A deflected flow centrifugal filter tube and centrifugal filtering method for fertilizer detection

Abstract

The application relates to a deflection type centrifugal filter pipe for fertilizer detection and a centrifugal filtering method, the deflection type centrifugal filter pipe comprising a filter pipe body (1) and an open-close type pipe support (2) arranged outside the filter pipe body (1); the filter pipe body (1) is internally provided with a filter core (11), the filter core (11) divides the filter pipe body (1) into a to-be-filtered cavity (12) and a filtrate cavity (13); the filtrate cavity (13) is in a V shape, the upper portion of one end is provided with the filter core (11), and the other end is provided with a filtrate outlet (131). Compared with the prior art, the application integrates the centrifugal function and the filtering function, can effectively separate the clear liquid and the precipitated particulate matters, can bear a larger centrifugal force, and has excellent filtering effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid-liquid separation technology, and in particular to a deflection centrifugal filter tube and centrifugal filtration method for fertilizer testing. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, common laboratory methods for separating liquids and solid precipitates include centrifugation and filtration. Centrifugation utilizes the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of an object to cause suspended particles to settle or float, thereby concentrating or separating certain particles. Centrifugation is widely used in the separation, concentration, and purification of cells, organelles, viruses, proteins, and other biological macromolecules. Centrifugation typically requires centrifuge tubes, which are tubular sample containers that can be sealed or capped. After centrifugation, the solid particles and liquid within the centrifuge tube are separated, achieving the purpose of separation, purification, and concentration.

[0003] Filtration technology is an operation that separates solids and other substances from liquids (or gases) by allowing liquid (or gas) in a suspension (or containing solid particles) to pass through a filter medium under the action of a driving force or other external force, while the solid particles and other substances are trapped by the filter medium. Filtration technology typically requires the use of filter plates to separate solid particles and liquids.

[0004] Currently, centrifugation or filtration is typically used alone to separate solid suspended particles from liquids. However, this method has several drawbacks: (1) When using centrifugation, the liquid and precipitated particles cannot be well separated or layered within the centrifuge tube. When the upper layer of liquid is drawn, the lower layer of precipitated particles will inevitably be drawn in. (2) When using filtration, other external forces are usually required to improve the filtration effect, such as using a vacuum pump for filtration. These operations place higher demands on the equipment.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies combine centrifugation and filtration techniques, employing a sleeve structure and an upper / lower flow path to promote solid-liquid separation (e.g., CN205659797U, a high-speed centrifugal filter tube; CN204182492U, a centrifugal filter tube; CN205253381U, a centrifugal filter tube). However, these structures and flow paths cannot withstand significant centrifugal forces, thus typically failing to achieve ideal separation and filtration results. Furthermore, quality and safety inspections of agricultural liquid fertilizers often require rapid, convenient, and efficient on-site integrated centrifugal filtration technology. The aforementioned methods clearly cannot meet the demands of rapid on-site centrifugal filtration for agricultural liquid fertilizers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a rapid and convenient on-site centrifugal filtration technology for liquid fertilizer quality and safety testing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a deflection centrifugal filter tube and centrifugal filtration method for fertilizer testing, which can withstand large centrifugal forces and has excellent filtration effect.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: a deflection centrifugal filter tube for fertilizer testing, comprising a filter tube body and an openable tube support disposed on the outside of the filter tube body.

[0008] The filter tube body is equipped with a filter element, which divides the interior of the filter tube body into a chamber to be filtered and a chamber for filtrate.

[0009] The filtrate chamber is V-shaped, with a filter element at the top of one end and a filtrate extraction port at the other end.

[0010] Preferably, the filter element is located at the lower part of one side of the filter chamber, and the height of the solution to be separated in the filter chamber does not exceed the height of the filter element.

[0011] Preferably, the lower part of the filter chamber is conical, and the inner side of the upper part of the filter element is located within the conical area of ​​the filter chamber.

[0012] More preferably, the bottom of the filtration chamber is a sedimentation zone, and the height of the sedimentation zone does not exceed the upper part of the filter element.

[0013] More preferably, the height of the sedimentation zone does not exceed the lowest point of the portion of the filter element located within the conical region of the filter chamber to be filtered.

[0014] Preferably, the filter element is vertically arranged and parallel to the axis of the filtrate chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the filter element has a columnar structure with a plurality of filter holes uniformly arranged thereon, the pore size of which is in the micrometer or millimeter range.

[0016] Preferably, both the filter chamber and the filtrate chamber are made of glass.

