Energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire suppression system and method of manufacture

Abstract

The application provides an energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system and a manufacturing method thereof. The system comprises a battery cabin, a plurality of battery packs installed in the battery cabin in a multi-layer and multi-column manner, a relay arranged on a power connection line of each battery pack, and a fire extinguishing part. Each battery pack comprises a plurality of battery modules, a lower liquid cooling plate arranged below the plurality of battery modules, and a heat-conducting insulating sheet and an upper liquid cooling plate arranged above the plurality of battery modules in sequence from bottom to top. An internal fire passage is formed at both side edges of the lower liquid cooling plate. An end of the lower liquid cooling plate is provided with a fire liquid inlet connected with the fire passage. A lower surface of the lower liquid cooling plate is provided with a plurality of spray outlets connected with the fire passage. The fire extinguishing part comprises a spray pipe, a liquid storage tank, a liquid supply pipeline, a liquid supply pump, a liquid collecting tank, a liquid return pipeline, a liquid return pump, and a fire control device. The fire control device is in communication connection with the liquid supply pump, the liquid return pump, and all relays respectively.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of energy storage fire fighting, and particularly relates to an energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire fighting system and a manufacturing method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the popularization and application of new energy such as solar energy and wind energy, energy storage technology has also developed. Lithium battery energy storage systems gradually become the mainstream products of electrochemical energy storage due to the advantages of high specific energy, long cycle life and low cost. However, the lithium battery energy storage system has a risk of thermal runaway under overcharge, overdischarge and other conditions, and is prone to fire, explosion and combustion accidents, which has great fire hazard.

[0003] At present, large lithium battery energy storage systems usually use full-spraying and flooding methods for fire extinguishing and cooling at the top of the energy storage battery cabin. However, this fire fighting method cannot meet the requirements of precise and rapid fire extinguishing of lithium batteries, and the amount of fire fighting water is large, and the cooling and fire extinguishing efficiency is low. SUMMARY

[0004] The application is carried out to solve the above technical problems, and aims to provide an energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire fighting system and a manufacturing method thereof.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] <Scheme I>

[0007] The application provides an energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system, which has the characteristics that the system comprises a battery cabin, a plurality of battery packs installed in the battery cabin in a multi-layer and multi-column manner, a relay arranged on a power connection line of each battery pack, and a fire extinguishing unit for spraying and cooling the plurality of battery packs when the battery packs are in thermal runaway, wherein each battery pack comprises a plurality of battery modules, a lower liquid cooling plate arranged below the plurality of battery modules, and a heat-conducting insulating sheet and an upper liquid cooling plate arranged above the plurality of battery modules in sequence from bottom to top; a fire extinguishing channel is formed in the inside of both side edges of the lower liquid cooling plate, an end of the lower liquid cooling plate is provided with a fire extinguishing liquid inlet connected with the fire extinguishing channel, and the lower surface of the lower liquid cooling plate is provided with a plurality of spraying openings connected with the fire extinguishing channel; the fire extinguishing unit comprises a spraying pipe, a liquid storage tank, a liquid supply pipeline, a liquid supply pump, a liquid collecting tank, a liquid return pipeline, a liquid return pump and a fire extinguishing controller, the spraying pipe is arranged above the uppermost battery pack in the battery cabin, the liquid storage tank is arranged outside the battery cabin and used for containing fire extinguishing liquid, one end of the liquid supply pipeline is connected with the liquid storage tank, the other end of the liquid supply pipeline is connected with the spraying pipe and all the fire extinguishing liquid inlets respectively, the liquid supply pump is arranged on the liquid supply pipeline, the liquid collecting tank is arranged at the inner bottom of the battery cabin, both ends of the liquid return pipeline are connected with the liquid collecting tank and the liquid storage tank respectively, the liquid return pump is arranged on the liquid return pipeline, and the fire extinguishing controller is communicatively connected with the liquid supply pump, the liquid return pump and all the relays; when the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the fire extinguishing controller first controls the relay in the battery pack to be disconnected, then starts the liquid supply pump to realize spraying and cooling of the battery pack, and then starts the liquid return pump to realize recycling of the fire extinguishing liquid.

