A method and device for optimizing the shape of a right-angle turning slope in a dump

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and device for optimizing the shape of a right-angle turn type slope of a spoil dump, which relates to the technical field of optimization of the shape of the spoil dump slope, including: setting a conical slope at the turn, and constructing a slope model to be optimized with the angle between the connecting surface of the conical slope and the straight slopes on both sides as the optimization variable; constructing a total active earth pressure calculation model on the connecting surface in combination with a preset earth pressure theory; determining a first component force calculation model of the first total active earth pressure in the direction of the free surface of the first slope and a second component force calculation model of the second total active earth pressure in the direction of the free surface of the conical slope; with the goal of maximizing the slope safety factor, determining the target angle between the connecting surfaces based on the first component force calculation model and the second component force calculation model, that is, obtaining the optimal value of the angle between the connecting surface of the conical slope and the straight slopes on both sides. Therefore, the shape optimization of the right-angle turn type slope by the method of the present invention can effectively improve the overall stability of the spoil dump slope.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of dump slope morphology optimization, and in particular to a method and device for optimizing the morphology of a right-angle turn slope of a dump. Background Art

[0002] Open-pit mining is one of the main mining methods for coal mining. Open-pit mining produces a large amount of broken rock and soil. These loose and broken rock and soil are often transported outside the mining site and piled up, thus forming a spoil dump. The stability of the spoil dump slope is crucial to the safe production of the mine, and the slope shape is one of the key factors affecting the stability of the spoil dump slope. Due to the influence of the spoil dump site, the spatial morphology of the spoil dump slope is diverse, among which the right-angle turn slope is more common in the spoil dump slope.

[0003] The right-angle turn slope is a convex slope. Different from the straight slope in the spoil dump, the lateral earth pressure at the turn of the right-angle turn slope makes the stability of the right-angle turn slope lower than that of the straight slope. Traditional spoil dump slope morphology optimization methods mostly focus on the optimization of two-dimensional geometric parameters, such as step parameters, slope height, slope angle and other parameters, and do not consider the morphology optimization of the right-angle turn slope. Therefore, the stability of the right-angle turn slope is poor and there is a high risk of landslide. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for optimizing the shape of a right-angle turn slope in a spoil dump, so as to alleviate the technical problems of poor stability and high landslide risk of existing right-angle turn slopes.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for optimizing the shape of a right-angle turn type slope of a spoil dump, comprising: setting a conical slope at a right-angle turn of the right-angle turn type slope of the spoil dump, constructing a slope model to be optimized with the angle between the conical slope and the connecting surface of the straight slopes on both sides as an optimization variable; obtaining the slope height and slope length of the straight slopes on both sides in the slope model to be optimized; processing the angle between the connecting surfaces, the slope height and the slope length based on a preset earth pressure theory to obtain a total active earth pressure calculation model on the connecting surface; determining the first total active earth pressure on the first slope based on the total active earth pressure calculation model A first component force calculation model of a free surface direction of a conical slope, and a second component force calculation model of a second total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of a conical slope; wherein the first total active earth pressure represents the total active earth pressure of the conical slope acting on the first slope through a connecting surface, and the first slope represents any one of the straight slopes on both sides; the second total active earth pressure represents the total active earth pressure of the first slope acting on the conical slope through a connecting surface; with the goal of maximizing the slope safety factor, a target angle between the connecting surfaces is determined based on the first component force calculation model and the second component force calculation model.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, the angle between the connecting surfaces, the slope height and the slope length are processed based on a preset earth pressure theory to obtain a calculation model for the total active earth pressure on the connecting surface, including: obtaining a depth without lateral earth pressure and a height model of a target soil strip; wherein the target soil strip represents any unit soil strip on the connecting surface; processing the height model according to a preset earth pressure theory to obtain a first calculation model of the lateral earth pressure on the target soil strip on the connecting surface; determining a total active earth pressure calculation model for the target soil strip based on the first calculation model, the height model and the depth without lateral earth pressure; integrating the total active earth pressure calculation model for the target soil strip to obtain a total active earth pressure calculation model for the connecting surface.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, obtaining the depth of no lateral earth pressure includes: constructing a second calculation model for the lateral earth pressure to which the soil unit of the slope model to be optimized is subjected at a specified burial depth according to a preset earth pressure theory; and calculating the burial depth when the result of the second calculation model is 0, and using it as the depth of no lateral earth pressure.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, a first component calculation model of the first total active earth pressure in the direction of the free surface of the first slope and a second component calculation model of the second total active earth pressure in the direction of the free surface of the conical slope are determined based on the total active earth pressure calculation model, including: decomposing the first total active earth pressure into a component force pointing to the inside of the first slope and a component force pointing to the free surface of the first slope; decomposing the second total active earth pressure into a component force pointing to the inside of the conical slope and a component force pointing to the free surface of the conical slope; and determining the first component calculation model and the second component calculation model based on the total active earth pressure calculation model and the geometric position relationship between the component forces.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, with the goal of maximizing the slope safety factor, the target angle between the connecting surfaces is determined based on the first force component calculation model and the second force component calculation model, including: calculating the angle between the connecting surfaces of the conical slope and the straight slopes on both sides when the first force component calculation model is equal to twice the second force component calculation model, and using it as the target angle.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a device for optimizing the morphology of a right-angle turn type slope of a spoil dump, comprising: a construction module, used to set a conical slope at the right-angle turn of the right-angle turn type slope of the spoil dump, and construct a slope model to be optimized with the angle between the conical slope and the connecting surface of the straight slopes on both sides as the optimization variable; an acquisition module, used to obtain the slope height and slope length of the straight slopes on both sides in the slope model to be optimized; a processing module, used to process the angle between the connecting surfaces, the slope height and the slope length based on a preset earth pressure theory, and obtain a total active earth pressure calculation model on the connecting surface; a first determination module, used to determine a first A first component force calculation model of the total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of the first slope, and a second component force calculation model of the second total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of the conical slope; wherein the first total active earth pressure represents the total active earth pressure of the conical slope acting on the first slope through the connecting surface, and the first slope represents any one of the straight slopes on both sides; the second total active earth pressure represents the total active earth pressure of the first slope acting on the conical slope through the connecting surface; a second determination module, for determining the target angle between the connecting surfaces based on the first component force calculation model and the second component force calculation model with the goal of maximizing the slope safety factor.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the processing module includes: an acquisition unit, used to acquire a depth of no lateral earth pressure and a height model of a target soil strip; wherein the target soil strip represents any unit soil strip on the connection surface; a processing unit, used to process the height model according to a preset earth pressure theory to obtain a first calculation model of the lateral earth pressure exerted on the target soil strip on the connection surface; a first determination unit, used to determine a total active earth pressure calculation model of the target soil strip based on the first calculation model, the height model and the depth of no lateral earth pressure; an integration unit, used to integrate the total active earth pressure calculation model of the target soil strip to obtain the total active earth pressure calculation model on the connection surface.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the acquisition unit is specifically used to: construct a second calculation model of the lateral earth pressure exerted on the soil unit of the slope model to be optimized at a specified burial depth based on a preset earth pressure theory; calculate the burial depth when the result of the second calculation model is 0, and use it as the depth without lateral earth pressure.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for optimizing the right-angle turn slope morphology of a spoil dump described in any one of the aforementioned embodiments are implemented.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the method for optimizing the right-angle turn slope morphology of a spoil dump described in any one of the aforementioned embodiments is implemented.