[0017] More preferably, the filter tube body includes a container and a bend, the container and the bend are an integral structure of glass fusion, the container and the bend are interconnected, and a filter element is provided between the container and the bend. The filter element is located inside the filter tube body and isolates the interior of the filter tube body into a filter chamber (corresponding to the container part) and a filtrate chamber (corresponding to the bend part) through the filter element.

[0018] Preferably, the filter element comprises porous ceramic. Preferably, the top of the filtration chamber has an opening, and a sealing cap can be detachably installed at the opening.

[0019] Preferably, the bottom of the tube support is in contact with the bottom of the filtrate chamber, and the sides of the tube support are in contact with the sides of the chamber to be filtered and the sides of the filtrate chamber, respectively.

[0020] In this invention, the tube support fits snugly against the sides and bottom of the filter tube body, which can effectively fix and dampen the filter tube body.

[0021] Preferably, the tube support is made of plastic.

[0022] More preferably, the upper part of the tube support is an engineering plastic shell, and the lower part is a foam plastic shock-absorbing zone.

[0023] More preferably, the tube holder comprises two symmetrical parts, and the filter tube body can be removed from the tube holder by separating the two parts.

[0024] More preferably, the tube support comprises two symmetrical and identical parts.

[0025] More preferably, the two parts of the tube support are not connected. After the two parts are attached together, they are placed inside a thin-walled plastic sleeve that matches the shape of the tube support. The outer dimensions of the sleeve are comparable to those of a regular centrifuge tube.

[0026] A centrifugal filtration method for fertilizer testing, using the aforementioned offset-flow centrifugal filter tube, includes the following steps:

[0027] S1: Add the solution to be separated into the filtration chamber inside the filter tube body;

[0028] S2: Place the eccentric centrifugal filter tube into the centrifuge and start the centrifuge to perform centrifugal filtration;

[0029] S3: After centrifugal filtration, remove the filter tube body from the openable tube holder, draw the filtrate from the filtrate extraction port, and then pour out the remaining precipitate particles in the filtration chamber.

[0030] Preferably, in step S3, a pipette or syringe is used to draw filtrate from the filtrate extraction port into the filtrate chamber for subsequent testing and analysis.

[0031] Preferably, in step S3, after centrifugal filtration, the bottom surface of the precipitated particles is higher than the top surface of the filtrate in the filtrate chamber, and the remaining precipitated particles in the filter chamber are located in the sedimentation zone of the filter chamber.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] 1. The centrifugal filter tube of the present invention integrates centrifugation and filtration functions, which can effectively separate clear liquid and precipitated particulate matter, and facilitate subsequent aspiration of the clarified liquid after separation;

[0034] 2. The filter tube body of the present invention has a filter element vertically installed inside. The structure adopts a deflection centrifugal filtration method, which can not only withstand a large centrifugal force, but also avoids the precipitated particles after filtration from re-contacting and mixing with the filtrate on the other side of the filter element in the filter chamber by setting a deflection filtrate chamber, thus having an excellent filtration effect.

[0035] 3. When the solution to be separated contains fine particles or colloidal precipitates, the filter element of the present invention can avoid the dense precipitate areas, thus avoiding contact with a large amount of precipitate and blockage, which would affect the filtration efficiency;

[0036] 4. This invention meets the quality and safety inspection requirements for agricultural liquid fertilizers and satisfies the need for rapid, convenient, and efficient integrated centrifugal filtration of agricultural liquid fertilizers on-site.

[0037] 5. The filter tube body and the openable tube support of the present invention are made of glass and plastic respectively, which are easy to clean and can be reused. Moreover, glass and plastic materials are readily available and inexpensive.

[0038] 6. The centrifuge filter tube of this invention can be used with conventional centrifuges and is easy to use. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the filter tube body of the present invention (the dotted lines in the figure represent tube supports);

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tube support structure of the present invention (the dotted line in the figure represents the filter tube body);

[0041] In the diagram: 1-Filter tube body, 11-Filter element, 12-Cavity to be filtered, 121-Sedimentation zone, 13-Filtrate chamber, 131-Filtrate extraction port, 132-Filtrate, 2-Pipe support, 21-Engineering plastic shell, 22-Foam plastic shock absorption zone. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0043] Example 1

[0044] A deflection centrifugal filter tube for fertilizer testing includes a filter tube body 1 and an openable tube support 2.