[0008] In the energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system provided by the application, the fire extinguishing unit further comprises a water pipe joint connected with municipal fire water, and the water pipe joint is arranged on the liquid supply pipeline.

[0009] In the energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system provided by the application, the liquid storage tank is provided with a heat dissipation device, and the heat dissipation device is communicatively connected with the fire extinguishing controller.

[0010] In the energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system provided by the application, the heat dissipation device is a wind-cooled radiator.

[0011] In the energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system provided by the application, the fire extinguishing liquid is a hydrophilic compound with fire resistance, low ionization degree and low freezing point, and the freezing point is-60-0℃.

[0012] <Scheme II>

[0013] The application further provides a manufacturing method of the energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system, which has the characteristics that the method comprises the following steps:

[0014] The plurality of battery packs are installed in the battery cabin in a multi-layer and multi-column manner;

[0015] The spray pipe is installed above the battery pack on the uppermost layer;

[0016] The liquid storage tank, the liquid supply pump, the spray pipe and the fire-fighting liquid inlet on the lower liquid cooling plate are connected through the liquid supply pipeline;

[0017] The liquid collection tank, the liquid return pump and the liquid storage tank are connected through the liquid return pipeline;

[0018] The fire-fighting controller, the liquid supply pump, the liquid return pump and all relays are connected through the communication line, and thus the manufacturing of the energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire-fighting system is completed.

[0019] Inventive action and effect

[0020] According to the energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire-fighting system, the fire-fighting part comprises a spray pipe, a liquid storage tank, a liquid supply pipeline, a liquid supply pump, a liquid collection tank, a liquid return pipeline, a liquid return pump and a fire-fighting controller, the spray pipe is located in the battery cabin and installed above the battery pack on the uppermost layer; the liquid storage tank is located outside the battery cabin and can hold fire-fighting liquid; one end of the liquid supply pipeline is connected with the liquid storage tank, the other end is connected with the spray pipe and all fire-fighting liquid inlets respectively, the liquid supply pump is arranged on the liquid supply pipeline; the liquid collection tank is arranged at the inner bottom of the battery cabin, the two ends of the liquid return pipeline are connected with the liquid collection tank and the liquid storage tank respectively, the liquid return pump is arranged on the liquid return pipeline; the fire-fighting controller is connected with the liquid supply pump, the liquid return pump and all relays respectively. When the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the fire-fighting controller first controls the relays in the battery pack to be disconnected, then starts the liquid supply pump to realize the spray cooling of the battery pack, and then starts the liquid return pump to realize the recycling of the fire-fighting liquid. On the one hand, the fire-fighting liquid is precisely recycled and sprayed around the battery pack to form a water curtain wall, which quickly extinguishes the fire and cools down, and prevents the thermal expansion, rekindling and explosion of the energy storage system; on the other hand, the recycling of the fire-fighting liquid greatly reduces the consumption of the fire-fighting liquid, saves the material cost, reduces the dependence of the energy storage system on municipal fire water and the pollution to the environment, and expands the use range of the energy storage system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire-fighting system in the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack in the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower liquid cooling plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4is a partial sectional view of a lower liquid cooling plate in an embodiment of the present application; and

[0025] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a principle of an energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system in a modified example of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The concept, specific structure and resulting technical effects of the present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of the present application.

[0027] [EMBODIMENT]

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a principle of an energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system in an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] As shown in Figure 1 , in the present embodiment, the energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system 100 comprises a battery cabin 10, a plurality of battery packs 20 and a fire extinguishing unit 30.

[0030] As shown in Figure 1 , the battery cabin 10 is used to install the battery packs 20.

[0031] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a battery pack in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a lower liquid cooling plate in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a partial sectional view of a lower liquid cooling plate in an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] As shown in Figures 1 to 4 , the plurality of battery packs 20 are installed in the battery cabin 10 in a multi-layer and multi-column manner, and each battery pack 20 is provided with a relay 20a on the power connection line thereof.