[0015] The present invention proposes a method for optimizing the shape of a right-angle turn slope of a spoil dump based on the optimization of two-dimensional geometric parameters of the spoil dump slope. First, a conical slope is set at the turn, and a slope model to be optimized is constructed with the angle between the connecting surface of the conical slope and the straight slopes on both sides as the optimization variable. Then, a total active earth pressure calculation model on the connecting surface is constructed in combination with a preset earth pressure theory. Next, a first component force calculation model of the first total active earth pressure in the direction of the free surface of the first slope and a second component force calculation model of the second total active earth pressure in the direction of the free surface of the conical slope are determined. Finally, with the goal of maximizing the slope safety factor, the target angle between the connecting surfaces is determined based on the first component force calculation model and the second component force calculation model, that is, the optimal value of the angle between the connecting surface of the conical slope and the straight slopes on both sides is obtained. Therefore, the shape optimization of the right-angle turn slope by the method of the present invention can effectively improve the overall stability of the spoil dump slope, and at the same time, it can also reduce the area occupied at the right-angle turn of the spoil dump and save land resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for optimizing the right-angle turn slope shape of a dump provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A simplified diagram of the optimization of the right-angle turn slope shape of a spoil dump slope provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the pressure distribution of the target soil strip on the connection surface;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the decomposition of the first total active earth pressure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the decomposition of the second total active earth pressure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the model before optimization of the right-angle turn slope of the dump site;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the model after optimization of the right-angle turn slope of the spoil dump;

[0024] Figure 8 It is the relationship diagram between the angle α and the safety factor FOS under different slope angles;

[0025] Fig. 9 A functional module diagram of a device for optimizing the right-angle turn slope shape of a dump provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0028] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Some embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0030] In the prior art, the morphology optimization of the turning slope is often carried out by optimizing the turning angle, turning radius and slope angle, thereby improving the stability of the turning slope. However, the right-angle turning slope of the spoil dump is a convex slope, and its turning angle (90°) cannot be changed. Moreover, after the slope angles of the two sides are optimized to reasonable values, optimizing the turning radius has almost no effect on the stability of the slope. In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention, based on the optimization of the geometric parameters of the spoil dump slope (including: slope height, slope angle, step parameters), proposes a method for optimizing the morphology of the right-angle turning slope of the spoil dump to reduce the adverse effects of the lateral soil pressure on the right-angle turning slope of the spoil dump, so as to improve the overall stability of the right-angle turning slope of the spoil dump.

