oil and water well. Background Art

[0002] As one of the three traditional energy sources, the reserves and mining capacity of oil have become important bargaining chips in the competition among major countries. The steel casing is the outermost layer of the oil and water wells. Due to the influence of geological factors and mining factors, the complex underground mechanical system leads to frequent casing damage. Casing damage refers to the bending, breaking and other phenomena that occur when the force applied to the casing exceeds its bearing capacity. At the least, it reduces the oil production efficiency, and at the worst, the oil well is abandoned, causing heavy losses to production. Therefore, it is necessary to collect its deformation and establish an abnormal deformation early warning and forecasting mechanism to provide technical support for the adoption of protection and remedial measures to ensure the safe service of the pipeline.

[0003] Since deformation data is usually collected by sensors, as the depth of oil and gas wells increases, the internal magnetic field becomes stronger and stronger. At present, there is no effective shielding or detection method for magnetic field interference. For example, errors can be avoided by using distance sensors or other measuring elements with good anti-interference performance. However, whether it is the mainstream grating quasi-distributed sensors or other sensors with good anti-interference performance, they are not designed to eliminate interference. Therefore, it is inevitable that data collection will be affected by magnetic field interference, thereby affecting the collection accuracy. In some scenarios with higher requirements, finite element simulation, neural network model algorithm and other methods will be used to predict and eliminate errors, but this method cannot perform error calculation or error elimination in a targeted manner according to changes in the actual measurement environment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method and system for detecting deformation of oil and water well casing. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A casing deformation detection system for oil and water wells, comprising:

[0006] A detection sensor group, the detection sensor group comprising a first magnetostrictive sensor, a second magnetostrictive sensor, and a third magnetostrictive sensor arranged at preset intervals;

[0007] A driving module, used for moving the detection sensor group to a first position so that the first position and the second magnetostrictive sensor are located in the same cross section;

[0008] The detection sensor group is used to set three initial magnetic ring positions at preset intervals with the first position as the initial point, so that the magnetostrictive sensor that meets the preset conditions collects the collection data corresponding to the magnetic ring position to form a collection data frame, and the collection data frame includes a magnetic ring position field, a sensor field, a direction field and pulse transmission distance data; the preset condition is: there is a first direction, a second direction or a third direction between the magnetostrictive sensor and the magnetic ring position;

[0009] The driving module is also used to slide the detection sensor group in a sliding window manner from the first position to the predetermined direction in sequence by the length of the preset interval. Accordingly, the detection sensor group is used to sequentially set the magnetic ring from the initial magnetic ring position according to the preset interval, so that the sensor group traverses and collects the corresponding magnetic ring position according to the preset conditions to obtain a number of collected data frames; and sends the several collected data frames to the data processing terminal;

[0010] The data processing terminal is used to calculate the deformation amount of the corresponding position of the casing according to the collected data frame.

[0011] In a specific embodiment, the first direction and the third direction are symmetrically arranged along a second direction, and the second direction is the radial direction of the sleeve.

[0012] In a specific embodiment, the data processing terminal includes:

[0013] A data receiving unit is used to read the collected data frame, and form a pulse transmission distance array according to a preset recording rule using the magnetic ring position code as an array number; the preset recording rule is that the first magnetostrictive sensor, the second magnetostrictive sensor, and the third magnetostrictive sensor collect pulse transmission distance data in the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction in sequence;

[0014] A correction parameter calculation unit, used to obtain correction parameters according to the pulse transmission distance data of the corresponding magnetic ring position collected by the first magnetostrictive sensor, the second magnetostrictive sensor, and the third magnetostrictive sensor;

[0015] The deformation variable calculation unit is used to calibrate the pulse transmission distance data collected in the second direction according to the correction parameter to obtain the deformation variable of the corresponding position of the casing.

[0016] In a specific embodiment, the calculation formula of the correction parameter is:

[0017] Where D1 is the pulse transmission distance in the first direction, D2 is the pulse transmission distance in the second direction, and D3 is the pulse transmission distance in the third direction. θ is determined by the preset interval L. 0 and original pipe diameter D 0 Determine, and tanθ=D0 / L 0 .