[0033] Each battery pack 20 comprises a plurality of battery modules 21, a lower liquid cooling plate 22 installed below the plurality of battery modules 21, and a heat-conducting insulating sheet 23 and an upper liquid cooling plate 24 installed above the pole columns of the plurality of battery modules 21 in sequence from bottom to top.

[0034] In the present embodiment, the lower liquid cooling plate 22 comprises a support bottom plate 221 and a side plate 222. The central part of the support bottom plate 221 is internally formed with a liquid cooling flow channel (not shown in the figure), and the end part of the support bottom plate 221 is provided with a liquid cooling liquid inlet 221a and a liquid cooling liquid outlet 221b respectively communicating with the liquid cooling flow channel. The inside of the left and right side edges of the support bottom plate 221 is internally formed with a fire extinguishing passage 221c, and the lower surface of the support bottom plate 221 is provided with a plurality of spray openings 221d communicating with the fire extinguishing passage 221c, and the end part of the lower liquid cooling plate 221 is provided with a fire extinguishing liquid inlet 221e communicating with the fire extinguishing passage 221c.

[0035] As shown in Figure 1 The fire-fighting part 30 is used for spraying and cooling the multiple battery packs 20 when the battery packs are in thermal runaway, and includes a spraying pipe 31, a liquid storage tank 32, a liquid supply pipeline 33, a liquid supply pump 34, a liquid collection tank 35, a liquid return pipeline 36, a liquid return pump 37, and a fire-fighting controller 38.

[0036] The spraying pipe 31 is located in the battery cabin 10 and is installed above the uppermost layer of battery packs 20.

[0037] The liquid storage tank 32 is located outside the battery cabin 31 and is used for storing fire-fighting liquid; the fire-fighting liquid is a hydrophilic compound with fire-retardant, low ionization, and low freezing point, and has a freezing point of -60-0℃, preferably -40--10℃. In this embodiment, the liquid storage tank 32 is provided with a heat dissipation device 32a, which is preferably an air-cooled radiator.

[0038] One end of the liquid supply pipeline 33 is in communication with the liquid storage tank 32, and the other end is in communication with the spraying pipe 31 and all fire-fighting liquid inlets 221e, respectively.

[0039] The liquid supply pump 34 is arranged on the liquid supply pipeline 33. In this embodiment, the liquid supply pipeline 33 is also provided with a solenoid valve 33a.

[0040] The liquid collection tank 35 is arranged at the inner bottom of the battery cabin 10.

[0041] The liquid return pipeline 36 has two ends in communication with the liquid collection tank 35 and the liquid storage tank 32, respectively.

[0042] The liquid return pump 37 is arranged on the liquid return pipeline 36. In this embodiment, the liquid return pipeline 36 is also provided with a solenoid valve 36a.

[0043] The fire-fighting controller 38 is in communication connection with the liquid supply pump 34, the solenoid valve 33a, the liquid return pump 37, the solenoid valve 36a, all relays 20a, and the heat dissipation device 32a through communication lines, respectively. In this embodiment, a sensor (such as a temperature sensor or a smoke sensor, not shown) installed in the battery cabin 10 or the battery pack 20 is used to monitor whether the battery pack 20 is in thermal runaway in real time, and generates a thermal runaway information when the battery pack is in thermal runaway, and the fire-fighting controller 38 controls the above-mentioned components to work according to the thermal runaway information.

[0044] In this embodiment, the application also provides a manufacturing method for manufacturing the above-mentioned energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire-fighting system 100. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps:

[0045] Step S1, install multiple battery packs 20 in the battery cabin 10 in a multi-layer and multi-column manner.

[0046] Step S2, install the spray pipe 31 above the uppermost battery pack 20.

[0047] Step S3, connect the liquid storage tank 32, the liquid supply pump 34, the spray pipe 31 and the fire-fighting liquid inlet 221e on the lower liquid cooling plate 22 by the liquid supply pipeline 33.

[0048] Step S4, connect the liquid collection tank 35, the liquid return pump 37 and the liquid storage tank 32 by the liquid return pipeline 36.