[0031] Embodiment 1

[0032] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for optimizing the right-angle turn slope shape of a dump provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown, the method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0033] Step S102, setting a conical slope at the right-angle turn of the right-angle turn slope of the spoil dump, and constructing a slope model to be optimized with the angle between the conical slope and the connecting surface of the straight slopes on both sides as the optimization variable.

[0034] It should be noted that before optimizing the right-angle turn slope morphology in the embodiment of the present invention, the slope height, slope angle and step parameters of the straight slopes on both sides are all fixed values. The above parameter values ​​can be the values ​​optimized by the existing slope optimization method. By executing the morphology optimization method proposed in the present invention, the stability of the slope can be further optimized.

[0035] In order to optimize the shape of a right-angle turn slope, an embodiment of the present invention proposes to set a conical slope at the right-angle turn, and the conical slope generates two connecting surfaces with the straight slopes on both sides respectively. The overall stability of the slope is improved by setting the angle between the connecting surfaces of the conical slope and the straight slopes on both sides to an optimal value. Figure 2A simplified diagram of the optimization of the right-angle turn slope shape of a dump slope provided by an embodiment of the present invention (without considering the dumping step) is shown as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the slope model to be optimized consists of straight slopes on both sides and a tapered slope, and the angle α between the connecting surfaces of the tapered slope and the straight slopes on both sides is the optimization variable of the model.

[0036] Step S104, obtaining the slope height and slope length of the straight slopes on both sides of the slope model to be optimized.

[0037] refer to Figure 2 The slope angle of the straight slopes on both sides is β, the slope height is H, the slope length is l1, and the slope length of the conical slope is l2 (unknown parameter). Through the geometric position relationship of the conical slope at the right-angle turn, it can be known that l2=l1 / cos(45°-α / 2).

[0038] Step S106, processing the angle, slope height and slope length between the connection surfaces based on the preset earth pressure theory to obtain a calculation model for the total active earth pressure on the connection surfaces.

[0039] By analyzing the forces between the slopes in the slope model to be optimized, it can be known that the dominant factor affecting the slope stability of the slope model to be optimized is the component force of the lateral earth pressure on the conical slope and the straight slopes on both sides on their respective free surfaces. Therefore, in order to obtain the calculation model of the component force, the embodiment of the present invention first needs to determine the calculation model of the total active earth pressure on the connecting surface. Specifically, the angle, slope height and slope length between the connecting surfaces are processed using the preset earth pressure theory to obtain the calculation model of the total active earth pressure on the connecting surface. The embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the preset earth pressure theory, and the user can select any earth pressure theory according to actual needs, such as the Rankine earth pressure theory and the Coulomb earth pressure theory.

[0040] Step S108, determining a first component calculation model of the first total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of the first slope and a second component calculation model of the second total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of the conical slope based on the total active earth pressure calculation model.

[0041] The first total active earth pressure refers to the total active earth pressure of the conical slope acting on the first slope through the connecting surface, and the first slope refers to any one of the straight slopes on both sides; the second total active earth pressure refers to the total active earth pressure of the first slope acting on the conical slope through the connecting surface.

[0042] The invention of the embodiment of the present invention aims to optimize the shape of the right-angle turning slope of the dump with the same slope angle and slope height on both sides, so that the total active earth pressure (that is, the first total active earth pressure) of the conical slope acting on the first slope through the connecting surface (between the first slope) and the total active earth pressure (recorded as the third total active earth pressure) of the conical slope acting on the second slope through the connecting surface (between the second slope) are equal in value, and the first total active earth pressure is also equal in value to the second total active earth pressure, wherein the second slope represents another straight slope other than the first slope in the straight slopes on both sides. Therefore, the first component force calculation model of the first total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of the first slope is equal to the third component force calculation model of the third total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of the second slope, that is, the first slope has the same stability as the second slope.

[0043] Therefore, the stability study of the slope model to be optimized can be simplified to the study of the stability of the first slope and the tapered slope. After obtaining the calculation model of the total active earth pressure on the connection surface, from the perspective of affecting the stability of the slope, the components of the total active earth pressure on the tapered slope and the first slope on their respective free surfaces are calculated to obtain the first component calculation model and the second component calculation model.

[0044] Step S110, with the goal of maximizing the slope safety factor, determining the target angle between the connection surfaces based on the first component force calculation model and the second component force calculation model.

[0045] It is known that the smaller the first component of the first total active earth pressure in the direction of the free surface of the first slope, the more stable the first slope and the greater the slope safety factor; the smaller the second component of the second total active earth pressure in the direction of the free surface of the conical slope, the more stable the conical slope and the greater the slope safety factor. And according to the force analysis, it can be known that the first component and the second component are negatively correlated. Therefore, the example of the present invention aims to maximize the slope safety factor, and determines the optimal value of the angle between the conical slope and the connecting surface of the straight slopes on both sides according to the first component calculation model and the second component calculation model, that is, the target angle, so that the force in the free surface direction of the first slope and the force in the free surface direction of the conical slope reach a relative equilibrium state, thereby obtaining a right-angle turn slope with optimized shape.