[0018] In a specific embodiment, the deformation amount is: ΔD = D 2 -δ-D 0 .

[0019] The present invention also discloses a method for detecting deformation of casing of an oil and water well, comprising: a detection sensor group, wherein the detection sensor group comprises a first magnetostrictive sensor, a second magnetostrictive sensor, and a third magnetostrictive sensor arranged at preset intervals;

[0020] The method includes:

[0021] Moving the detection sensor group to a first position so that the first position and the second magnetostrictive sensor are located in the same cross section;

[0022] Taking the first position as the initial point, three initial magnetic ring positions are set at preset intervals, so that the magnetostrictive sensor that meets the preset conditions collects the collection data corresponding to the magnetic ring position to form a collection data frame, wherein the collection data frame includes a magnetic ring position field, a sensor field, a direction field and pulse transmission distance data; the preset condition is: there is a first direction, a second direction or a third direction between the magnetostrictive sensor and the magnetic ring position;

[0023] The detection sensor group is slid in a sliding window manner from a first position to a predetermined direction in sequence by a preset interval length, and accordingly, magnetic rings are set in sequence from an initial magnetic ring position at preset intervals, so that the sensor group traverses and collects corresponding magnetic ring positions according to preset conditions to obtain a number of collected data frames;

[0024] The deformation amount of the casing at the corresponding position is calculated according to the collected data frame.

[0025] In a specific embodiment, the first direction and the third direction are symmetrically arranged along a second direction, and the second direction is the radial direction of the sleeve.

[0026] In a specific implementation, calculating the deformation amount of the corresponding position of the casing according to the acquired data frame includes:

[0027] The acquisition data frame is read, and a pulse transmission distance array is formed according to a preset recording rule using the magnetic ring position code as an array number; the preset recording rule is that the first magnetostrictive sensor, the second magnetostrictive sensor, and the third magnetostrictive sensor collect pulse transmission distance data in the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction in sequence;

[0028] Obtaining correction parameters according to the pulse transmission distance data of the corresponding magnetic ring position collected by the first magnetostrictive sensor, the second magnetostrictive sensor, and the third magnetostrictive sensor;

[0029] The pulse transmission distance data collected in the second direction is calibrated according to the correction parameters to obtain the deformation amount of the corresponding position of the casing.

[0030] In a specific embodiment, the calculation formula of the correction parameter is:

[0031] Where D1 is the pulse transmission distance in the first direction, D2 is the pulse transmission distance in the second direction, and D3 is the pulse transmission distance in the third direction. θ is determined by the preset interval L. 0 and original pipe diameter D 0 Determine, and tanθ=D 0 / L 0 .

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the deformation amount is: ΔD = D 2 -δ-D 0 .

[0033] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0034] The present invention provides a casing deformation detection system for oil and water wells, wherein the detection sensor group is moved to a first position so that the first position and the second magnetostrictive sensor are located in the same cross section; three initial magnetic ring positions are set at preset intervals with the first position as the initial point, so that the magnetostrictive sensor that meets the preset conditions collects the collection data corresponding to the magnetic ring position to form a collection data frame, wherein the collection data frame includes a magnetic ring position field, a sensor field, a direction field and pulse transmission distance data; the preset condition is that there is a first direction, a second direction or a third direction between the magnetostrictive sensor and the magnetic ring position; the detection sensor group is sequentially slid from the first position to a predetermined direction by a preset interval length in a sliding window manner, and accordingly, magnetic rings are sequentially set at preset intervals from the initial magnetic ring position so that the sensor group traverses and collects the corresponding magnetic ring positions according to the preset conditions to obtain a number of collection data frames; and the deformation amount of the corresponding position of the casing is calculated according to the collection data frames. In this way, by collecting data in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction, the correction error under magnetic field interference is obtained after calculation according to magnetic field interference in different directions, thereby eliminating the measurement error caused by electromagnetic interference in the sensor collection process and improving the measurement accuracy.

