Device and method for alleviating micro-air pressure waves in tunnels

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for alleviating micro-air pressure waves in a tunnel, comprising a tunnel, a plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities, an air inlet and a negative pressure pump; a plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities are arranged inside the tunnel body, the plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities are respectively arranged on both sides of the tunnel, an air inlet is arranged on the first-level negative pressure cavity, an electric switch door is arranged at the air inlet, a negative pressure pump is also arranged on the outside of the tunnel body, and the negative pressure pump is connected with the plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities through a pipeline; by arranging a plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities inside the tunnel body, the electric switch doors at the air inlet can be opened in sequence when a train enters the tunnel, so that the negative pressure in the first-level negative pressure cavity draws air in the tunnel, so that a local negative pressure area is formed in the tunnel, thereby offsetting the positive pressure of the pressure wave generated by the train passing through the tunnel; and the opening time of the electric switch door can be controlled by the size of the pressure wave or the size of the train running speed, and the size of the negative pressure in the tunnel can be controlled to adjust the negative pressure state in the tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel segment simulation, and in particular to a device and method for alleviating tunnel micro-pressure waves. Background Art

[0002] Micro pressure waves are air disturbances generated when a train or vehicle passes through a tunnel. Micro pressure waves generated when a train passes through a tunnel at high speed will reduce passenger comfort and cause harm to the train and the surrounding environment.

[0003] At present, the most commonly used and most effective mitigation technology is mainly achieved by changing the structure of the tunnel or train, such as optimizing the head structure of the train, setting up a buffer structure at the tunnel entrance, and installing ventilation shafts and cross passages in the tunnel; a notable feature of these technologies is that after the train and tunnel structures are determined, the overall buffering effect of micro-pressure waves is also fixed. However, as the speed of the train changes, the built structure is difficult to adjust flexibly, which often leads to the existing structure being insufficient or excessive in mitigating micro-pressure waves.

[0004] In view of this, the existing technology still needs to be improved and developed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a device and method for alleviating micro-pressure waves in tunnels, aiming to solve the problem that the existing structure for alleviating micro-pressure waves is fixed and cannot be adjusted with changes in train speed, resulting in insufficient or excessive effect of alleviating micro-pressure waves.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows:

[0007] A device for alleviating micro-air pressure waves in a tunnel, comprising a tunnel, and further comprising:

[0008] A plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities are arranged at intervals inside the tunnel body; and a plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities are arranged on both sides of the tunnel respectively;

[0009] An air inlet is provided on the first-level negative pressure cavity and connects the first-level negative pressure cavity with the tunnel; an electric switch door is provided at the air inlet;

[0010] A negative pressure pump is arranged outside the tunnel; the negative pressure pump is connected to the plurality of primary negative pressure cavities through a pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjacent multiple first-level negative pressure cavities are interconnected, a second-level negative pressure cavity is arranged outside the tunnel, and the second-level negative pressure cavity is arranged between the first-level negative pressure cavity and the negative pressure pump.

[0012] Furthermore, the communicating pipe between the secondary negative pressure chamber and the primary negative pressure chamber is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the communicating pipe between the secondary negative pressure chamber and the negative pressure pump is provided with an electromagnetic valve.

[0013] Furthermore, the first-level negative pressure cavity is arranged inside the tunnel body, and the air inlet is arranged on the first-level negative pressure cavity and embedded in the side wall of the tunnel body to connect the first-level negative pressure cavity with the tunnel.

[0014] Furthermore, the first-level negative pressure cavity is a cavity surrounded by a plurality of sealing plates, and the first-level negative pressure cavity is arranged on the ground of the tunnel.

[0015] Furthermore, the first-level negative pressure chamber is set on the ground in the tunnel by bolts.

[0016] Furthermore, a primary filter is provided at the air inlet of the primary negative pressure cavity.

[0017] Furthermore, a filter valve is provided in the connecting pipe between the secondary negative pressure chamber and the primary negative pressure chamber.

[0018] Furthermore, a train ground communication module is provided in the tunnel for acquiring the position information of the train.