[0046] The embodiment of the present invention proposes a method for optimizing the shape of a right-angle turn slope of a spoil dump based on the optimization of the two-dimensional geometric parameters of the spoil dump slope. First, a conical slope is set at the turn, and a slope model to be optimized is constructed with the angle between the connecting surface of the conical slope and the straight slopes on both sides as the optimization variable. Then, a total active earth pressure calculation model on the connecting surface is constructed in combination with the preset earth pressure theory. Next, a first component force calculation model of the first total active earth pressure in the direction of the free surface of the first slope and a second component force calculation model of the second total active earth pressure in the direction of the free surface of the conical slope are determined. Finally, with the goal of maximizing the slope safety factor, the target angle between the connecting surfaces is determined based on the first component force calculation model and the second component force calculation model, that is, the optimal value of the angle between the connecting surface of the conical slope and the straight slopes on both sides is obtained. Therefore, the shape optimization of the right-angle turn slope by the method of the present invention can effectively improve the overall stability of the spoil dump slope, and at the same time, it can also reduce the area occupied at the right-angle turn of the spoil dump and save land resources.

[0047] In an optional implementation, the above step S106 processes the angle, slope height and slope length between the connection surfaces based on a preset earth pressure theory to obtain a total active earth pressure calculation model on the connection surface, specifically including the following steps:

[0048] Step S1061, obtaining a model of the depth without lateral earth pressure and the height of a target soil strip.

[0049] The target soil strip represents any unit soil strip on the connection surface.

[0050] Specifically, to determine the calculation model of the total active earth pressure on the connection surface, the embodiment of the present invention first analyzes the target soil strip (that is, the tiny soil strip) on the connection surface, determines the calculation model of the total active earth pressure of the target soil strip, and then integrates it to obtain the calculation model of the total active earth pressure on the connection surface.

[0051] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the pressure distribution of the target soil strip on the connection surface shows that according to the earth pressure theory, the lateral earth pressure distribution of the target soil strip with a height of h is a triangle, and the base p of the triangle is a (h) is equal to the value of the lateral earth pressure on the target soil unit with a burial depth of h. The height of the triangle is equal to (h-h0), where h0 represents the depth without lateral earth pressure of the slope model to be optimized. The total active earth pressure of the target soil strip is the area of ​​the triangle and can be equivalent to the concentrated force E a Acts at a distance of (h-h0) / 3 from the base.

[0052] Therefore, to determine the total active earth pressure calculation model of the target soil mass slice, the depth h0 of zero lateral earth pressure and the height model of the target soil mass slice should be obtained first. Given that the connection surface between the conical slope and the two straight side slopes is triangular, according to the spatial position of the target soil mass slice in the connection surface, the height model of the target soil mass slice can be determined by trigonometric functions as follows: 0 < x < l2, where l2 = l1 / cos(45° - α / 2), H represents the slope height of the straight slope, l2 represents the slope length of the conical slope, and l1 represents the slope length of the straight slope.

[0053] Step S1062, process the height model according to the preset earth pressure theory to obtain the first calculation model of the lateral earth pressure received by the target soil mass slice on the connection surface.

[0054] Taking the Rankine earth pressure theory as an example of the preset earth pressure theory, the first calculation model of the lateral earth pressure received by the target soil mass slice is expressed as: where K a represents the active earth pressure coefficient, γ represents the unit weight of soil, and c represents the cohesion. The above parameters are all known soil property parameters. Moreover, in the embodiment of the present invention, when adopting the Rankine earth pressure theory, it is assumed that: the connection surface between the conical slope and the two straight side slopes is a rigid smooth connection surface, which does not transfer vertical shear stress, and the tensile strength of the soil is assumed to be 0.

[0055] Step S1063, based on the first calculation model, the height model, and the depth of zero lateral earth pressure, determine the total active earth pressure calculation model of the target soil mass slice.

[0056] Based on the description above, it can be known that the distribution of the lateral earth pressure received by the target soil mass slice is triangular, and the area of this triangle is the total active earth pressure of the target soil mass slice. Therefore, according to the triangle area formula, the total active earth pressure calculation model of the target soil mass slice can be determined as:

[0057]

[0058] Step S1064, perform integral processing on the total active earth pressure calculation model of the target soil mass slice to obtain the total active earth pressure calculation model on the connection surface.

[0059] That is, the total active earth pressure calculation model E on the connection surface is calculated by the following formula: Substitute l2 = l1 / cos(45° - α / 2) into it to get: And E acts on the centroid of the connection surface.

[0060] In an alternative embodiment, in the above step S1061, obtaining the depth of zero lateral earth pressure specifically includes the following steps:

[0061] Step S10611: construct a second calculation model of the lateral earth pressure on the soil unit of the slope model to be optimized at a specified burial depth according to a preset earth pressure theory.

[0062] Step S10612, calculating the burial depth when the result of the second calculation model is 0, and taking it as the depth without lateral earth pressure.

[0063] Taking the Rankine earth pressure theory as an example, according to the Rankine active earth pressure calculation formula, the second calculation model of the lateral earth pressure on the soil unit when the burial depth is z is expressed as: Where z represents the burial depth, represents the internal friction angle.