[0035] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1This is a module block diagram of an oil and water well casing deformation detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of error decomposition provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 The present invention is a flowchart of a method for detecting deformation of casing of an oil and water well provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0040] Embodiment 1

[0041] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a module block diagram of an oil and water well casing deformation detection system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including:

[0042] The detection sensor group 10 includes a first magnetostrictive sensor 11, a second magnetostrictive sensor 12, and a third magnetostrictive sensor 13 arranged at preset intervals. The magnetostrictive sensors in this embodiment need to be arranged at equal intervals, otherwise effective measurement cannot be performed. Therefore, the corresponding positions need to be set in advance. In addition, when the equal intervals are set, the interval distance is determined according to the measurement requirements. Generally, the smaller the interval distance, the smaller the measurement accuracy. However, since certain data calculations need to be performed, the more data, the smaller the interval, and the greater the measurement time, the amount of calculation and the difficulty.

[0043] A driving module 20, used for moving the detection sensor group 10 to a first position so that the first position 30 and the second magnetostrictive sensor 12 are located in the same cross section;

[0044] The detection sensor group 10 is used to set three initial magnetic ring positions at preset intervals with the first position 30 as the initial point, so that the magnetostrictive sensor that meets the preset conditions collects the collection data corresponding to the magnetic ring position to form a collection data frame, and the collection data frame includes a magnetic ring position field, a sensor field, a direction field and pulse transmission distance data; the preset condition is: there is a first direction, a second direction or a third direction between the magnetostrictive sensor and the magnetic ring position;

[0045] It should be noted that the first direction and the third direction are symmetrically arranged along the second direction, and the second direction is the radial direction of the sleeve. Figure 1 The direction of 11-30, the second direction is Figure 1 The direction of 12-30, the third direction is Figure 113-30 in the direction. When transmitting data, the three magnetostrictive sensors send data separately, and the transmission order is not fixed. Therefore, in order to effectively distinguish, this implementation transmits data by collecting data frames so that different data sources and data characteristics can be distinguished. The magnetic ring position field is used to characterize the position of each measurement point. Since each measurement point needs to be measured three times in different directions during measurement, it is necessary to distinguish different measurement directions through the direction field. The sensor field is used to characterize which sensor is used to collect the data to avoid data confusion. The pulse transmission distance data is the calculated data obtained after the sensor calculates. When measuring with a magnetostrictive sensor, the original measurement data is the transmission time of the pulse signal sent by the sensor. Since there is a magnetic field of uncertain strength and direction in the oil and water wells, namely the interference magnetic field, the superposition of this magnetic field with the magnetic field generated by the magnetostrictive sensor will cause a certain change in the magnetic field. At the same time, when the superposition is performed at different positions, the change in the magnetic field is also different, which will change the magnetic field distribution inside the sensor, thereby affecting the propagation speed and direction of the pulse signal. This influence causes the time deviation of the echo pulse signal received by the sensor, resulting in differences in the pulse transmission distance data calculated at different positions.

[0046] The driving module is also used to slide the detection sensor group in a sliding window manner from the first position to the predetermined direction in sequence by the length of the preset interval. Accordingly, the detection sensor group is used to sequentially set the magnetic ring from the initial magnetic ring position according to the preset interval, so that the sensor group traverses and collects the corresponding magnetic ring position according to the preset conditions to obtain a number of collected data frames; and sends the several collected data frames to the data processing terminal;

[0047] During measurement, at the initial position, each sensor corresponds to a magnetic ring in the first direction, and the first magnetostrictive sensor 11 corresponds to the first position 30 in the first direction. At this time, each sensor collects data in the first direction. After the collection is completed, each sensor is moved downward so that the first magnetostrictive sensor 11 corresponds to the first position 30 in the second direction. At this time, each sensor collects data in the second direction. After the collection is completed, each sensor is moved downward so that the first magnetostrictive sensor 11 corresponds to the first position 30 in the third direction. After continuing to move downward, the first magnetostrictive sensor 11 will correspond to another position and magnetic ring in the first direction, thereby collecting data in sequence.