[0019] A method for alleviating micro-air pressure waves in a tunnel, based on the device for alleviating micro-air pressure waves in a tunnel as described above, comprises:

[0020] Multiple first-level negative pressure cavities are arranged at intervals in the tunnel mountain, and each first-level negative pressure cavity is connected to a negative pressure pump outside the tunnel;

[0021] Starting the negative pressure pump to form negative pressure in the first-stage negative pressure chamber;

[0022] The real-time position and running speed of the train are obtained through the train ground communication module installed in the tunnel;

[0023] When the train enters the tunnel, the electric switch door on the first-level negative pressure cavity opens, and the negative pressure of the first-level negative pressure cavity draws air from the tunnel, forming a local negative pressure area in the tunnel.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] In the present invention, a plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities are arranged inside the tunnel body and are arranged at intervals. The plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities are respectively arranged on both sides of the tunnel and are arranged symmetrically. An air inlet is arranged on the first-level negative pressure cavity, and the first-level negative pressure cavity is connected to the tunnel. An electric switch door is arranged at the air inlet to close or open the air inlet. A negative pressure pump is also arranged on the outside of the tunnel. The negative pressure pump is connected to the plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities through a pipeline so that the negative pressure pump can extract the air in the first-level negative pressure cavity to form a negative pressure. By arranging a plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities inside the tunnel, the electric switch doors can be opened in sequence when the train enters the tunnel so that the air inlet is opened, and the negative pressure in the first-level negative pressure cavity extracts the air in the tunnel, so that a local negative pressure area is formed in the tunnel, which offsets the positive pressure of the pressure wave generated by the train passing through the tunnel. In addition, the opening time of the electric switch door can be controlled by the size of the pressure wave or the running speed of the train to control the size of the negative pressure in the tunnel so as to adjust the negative pressure state in the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 The figure is a flow chart of the micro-pressure wave mitigation method of the present invention.

[0028] The numbers in the figure indicate: 1. tunnel; 2. primary negative pressure chamber; 3. electromagnetic valve; 4. secondary negative pressure chamber; 5. negative pressure pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and effect of the present invention clearer and more specific, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, this embodiment provides a device and method for alleviating micro-air pressure waves in tunnels, which can be specifically referred to as follows:

[0033] As attached Figure 1 As shown, a device for alleviating micro-air pressure waves in a tunnel includes a tunnel 1, a plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities 2, an air inlet and a negative pressure pump 5. The interior of the tunnel 1 is provided with a plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities 2, which are arranged at intervals. The plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities 2 are respectively arranged on both sides of the tunnel 1 and are arranged symmetrically. The interior of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 is in a negative pressure state. An air inlet is provided on the first-level negative pressure cavity 2, and the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 is connected to the tunnel 1. An electric switch door is provided at the air inlet to close or open the air inlet. A negative pressure pump 5 is also provided on the outside of the tunnel 1. The negative pressure pump 5 is a prior art. The negative pressure pump 5 is connected to the plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities 2 through a pipeline. connected, so as to draw air inside the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 to form a negative pressure; by setting a plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities 2 inside the mountain of the tunnel 1, when the train enters the tunnel 1, the electric switch door is opened to open the air inlet, and the negative pressure in the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 draws air in the tunnel 1, so that a local negative pressure area is formed in the tunnel 1, which offsets the positive pressure of the pressure wave generated by the train passing through the tunnel 1, thereby alleviating the influence of the micro-pressure wave caused by the train passing through the tunnel; and the opening time of the electric switch door can be controlled by the size of the pressure wave or the speed of the train, so as to control the size of the negative pressure in the tunnel 1, so as to flexibly adjust the negative pressure state in the tunnel 1.

[0034] Specifically, a train ground communication module is provided inside the tunnel 1 for obtaining the real-time position and running speed information of the train and sending it to the computer device inside the tunnel 1; when the train approaches the tunnel 1, the train ground communication module obtains the real-time position and running speed of the train and sends it to the computer device, and then the computer device calculates and judges and sends the switch signal to the electric switch doors of each first-level negative pressure cavity 2 in the tunnel 1, and the multiple electric switch doors are opened in sequence to extract the air in the tunnel 1, so that multiple local negative pressure areas are formed in the tunnel 1, and these local negative pressure areas will offset each other with the positive pressure of the pressure wave generated by the train passing through the tunnel 1, so as to achieve the effect of alleviating the micro-pressure wave; when the train completely drives out of the tunnel 1, the various electric switch doors are automatically closed, and the negative pressure pump 5 is automatically started to extract the air in each first-level negative pressure cavity 2, so that the interior of each first-level negative pressure cavity 2 forms a negative pressure again, ready for the next micro-pressure wave relief.