[0064] Since the connection surface is smooth and the tensile strength of the soil is 0, the depth of no lateral earth pressure h0 can be calculated by the following formula: get

[0065] In an optional implementation, the above step S108, based on the total active earth pressure calculation model, determines a first component calculation model of the first total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of the first slope, and a second component calculation model of the second total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of the conical slope, specifically includes the following steps:

[0066] Step S1081, decomposing the first total active earth pressure into a component force directed to the interior of the first slope body and a component force directed to the free surface of the first slope body.

[0067] Step S1082: decompose the second total active earth pressure into a force component directed toward the interior of the conical slope and a force component directed toward the free surface of the conical slope.

[0068] Step S1083, determining a first force component calculation model and a second force component calculation model based on the total active earth pressure calculation model and the geometric position relationship between the force components.

[0069] Figure 4 A first total active earth pressure decomposition schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 The second total active earth pressure decomposition diagram provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figures 4 to 5In the embodiment of the present invention, the first total active earth pressure F is decomposed into F1 and F2, and the second total active earth pressure F' is decomposed into F3 and F4, wherein F1 points to the inside of the first slope, so it can be offset inside the straight slope; F2 points to the free surface of the first slope and cannot be offset. Obviously, if F2 increases, the sliding force along the slope surface will increase, which is not conducive to the stability of the slope; F3 points to the inside of the conical slope, and the F3 of the straight slopes on both sides acting on the conical slope can offset each other; F4 points to the free surface of the conical slope, and the F4 of the straight slopes on both sides acting on the conical slope cannot be offset, but will be superimposed, so that the sliding force along the slope surface increases, which is not conducive to the stability of the slope.

[0070] Therefore, after obtaining the calculation model of the total active earth pressure on the connection surface, according to the geometric position relationship of each component force, through trigonometric calculation, it can be obtained The values ​​of the first total active earth pressure F and the second total active earth pressure F' can be calculated by the total active earth pressure calculation model on the connection surface. Therefore, the first component force calculation model is expressed as: The second force calculation model is expressed as:

[0071]

[0072] In an optional implementation, the above step S110, with the goal of maximizing the slope safety factor, determines the target angle between the connection surfaces based on the first force component calculation model and the second force component calculation model, and specifically includes the following contents:

[0073] When the calculation model of the first component force is equal to twice the calculation model of the second component force, the angle between the connecting surface of the tapered slope and the straight slopes on both sides is calculated and used as the target angle.

[0074] It is known that F2 acts on the first slope and F4 acts on the tapered slope. Both are unfavorable factors affecting the stability of the slope. When α = 0, the straight slopes on both sides are directly connected, F2 is the largest, and F4 does not exist. As α increases, F2 decreases, which is conducive to the stability of the straight slopes on both sides, but as α increases, F4 increases, which is not conducive to the stability of the tapered slope. Therefore, there must be an intermediate value in the process of α from 0° to 90°, which can reduce F2, which is conducive to the stability of the straight slopes on both sides, while F4 does not increase too much to ensure the stability of the tapered slope.

[0075] Since the straight slopes on both sides will generate a force F4 on the conical slope, and these two forces are directed toward the free surface of the conical slope, with the same direction and value, and superimposed on each other, the value of the force on the conical slope in the direction of the free surface is 2F4.

[0076] It can be seen that when the force of the first slope pointing to the free surface is the same as the force of the conical slope pointing to the free surface, the adverse effect of the lateral earth pressure on the slope is the lowest, and the overall stability of the right-angle turn slope of the spoil dump is the highest. That is, by setting F2 = 2F4, the optimal value of the angle α can be obtained. If F2 = 2F4, then in, The solution is α=29.28°, which can be approximated to 30° for the convenience of actual construction.

[0077] That is to say, after using the existing method to optimize the two-dimensional parameters of the slope height, slope angle and other right-angle turn type slopes of the spoil dump, by setting a conical slope at the right-angle turn of the spoil dump slope, and setting the angle between the conical slope and the connecting surface of the straight slopes on both sides to 30°, the adverse effects of lateral earth pressure can be reduced to a certain extent, thereby achieving the purpose of further improving the overall stability of the spoil dump slope. Moreover, compared with the turning form in which the straight slopes on both sides are directly connected, the spoil dump area of ​​the slope optimized by the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention is reduced, which can effectively save land resources. In addition, it should be noted that for the spoil dump slope with multiple right-angle turn slopes, the method of this invention is still applicable.

[0078] In order to verify the technical effect of the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention is used to optimize the slope morphology at the right-angle turn of the slope of a mine spoil dump based on the Rankine earth pressure theory. After the geometric parameters of the slope of this spoil dump are optimized, the optimal slope angle of the slopes on both sides is 23°, the slope height is 100m, and there are four levels of spoil dump steps. The optimized slope geometric parameters are shown in Table 1, and there is a right-angle turn slope. In order to improve the accuracy of the model calculation, referring to the research of previous scholars, the numerical calculation model needs to control the distance from the slope foot and slope shoulder to the boundary to not less than 200m, and the distance between the upper and lower boundaries to not less than 200m. The mechanical parameters related to the deposited soil and bedrock adopt the values ​​in Table 2. The numerical simulation software FLAC 3D The slope safety factor is calculated using the strength reduction method.