[0049] Step S5, connect the fire-fighting controller 38, the liquid supply pump 34, the liquid return pump 37 and all the relays 20a by the communication line, thus completing the manufacturing of the energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire-fighting system 100.

[0050] In the embodiment, the working process of the energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire-fighting system 100 is as follows:

[0051] When the inductor detects that the battery pack has thermal runaway, the thermal runaway information is generated, and the fire-fighting controller 38 controls the relays 20a in the battery pack to be disconnected and the electromagnetic valve 33a to be opened according to the thermal runaway information; then the liquid supply pump 34 is started, the fire-fighting liquid is sprayed on the upper surface of the upper liquid cooling plate 24 of the uppermost battery pack 20 and around the battery pack 20 through the spray pipe 20a, and the fire-fighting liquid is sprayed on the upper surface of the upper liquid cooling plate 24 of the lower battery pack 20 and around the battery pack 20 through the spray opening 221d on the lower liquid cooling plate 22, thus forming a water curtain wall around the battery pack 20, so as to realize the spray cooling of the battery pack 20; then the electromagnetic valve 36a is opened, and the liquid return pump 37 is started, so as to pump the fire-fighting liquid collected in the liquid collection tank 35 back into the liquid storage tank 32, thus realizing the recycling of the fire-fighting liquid.

[0052] When the amount of fire-fighting liquid in the liquid storage tank 32 is insufficient or the temperature is too high, the fire-fighting controller 38 starts the heat dissipation device 32a to dissipate the heat of the fire-fighting liquid in the liquid storage tank 32, so as to realize the cooling of the fire-fighting liquid, which is beneficial to the recycling of the fire-fighting liquid.

[0053] Effects of the embodiment

[0054] According to the energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system related to the embodiment, the fire extinguishing part comprises a spray pipe, a liquid storage tank, a liquid supply pipeline, a liquid supply pump, a liquid collection tank, a liquid return pipeline, a liquid return pump and a fire control controller, the spray pipe is located in the battery cabin and is installed above the battery pack on the uppermost layer, the liquid storage tank is located outside the battery cabin and can contain fire extinguishing liquid, one end of the liquid supply pipeline is in communication with the liquid storage tank, the other end is in communication with the spray pipe and all fire extinguishing liquid inlets respectively, the liquid supply pump is arranged on the liquid supply pipeline, the liquid collection tank is arranged at the inner bottom of the battery cabin, the two ends of the liquid return pipeline are in communication with the liquid collection tank and the liquid storage tank respectively, and the liquid return pump is arranged on the liquid return pipeline; the fire control controller is in communication connection with the liquid supply pump, the liquid return pump and all relays respectively. When the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the fire control controller first controls the relays in the battery pack to be disconnected, then starts the liquid supply pump to realize the spray cooling of the battery pack, and then starts the liquid return pump to realize the recycling of the fire extinguishing liquid. On the one hand, the fire extinguishing liquid is precisely sprayed around the battery pack to form a water curtain wall, which quickly extinguishes the fire and cools down, and eliminates the thermal expansion, rekindling and explosion of the energy storage system; on the other hand, the recycling of the fire extinguishing liquid greatly reduces the amount of the fire extinguishing liquid, saves the material cost, reduces the dependence of the energy storage system on municipal fire water and the pollution to the environment, and expands the use range of the energy storage system.

[0055] <Variant>

[0056] The present variant is a further improvement of the embodiment, and the same components as in the embodiment are given the same symbols, and the same description is omitted.

[0057] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system in the variant of the present application.

[0058] As shown in Figure 5 , in the present variant, the energy storage thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system 200 comprises a battery cabin 10, a plurality of battery packs 20 and a fire extinguishing part 230.

[0059] Compared with the fire extinguishing part 30 in the embodiment, the difference of the fire extinguishing part 230 lies in that the fire extinguishing part 230 further comprises a water pipe joint 239 for accessing municipal fire water, which is arranged on the liquid supply pipeline 33. In the present variant, the water pipe joint 239 is provided with a valve 239a and an electromagnetic valve 239b; the valve 239a is a normally closed manual valve; the electromagnetic valve 239b is in communication connection with the fire control controller 38 through a communication line and is opened or closed under the control of the fire control controller 38.