[0035] Furthermore, after the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 is started, the air in the tunnel 1 can be quickly extracted to make the area near the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 in the tunnel 1 a negative pressure state; through the setting of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2, the positive pressure of the pressure wave brought by the train passing through the tunnel can be quickly offset, thereby alleviating the impact of the micro-air pressure wave.

[0036] Furthermore, when the negative pressure in the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 is insufficient, the negative pressure pump 5 starts automatically and continuously extracts the air inside the first-level negative pressure cavity 2, so that the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 continuously extracts the air in the tunnel 1 to achieve the effect of alleviating micro-pressure waves.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present application, multiple adjacent first-level negative pressure cavities 2 are connected to facilitate the negative pressure pump 5 to evacuate air to form negative pressure in the multiple first-level negative pressure cavities 2; further, a secondary negative pressure cavity 4 is arranged on the outside of the tunnel 1, and the secondary negative pressure cavity 4 is larger than the first-level negative pressure cavity 2. The space size and negative pressure size inside the secondary negative pressure cavity 4 can be set according to the multiple first-level negative pressure cavities 2 connected to it. The secondary negative pressure cavity 4 is connected to the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 through a pipeline, and the pipeline between the secondary negative pressure cavity 4 and the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 3, and the pipeline between the secondary negative pressure cavity 4 and the negative pressure pump 5 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 3. The secondary negative pressure cavity 4 is arranged between the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 and the negative pressure pump 5, and the air extraction end of the negative pressure pump 5 is connected to the secondary negative pressure cavity 4, and the other end of the secondary negative pressure cavity 4 is connected to multiple first-level negative pressure cavities 2, so that the first-level negative pressure cavity 2, the secondary negative pressure cavity 4 and the negative pressure pump 5 are connected in series.

[0038] Specifically, the secondary negative pressure cavity 4 is used to quickly supplement the negative pressure in the primary negative pressure cavity 2. When the train runs at a fast speed and the pressure wave formed by the train is relatively large, the negative pressure formed by the primary negative pressure cavity 2 extracting the air inside the tunnel 1 cannot offset the positive pressure of the pressure wave generated by the train passing through the tunnel 1. The electromagnetic valve 3 between the secondary negative pressure cavity 4 and multiple primary negative pressure cavities 2 is opened, so that the secondary negative pressure cavity 4 is connected to multiple primary negative pressure cavities 2, and the air in the tunnel 1 is synchronously extracted through the primary negative pressure cavity 2 and the secondary negative pressure cavity 4, so that the negative pressure inside the tunnel 1 matches the positive pressure of the pressure wave generated by the train passing through the tunnel 1, thereby offsetting each other.

[0039] In the initial state, there is no negative pressure in the secondary negative pressure chamber 4 and the primary negative pressure chamber 2, the negative pressure pump 5 and the two electromagnetic valves 3 are opened, and the air in the secondary negative pressure chamber 4 and the primary negative pressure chamber 2 is simultaneously extracted to form negative pressure; when there is no negative pressure in the primary negative pressure chamber 2 and the negative pressure in the secondary negative pressure chamber 4 is sufficient, the electromagnetic valve 3 between the secondary negative pressure chamber 4 and the primary negative pressure chamber 2 is opened, so that the secondary negative pressure chamber 4 can supplement the negative pressure to the primary negative pressure chamber 2.

[0040] In this embodiment, a plurality of secondary negative pressure cavities 4 are arranged on the outside of the tunnel 1, and the plurality of secondary negative pressure cavities 4 are respectively connected with the plurality of primary negative pressure cavities 2 to facilitate quick replenishment of the negative pressure in the primary negative pressure cavity 2; and a plurality of secondary negative pressure cavities 4 are arranged at the same time to prevent a single secondary negative pressure cavity 4 from being insufficient to provide appropriate negative pressure to the plurality of primary negative pressure cavities 2 at the same time.