[0079] Table 1 Geometric parameters of dump slope

[0080]

[0081] Table 2 Physical and mechanical parameters of rocks in different formations

[0082]

[0083] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the model of the right-angle turn slope of the spoil dump before optimization. Before optimization, the slope safety factor was 1.61. Figure 7The schematic diagram of the model of the right-angle turn slope of the spoil dump after optimization. After optimization, the slope safety factor is 1.66. Obviously, the safety factor of the optimized spoil dump is improved compared with that before optimization. Moreover, it can be calculated that the area occupied by the optimized spoil dump is reduced by about 3600m 2 .

[0084] In addition, based on the slope of the dump, ignoring the dump steps, three sets of numerical calculation models were established. The first set has a slope angle of 23°; the second set has a slope angle of 26°; and the third set has a slope angle of 29°. Each set of models contains four models with angles α of 0, 30°, 60°, and 90°, respectively. The safety factors of the three sets of models are calculated, and the calculation results are as follows: Figure 8 shown.

[0085] according to Figure 8 It can be seen that the main influencing factor affecting the stability of the right-angle turn slope in the spoil dump slope is the slope angle β of the straight slopes on both sides. As the slope angle β increases, the slope safety factor FOS decreases significantly; the angle α is a secondary factor affecting the stability of the slope. When the slope angle β remains unchanged, the safety factor calculated by the model with angle α=30° is the largest. The above numerical calculation results verify the technical effect of the optimization method proposed in the embodiment of the present invention, that is, by setting a tapered turn slope and setting the angle between the tapered turn slope and the straight slope to 30°, the overall stability of the spoil dump slope is improved.

[0086] Embodiment 2

[0087] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a device for optimizing the right-angle turn type slope morphology of a spoil dump, which is mainly used to execute the right-angle turn type slope morphology optimization method of a spoil dump provided in the above-mentioned embodiment one. The following is a specific introduction to the device for optimizing the right-angle turn type slope morphology of a spoil dump provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0088] Fig. 9 is a functional module diagram of a right-angle turn slope morphology optimization device for a dump provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the device mainly includes: a construction module 10, an acquisition module 20, a processing module 30, a first determination module 40, and a second determination module 50, wherein:

[0089] Construction module 10 is used to set a conical slope at the right-angle turn of the right-angle turn slope of the spoil dump, and construct a slope model to be optimized with the angle between the conical slope and the connecting surface of the straight slopes on both sides as the optimization variable.

[0090] The acquisition module 20 is used to obtain the slope height and slope length of the straight slopes on both sides of the slope model to be optimized.

[0091] The processing module 30 is used to process the angle, slope height and slope length between the connection surfaces based on the preset earth pressure theory to obtain a calculation model of the total active earth pressure on the connection surface.

[0092] The first determination module 40 is used to determine a first component calculation model of the first total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of the first slope, and a second component calculation model of the second total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of the conical slope based on the total active earth pressure calculation model; wherein the first total active earth pressure represents the total active earth pressure of the conical slope acting on the first slope through the connecting surface, and the first slope represents any one of the straight slopes on both sides; the second total active earth pressure represents the total active earth pressure of the first slope acting on the conical slope through the connecting surface.

[0093] The second determination module 50 is used to determine the target angle between the connection surfaces based on the first force component calculation model and the second force component calculation model with the goal of maximizing the slope safety factor.

[0094] Based on the optimization of the two-dimensional geometric parameters of the slope of the spoil dump, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a device for optimizing the shape of the right-angle turn type slope of the spoil dump. First, a conical slope is set at the turn, and a slope model to be optimized is constructed with the angle between the connecting surface of the conical slope and the straight slopes on both sides as the optimization variable. Then, a total active earth pressure calculation model on the connecting surface is constructed in combination with the preset earth pressure theory. Next, the first component calculation model of the first total active earth pressure in the direction of the free surface of the first slope and the second component calculation model of the second total active earth pressure in the direction of the free surface of the conical slope are determined. Finally, with the goal of maximizing the safety factor of the slope, the target angle between the connecting surfaces is determined based on the first component calculation model and the second component calculation model, that is, the optimal value of the angle between the connecting surface of the conical slope and the straight slopes on both sides is obtained. Therefore, the shape optimization of the right-angle turn type slope by the device of the present invention can effectively improve the overall stability of the spoil dump slope, and at the same time, it can also reduce the area occupied at the right-angle turn of the spoil dump and save land resources.

[0095] Optionally, the processing module 30 includes:

[0096] The acquisition unit is used to obtain the depth of no lateral earth pressure and the height model of the target soil strip; wherein the target soil strip represents any unit soil strip on the connection surface.