[0048] The data processing terminal is used to calculate the deformation amount of the corresponding position of the casing according to the collected data frame.

[0049] Specifically, the data processing terminal 40 includes:

[0050] A data receiving unit is used to read the collected data frame, and form a pulse transmission distance array according to a preset recording rule using the magnetic ring position code as an array number; the preset recording rule is that the first magnetostrictive sensor, the second magnetostrictive sensor, and the third magnetostrictive sensor collect pulse transmission distance data in the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction in sequence;

[0051] A correction parameter calculation unit, used to obtain correction parameters according to the pulse transmission distance data of the corresponding magnetic ring position collected by the first magnetostrictive sensor, the second magnetostrictive sensor, and the third magnetostrictive sensor;

[0052] The calculation formula of the correction parameter is:

[0053] Where D1 is the pulse transmission distance in the first direction, D2 is the pulse transmission distance in the second direction, and D3 is the pulse transmission distance in the third direction. θ is determined by the preset interval L. 0 and original pipe diameter D 0 Determine, and tanθ=D 0 / L 0 .

[0054] It should be noted that, since the first direction and the third direction are symmetrically arranged along the second direction, the influence of the interfering magnetic field on the transmission distance, i.e., the correction parameter, can be calculated separately by measuring and calculating using the above formula. Figure 2 , the pulse transmission distances along the first direction and the third direction can be decomposed to obtain the error decomposition value along the pipeline direction and the error decomposition value along the pipeline radial direction. In the first direction, since the error decomposition value along the pipeline direction is in opposite directions to the error decomposition value along the pipeline direction in the third direction, the error along the pipeline direction can be obtained by subtracting the two, and the decomposition values ​​along the pipeline radial direction are in the same direction, so the error can only be included by adding them. The data after the sum includes twice the error data and the pulse transmission distance, so it is first divided by 2. Since the pulse transmission distance in the second direction is radial, the error decomposition value only including the radial direction of the pipeline can be obtained by subtracting the pulse transmission distance measured in the second direction. After that, the error decomposition values ​​along the pipeline direction and along the pipeline radial direction are combined to obtain the complete error value, that is, the correction parameter. Preferably, in order to make the reference angle consistent, a preset interval L is uniformly taken. 0 and original pipe diameter D 0 Determine the value of θ.

[0055] The deformation variable calculation unit is used to calibrate the pulse transmission distance data collected in the second direction according to the correction parameter to obtain the deformation variable of the corresponding position of the casing.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the deformation amount is: ΔD = D 2-δ-D 0 That is, the difference between the measured value along the radial direction of the pipeline and the correction parameter and the original pipe diameter is the deformation variable.

[0057] The present invention provides a casing deformation detection system for oil and water wells, wherein the detection sensor group is moved to a first position so that the first position and the second magnetostrictive sensor are located in the same cross section; three initial magnetic ring positions are set at preset intervals with the first position as the initial point, so that the magnetostrictive sensor that meets the preset conditions collects the collection data corresponding to the magnetic ring position to form a collection data frame, wherein the collection data frame includes a magnetic ring position field, a sensor field, a direction field and pulse transmission distance data; the preset condition is that there is a first direction, a second direction or a third direction between the magnetostrictive sensor and the magnetic ring position; the detection sensor group is sequentially slid from the first position to a predetermined direction by a preset interval length in a sliding window manner, and accordingly, magnetic rings are sequentially set at preset intervals from the initial magnetic ring position so that the sensor group traverses and collects the corresponding magnetic ring positions according to the preset conditions to obtain a number of collection data frames; and the deformation amount of the corresponding position of the casing is calculated according to the collection data frames. In this way, by collecting data in the first direction, the second direction and the third direction, the correction error under magnetic field interference is obtained after calculation according to magnetic field interference in different directions, thereby eliminating the measurement error caused by electromagnetic interference in the sensor collection process and improving the measurement accuracy.