[0045] The filter tube body 1 includes a filter element 11, a filter chamber 12, and a filtrate chamber 13. The filter chamber 12 and the filtrate chamber 13 are separated but connected by the filter element 11. During centrifugation, the clarified liquid enters the filtrate chamber 13 through the filter element 11, while the precipitated particles are blocked by the filter element 11 and remain in the filter chamber 12. The openable tube support 2 is located on the outside of the filter tube body 1 to facilitate fixation and shock absorption during centrifugal filtration.

[0046] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the filtrate chamber 13 is V-shaped, with a filter element 11 at one end and a filtrate extraction port 131 at the other end.

[0047] The centrifugal filtration method based on the above-mentioned eccentric centrifugal filter tube includes the following steps:

[0048] S1: Add the solution to be separated into the filter chamber 12 inside the filter tube body 1;

[0049] S2: Place the eccentric centrifugal filter tube into the centrifuge and start the centrifuge to perform centrifugal filtration;

[0050] S3: After centrifugal filtration, remove the filter tube body 1 from the openable tube holder 2, draw the filtrate from the filtrate chamber 13 through the filtrate outlet 131, and then pour out the remaining precipitated particles in the filter chamber 12.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] A bias-flow centrifugal filter tube for fertilizer testing has a filter element 11 located in the lower conical region of one side of the filtration chamber 12. The axis of the filter element 11 is parallel to the axis of the filtration chamber 12, and the height of the solution to be separated in the filtration chamber 12 does not exceed the height of the filter element 11. Furthermore, a filtrate chamber 13 is located below the filter element 11 and the filtration chamber 12, and the bottom surface of the precipitated particles in the filtration chamber 12 is higher than the top surface of the filtrate in the filtrate chamber 13. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] A deflection centrifugal filter tube for fertilizer testing, such as Figure 1 As shown, the filter tube body 1 has a filter element 11 vertically installed inside the filter tube body 1. The filter element 11 has filter holes and divides the interior of the filter tube body 1 into a filter chamber 12 and a filtrate chamber 13. The filtrate chamber 13 is V-shaped, with the filter element 11 at one end and a filtrate extraction port 131 at the other end.

[0055] The filter tube body 1 has an opening at its top. A detachable sealing cap is provided at the top opening of the filter tube body 1. Multiple filter pores are evenly distributed on the filter element 11, with pore sizes in the micrometer or millimeter range. The bottom of the tube support 2 is fitted against the bottom of the filtrate chamber 13, and the sides of the tube support 2 are fitted against the sides of the chamber to be filtered 12, the filter element 11, and the filtrate chamber 13, respectively. The chamber to be filtered 12, the filter element 11, and the filtrate chamber 13 are all made of glass, while the tube support 2 is made of plastic. Figure 2 As shown, the upper part of the openable tube support 2 is an engineering plastic shell 21, and the lower part is a foam plastic shock-absorbing zone 22.

[0056] The centrifugal filtration method based on the above-mentioned eccentric centrifugal filter tube includes the following steps:

[0057] (1) Prepare a filter tube body 1 with a suitable diameter according to the size of the centrifuge capacity, such as 20mL, 50mL, 100mL, etc.; sinter and connect a suitable filter element 11 according to the particle size of the precipitate particles to be centrifuged and filtered, with a pore size of micron or millimeter.

[0058] (2) Add the solution to be separated (i.e. agricultural liquid fertilizer) into the filter chamber 12 inside the filter tube body 1. The liquid level should not exceed the height of the filter element 11 to prevent the solution to be separated from overflowing the filter element 11.

[0059] (3) Place the centrifuge filter tube in the centrifuge, start the centrifuge for centrifugation and filtration, and select the appropriate speed according to the properties of the solution to be separated, such as 800 r / min, 1000 r / min, 1200 r / min, etc.; centrifugation time such as 20 min, 30 min, 40 min, etc.

[0060] (4) After centrifugation and filtration, use a pipette or syringe to draw the filtrate 132 from the filtrate extraction port 131 for subsequent testing and analysis.