[0097] The processing unit is used to process the height model according to a preset earth pressure theory to obtain a first calculation model of the lateral earth pressure on the target soil strip on the connection surface.

[0098] The first determination unit is used to determine a total active earth pressure calculation model of a target soil body strip based on the first calculation model, the height model and the depth without lateral earth pressure.

[0099] The integral unit is used to integrate the total active earth pressure calculation model of the target soil strip to obtain the total active earth pressure calculation model on the connection surface.

[0100] Optionally, the acquisition unit is specifically used for:

[0101] A second calculation model for the lateral earth pressure on the soil unit of the slope model to be optimized at a specified burial depth is constructed according to the preset earth pressure theory.

[0102] The buried depth when the result of the second calculation model is 0 is calculated to be regarded as the depth without lateral earth pressure.

[0103] Optionally, the first determining module 40 is specifically configured to:

[0104] The first total active earth pressure is decomposed into a component force pointing to the interior of the first slope and a component force pointing to the free surface of the first slope.

[0105] The second total active earth pressure is decomposed into a component pointing to the inside of the conical slope and a component pointing to the free surface of the conical slope.

[0106] Based on the total active earth pressure calculation model and the geometric position relationship between the component forces, the first component force calculation model and the second component force calculation model are determined.

[0107] Optionally, the second determining module 50 is specifically configured to:

[0108] When the calculation model of the first component force is equal to twice the calculation model of the second component force, the angle between the connecting surface of the tapered slope and the straight slopes on both sides is calculated and used as the target angle.

[0109] Embodiment 3

[0110] See also Fig.10 An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes: a processor 60, a memory 61, a bus 62 and a communication interface 63, wherein the processor 60, the communication interface 63 and the memory 61 are connected via the bus 62; the processor 60 is used to execute an executable module stored in the memory 61, such as a computer program.

[0111] The memory 61 may include a high-speed random access memory (RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory. The communication connection between the system network element and at least one other network element is realized through at least one communication interface 63 (which may be wired or wireless), and the Internet, wide area network, local area network, metropolitan area network, etc. may be used.

[0112] The bus 62 may be an ISA bus, a PCI bus, or an EISA bus, etc. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Fig.10 Only one bidirectional arrow is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0113] Among them, the memory 61 is used to store programs, and the processor 60 executes the program after receiving the execution instruction. The method executed by the device defined by the process disclosed in any embodiment of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the processor 60 or implemented by the processor 60.

[0114] The processor 60 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method can be completed by the hardware integrated logic circuit or software instructions in the processor 60. The above processor 60 can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented or executed. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can also be any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention can be directly embodied as a hardware decoding processor to be executed, or the hardware and software modules in the decoding processor can be executed. The software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as a random access memory, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a programmable read-only memory or an electrically erasable programmable memory, a register, etc. The storage medium is located in the memory 61, and the processor 60 reads the information in the memory 61 and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.

[0115] A computer program product of a method and apparatus for optimizing the right-angle turn slope morphology of a spoil dump provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes a computer-readable storage medium storing non-volatile program code executable by a processor, and the instructions included in the program code can be used to execute the method described in the previous method embodiment. The specific implementation can be found in the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0116] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0117] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that is executable by a processor. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0118] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0119] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or positional relationships in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0120] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0121] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0122] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the right-angle turn slope shape of a dump, characterized in that: include: A conical slope is set at the right-angle turn of the right-angle turn slope of the spoil dump, and a slope model to be optimized is constructed with the angle between the conical slope and the connecting surface of the straight slopes on both sides as the optimization variable; Obtaining the slope height and slope length of the straight slopes on both sides of the slope model to be optimized; The angle between the connection surfaces, the slope height and the slope length are processed based on a preset earth pressure theory to obtain a calculation model of the total active earth pressure on the connection surface; Based on the total active earth pressure calculation model, a first component calculation model of the first total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of the first slope and a second component calculation model of the second total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of the conical slope are determined; wherein the first total active earth pressure represents the total active earth pressure of the conical slope acting on the first slope through the connecting surface, and the first slope represents any one of the straight slopes on both sides; the second total active earth pressure represents the total active earth pressure of the first slope acting on the conical slope through the connecting surface; Taking the maximization of the slope safety factor as the goal, determining the target angle between the connection surfaces based on the first force component calculation model and the second force component calculation model; Wherein, determining a first component force calculation model of the first total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of the first slope and a second component force calculation model of the second total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of the conical slope based on the total active earth pressure calculation model includes: Decomposing the first total active earth pressure into a component force directed toward the interior of the first slope body and a component force directed toward the free surface of the first slope body; Decomposing the second total active earth pressure into a component force directed to the interior of the conical slope and a component force directed to the free surface of the conical slope; Determining the first force component calculation model and the second force component calculation model based on the total active earth pressure calculation model and the geometric position relationship between the component forces; The first component force calculation model F2 is expressed as: F represents the first total active earth pressure, α represents the angle between the connecting surface of the conical slope and the straight slopes on both sides, K a represents the active earth pressure coefficient, γ represents the soil weight, H represents the slope height of the straight slope, l1 represents the slope length of the straight slope, and c represents the cohesion; The second force calculation model F4 is expressed as: F′ represents the second total active earth pressure; Wherein, taking the maximization of the slope safety factor as the goal, determining the target angle between the connection surfaces based on the first force component calculation model and the second force component calculation model includes: The angle between the connecting surfaces of the tapered slope and the straight slopes on both sides is calculated when the first force component calculation model is equal to twice the second force component calculation model, and is used as the target angle.