[0058] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 It is a flow chart of a method for detecting deformation of casing of an oil and water well provided by an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: a detection sensor group, wherein the sensor group comprises a first magnetostrictive sensor, a second magnetostrictive sensor, and a third magnetostrictive sensor arranged at preset intervals;

[0059] The method includes:

[0060] S1, moving the detection sensor group to a first position so that the first position and the second magnetostrictive sensor are located in the same cross section;

[0061] S2, taking the first position as the initial point and setting three initial magnetic ring positions at preset intervals, so that the magnetostrictive sensor that meets the preset conditions collects the acquisition data corresponding to the magnetic ring position to form an acquisition data frame, wherein the acquisition data frame includes a magnetic ring position field, a sensor field, a direction field and pulse transmission distance data; the preset condition is: there is a first direction, a second direction or a third direction between the magnetostrictive sensor and the magnetic ring position;

[0062] S3, sliding the detection sensor group from the first position to the predetermined direction in a sliding window manner by a preset interval length, and accordingly, setting the magnetic rings in sequence from the initial magnetic ring position according to the preset intervals, so that the sensor group traverses and collects the corresponding magnetic ring positions according to the preset conditions to obtain a number of collected data frames;

[0063] S4. Calculate the deformation amount of the corresponding position of the casing according to the collected data frame.

[0064] In a specific embodiment, the first direction and the third direction are symmetrically arranged along a second direction, and the second direction is the radial direction of the sleeve.

[0065] In a specific implementation, calculating the deformation amount of the corresponding position of the casing according to the acquired data frame includes:

[0066] The acquisition data frame is read, and a pulse transmission distance array is formed according to a preset recording rule using the magnetic ring position code as an array number; the preset recording rule is that the first magnetostrictive sensor, the second magnetostrictive sensor, and the third magnetostrictive sensor collect pulse transmission distance data in the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction in sequence;

[0067] Obtaining correction parameters according to the pulse transmission distance data of the corresponding magnetic ring position collected by the first magnetostrictive sensor, the second magnetostrictive sensor, and the third magnetostrictive sensor;

[0068] The pulse transmission distance data collected in the second direction is calibrated according to the correction parameters to obtain the deformation amount of the corresponding position of the casing.

[0069] In a specific embodiment, the calculation formula of the correction parameter is:

[0070] Where D1 is the pulse transmission distance in the first direction, D2 is the pulse transmission distance in the second direction, and D3 is the pulse transmission distance in the third direction. θ is determined by the preset interval L. 0 and original pipe diameter D 0 Determine, and tanθ=D 0 / L 0 .

[0071] In a specific embodiment, the deformation amount is: ΔD = D 2 -δ-D 0 .