[0061] (5) Pour out the precipitated particles in the sedimentation zone 121 of the filter chamber 12 for subsequent testing and analysis, clean the centrifuge filter tube, and let it dry for later use.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] A bias-flow centrifugal filter tube for fertilizer testing includes a vertically arranged filter tube body 1 and a filter element 11 vertically arranged below a filter chamber 12 inside the filter tube body 1. The filter element 11 has filter holes and divides the interior of the filter tube body 1 into a filter chamber 12 and a filtrate chamber 13. The filtrate chamber 13 is V-shaped, with one end connected to the filter element 11 and the other end having a filtrate extraction port 131. During centrifugal filtration, the liquid in the solution to be separated in the filter chamber 12 passes through the filter holes into the filtrate chamber 13, while the remaining precipitate particles remain in the filter chamber 12, achieving solid-liquid separation. Simultaneously, because the filter element 11 is located below the filter chamber 12, the remaining precipitate particles are all located on the side of the filter chamber 12 that is intercepted by the filter element 11, preventing them from re-contacting and mixing with the filtrate on the other side of the filter element 11. The filter tube body 1 is made of glass, and its exterior is made of plastic with an openable tube support 2, which facilitates fixation and shock absorption during centrifugal filtration and helps to achieve better centrifugal filtration results.

[0064] Furthermore, the top of the filter tube body 1 is provided with an opening. The solution to be separated is added into the filtration chamber 12 through the top opening of the filter tube body 1.

[0065] Furthermore, a sealing cap is detachably provided at the top opening of the filter tube body 1.

[0066] Furthermore, the filter element 11 is uniformly provided with a plurality of filter pores, the pore diameter of which is on the order of micrometers or millimeters. The filter element 11 is connected to the bottom of the filter chamber 12 of the filter tube body 1.

[0067] Furthermore, the bottom of the openable tube support 2 is attached to the bottom of the filter tube body 1, and the side of the openable tube support 2 is attached to the side of the filter chamber 12, the side of the filtrate chamber 13, and the side of the filter element 11, respectively.

[0068] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the precipitated particles is higher than the top surface of the filtrate in the filtrate chamber 13, and the remaining precipitated particles in the filter chamber 12 are located in the sedimentation zone 121 of the filter chamber 12.

[0069] Furthermore, the filter tube body 1, the filter chamber 12, the filtrate chamber 13, and the filter element 11 are all made of glass, while the openable tube support 2 is made of plastic. The upper part of the openable tube support 2 is an engineering plastic shell 21, and the lower part is a foam plastic shock-absorbing area 22.

[0070] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deflection-flow centrifugal filter tube for fertilizer testing, characterized in that, It includes a filter tube body (1) and an openable tube support (2) disposed on the outside of the filter tube body (1). The filter tube body (1) is provided with a filter element (11), which divides the interior of the filter tube body (1) into a filter chamber (12) and a filtrate chamber (13). The filtrate chamber (13) is V-shaped, with a filter element (11) at one end and a filtrate extraction port (131) at the other end. The filter element (11) is located on the lower part of one side of the filter chamber (12), and the height of the solution to be separated in the filter chamber (12) does not exceed the height of the filter element (11); The lower part of the filter chamber (12) is conical, and the upper inner side of the filter element (11) is located within the conical area of ​​the filter chamber (12). The filter element (11) has a columnar structure, is vertically arranged, and is parallel to the axis of the filtrate chamber (13).

2. The deflection-flow centrifugal filter tube for fertilizer testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter element (11) is uniformly provided with multiple filter holes, and the pore size of the filter holes is in the micrometer or millimeter range.

3. The deflection-flow centrifugal filter tube for fertilizer testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter chamber (12) and the filtrate chamber (13) are both made of glass.

4. The deflection-flow centrifugal filter tube for fertilizer testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the chamber to be filtered (12) is provided with an opening, and a sealing cover can be detachably installed at the opening.

5. The deflection-flow centrifugal filter tube for fertilizer testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the tube support (2) is in contact with the bottom of the filtrate chamber (13), and the side of the tube support (2) is in contact with the side of the filter chamber (12) and the side of the filtrate chamber (13), respectively.

6. The deflection-flow centrifugal filter tube for fertilizer testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tube support (2) is made of plastic.

7. The deflection-flow centrifugal filter tube for fertilizer testing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper part of the tube support (2) is an engineering plastic shell (21), and the lower part is a foam plastic shock-absorbing area (22).

8. A centrifugal filtration method for fertilizer testing, characterized in that, Using the bias-flow centrifugal filter tube according to any one of claims 1 to 7, the process includes the following steps: S1: Add the solution to be separated into the filter chamber (12) inside the filter tube body (1); S2: Place the eccentric centrifugal filter tube into the centrifuge and start the centrifuge to perform centrifugal filtration; S3: After centrifugation filtration, remove the filter tube body (1) from the tube holder (2), draw the filtrate in the filtrate chamber (13) from the filtrate outlet (131), and then pour out the remaining precipitate particles in the filter chamber (12).

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