2. The method for optimizing the right-angle turn slope shape of a spoil dump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the connection surfaces, the slope height and the slope length are processed based on the preset earth pressure theory to obtain a calculation model of the total active earth pressure on the connection surface, including: Obtaining a height model of a depth without lateral earth pressure and a target soil strip; wherein the target soil strip represents any unit soil strip on the connection surface; The height model is processed according to a preset earth pressure theory to obtain a first calculation model of the lateral earth pressure on the target soil strip on the connection surface; Determining a total active earth pressure calculation model of the target soil strip based on the first calculation model, the height model and the depth without lateral earth pressure; The total active earth pressure calculation model of the target soil strip is integrated to obtain the total active earth pressure calculation model on the connection surface.

3. The method for optimizing the right-angle turn slope shape of a spoil dump according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Obtain the depth without lateral earth pressure, including: Constructing a second calculation model of the lateral earth pressure on the soil unit of the slope model to be optimized at a specified burial depth according to a preset earth pressure theory; The buried depth when the result of the second calculation model is 0 is calculated to be used as the depth without lateral earth pressure.

4. A device for optimizing the right-angle turning slope shape of a dump, characterized in that: include: A construction module is used to set a conical slope at the right-angle turn of the right-angle turn slope of the spoil dump, and to construct a slope model to be optimized with the angle between the conical slope and the connecting surface of the straight slopes on both sides as the optimization variable; An acquisition module, used for acquiring the slope height and slope length of the straight slopes on both sides of the slope model to be optimized; A processing module, used for processing the angle between the connection surfaces, the slope height and the slope length based on a preset earth pressure theory to obtain a calculation model of the total active earth pressure on the connection surface; A first determination module is used to determine a first component calculation model of the first total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of the first slope body, and a second component calculation model of the second total active earth pressure in the free surface direction of the conical slope body based on the total active earth pressure calculation model; wherein the first total active earth pressure represents the total active earth pressure of the conical slope body acting on the first slope body through the connecting surface, and the first slope body represents any one of the straight slope bodies on both sides; the second total active earth pressure represents the total active earth pressure of the first slope body acting on the conical slope body through the connecting surface; A second determination module is used to determine a target angle between the connection surfaces based on the first force component calculation model and the second force component calculation model with the goal of maximizing the slope safety factor; Wherein, the first determination module is specifically used for: Decomposing the first total active earth pressure into a component force directed toward the interior of the first slope body and a component force directed toward the free surface of the first slope body; Decomposing the second total active earth pressure into a component force directed to the interior of the conical slope and a component force directed to the free surface of the conical slope; Determining the first force component calculation model and the second force component calculation model based on the total active earth pressure calculation model and the geometric position relationship between the component forces; The first component force calculation model F2 is expressed as: F represents the first total active earth pressure, α represents the angle between the connecting surface of the conical slope and the straight slopes on both sides, K a represents the active earth pressure coefficient, γ represents the soil weight, H represents the slope height of the straight slope, l1 represents the slope length of the straight slope, and c represents the cohesion; The second force calculation model F4 is expressed as: F′ represents the second total active earth pressure; The second determination module is specifically used for: The angle between the connecting surfaces of the tapered slope and the straight slopes on both sides is calculated when the first force component calculation model is equal to twice the second force component calculation model, and is used as the target angle.

5. The device for optimizing the right-angle turning slope shape of a spoil dump according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The processing module comprises: An acquisition unit, used for acquiring a height model of a depth without lateral earth pressure and a target soil strip; wherein the target soil strip represents any unit soil strip on the connection surface; A processing unit, used for processing the height model according to a preset earth pressure theory to obtain a first calculation model of the lateral earth pressure on the target soil strip on the connection surface; A first determining unit, configured to determine a total active earth pressure calculation model of the target soil strip based on the first calculation model, the height model and the depth without lateral earth pressure; The integration unit is used to integrate the total active earth pressure calculation model of the target soil strip to obtain the total active earth pressure calculation model on the connection surface.

6. The device for optimizing the right-angle turning slope shape of a spoil dump according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The acquisition unit is specifically used for: Constructing a second calculation model of the lateral earth pressure on the soil unit of the slope model to be optimized at a specified burial depth according to a preset earth pressure theory; The buried depth when the result of the second calculation model is 0 is calculated to be used as the depth without lateral earth pressure.

7. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be run on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for optimizing the right-angle turn slope morphology of a spoil dump described in any one of claims 1 to 3 are implemented.

8. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the method for optimizing the right-angle turn slope morphology of a spoil dump according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is implemented.

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