[0072] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0073] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0074] Although the present application is described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, in the process of implementing the claimed application, those skilled in the art may understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments by viewing the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "one" or "an" does not exclude multiple situations. A single processor or other unit may implement several functions listed in a claim. Certain measures are recorded in different dependent claims, but this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0075] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oil and water well casing deformation detection system, characterized in that: include: A detection sensor group, the detection sensor group comprising a first magnetostrictive sensor, a second magnetostrictive sensor, and a third magnetostrictive sensor arranged at preset intervals; A driving module, used for moving the detection sensor group to a first position so that the first position and the second magnetostrictive sensor are located in the same cross section; The detection sensor group is used to set three initial magnetic ring positions at preset intervals with the first position as the initial point, so that the magnetostrictive sensor that meets the preset conditions collects the collection data corresponding to the magnetic ring position to form a collection data frame, and the collection data frame includes a magnetic ring position field, a sensor field, a direction field and pulse transmission distance data; the preset condition is: there is a first direction, a second direction or a third direction between the magnetostrictive sensor and the magnetic ring position; The driving module is also used to slide the detection sensor group in a sliding window manner from the first position to the predetermined direction in sequence by the length of the preset interval. Accordingly, the detection sensor group is used to sequentially set the magnetic ring from the initial magnetic ring position according to the preset interval, so that the sensor group traverses and collects the corresponding magnetic ring position according to the preset conditions to obtain a number of collection data frames; and sending the plurality of collected data frames to a data processing terminal; The data processing terminal is used to calculate the deformation amount of the corresponding position of the casing according to the collected data frame; The first direction and the third direction are symmetrically arranged along a second direction, and the second direction is a radial direction of the sleeve; The data processing terminal comprises: A data receiving unit is used to read the collected data frame, and form a pulse transmission distance array according to a preset recording rule using the magnetic ring position code as an array number; the preset recording rule is that the first magnetostrictive sensor, the second magnetostrictive sensor, and the third magnetostrictive sensor collect pulse transmission distance data in the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction in sequence; A correction parameter calculation unit, used to obtain correction parameters according to the pulse transmission distance data of the corresponding magnetic ring position collected by the first magnetostrictive sensor, the second magnetostrictive sensor, and the third magnetostrictive sensor; A deformation variable calculation unit, used for calibrating the pulse transmission distance data collected in the second direction according to the correction parameter to obtain the deformation variable of the corresponding position of the casing; The calculation formula of the correction parameter is: Where D1 is the pulse transmission distance in the first direction, D2 is the pulse transmission distance in the second direction, and D3 is the pulse transmission distance in the third direction. θ is determined by the preset interval L0 and the original tube diameter D0, and tanθ=D0 / L 0。 2. The oil and water well casing deformation detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The deformation amount is: ΔD=D2-δ-D0.

3. A method for detecting deformation of oil and water well casing, characterized in that: include: A detection sensor group, the detection sensor group comprising a first magnetostrictive sensor, a second magnetostrictive sensor, and a third magnetostrictive sensor arranged at preset intervals; The method includes: Moving the detection sensor group to a first position so that the first position and the second magnetostrictive sensor are located in the same cross section; Taking the first position as the initial point, three initial magnetic ring positions are set at preset intervals, so that the magnetostrictive sensor that meets the preset conditions collects the collection data corresponding to the magnetic ring position to form a collection data frame, wherein the collection data frame includes a magnetic ring position field, a sensor field, a direction field and pulse transmission distance data; the preset condition is: there is a first direction, a second direction or a third direction between the magnetostrictive sensor and the magnetic ring position; The detection sensor group is slid in a sliding window manner from a first position to a predetermined direction in sequence by a preset interval length, and accordingly, magnetic rings are set in sequence from an initial magnetic ring position at preset intervals, so that the sensor group traverses and collects corresponding magnetic ring positions according to preset conditions to obtain a number of collected data frames; Calculate the deformation amount of the corresponding position of the casing according to the collected data frame; The first direction and the third direction are symmetrically arranged along a second direction, and the second direction is a radial direction of the sleeve; The deformation amount of the casing at the corresponding position is calculated according to the collected data frame, including: The acquisition data frame is read, and a pulse transmission distance array is formed according to a preset recording rule using the magnetic ring position code as an array number; the preset recording rule is that the first magnetostrictive sensor, the second magnetostrictive sensor, and the third magnetostrictive sensor collect pulse transmission distance data in the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction in sequence; Obtaining correction parameters according to the pulse transmission distance data of the corresponding magnetic ring position collected by the first magnetostrictive sensor, the second magnetostrictive sensor, and the third magnetostrictive sensor; Calibrate the pulse transmission distance data collected in the second direction according to the correction parameter to obtain the deformation amount of the corresponding position of the casing; The calculation formula of the correction parameter is: Wherein, D1 is the pulse transmission distance in the first direction, D2 is the pulse transmission distance in the second direction, D3 is the pulse transmission distance in the third direction, θ is determined by the preset interval L0 and the original tube diameter D0, and tanθ=D0 / L0.

4. The method for detecting deformation of oil and water well casing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The deformation amount is: ΔD=D2-δ-D0.

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