[0060] In the present variant, by arranging the water pipe joint on the liquid supply pipeline, when the amount of fire extinguishing liquid in the liquid storage tank is insufficient or the temperature is too high, municipal fire water can be accessed to continue to spray and cool the battery pack, and the fire hazard can be completely eliminated.

[0061] The above embodiments are preferred cases of the present application and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An energy stored thermal runaway water-based fire suppression system, characterized in that, The application relates to a thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system for energy storage. The application comprises: a battery cabin; a plurality of battery packs arranged in multiple layers and multiple columns in the battery cabin, each battery pack being provided with a relay on a power connection line; and a fire extinguishing unit for spraying and cooling the plurality of battery packs when the battery packs are in thermal runaway, wherein each battery pack comprises a plurality of battery modules, a lower liquid cooling plate arranged below the plurality of battery modules, and a heat-conducting insulating sheet and an upper liquid cooling plate arranged above the plurality of battery modules in sequence from bottom to top, internal fire-fighting channels are formed at both side edges of the lower liquid cooling plate, end portions of the lower liquid cooling plate are provided with fire-fighting liquid inlets in communication with the fire-fighting channels, a lower surface of the lower liquid cooling plate is provided with a plurality of spraying openings in communication with the fire-fighting channels, the fire extinguishing unit comprises a spraying pipe, a liquid storage tank, a liquid supply pipeline, a liquid supply pump, a liquid collecting tank, a liquid return pipeline, a liquid return pump and a fire control unit, the spraying pipe is arranged above the battery pack in the uppermost layer in the battery cabin, the liquid storage tank is arranged outside the battery cabin and used for storing fire-fighting liquid, one end of the liquid supply pipeline is in communication with the liquid storage tank, and the other end is in communication with the spraying pipe and all the fire-fighting liquid inlets, the liquid supply pump is arranged on the liquid supply pipeline, the liquid collecting tank is arranged at the inner bottom of the battery cabin, both ends of the liquid return pipeline are in communication with the liquid collecting tank and the liquid storage tank, the liquid return pump is arranged on the liquid return pipeline, the fire control unit is in communication connection with the liquid supply pump, the liquid return pump and all the relays, when the battery pack is in thermal runaway, the fire control unit first controls the relay in the battery pack to be disconnected, then starts the liquid supply pump to realize spraying and cooling of the battery pack, and then starts the liquid return pump to realize recycling of the fire-fighting liquid. wherein 2. The thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system for energy storage according to claim 1, wherein: the fire extinguishing unit further comprises a water pipe joint connected to municipal fire water, and the water pipe joint is arranged on the liquid supply pipeline. wherein, 3. The thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system for energy storage according to claim 1, wherein: a heat dissipation device is arranged in the liquid storage tank, and the heat dissipation device is in communication connection with the fire control unit. wherein, 4. The thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system for energy storage according to claim 3, wherein: the heat dissipation device is a wind-cooled radiator. wherein, 5. The thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system for energy storage according to claim 1, wherein:

6. A method of manufacturing an energy stored thermal runaway water-based fire suppression system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the fire-fighting liquid is a hydrophilic compound with fire-retardant, low ionization degree and low freezing point, and the freezing point is-60-0 DEG C. The application comprises the following steps: a plurality of battery packs are arranged in multiple layers and multiple columns in a battery cabin; a spraying pipe is arranged above the battery pack in the uppermost layer; a liquid storage tank, a liquid supply pump, the spraying pipe and fire-fighting liquid inlets on a lower liquid cooling plate are connected by a liquid supply pipeline; a liquid collecting tank, a liquid return pump and the liquid storage tank are connected by a liquid return pipeline; a fire control unit, the liquid supply pump, the liquid return pump and all the relays are connected by a communication line, and thus the thermal runaway water-based fire extinguishing system for energy storage is manufactured.

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