[0041] In this embodiment, the secondary negative pressure cavity 4 is connected to the negative pressure pump 5 outside the tunnel 1 through a pipeline, and the connecting pipeline is provided with an electromagnetic valve 3. The negative pressure pump 5 can be used to extract the air in the secondary negative pressure cavity 4 to make the interior of the secondary negative pressure cavity 4 in a negative pressure state.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present application, the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 is arranged inside the mountain of the tunnel 1, that is, a groove is opened inside the mountain of the tunnel 1, so that the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 is located inside the mountain of the tunnel 1, so as to reduce the occupied area of ​​the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 in the tunnel 1, and at the same time prevent the pressure wave formed when the train passes through the tunnel from affecting the first-level negative pressure cavity 2; the air inlet of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 is used to connect the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 with the tunnel 1, and at the same time, the electric switch door on the air inlet is embedded in the side wall of the tunnel 1, and can slide on the side wall of the tunnel 1 to close or open the air inlet.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first-level negative pressure chambers 2 on both sides of the tunnel 1 are symmetrical to each other, and the air inlets of the two symmetrical first-level negative pressure chambers 2 also correspond to each other, and at the same time face the center of the tunnel 1 to extract air in the tunnel 1. The first-level negative pressure chamber 2 inside the mountain of the tunnel 1 can be connected to the second-level negative pressure chamber 4 on the outside through a pipe inside the tunnel or a pipe arranged inside the mountain of the tunnel 1, so as to facilitate the second-level negative pressure chamber 4 to quickly replenish the negative pressure for the first-level negative pressure chamber 2.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present application, the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 is a cavity surrounded by multiple sealing plates, and the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 is arranged on the ground of the tunnel 1. Platforms are arranged on both sides of the tunnel 1, and multiple first-level negative pressure cavities 2 are respectively and spaced apart on the platforms on both sides of the tunnel 1 to facilitate the fixation of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2. At this time, the air inlet of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 is arranged upward, and the air inlet of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 can also be facing the center of the tunnel 1; when the volume of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 is large, and the top wall of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 is close to the top wall of the tunnel 1, the position of the air inlet can be set on one side of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 to facilitate the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 to extract the air in the tunnel 1, so as to avoid the air inlet of the top wall of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 being too close to the top wall of the tunnel 1, affecting the air extraction rate of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2, thereby affecting the effect of alleviating micro-pressure waves.

[0045] In this embodiment, a fixed connector is provided at the bottom of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2, and the fixed connector is set on the ground of the tunnel 1 by bolts, so as to fix the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 to prevent the pressure wave generated when the train passes through the tunnel from affecting the first-level negative pressure cavity 2.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present application, a primary filter is provided at the air inlet of the primary negative pressure chamber 2, and the primary filter is located on the side of the electric switch door close to the interior of the primary negative pressure chamber 2. The primary filter is used to filter debris in the tunnel 1 to prevent debris from entering the primary negative pressure chamber 2 and blocking the connecting pipe between the primary negative pressure chamber 2 and the negative pressure pump 5 or the secondary negative pressure chamber 4, thereby causing a situation in which reciprocating use is impossible.

[0047] In this embodiment, a filter valve is arranged in the channel between the secondary negative pressure chamber 4 and the primary negative pressure chamber 2. The filter valve belongs to the prior art and can also be called a filter. The filter valve is used to filter fine debris. The filter valve has a higher filtering accuracy than the primary filter net, thereby effectively preventing finer debris from entering the negative pressure pump 5.

[0048] In this embodiment, through the action of the train ground communication module, the real-time position and running speed information of the train can be sent to the computer equipment installed in the tunnel 1. Through the processing system in the computer equipment, it can be judged whether the negative pressure in the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 is sufficient to alleviate the tunnel effect caused by the running speed of the train. If the judgment is passed, at the moment the train enters the tunnel 1, the electric switch door of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 will be instantly opened, forming a relatively low pressure area in the tunnel 1. When the pressure wave generated by the train passing through the tunnel 1 passes through the area, the positive pressure of part of the pressure wave will offset the negative pressure in the area, thereby achieving the effect of alleviating the micro-pressure wave in the tunnel 1; if the judgment is not passed, the electromagnetic valve 3 between the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 and the second-level negative pressure cavity 4 is opened, and the second-level negative pressure cavity 4 quickly supplements the insufficient negative pressure to the first-level negative pressure cavity 2. When the negative pressure in the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 meets the judgment condition, the electromagnetic valve 3 is closed.

[0049] In this embodiment, the electric opening and closing door includes a cylinder and a baffle. The cylinder is arranged inside the first-level negative pressure cavity 2. The extension direction of the cylinder is parallel to the air inlet. The baffle is slidably arranged at the air inlet position of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2, and one side of the baffle is connected to the extension axis of the cylinder. The baffle closes and opens the air inlet through the extension and retraction of the cylinder.

[0050] Working principle:

[0051] In the initial state, there is no negative pressure in the primary negative pressure cavity 2 and the secondary negative pressure cavity 4. When the system starts, the corresponding pressure sensor will feed back the pressure state in the primary negative pressure cavity 2 and the secondary negative pressure cavity 4 to the computer device in the tunnel 1, and then the computer device sends a signal to open the negative pressure pump 5 and all the electromagnetic valves 3, and the negative pressure pump 5 extracts the air in the negative primary negative pressure cavity 2 and the secondary negative pressure cavity 4, so that a certain negative pressure is gradually formed in the primary negative pressure cavity 2 and the secondary negative pressure cavity 4. When the negative pressure in the primary negative pressure cavity 2 or the secondary negative pressure cavity 4 reaches the set pressure, the corresponding electromagnetic valve 3 will automatically close, the negative pressure pump 5 will also stop, and the whole system is in standby mode (in order to timely supplement the insufficient negative pressure of the primary negative pressure cavity 2, the negative pressure in the secondary negative pressure cavity 4 in the standby mode is lower than the negative pressure of the primary negative pressure cavity 2). When the train is about to enter the tunnel 1, the whole system is in the pre-working state, and the real-time position and running speed of the train are obtained through the train ground communication module and sent to the computer equipment in the tunnel. Based on the speed, the whole system will judge whether the pressure in the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 is sufficient to alleviate the tunnel effect caused by the running speed of the train. If the judgment is passed, at the moment when the train enters the tunnel 1, the electric switch door of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 will be instantly opened, forming a relatively low pressure area in the tunnel 1. When the pressure wave generated by the train passing through the tunnel 1 passes through the area, the positive pressure of part of the pressure wave will offset the negative pressure in the area, thereby achieving the effect of alleviating the micro-air pressure wave in the tunnel 1; if the judgment is not passed, the electromagnetic valve 3 between the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 and the second-level negative pressure cavity 4 is opened, so that the second-level negative pressure cavity 4 quickly replenishes the insufficient negative pressure to the first-level negative pressure cavity 2, until the negative pressure in the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 meets the judgment condition, the electromagnetic valve 3 is closed, and the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 repeats the above steps. When the primary negative pressure chamber 2 releases the negative pressure inside it, the electric switch door of the primary negative pressure chamber 2 automatically closes, and at the same time, the electromagnetic valve 3 between the primary negative pressure chamber 2 and the secondary negative pressure chamber 4 opens, and the secondary negative pressure chamber 4 quickly replenishes the negative pressure of the primary negative pressure chamber 2 to the rated pressure, and then waits for the next work; when the negative pressure of the primary negative pressure chamber 2 reaches the rated pressure, the electromagnetic valve 3 automatically closes. When the negative pressure in the secondary negative pressure chamber 4 is consumed to a certain extent, the electromagnetic valve 3 between the negative pressure pump 5 and the secondary negative pressure chamber 4 opens, and the negative pressure pump 5 also opens to replenish the negative pressure for the secondary negative pressure chamber 4. When the negative pressure in the secondary negative pressure chamber 4 reaches the rated negative pressure, the electromagnetic valve 3 and the negative pressure pump 5 automatically close.

[0052] As attached Figure 2 As shown, the present application also provides a method for alleviating micro-air pressure waves in a tunnel, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S100, multiple first-level negative pressure cavities are arranged at intervals in the tunnel mountain, and each first-level negative pressure cavity is connected to a negative pressure pump outside the tunnel;

[0054] A plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities 2 are arranged at intervals on both sides of the tunnel 1, and the plurality of first-level negative pressure cavities 2 are connected to each other, and each first-level negative pressure cavity 2 is connected to a negative pressure pump 5 outside the tunnel 1; at the same time, a second-level negative pressure cavity 4 is also arranged on the outside of the tunnel 1, and the second-level negative pressure cavity 4 is connected to the first-level negative pressure cavity 2.

[0055] S200, starting the negative pressure pump to form negative pressure in the first-level negative pressure chamber;

[0056] In the initial state, there is no negative pressure in the primary negative pressure cavity 2 and the secondary negative pressure cavity 4. When the system starts, the corresponding pressure sensors will feed back the pressure status in the primary negative pressure cavity 2 and the secondary negative pressure cavity 4 to the computer device, and then the computer device sends a signal to open the negative pressure pump 5 and all the electromagnetic valves 3, so that the negative pressure pump 5 draws the air in the negative primary pressure cavity 2 and the secondary negative pressure cavity 4, so that a certain negative pressure is gradually formed in the primary negative pressure cavity 2 and the secondary negative pressure cavity 4.

[0057] S300, obtaining the position and running speed of the train through a train ground communication module arranged in the tunnel;

[0058] The train ground communication module in the tunnel is an existing technology and is connected to a computer arranged in the tunnel 1; the train ground communication module obtains the position and running speed information of the train and sends it to the computer device, and then the computer device calculates and judges and sends the switch signal to each solenoid valve 3 and each electric switch door, and then opens each solenoid valve 3 at an appropriate time to supplement the negative pressure of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2, and also opens the air inlet of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 at an appropriate time to alleviate the pressure wave generated by the train passing through the tunnel.

[0059] S400, when the train enters the tunnel, the electric switch door on the first-level negative pressure cavity opens, the negative pressure of the first-level negative pressure cavity draws air from the tunnel and forms negative pressure in the tunnel.

[0060] When the train reaches the corresponding area of ​​Tunnel 1, the electric switch door of the first-level negative pressure cavity 2 will open instantly, and the air in Tunnel 1 will be extracted through the negative pressure in the first-level negative pressure cavity 2, forming a relatively low-pressure area in Tunnel 1. When the pressure wave generated by the train passing through Tunnel 1 passes through this area, the positive pressure of part of the pressure wave will offset the negative pressure in this area, thereby achieving the effect of alleviating the micro-pressure wave in Tunnel 1.

[0061] Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the schemes disclosed herein. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention that follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not disclosed in this scheme. The description and examples are to be regarded as exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of the present invention are indicated by the claims.

Claims

1. A device for alleviating micro-air pressure waves in a tunnel, comprising a tunnel, characterized in that: Also includes: A plurality of first-level negative pressure chambers are arranged at intervals inside the tunnel body; A plurality of the first-level negative pressure cavities are respectively arranged on both sides of the tunnel, and after the first-level negative pressure cavity is activated, the air in the tunnel can be quickly extracted; An air inlet is provided on the first-level negative pressure cavity and connects the first-level negative pressure cavity with the tunnel; an electric switch door is provided at the air inlet; A negative pressure pump is arranged outside the tunnel; the negative pressure pump is connected to the plurality of primary negative pressure cavities through a pipeline; The adjacent multiple first-level negative pressure cavities are interconnected, a second-level negative pressure cavity is arranged outside the tunnel, the second-level negative pressure cavity is arranged between the first-level negative pressure cavity and the negative pressure pump, and the second-level negative pressure cavity is used to quickly replenish the negative pressure in the first-level negative pressure cavity.

2. The device for alleviating micro-air pressure waves in tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communicating pipe between the secondary negative pressure cavity and the primary negative pressure cavity is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the communicating pipe between the secondary negative pressure cavity and the negative pressure pump is provided with an electromagnetic valve.

3. The device for alleviating micro-air pressure waves in tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-level negative pressure cavity is arranged inside the tunnel body, and the air inlet is arranged on the first-level negative pressure cavity and embedded in the side wall of the tunnel body to connect the first-level negative pressure cavity with the tunnel.

4. The device for alleviating micro-air pressure waves in tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: A primary filter screen is arranged at the air inlet of the primary negative pressure cavity.

5. The device for alleviating micro-air pressure waves in tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communicating pipe between the secondary negative pressure cavity and the primary negative pressure cavity is provided with a filter valve.

6. The device for alleviating micro-air pressure waves in tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: A train ground communication module is provided in the tunnel for acquiring the position information of the train.

7. A method for alleviating micro-air pressure waves in a tunnel, based on the device for alleviating micro-air pressure waves in a tunnel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: include: Multiple first-level negative pressure cavities are arranged at intervals in the tunnel mountain, and each first-level negative pressure cavity is connected to a negative pressure pump outside the tunnel; Starting the negative pressure pump to form negative pressure in the first-stage negative pressure chamber; The real-time position and running speed of the train are obtained through the train ground communication module installed in the tunnel; When the train enters the tunnel, the electric switch doors on the first-level negative pressure cavity open one by one, and the negative pressure of the first-level negative pressure cavity draws air from the tunnel, forming a local negative pressure area in the tunnel.

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